is laced with Monsanto and Bayer's Systemic Neurotoxins. So not only are fed they a diet of junk food...
Thought is a process that happens in the brain. Our observational studies reveals it to be only electrical pulses
You need some kind of eye Lens iris Sensing cells The neural network to pre-process before sending it to a brain.
The brain has to develop a specialized region for processing the images. oh btw...make two of them-cuz stereoscopic vision yields depth of field
With one eye. or no iris or an eyeball not connected to a brain. or a brain capable of vision without an eye.
Forager When most nurse bees turn two to three weeks old the gene expression in their brains changes
The Intelligent Deboning System a one-armed knife-wielding automaton has the brains and dexterity to debone a bird in four seconds flat on par with a human butcher. 1) Queue Gutted whole chickens sit on metal cones as they travel along a conveyor belt
Brain (Not shown in illustration) To help the robot calculate the cutting path algorithms compare 3-D maps of each chicken to a database of dozens of different body types.
he died young from a brain tumor despite his being a healthy nonsmoking teetotaler. Perhaps this book will reveal the potential origins of his plight.
With brain-wasting disease in our deer and elk and steroidal enhanced deficiencies accumulating in our cows this bodes really well for U s as a nation huh?
so. democedes Why did modern man brain size become smaller? Why did modern man loose its fur?
@Robotwhy did modern man brain size become smaller? A small brain takes fewer resources to operate.
Brain size does not directly correlate with intelligence. A sperm whale has a brain 6x bigger than humans.
Why did modern man loose its fur? There are many ideas on the subject. Fur is a disadvantage in hot environments.
I think courtship/mating preferences had something to do with it too. Why did modern man lose the use of some of its internal organs?
Good eyesight takes more brain power. This requires more food/energy and leaves less of the brain available for higher cognitive functions.
The Sumerian culture explains why humans were made clearly in their historymodern man is a leap in the natural evolution of primates
The remainder of my thought was addressing Macro. democedes Yes a sperm whale does have a larger brain size.
Big eyes require more brain power and yet you say are not as smart. As a modern man are you taking notes perhaps you are.
Neanderthal man remembered similar to the sperm whale with the larger brain. The leap of modern man has not been explained in evolution.
Gee Brain I thick so...But me and Pippy Longstockings?..What would the children look like...
ALL ARAYAN BRAIN SHOT! i am adolph hitler gimmie yourgun's! i'm found SHOT BRAIN!
Under himmler IENSTIEN AND VONBRAUN ONE OPPENHIEMER! NASA BOEING GENERALDYNAMICS! J. P. L. NORAD! ONE NASA MONKEY OUTER SPACE SHOT FOR THE MOON AND REMOTE ORBIT LUNAR FLIGHT SPLASH DOWN!
AND ADOPLH HITLER Shot any brain's! IN RESISTANCE OF HIS N w. O.!INDUSTRIAL FRANKFURT NAZIINWARD BRAINROCKET REAR PROP ANY PROPDRONE MUNITION JET COMPLEX!
Not star warsthat shot brain reagen vote gotvetoed! Impeachment like nixon! No nuclear ballistics in orbitgo figure a shot brain adolphhitler!
OR NASA! ON lyin jeb bush or cheney noradtag harrp remote control Utah rocket site roads to edwardsrocket site road!
WITH shot brain! THIRD RIECH FUROR! ADOLPH HITLER! ALL SWINE! and joe bush barac's protectoraterun's!
and added a ADOLPH HITLER DID commit RUGER SHOT CYANIDE CAPPED NAZI ARAYAN BRAIN SHOT WAR MARCHT GESTAPO FUROR BUNKER N w. O. NAZI SHOT BRAIN SUICIDE!
ALL ARAYAN BRAIN SHOT! i am adolph hitler gimmie yourgun's! i'm found SHOT BRAIN!
Under himmler IENSTIEN AND VONBRAUN ONE OPPENHIEMER! NASA BOEING GENERALDYNAMICS! J. P. L. NORAD! ONE NASA MONKEY OUTER SPACE SHOT FOR THE MOON AND REMOTE ORBIT LUNAR FLIGHT SPLASH DOWN!
AND ADOPLH HITLER Shot any brain's! IN RESISTANCE OF HIS N w. O.!INDUSTRIAL FRANKFURT NAZIINWARD BRAINROCKET REAR PROP ANY PROPDRONE MUNITION JET COMPLEX!
