Nitrous oxide or laughing gas on the one hand is one of the major greenhouse gases. On the other hand nitrogen containing aerosols scatter light
It's not good news--as greenhouse gases continue to rise we'll get fewer storms chased up into Australia Dr Abram said.
and by combining our observations with climate models we can clearly link this to rising greenhouse gas levels.
This new research suggests that climate models do a good job of capturing how the westerly winds respond to increasing greenhouse gases added Professor England from the Climate Change Research Centre at UNSW.
and other species. A new report calls for saving half of boreal forest acreage to protect the habitat for more than 300 migratory bird species. The northern landscape is beset with oil gas mining
Southern boreal forests have already been affected by oil and gas mining forest product industries hydropower and roads and infrastructure.
The Southeast is a major energy producer of coal crude oil and natural gas. Decreased water availability exacerbated by population growth
While climate change certainly is a global challenge as greenhouses-gases from the use of fossil fuels disturb ecosystems worldwide the impacts vary widely over space and time.
Producing food--and beef in particular--is a significant source of greenhouse gas emissions which are projected to grow as rising incomes in emerging economies lead to greater demands for meat.
gas impact. The new study to be published Monday April 28 in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences found that by subsidizing more productive use of pastureland
Exploring options and tradeoffsbecause beef is such a greenhouse-gas intensive food the researchers looked for unintended impacts such as lowering beef prices to the point where people want to consume more
and greenhouse gases said Cohn who was supported by the International Institute for Applied Systems analysis while he was a UC Berkeley student.
Studya surprising recent rise in atmospheric methane likely stems from wetland emissions suggesting that much more of the potent greenhouse gas will be pumped into the atmosphere as northern wetlands continue to thaw
and human changes to those ecosystems--a timely topic as the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change prepares to examine land use impacts on greenhouse gas emissions says Prof.
One of the strongest greenhouse gases methane comes from agriculture and fossil fuel use as well as natural sources such as microbes in saturated wetland soils.
Not only are fens one of the strongest sources of wetland greenhouse gases but we also know that Canadian forests
Under warmer and wetter conditions much more of the gas will be emitted. If wetland soils dry out from evaporation
#Bacteria combat dangerous gas leaksbacteria could mop up naturally-occurring and human-made leaks of natural gases before they are released into the atmosphere and cause global warming according to new research from the University of East Anglia.
Findings published today in the journal Nature shows how a single bacterial strain (Methylocella silvestris) found in soil
and propane found in natural gas. It was thought originally that the ability to metabolize methane and other gaseous alkanes such as propane was carried out by different groups of bacteria.
because it means that one type of bacteria can mop up the components of natural gas very efficiently
and reduce pollution The findings could help mitigate the effects of the release of greenhouse gases to the atmosphere from both natural gas seeps in the environment
They then measured its ability to grow on methane and other gases. Lead researcher Prof Colin Murrell from UEA's school of Environmental sciences said:
Natural gas from geological sources contains methane as well as substantial quantities of ethane propane and butane. We have shown that one microbe can grow on both methane and propane at a similar rate.
which it uses to harness both gases at once. This is very important for environments exposed to natural gas either naturally or through human activity.
These microbes may play an important role in mitigating the effects of methane and other gases before they have a chance to escape into the atmosphere.
These findings could be used to inform land use management decisions. For example areas where high levels of methane and propane are released could benefit from an environment rich in these microbes which live naturally in soil.
Methane is a potent greenhouse gas which is released from natural sources such as wetlands as well as from human activities including waste management the oil and gas industries rice production and livestock farming.
Globally it is estimated that more than half of methane emissions are made human. Molecule-for-molecule the effect of methane on global warming is more than 20 times greater than carbon dioxide over a 100 year timeframe.
'Trace-gas metabolic versatility of the facultative methanotroph Methylocella silvestris'by Andrew Crombie and Colin Murrell is published in the journal Nature on Monday April 28 2014.
Despite our efforts global greenhouse gas emissions continue to increase and the climate will change.
and soil pollution greenhouse gas emissions simultaneously reducing threats to human health biodiversity and food security.
and reports on the presence of hydrogen sulfide in crude oil and natural gas while they're still in the ground.
