The photovoltaic devices created in a project led by Rice chemical engineer Rafael Verduzco and Penn State chemical engineer Enrique Gomez are based on block copolymers self-assembling organic materials that arrange themselves into distinct layers.
They easily outperform other cells with polymer compounds as active elements. The discovery is detailed online in the American Chemical Society journal Nano Letters.
The density and chemical composition of the wood may provide clues to the climate and air composition in the past.
Ajayan is the Benjamin M. and Mary Greenwood Anderson Professor in Mechanical engineering and Materials Science and of chemistry at Rice.
The structural modeling and electronic structure calculations were performed by the David Reichman lab in chemistry.
Artificial photosynthesis in which solar energy is converted directly into chemical fuels is regarded as one of the most promising of solar technologies.
and predator bugs that in turn preyed on woolly apple aphids a pest that growers often control with chemical sprays.
and predator bugs that in turn preyed on woolly apple aphids a pest that growers often control with chemical sprays.
Arne Skerra from the TUM Chair of Biological Chemistry. In this process a molecule precursor binds to the Faeo enzyme (Fragaria x ananassa enone oxidoreductase) which converts it into the final product namely HDMF.
--and ended up understanding how Faeo produces the HDMF flavor compound explains Dr. Andr Schiefner from The chair of Biological Chemistry.
Their study published in ACS'Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry found similar results as those published in the European union.
Even when other known means of communication such as contact chemical and light-mediated signals are blocked chilli seeds grow better when grown with basil plants.
or chemical signals they germinated as though they could still communicate with the basil. A partial response was seen for fully grown chilli plants blocked from known communication with the seeds.
In a related study published online Feb 21 in Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry Relyea's Pitt research team examined
Using three commonly applied pesticides that have similar chemical properties--chlorpyrifos carbaryl and malathion--the Pitt researchers exposed 15 populations of wood frog tadpoles to high concentrations of each insecticide.
The article published Feb 21 in Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry is titled Cross-tolerance in amphibians: Wood frog mortality when exposed to three insecticides with a common mode of action.
and added different chemical components in extracts of honey. They identified p-coumaric acid as the strongest inducer of the detoxification genes.
This is a very important and fundamental process of ecosystem renewal around the planet that we really didn't understand says co-senior investigator Joseph P. Noel professor and director of Salk's Jack H. Skirball Center for Chemical
What we discovered she says is how a dying plant generates a chemical message for the next generation telling dormant seeds it's time to sprout.
The chemical structures the team solved revealed all the molecular contacts between karrikin and KAI2 according to Salk research associate Yongxia Guo a structural enzymologist and one of the study's lead investigators.
La Clair then joined the study contributing his chemistry expertise. While the new findings were made in Arabidopsis a model organism that many plant researchers study the scientists say the same karrikin-KAI2 regeneration strategy is undoubtedly found in many plant species. In plants one member
Pulickel Ajayan the Benjamin M. and Mary Greenwood Anderson Professor in Engineering and a professor of mechanical engineering and materials science chemistry and chemical and biomolecular engineering;
Structural and chemical studies of the new catalyst conducted at Brookhaven's National Synchrotron Light source (NSLS)
thus accelerating the electron transfer rate for the chemical desorption of hydrogen from the catalyst further reducing the energy required for the reaction to take place Sasaki said.
#while the yellow flesh variety have carotenes#essential chemical components for the diet#and in greater quantities than in the usual commercial varieties.
article April 5 for the Metallomics journal of The Royal Society of Chemistry on how to use X-ray analysis to map a path to increasing the amount of nitrogen that legumes deposit into the soil Cultivation of legumes the plant family that includes peas beans alfalfa soybeans
In the same way measures of optimism and pessimism can provide indicators for an understanding of animal welfare explains co-author Dr Elodie Briefer from Queen Mary's School of Biological and Chemical sciences.
Dr Alan Mcelligott also from Queen Mary's School of Biological and Chemical sciences said: The study shows that animal rescue centres such as Buttercups Sanctuary for Goats where we collected our data can provide a vital role in reversing long-term neglect once the animals receive excellent care.
Dogs were key to the new study said Knight of CU-Boulder's chemistry and biochemistry department since results from previous studies suggested there were components of co-habitation involved in microbe sharing.