Not star warsthat shot brain reagen vote gotvetoed! Impeachment like nixon! No nuclear ballistics in orbitgo figure a shot brain adolphhitler!
OR NASA! ON lyin jeb bush or cheney noradtag harrp remote control Utah rocket site roads to edwardsrocket site road!
Caffeine's primary mechanism in the brain is blocking the effects of an inhibitory neurotransmitter called Adenosine.
By blocking the inhibitory effects of Adenosine caffeine actually increases neuronal firing in the brain
and the release of other neurotransmitters like dopamine and norepinephrine (1 2). Many controlled trials have examined the effects of caffeine on the brain demonstrating that caffeine can improve mood reaction time memory vigilance and general
Caffeine potently blocks an inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain leading to a net stimulant effect.
Controlled trials show that caffeine improves both mood and brain function. There's a good reason why you will find caffeine in most commercial fat burning supplements.
Not only can coffee make you smarter in the short term it may also protect your brain in old age.
Alzheimer's disease is the most common neurodegenerative disorder in the world and a leading cause of dementia.
Parkinson's is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder characterized by death of dopamine-generating neurons in the brain.
Bottom line Coffee is associated with a much lower risk of dementia and the neurodegenerative disorders Alzheimer's and Parkinson's.
and your brain eventually adapts to it so it requires more caffeine to produce the same level of alertness.
#When Brain damage Unlocks The Genius Withinderek Amato stood above the shallow end of the swimming pool
In the 30 or so known cases ordinary people who suffer brain trauma suddenly develop almost-superhuman new abilities:
and improved brain-imaging techniques have enabled those scientists to begin to probe the unique neural mechanisms at work.
I would have to agree that there are many dormant areas of the brain for which the bridges have decayed just.
I used to be into increasing neuron-plasticity with healthy amounts of nootropics and phenylethylamines.
Removing the child locks on one's brain through brain injury or hallucinogen use may seem like the shortcut
however I suspect that the abilities gained will come at the cost of the annihilation of other types of logical processing being done by the brain.
He's an amazing guy. 1. 7 Million brain trauma deaths per year (US only...estimated 7-10 savants alive worldwide.
All that suppressed intelligence is in there in our brains just waiting for something to unsuppress it.
As a victim of anoxic brain damage I can tell you my cognitive process change. The damage was not as severe it too years to diagnose
although not all of us become savants brain damage usually requires personal reorganization. We also have to realize that disabled also usually implies other-abled.
I to wait over five years for a diagnosis of brain damage. Shouldn't patients be advised
and my brain gets less oxygen my concentration is affected and my thoughts get less organized.
The importance of understanding this phenomenon is limited not to savants but to anyone dealing with physical changes to the way their brain works.
and Tried to develop my brain. Was in Blood Research at WRAIR injured neck (never deployed) chronic pain
Without going into detailin a thought rock climbers accelerate neuronal growth in areas of brain associated with balance agility
me that a part of the brain that usually suppresses something is inactive and the music part gets free rein.@
Don't let the rational part of your brain win. Don't let it tell you this is pointless
Similar to Paulagem's comment about anoxic brain damage subjecting the brain to an intense period of malnutrition might bring about a similar surge in creative output.
or for playing Angry Birds yet it is the same processor all our brains may each have these abilities.
#Obama Expected To Launch Massive Study Of The Human Brainpresident Obama is planning to back an exhaustive study of the human brain that could help researchers gain insight into everything from Alzheimer's to mental illness to artificial intelligence the New york times reports:
The Brain activity Map project could be unveiled as soon as March and is expected to cost billions of dollars the Times says.
It differs significantly from the Human brain Project the $1. 3 billion brain research project Europe unveiled recently.
The European project involves simulating the human brain; the Obama proposal focuses on mapping brain activity. For more amazing brain research go here.
The New york times President Obama is planning an exhaustive study of the human brainwow didn't know he was a scientist?!
I'm thinking he should focus on the country and not his own pet projects. Mind reading mind control...
Clearly this potential research is a direct response to the massive European 1. 3 Billion Dollars'Human brain Project'to simulate for the first time a complete human brain on a computer
And so what if we are doing it in response to the Swedish Human brain Project? The space race was 90%Nationalism and 10%Curiosity.
This spurs competetive research on an international level and (infinitely more important) opens the floodgates on neurological disease treatments and artificial intelligence.
and any of you who don't believe that fully modeling the human brain will be necessary to bring true AI to fruition are deluding yourselves (the brain is incredibly efficient).