Crude oil and natural gas inherently contain hydrogen sulfide which gives off a rotten egg smell. Even a 1 percent trace of sulfur turns oil into what's known as sour crude
and can generate more greenhouse gases than gasoline according to a study published today in the journal Nature Climate Change.
and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Corn stover--the stalks leaves and cobs in cornfields after harvest--has been considered a ready resource for cellulosic ethanol production.
--which is 7 percent greater than gasoline emissions and 62 grams above the 60 percent reduction in greenhouse gas emissions as required by the 2007 Energy Independence and Security Act.
Most greenhouse gases come from burning fossil fuels to produce energy although deforestation industrial processes and some agricultural practices also emit gases into the atmosphere according to the Environmental protection agency.
Greenhouse gases act like a blanket around Earth trapping energy in the atmosphere and causing it to warm.
This is called the greenhouse effect and is natural and necessary to support life On earth. However a buildup of greenhouse gases can change Earth's climate.
Agriculture globally contributes about 10 to 12 percent to greenhouse gas emissions Rice said. If you add in forestry it moves it up to around 25 percent.
Agriculture is significant but not the major contributor and has declined slightly percentage-wise since the last report in 2007 not so much because agriculture has changed that much
Our chapter addresses agriculture's role in the future of the emission of greenhouse gases. This is the fifth assessment report said Rice who also served on the fourth report
and can mitigate greenhouse gas emissions Rice said. They conducted literature reviews and summarized key points of the science that's occurred since the last report in 2007.
what's the impact of those greenhouse gases? It is certainly clear by 97 percent of those climate scientists that the increases in greenhouse gases such as CO2 nitrous oxide
and methane have resulted in about a 1. 5 Degree fahrenheit increase in global temperatures. That's an important point that it's global he said.
and residue those are major ways agriculture can reduce the emission of greenhouse gases because carbon dioxide is being taken up by the plant materials
Cement is a major emitter of carbon dioxide (CO2) greenhouse gas so the authors suggested that wood products
Because livestock production is a contributor to greenhouse gases he said it had to be put on the table.
Those individuals will come up with policies for countries to implement aimed at reducing greenhouse gases.
#Deforestation could intensify climate change in Congo Basin by halfby 2050 deforestation could cause temperatures in the Congo Basin to increase by 0. 7 °C. The increase would intensify warming caused by greenhouse gases
Central africa of 2050 will be an average of 1. 4 °C hotter than today as a result of global greenhouse gas emissions.
in addition to the warming caused by greenhouse gases. Such drastic temperature increases will drive off plant and animal species and may even threaten some with extinction warn the researchers.
and other greenhouse gases to arrive at their calculations. Their deforestation scenario is far from extreme.
Research suggests cooling action will clean airever-rising greenhouse gas emissions and the potential need to deploy untested and expensive climate engineering technologies are just two of the many bits of bad news in the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change's new report on Mitigation
One of the main causes of greenhouse gas emissions is coal power Hertwich says. Coal-fired power plants produce a lot of pollution so any measures that will reduce our combustion of coal will also help us to fight air pollution.
what humankind is doing to the climate by burning fossil fuels and releasing greenhouse gases to the atmosphere.
nevertheless quick to point out that the past decade has seen an unprecedented rate of increase in greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere as a result of a global rise in emissions.
If we continue to emit greenhouse gases at current rates we risk overshooting the carbon budget with dire consequences.
If humankind does not control the growth in greenhouse gas emissions in the next decade it increases the likelihood that we will need negative-emissions technologies such as bioenergy with CO2 capture
Unlike other gases short-lived NOX can't be measured directly from air bubbles trapped in ice cores.
Airborne nitrate can exist as a gas or a particle and nitrate with lighter isotopes tends to exist as a gas.
But he found that the total fraction of nitrate present as gas or particle varies with the acidity of the atmosphere
and the acidic air causes more of the light isotopes to exist as a gas.
The isotope records really closely follow the atmospheric acidity trends said co-author Becky Alexander a UW associate professor of atmospheric sciences.
While that snow sits on the ground sunlight bouncing off the surface triggers chemical reactions that send some of it back into a gas form.
No effect would be expected for stable gases like carbon dioxide and oxygen or for the water molecules used to calculate temperature variations through time.
Their contribution to this global greenhouse gas is considerable. So far the assumption had been that camels with similar digestion produce the same amount of the climate-damaging gas.
However researchers at the University of Zurich and ETH Zurich have shown now camels release less methane than ruminants.