The difference is in their chemical linkages. Our idea is to use an enzyme cascade to break up the bonds in cellulose enabling their reconfiguration as starch.
or chemical reagents and does not generate any waste. The key enzymes immobilized on the magnetic nanoparticles can easily be recycled using a magnetic force.
Additional resources were contributed by the Virginia Tech College of Agriculture and Life sciences'Biodesign and Bioprocessing Research center the Shell Gamechanger Program and the U s. Department of energy Bioenergy Science Center along with the Division of Chemical sciences
and you're apt to scarf'em all down--began coming out of the bag today in research presented at the 245th National Meeting & Exposition of the American Chemical Society.
Their research which found some of the highest lead levels in baby food was among almost 12000 reports scheduled for the 245th National Meeting & Exposition of the American Chemical Society.
In chemistry a salt is a substance formed when an acid neutralizes a base. Organic substances are simply those containing carbon.
and on the development of many innovative methods over the course of his career Warner will receive the ACS Award in Analytical Chemistry sponsored by the Battelle Memorial Institute on April 9.
That was the word today from an overview of the chemistry of hangovers presented as part of the 245th National Meeting & Exposition of the American Chemical Society the world's largest scientific society.
Mitchell spoke on the chemistry and physiology of the hangover at a symposium Chemistry of the Bar which connects with the ACS meeting's core theme The Chemistry of Energy and Food.
Hundreds of the 12000 reports on new advances in science scheduled for presentation at the meeting relate to that theme.
Rabalais pointed out that advances in chemistry and other fields do promise solutions. Fertilizers that stay in the soil and resist runoff for instance could have a big impact.
and a global leader in providing access to chemistry-related research through its multiple databases peer-reviewed journals and scientific conferences.
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Technological solutions to these problems that employ the latest developments in materials science chemistry biology and electronics are capable of greatly enhancing the performance of these systems.
is a leader in purification separation and chemical technology with a longstanding legacy of technology innovation for improving water quality and utilization.
In addition new processes for chemical production have been deployed that dramatically reduce wastewater production helping to preserve freshwater resources.
The enzymatic breakdown of cellulosic biomass into fermentable sugars has been the Achilles heel of biofuels a key economic bottleneck says chemical engineer Harvey Blanch one of the leaders of this research.
and joins Queen Mary's School of Biological and Chemical sciences later this year. Most worker bees visit thousands of flowers every day in their search for nectar to feed their queen's brood.
Their study which includes molecular evidence that sorghum lacks the proteins toxic to people with celiac disease appears in ACS'Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry.
The discovery is featured a editor's choice in an online version of the chemistry journal Angewandte Chemie International Edition.
Additional resources were contributed by the Shell Gamechanger Program the Virginia Tech College of Agriculture and Life sciences'Biodesign and Bioprocessing Research center and the U s. Department of energy Bioenergy Science Center along with the Division of Chemical sciences
One variable he tested was tailoring the chemical formulation of the liquid amine solution. Other variables included the type of steam used and the size and pressure of the reactor--the chamber where the flue gas flows past the amine solution.
Study co-authors include Michael Wong professor of chemical and biomolecular engineering and of chemistry and Ken Cox professor in the practice of chemical and biomolecular engineering.
Graphene sheets grown in a lab often via chemical vapor deposition are almost neverperfect arrays of hexagons Yakobson said.
Yakobson is Rice's Karl F. Hasselmann Professor of Mechanical engineering and Materials Science and professor of chemistry.
#Cancer biologists find DNA-damaging toxins in common plant-based foodsin a laboratory study pairing food chemistry
Ajayan is the Benjamin M. and Mary Greenwood Anderson Professor in Engineering and a professor of mechanical engineering and materials science chemistry and chemical and biomolecular engineering.
Peptides prior to the current 6f version have required additions that can only be made by chemical synthesis. The 6f peptide does not require these additions
This is one of the first examples in translational research using an edible plant as a delivery vehicle for a new approach to cholesterol said Judith Gasson a professor of medicine and biological chemistry director of UCLA
#Chemical trickery explored to help contain potato pestthe pale cyst nematode Globodera pallida is one bad roundworm.
#For smokers, low levels of Vitamin d may lead to cancernew research appearing online today in Clinical Chemistry the journal of AACC shows that decreased levels of Vitamin d may predispose smokers to developing tobacco-related cancer.
The above story is provided based on materials by American Association for Clinical Chemistry (AACC. Note: Materials may be edited for content and length.