While I really applaud the efforts of scientists to carefully investigate the architecture of the brain down to the level of intercellular connections
and deeper the challenges fruits and risks of multi-billion dollar programs such as the Human genome Project and now the Brain activity Map require much deeper scrutiny.
I believe such an analogy applies to the proposal to map the human brain at the single cell level.
and treat Alzheimer's disease Parkinsons'disease multiple sclerosis schizophrenia and many other devastating neurological disorders and this requires increased research and development funding from government charities and industry.
However I really seriously question the wisdom of diversion of a significant amount of limited resources available at this juncture for basic scientific research towards the specific goal of mapping brain activity patterns at the cellular level.
In the Brain activity Map proposal white paper entitled âÂ#Âoethe Whole Brain activity Map: Merging Nanoscience and Neuroscience for Technology and Healthã¢Â# and dated in 2011
and posted in the Columbia University Academic Commons the proponents ultimately seek to determine how the brain computes by creation of a detailed anatomical highway map of the brain.
While the four and a half page paper is obviously short on specifics it initially describes expanded studies of the brains of the worm C. elegans the fruit fly Drosophila
and the mouse to map out individual neuron interactions. However the longer term vision encompassed by the proposal is both fanciful and actually quite frightening.
It states: âÂ#Âoebeyond these immediate next steps we envision working towards the ultimate development of subsequent generations of untethered nanoscale neural probes that can locally acquire process
These networks of âÂ#Âoeintelligentã¢Â# nanosystems would also be capable of providing specific responses to externally applied signals or to their own readings of brain activity.
and could comprise the first steps in controlled restoration of normal patterns of activity in damaged brains.
This would initially be done in animal models for brain injuries such as TBI and PTSD or for psychiatric disease.
The âÂ#Âoemind blowingã¢Â# implications that human brain activities such as perhaps the generation of thought itself might become directly controlled by mechanical intervention that could be inputted by others
Much more extensive discussions amongst brain researchers and ultimately the broader community internationally is warranted before significant amounts of funding should be earmarked for such a project.
or molecular pharmacology to treat neurological disorders will be compromised with a major effort that is fixated on mapping neuronal connections that in the end may not really be able to rectify the pathological processes that underlie the most common brain and spinal cord diseases.
In the vast majority of these illnesses it is the destruction of neurons and other supporting brain cells that leads to loss of brain function.
Neuroscience researchers will be diverted from engaging in more timely and practical directions as they will be forced to follow the money
My other primary concern relates to the plasticity of the human brain itself. While each muscle is the human body is controlled ultimately by a single neuron
and the brain is organized into distinct subregions linked with particular motor control and cognitive functions there does not appear to be a requirement of specific neuronal interactions at the cellular level.
The number of neural connections in the adult human brain is in the order of 100 to 500 trillion.
Each neuron has on average about a thousand direct links to the synapses of other neurons. The true value of mapping this to such a high level of precision is of dubious value
and only a generalized map can be produced ultimately. Vast variations with the individual differences in the connectivities of nervous systems amongst people will significantly undermine the value of any generalized map.
because personal genomics and different environments have a huge impact on brain development and fine structure.
As a very plastic organ whole regions of the brain can wane and expand depending on for example the sensory inputs nutrition and exposure to toxic substances. good deal!
The sooner this project is finished the sooner we can figure out what was wrong with the brains of the people that reelected Nobama;
Thanksi guess Obama wants to know what a human brain is...and where he can get one.@
For those who don't have access to the original Neuron white paper I've written a brief synopsis on my blog:
nucambiguous. wordpress. com/2013/02/19/neuroscience-emeril-style/My own comments (as a neuroscientist) are also on the blog. uptil
I would volunteer to have studied my brain invasivelythis is a great idea!
#Obama's Finally Serious About Climate Changepresident Obama promised to make meaningful progress on the issue of climate change in the State of the Union Address last night.
You know Neanderthal is documented to be an independent bunch living in groups of 10 with larger brains than modern humans.
but apparently the drinkers'brains thought they detected a difference according to Betina Piqueras-Fiszman a researcher at the Polytechnic University of Valencia in Spain.
while the brain spinal cord and nerve trunks together account for 2700. And what lurks in the hearts of men?