Ruminants produce more of the gas per amount of converted feed than other herbivores. The only other animal group that regularly ruminates like ruminants are camels.
The no-till and reduced chemical regimes also mitigated greenhouse warming by taking up greenhouse gases from the atmosphere in contrast to standard management
a smaller number were willing to pay for a reduction in greenhouse gas emissions. Robertson and his colleagues argue that in coming decades human population
and water is converted to oxygen gas at one electrode (the anode) and hydrogen gas at the other electrode (the cathode).
Some study participants reported stomach upset such as bloating gas diarrhea or constipation but these symptoms subsided over the course of the study.
and increased emissions of the greenhouse gas nitrous oxide he said. Story Source: The above story is provided based on materials by University of California-Davis. Note:
#A balanced carbon footprint for the Amazon Riverconsidered until now a source of greenhouse gas emissions capturing the CO2 fixed by the tropical forest through the soils of the watershed to release it into the atmosphere the Amazon river actually has balanced a carbon footprint.
and is managed by NASA's Jet propulsion laboratory in Pasadena Calif. Carbon dioxide is both one of the best measured greenhouse gases
but that number will still yield 100 to 200 times as many measurements as the currently observing Japanese Greenhouse gases Observing SATELLITE (GOSAT) mission.
Methane fuels life in pristine chalk riversscientists from Queen Mary University of London have found that naturally high concentrations of the greenhouse gas methane contributes to energy production in chalk rivers in a new study
which contributes to more than a third of greenhouse gas emissions. For example fine sediments washed into rivers from farmland used to grow crops are known to be sources of methane gas.
Professor Trimmer added: We used to think energy from the breakdown of chemicals was only substantial in dark places where photosynthesis is impossible like deep oceans.
or released to the atmosphere as methane a gas that has a warming potential 20 times larger than carbon dioxide said John Melack a professor at the University of California Santa barbara. Researchers will measure plant growth
and gas exchange and use photographs from the field and satellites. Two other Amazon resources--fisheries and forests--are important to the livelihood of the people of the region.
dairy consumptiongreenhouse gas emissions from food production may threaten the UN climate target of limiting global warming to 2 degrees Celsius according to research at Chalmers University of Technology Sweden.
and lamb will account for half of all agricultural greenhouse gas emissions while only contributing 3 percent of human calorie intake.
#Bioenergy from sustainable forestry does not meet EU emission reduction criteriathe levels of forest residue bioenergy considered to be sustainable from a forestry perspective may provide considerable reductions in greenhouse gas emissions in European countries.
These criteria are foreseen to require a 60%reduction in greenhouse gas emissions compared to an alternative fossil fuel.
and water vapor is the Earth's most important greenhouse gas Russell said. As you start varying the hydrological cycle of Indonesia you almost have to vary the Earth's water vapor concentration.
Earlier studies have found that climate change is projected to reduce maize yields globally by the end of the century under a business as usual scenario for future emissions of greenhouse gases;
and can cause gas bloating diarrhea and constipation. These include some Clostridia and some E coli.
Reduction of greenhouse gas emissions urgently neededone conclusion of CH2014-Impacts is that with or without climate protection Switzerland will not be able to do without adaptation.
A reduction of greenhouse gas emissions still remains an urgent priority. In other words: adaptation and climate protection must go hand in hand.
and sequester carbon dioxide a greenhouse gas. The project is part of the Gates Foundation's Reinvent the Toilet Challenge an effort to develop a next-generation toilet that can be used to disinfect liquid and solid waste
which to record the severity of four symptoms--gas diarrhea audible bowel sounds and abdominal cramping--on a scale of 0 to 10 with 10 being the most severe.
when greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide are released into the atmosphere. Woodland salamanders facilitate the capture of this carbon before it is released by feeding on invertebrates (beetles earthworms snails ants etc.
Food that is rich in carbohydrates particularly fiber tends to produce larger amounts of gas than a diet without these ingredients.
The ORNL technology offers a new pathway to biomass-derived renewable fuels that can lower greenhouse gas emissions and decrease U s. reliance on foreign sources of oil.
and widely license breakthrough technologies that substantially expand the use of sustainable transportation fuels that reduce greenhouse gas emissions
Also with some supplements animals can produce more milk and meat for proportionally less greenhouse gas.