#Social bees mark dangerous flowers with chemical signalsscientists already knew that some social bee species warn their conspecifics
Researchers at the University of Tours (France) in collaboration with the Experimental Station of Arid Zones of Almeria (Spain) have demonstrated now that they also use chemical signals to mark those flowers where they have previously been attacked.
whether bees are capable of using evasive chemical signals to mark those flowers where they have previously been attacked.
The authors conclude that the application of pesticides on fresh produce may not only be a chemical hazard
Barney earned his bachelor's degree in chemistry at the University of Kentucky and his master's and doctorate degrees in weed ecology at Cornell University.
determining cell wall chemistry to find plants with ideal genes. NREL's new High-Throughput Analytical Pyrolysis tool (HTAP) can thoroughly analyze hundreds of biomass samples a day
Tool Can Pinpoint Phenotypesto find out the chemical composition of the cell walls companies have to sample large quantities of biomass
HTAP integrates a molecular beam mass spectrometer with the pyrolysis unit to quickly determine chemical signatures (phenotypes) on small amounts of biomass samples that can be used for among other things identifying the genes controlling the chemical makeup.
Samples drop into the oven where the pyrolysis creates a vapor that is read by the mass spectrometer--a chemical fingerprint.
Combining the HTAP chemical phenotypes with information such as genetic markers can signal there is a gene nearby that controls those chemical phenotypes--for better or worse.
and the associated cell-wall chemistry changes Davis said. They discerned dozens of changes in transgenic biomass samples each slight genetic tweak corresponding with a slight difference in the amount of lignin in the sample.
and the University of California Davis to demonstrate that the HTAP method could combine with genetic information to identify genetic markers associated with cell wall chemistry traits.
NREL's pyrolysis combined with a mass spectrometer was a big improvement over the old method of using wet chemistry to analyze
Even with this approach the method that would soon evolve into HTAP identified numerous genetic markers associated with cell wall chemistry
and provided greater chemical specificity and resolution than had been available before. So NREL used money from its internal general purpose equipment account to buy an auto-sampler the final piece in the goal of combining automation pyrolysis spectrometry and speed.
HTAP provides the information that combined with other genetic information tells us there's a gene controlling the plant's cell wall chemistry located somewhere on this chromosome--at the same location every time Davis said.
The data from the chemical makeup is averaged and generated in real time. If we know what each of these peaks are related to we can tell what has changed with each sample Davis said.
With petroleum derivatives scientists have invested more than a hundred years of research into refining the polymer chemistry involved
Tang just received a National Science Foundation CAREER award to further develop the polymer chemistry he has been refining
since he arrived as a chemistry professor in USC's College of Arts and Sciences in 2009.
Bean will use a technique called transmission spectroscopy to measure the chemical composition of the planet s atmosphere with unprecedented precision.
While researchers do not entirely understand the role of viruses in helping plants withstand extreme conditions Roossinck said that future research may help the agricultural industry naturally develop hardier plants rather than rely on chemical solutions that threaten the environment.
A typical BECCS system converts woody biomass grass and other vegetation into electricity chemical products or fuels such as ethanol.
That's the conclusion of an article in the ACS'Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry.
The species also assist the release of essential minerals in some chemical fertilizers though not in pesticides
The worms will survive in areas using chemical fertilizers but not those using chemical pesticides.
However the worms did well in areas of organic farming and so are likely to be sensitive to modern agrochemical contamination of the environment.
The use of microscopic synchrotron X-ray beams at the Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource (SSRL) and at the ESRF enabled scientists to determine the chemical form of these metals
However part of the cerium had changed its oxidation state from Ce (IV) to Ce (III) which can alter the chemical reactivity of the nanoparticles.
Cerium has no chemical partner in the plant tissue and is not biotransformed in the soya bean
or gold substrates in a process called chemical vapor deposition commonly used to make graphene.
which might bring in lots of new physics and chemistry especially on the nanoscale. For example 2-D boron is more conductive than graphene because of its unique electronic structure and atomic arrangement.
Yakobson is Rice's Karl F. Hasselmann Professor of Mechanical engineering and Materials Science and professor of chemistry.
and can generate high yields of fermentable sugars regardless of upstream processing says Blake Simmons a chemical engineer who heads JBEI's Deconstruction Division.
and elsewhere have been studying biomass pretreatments with ionic liquids--environmentally benign organic salts often used as green chemistry substitutes for volatile organic solvents.