According to Stuart Sumida a biologist at California State university at San bernardino who served as a consultant on Guardians of the Galaxy an alien advanced enough to master space travel would need to have a large brain.
If you have a big brain you need a way to protect it Sumida says.
But even with prominent brains bones and dexterous appendages there s no reason to assume that distant species would look like slight variations of us.
in order to study how viruses jump between species. Last year neuroscientists at Stanford university boosted the intelligence of mice with human brain cells.
At other points it s a naturally occurring hiccup like the X-Gene that allowed superhumans to manipulate brain waves or magnetic fields.
There was a blockbuster New york times report about neurotoxins in the cigarettes which are now for sale by the vial the gallon and even the barrel.
the cigarettes rather than tobacco cigarettes heat up liquid nicotine hat neurotoxin the Times wrote about nd let users fill their lungs with the resulting vapor.
and their relatively long lifespans during which time they can build up a repertoire of memories
I hope in a few days to get my brains in order and then I will pick out all your orchid letters
#Genetic Pesticides Could Target Individual Speciesif you use a neuro-poison it kills everything Subba Reddy Palli an entomologist at the University of Kentucky who is researching the technology
At the University of California at Berkeley neurobiologist Michael Dickinson built a robotic fruit-fly wing that likewise mimicked a fly s natural motion
he s using electrodes to record the activity of neurons in insects brains. He links them to a flight-simulation system and presents them with visual stimuli picture of a predator for instance hat cause them to react.
We can begin to learn how neurons in the brain are processing information in flight and how sensory information is transformed into action Dickinson says.
In a new study from the University of Queensland's Queensland Brain Institute researchers have found that the very useful (and adorable) waggle dance
And beyond giving a better understanding of how honey bees find their way the study may also help to shed more light on how the tiny bee brain works. w
The scientists used imaging techniques to visualize the activity in certain areas of the flies brains
In vivo calcium imaging of the flies brains stimulated with citrus enabled the researchers to identify the corresponding odorant receptor.
Dopamine is the neurotransmitter that sends messages to the part of the brain that controls movement and coordination.
Their discoveries described in a paper published online today in Cell include identification of a molecule that protects neurons from pesticide damage.
For the first time we have used human stem cells derived from Parkinson's disease patients to show that a genetic mutation combined with exposure to pesticides creates a'double hit'scenario producing free radicals in neurons that disable specific molecular pathways that cause nerve-cell death
and director of Sanford-Burnham's Del E. Webb Center for Neuroscience Aging and Stem Cell Research and senior author of the study.
Next they reprogrammed all of these cells to become the specific type of nerve cell that is damaged in Parkinson's disease called A9 dopamine-containing neurons
--thus creating two sets of neurons--identical in every respect except for the alpha-synuclein mutation.
and mutant neurons to pesticides--including paraquat maneb or rotenone--created excessive free radicals in cells with the mutation causing damage to dopamine-containing neurons that led to cell death said Frank Soldner M d. research scientist in Jaenisch's lab
and co-author of the study. In fact we observed the detrimental effects of these pesticides with short exposures to doses well below EPA-accepted levels said Scott Ryan Ph d. researcher in the Del E. Webb Center
Having access to genetically matched neurons with the exception of a single mutation simplified the interpretation of the genetic contribution to pesticide-induced neuronal death.
when exposed to pesticides disrupt a key mitochondrial pathway--called MEF2C-PGC1ALPHA--that normally protects neurons that contain dopamine.
which mutant neurons from cell death induced by the tested pesticides. Since several FDA-approved drugs contain derivatives of isoxazole our findings may have potential clinical implications for repurposing these drugs to treat Parkinson's.
and the damage done to dopamine-containing neurons it does not exclude other mutations and pathways from being important as well.
and the environment interact to contribute to Parkinson's and other neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's and ALS.
and the Champalimaud Neuroscience Programme explains: When we presented solitary locusts with an unfamiliar odour together with toxic food they assigned it an aversive('bad')value.
and then it finds itself in a crowd what would happen to its memories? Can it switch the value that it has assigned to the odour
they are stuck with the value of their already acquired memories. However strikingly we found that locusts in this transitional period also cannot form any new aversive memories
while they can still form new appetitive memories. We then simulated the context in which the switch to swarming behaviour takes place in the field.
We show that this simple selective block of aversion learning enables the locusts to effectively re-train themselves to learn that the same odour that indicated'bad'now indicates'good'.