Despite ruminant livestock's poor image as major greenhouse gas emitters sustainably managed grazing can increase biodiversity maintain ecosystem services
In the Central Hardwoods the effects of a changing climate are expected to include rising temperatures due to a rise in greenhouse gas concentrations leading to longer growing seasons.
For now the carbon footprint of cutting down forests to make way for palm plantations dwarfs the greenhouse gases coming from the wastewater lagoons.
However the climate impact of the leaking methane could be mitigated by capturing the gas and using it to fuel power plants.
New gas-phase compounds form organic particle ingredientsscientists have made an important step in order to better understand the relationships between vegetation and climate.
In this case gases are converted into particles that reflect solar radiation or act as nuclei for cloud droplets.
and cannot be detected in the gas phase by analytical instruments. To prevent this the ELVOCS are ionized directly under atmospheric conditions in the gas phase
and subsequently transported as an electrically charged ELVOC-molecule into the sensor (mass spectrometer) where the detection takes place.
We managed to present the first molecular evidence of a direct and ubiquitous source of ELVOCS arising from the oxidation of monoterpenes and other volatile organic compounds in the gas phase.
New research by German Finnish and U s. scientists elucidates the process by which gas wafting from coniferous trees creates particles that can reflect sunlight
Scientists have known for decades that gases from pine trees can form particles that grow from just 1 nanometer in size to 100 nanometers in about a day.
A paper published in Analytical Chemistry describes how researchers at NPL have created a synthetic gas standard for the first time
The bulk of demand for gas standards comes from atmospheric monitoring stations around the world.
--i e. by weighing the gas in the cylinder--that are traceable to the International system of Units (SI) offers a means of broadening availability.
By using high accuracy gravimetry we were able to prepare a gas mixture that accurately replicated the natural occurring isotopic carbon dioxide.
Euan G. Nisbet Foundation Professor of Earth sciences at Royal Holloway maintains an Atlantic network of greenhouse gas measurements.
Standards are a critical problem in greenhouse gas measurement. Developing high accuracy reference standards of carbon dioxide and methane with international comparability and traceability to the SI will greatly contribute to our work
and to improving our understanding of how greenhouse gases affect the atmosphere. Story Source: The above story is provided based on materials by National Physical Laboratory.
#Rapeseed-based animal feed cuts greenhouse gases by up to 13 per centthe use of rapeseed cake in the production of livestock feed cuts methane
The project seeks to take advantage of rapeseed crops to improve agricultural productivity and at the same time to cut greenhouse gas emissions.
A waste product in this process is used at the same time to produce animal feed with the resulting cost-cutting for farmers and greater efficiency in the emission of greenhouse gases.
improve food securitylivestock production is responsible for 12%of human-related greenhouse gas emissions primarily coming from land use change
But our results show that targeting the production side of agriculture is a much more efficient way to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
Such diets are efficient not only from the perspective of greenhouse gas reduction but also from farm profit maximization and food production.
which policies would be the most effective for cutting greenhouse gas emissions while also maintaining food availability.
but also food insecurity in developing countries because it ignores the social cost of policies that focus just on greenhouse gas abatement..
as a result of mitigating greenhouse gas emissions. Changing livestock production systems remains a challenge. The researchers say that policies to provide education
Forest chips were 2-3 times more expensive than natural gas and coal but cheaper than heavy oil.
The system is designed to monitor liquid gas and soil hydraulic properties and allows real time continuous tracking of water in deep sections of the vadose zone from land surface to groundwater.
and supported by strict reductions in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The new study published today 18 february in IOP Publishing's journal Environmental Research Letters has highlighted the risks of large
This rate of increase caused by the build up of background greenhouse gas emissions would be well beyond the bounds experienced in the last century
Furthermore the researchers used a simple climate model to study a variety of plausible greenhouse gas scenarios and SRM termination years over the 21st century.
The primary control over the magnitude of the large temperature increases after an SRM shutoff is the background greenhouse gas concentrations.
Thus the greater the future emissions of greenhouse gases the larger the temperature increases would be
and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions associated with corn production in Ontario. Their findings are published today in the Agricultural Institute of Canada's (AIC) Canadian Journal of Soil science.