The ability to literally walk out the door to work on tree defenses against pests like the gypsy moth coupled with an abundance of undergraduate talent makes the U-M campus an ideal location for studies in insect chemical ecology Barbehenn said.
because their chemical composition or fingerprint varies said Mark Failla professor of human nutrition at Ohio State and interim chair of the Department of Human sciences.
The research is published in a recent issue of the journal Food Chemistry. Failla and colleagues asked 14 healthy individuals between the ages of 21 and 55 years to collect saliva in the morning before they had eaten breakfast
The extent of the pigment degradation in saliva was primarily a function of the chemical structure of a given anthocyanin said Failla also an investigator in Ohio State's Comprehensive Cancer Center and Food Innovation Center.
and h-BN via chemical vapor deposition (CVD) created sheets with pools of the two that afforded some control of the material's electronic properties.
Their results were published in the Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. In another study they investigated how HLB infection affects juice quality in the same three varieties of orange with respect to cultivar maturity and processing methods.
The pine beetles produce pheromones chemical signals that attract enough competitors and predators to prevent outbreaks says Sharon Martinson a member of the research team and first author on the new paper.
and wine appears in ACS'Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. Yoji Hayasaka and colleagues point out that Australia
The most well-studied gene variations are substitutions of one type of chemical unit of DNA for another one at a single position along the genome.
but finite (about 3 billion chemical units long) the environment contains an infinite number of substances from dietary micronutrients to synthetic pollutants to
of these chemical emissions vary around the world. The chemicals which are produced from sources such as planes factories
in Earth's atmosphere depending upon where the ozone-forming chemical emissions were located. This variability was found within individual continents and even among different regions with similar emission levels within individual countries.
whose chemical contents were the precursors to Aspirin willows are seen now as important crops for energy and the environment.
and ingest more samples from this rock which it will analyze for information about its mineral and chemical composition.
One line of evidence comes from inspection of light-toned veins with Curiosity's laser-pulsing Chemistry and Camera (Chemcam) instrument
The researchers grew polycrystalline graphene by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) using scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy for analysis to examine at the atomic scale grain boundaries on a silicon wafer.
We finally have a nanotube fiber with properties that don't exist in any other material said lead researcher Matteo Pasquali professor of chemical and biomolecular engineering and chemistry at Rice.
at the moment the scientists are working also on potato plants on behalf of a Japanese chemical company. They use their knowledge to get crops to yield a far greater amount of biomass.
and be able to disable plants'growth limits using chemical mutagenesis as well--that is to say using normal growing techniques.
This process involves using chemical additives to bring about changes in a seed's DNA sequence.
The team has tested now successfully this chemistry on seeds from the mahua and sal trees.
The experimental results were reported in the Royal Society of Chemistry journal Physical chemistry Chemical Physics. The discovery Tour said could be a boon in the cleanup of contaminated sites like the Fukushima nuclear plants damaged by the 2011 earthquake and tsunami.
Tour is the T. T. and W. F. Chao Chair in Chemistry as well as a professor of mechanical engineering and materials science and of computer science at Rice.
Schools have physics chemistry and biology laboratories to teach these subjects. The combination of Raspberry Pi and Piface creates a cheap personal laboratory for computer science that every child can own.
The main reason why strawberries don't work as teeth whiteners is their chemistry. They may taste great
In a report published online in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences during the week of Oct 13 the researchers say that many of those who received a daily dose of the chemical sulforaphane experienced substantial improvements in their social interaction
and where appropriate replace conventional chemical fertilizers so that their use can be reduced with the resulting economic and environmental benefits.
and conventional chemical fertilizers to increase productivity in poor soils and specifically to combat the impact of the Sclerotinia sclerotiorum pathogen
and the chemical properties of the soil in which rice grows. They found that iron content in soil slowly increases as rice is growing
Three substances added to the new report as reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogenthe chemical 1-bromopropane is a colorless to pale yellow liquid used as a solvent in many commercial industries.