And because they can no longer form aversive memories any food is now rewarding and they form the new'correct'appetitive memory with the odour.
Because newly crowded locusts don't form memories about toxins they ingest all they remember is the pleasant side of
The new results show how brains do not solve problems'in a vacuum'but in interaction with the environment.
So a little brain with simple rules goes a long way if you let it interact with the environment.
#Neurons in face recognition center respond differently in autistic brainin what are believed to be the first studies of their kind Cedars-Sinai researchers recording the real-time firing of individual nerve cells in the brain found that a specific type of neuron in a structure called the amygdala
Autism spectrum disorder and autism are general terms for a group of complex disorders of brain development that affect social interactions communication skills and behaviors.
and process information about emotions said Ueli Rutishauser Phd assistant professor of neurosurgery and director of Human Neurophysiology Research at Cedars-Sinai and first author of an article in the Nov 20 issue of the journal Neuron.
The amygdala--which is critical for face recognition and processing of emotions--is thought to be one of the principal areas where dysfunction occurs
but this is the first time single neurons in the structure have been recorded and analyzed in patients with autism.
Researchers in Cedars-Sinai's Department of Neurosurgery and Department of Neurology with colleagues from the California Institute of technology and Huntington Memorial Hospital in Pasadena listened in
The research team then compared recordings from neurons in the patients with autism to recordings from neurons in patients who did not have led autism
which to the discovery that a specific type of neuron performed atypically in those with autism.
Different neurons respond to different aspects of a task. In the amygdala which is known to be important for emotional memory certain neurons fire
when a person looks at a whole face; another population responds when viewing parts of faces
In the two patients with autism whole-face neurons responded appropriately but the face-part neurons were much more active
when the patients were shown the mouth region compared to when they were shown the eyes. A subpopulation of neurons in these patients with autism spectrum disorder showed abnormal sensitivity to the mouth region.
The amygdala neurons appeared normal from an electrical point of view and the whole-face-sensitive neurons responded normally.
Thus the subset of face-part-sensitive neurons was specifically abnormal in autism Rutishauser said.
The article's senior author Ralph Adolphs Phd Bren Professor of Psychology and Neuroscience at Caltech said the study presents new insights into mechanisms underlying the symptoms of autism
and opens the door for further studies. Are there genetic mutations that lead to changes in this one population of neurons?
Do the cell abnormalities originate in the amygdala or are they the result of processing abnormalities elsewhere in the brain?
There are many questions yet to be answered but this study points us in a specific direction that we believe will help understand autism he said.
Observing the activity of single neurons in the human brain is very challenging and only rarely done
but it is the only way to explore what is happening in the brain at the very instant a person thinks.
A collaboration of neuroscientists and neurosurgeons allows these rare opportunities to be used to advance knowledge of how the brain works.
Similar nerve cell studies have been done in animals but they are imperfect representatives of human thought and behavior and without direct human feedback neuroscientists have had to make assumptions when interpreting animal responses.
Progress in finding answers for autism has been limited because no animal model exists for the highly complex human disorder.
The autism study was made possible by patients being treated for epilepsy who underwent surgery to have implanted depth electrodes in their brains to monitor seizure-related electrical activity.
This provides a unique opportunity to record activity from the amygdala a brain structure that is important for the processing of emotions
whether the human amygdala contained face-sensitive neurons said Adam Mamelak MD professor of neurosurgery and director of Functional Neurosurgery at Cedars-Sinai.
In an intracranial electroencephalogram (EEG) study each time a targeted neuron is active it fires an action potential--a chemical and electrical change that can be recorded for later analysis. Like never before the researchers can witness in human subjects
and in real time single cells in the brain reacting when a subject mentally processes a visual image.
In one they recorded the activity of single neurons as patients'brains processed cues from facial expressions.
when memory-related neurons fire in a coordinated way with certain brain waves the resulting image recognition
and memories are stronger than if this synchronization does not occur. Story Source: The above story is provided based on materials by Cedars-Sinai Medical center.
and a cognitive science doctoral candidate at UC San diego. Alexandre began tinkering with Raspberry Pis a computer that can fit in one's hand
Synapsin almost exclusively occurs in nerve cells in the brain. Parts of the gene can
The pig The SYN1 gene can with its specific expression in nerve cells be used for generation of pig models of neurodegenerative diseases like Parkinson's.
The pig with the human gene SYN1 can presumably also be used for research into the development of the brain and nervous system in the fetus.
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