According to the paper's authors most of the energy used during corn production comes from the use of natural gas
The article Energy and Greenhouse Gas Intensity of Corn (Zea mays L.)in Ontario: A regional assessment by Susantha Jayasundara Claudia Wagner-Riddle Goretty Dias and Kumudinie Kariyapperuma is available Open Access in the Canadian Journal of Soil science.
and Physical sciences Research Council will also explore the conversion of wet seaweed to gas which can in turn be converted to liquid fuel.
The research offers new perspective on evolutionary biology microbiology and the production of natural gas and may shed light on climate change agriculture and human health.
Methane is the main component of natural gas and a potent greenhouse gas. This innovative work demonstrates the importance of a new global regulatory system in methanogens said William Whitman a professor of microbiology at the University of Georgia who is familiar with the study
The same process allows natural gas production from agricultural residues a renewable resource. Methanogens also play an important role in agriculture
These are critical precursors for organic aerosols and ozone a potent greenhouse gas. Wildfires meanwhile are a major source of black carbon and primary organic carbon.
methanerice University scientists have created a highly sensitive portable sensor to test the air for the most damaging greenhouse gases.
That allows for far better detection of gases than more common lasers that operate in the near-infrared.
Methane and nitrous oxide are both significant greenhouse gases emitted from human activities Tittel said. Methane is emitted by natural sources such as wetlands and human activities such as leakage from natural gas systems and the raising of livestock.
Human activities such as agriculture fossil fuel combustion wastewater management and industrial processes are increasing the amount of nitrous oxide in the atmosphere.
and is far better able to detect trace amounts of gas than lasers used in the past.
When light at a specific wavelength is absorbed by the gas of interest localized heating of the molecules leads to a temperature
and pressure increase in the gas. If the incident light intensity is modulated then the temperature
That signal is proportional to the gas concentration. The unit can detect the presence of methane
This was a milestone for trace-gas sensing Ren said. Now we're trying to minimize the size of the whole system.
It also constituted an overall reduction in greenhouse gas emissions of 200 tons per year. In the first year of the Shorepower Project staff will work with the partner towns of Cambridge Easton Salisbury and Snow Hill.
and vendors to inventory each municipality's energy usage and greenhouse gas emissions develop recommendations for achieving energy savings and reducing greenhouse gas emissions and build capacity for ongoing tracking and evaluation.
He reviewed ways Governor Martin O'Malley's administration through its Greenhouse Gas Reduction Plan aims to reduce greenhouse gas emissions 25 percent by 2020 (starting with 2006 levels.
You may think that climate change is being caused by burning oil coal and gas. But not so fast!
Methane from cows--a greenhouse gas 25 times more powerful than carbon dioxide--makes up 20%of greenhouse emissions from agriculture or about 1%of all anthropogenic greenhouse gases.
It is therefore possible to imagine a dairy herd producing the same volume of milk for lower greenhouse gas emissions.
lead to a reduction in the region's role as a reservoir for greenhouse gas.
or sink for carbon dioxide a gas that has been linked to climate change. Through photosynthesis the Amazon absorbs 1. 5 billion tons of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere every year in a process that requires input of nitrogen.
if the emission of greenhouse gases is to be reduced. Society the authorities and politicians will have to think about introducing incentives
#Suburban sprawl cancels carbon footprint savings of dense urban coresaccording to a new study by researchers at the University of California Berkeley population-dense cities contribute less greenhouse gas emissions
& Technology (ES&T) uses local census weather and other data--37 variables in total--to approximate greenhouse gas emissions resulting from the energy transportation food goods
A key finding of the UC Berkeley study is that suburbs account for half of all household greenhouse gas emissions
A 10-fold increase in population density in central cities yields only a 25%reduction in greenhouse gas emissions.
for 100 days) and greenhouse gas emission equivalent of 800,000 car trips from one end of the U s. to the other, Â according to the Natural resources Defense Council.
The more you can get along without oil and natural gas, the better. Your goal should be to imagine how your children
and natural gas to grow, process and transport. The whole food distribution chain in the United states is on average 1, 500 miles long,
which are made from oil and natural gas. Figure out a low-fuel way to get some compost and manure,
since we all know that the commercial meat industry is massively reliant on petroleum and natural gas.
and happily, without oil or gas, without food from the supermarket...even without grid power.
is to reduce New york city's greenhouse gas emissions by 30 percent by 2017. What will it take to see these predictions happen?
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