The study thought to be the first to assess these compounds in apple cultivars grown in the Pacific Northwest appears in October's print edition of the journal Food Chemistry.
while nitrogen pollution has changed soil chemistry in Canada and Panama. Continents apart these changes have all been documented by the Smithsonian-led Center for Tropical forest Science-Forest Global Earth Observatory CTFS-Forestgeo
Many of the changes occurring in forests worldwide are attributable to human impacts on climate atmospheric chemistry land use
Land managers traditionally have used chemical herbicides to slow phragmites'spread but with only limited and temporary success. Now field experiments by researchers at Duke
But sugars may also be part of a deadly game of tag between plant and insect according to scientists at the Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology.
Like all cereals and other members of the grass family maize plants defend themselves with chemistry.
and Jonathan Gershenzon from the Department of Biochemistry at the Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology in Jena Germany have discovered recently a previously unknown detoxification strategy in these pest insects.
The chemical chirality of the compounds is the key here explains Jonathan Gershenzon director of the Department of Biochemistry.
The above story is provided based on materials by Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology. Note: Materials may be edited for content and length.
Moreover the surface chemistry of biochar--both on external surfaces and inside pores--is likely to promote absorption and further slow the movement of water.
and atmospheric moisture future satellites will also use'chemical cameras'to map the distributions of greenhouse gases
A theoretical chemistry group at UIC led by Petr Kral was able to explain this attraction and additional electronic properties of the grain boundary.
and Vladimir Volman an engineer at Lockheed martin. Tour is the T. T. and W. F. Chao Chair in Chemistry as well as a professor of materials science and nanoengineering and of computer science.
And their studies suggest that these methods could be as efficient in protecting crops as using chemical based pesticides.
and chemical engineer Matteo Pasquali a co-author on the new paper used an acid dissolution process to keep the nanotubes separated until they could be spun into fibers.
Professor in Mechanical engineering and Materials Science and of chemistry and chair of the Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering.
Pasquali is chair of the Department of chemistry and a professor of chemical and biomolecular engineering of materials science and nanoengineering and of chemistry.
Martã is an assistant professor of chemistry and bioengineering and of materials science and nanoengineering. The Welch Foundation supported the research.
and to perform research focused on the generation of biological pesticides which is a very important issue for agriculture due to the increasing restriction on the use of chemical pesticides emphasizes the scientist at INECOL.
The research team of Annette Rompel from the Institute for Biophysical Chemistry University of Vienna explore the mechanisms behind the browning reaction during the spoilage of mushrooms.
This precursor is activated then via specific chemical cleavage. At this cleavage site the protein segment covering part of the enzyme active site is removed
For the first time at the Institute for Biophysical Chemistry of the University of Vienna a method was developed that allows for the one stage isolation of latent tyrosinase from their natural source.
Yakobson is Rice's Karl F. Hasselmann Professor of Materials Science and Nanoengineering a professor of chemistry and a member of Rice's Richard E. Smalley Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology.
and grasslands and replaced them with croplands said Unger an assistant professor of atmospheric chemistry at F&es.
Not all of these compounds affect atmospheric chemistry in the same way. Aerosols for instance contribute to global cooling
#Coffee genome sheds light on the evolution of caffeinethe newly sequenced genome of the coffee plant reveals secrets about the evolution of man's best chemical friend:
Scientists theorize that the chemical may help plants repel insects or stunt competitors'growth. One recent paper showed that pollinators--like humans--may develop caffeine habits.
and biology its chemical ecology and the types of damage it does to various host plants.
They also discuss different chemical control options that can be used successfully in integrated pest management programs.
Results indicated that it pays off to maintain chemical free greenhouse crop production. If biological pest control was used whitefly populations were more susceptible to insecticides
He collaborates with carbon emissions expert Robert Yokelson a chemistry professor from the University of Montana.
One was to develop new synthetic chemistry which is always the case in these kinds of endeavors.
The interface between chemistry and biology is the key to success in discovering drugs. Co-authors of the JACS paper are graduate students Christopher Hale Lizanne Nilewski and Kathryn Beabout and postdoctoral fellows Christian Nilewski Heraklidia Ioannidou and Abdelatif El Marrouni all of Rice
Nicolaou is the Harry C. and Olga K. Wiess Professor of Chemistry. Story Source: The above story is provided based on materials by Rice university.
when the plant gets a chemical signal from the bacterium --but the growing tube inside the root hair that accepts the bacteria requires something else
This dual requirement for chemical and mechanical signals is present in both associations even though the association between rhizobia and legumes is only 60 million years old.
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