#Pet foods: Not all brands follow meat regulationsresearchers in Chapman University's Food Science Program have published just a study on pet food mislabeling.
The study focused on commercial pet foods marketed for dogs and cats to identify meat species present as well as any instances of mislabeling.
and it was shocking how few had ever been described said Noah Fierer an associate professor of ecology and evolutionary biology at CU-Boulder and corresponding author of the study.
The study was led by Kelly Ramirez a postdoctoral researcher at Colorado State university now at The netherlands Institute of Ecology in The netherlands.
and Ecosystem Functioning Lab at CSU headed by biology Professor Diana Wall director of the School of Global Environmental Sustainability and a corresponding author on the study.
and if you want to find a wide range of different belowground organisms you don't have to travel around the world said Fierer who is also a fellow at the Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental sciences.
#Biodiversity does not always improve resistance of forest ecosystems to droughtscientists from INRA in collaboration with WSL (Switzerland)
what was accepted commonly by scientists species diversity does not systematically improve tree resistance to drought in forest ecosystems.
It is known however that biodiversity can promote forest ecosystem performance and resistance to insect pests and diseases but whether or not diverse forests are adapted also better to deal with drought stress remains unknown.
Therefore managing forest ecosystems for high tree species diversity alone does not necessarily ensure forest adaptability to possible future severe drought events.
and thus maintain ecosystem functions under drought stress. Story Source: The above story is provided based on materials by INRA-France.
Just as in humans the plant microbiome is shaped by the types of bacteria that successfully colonize the plant's ecosystem.
Instead weather and topography play a greater role in the ecological severity of fires than these bark-boring beetles.
While the findings may exonerate the insect scapegoats they should also help ecosystem managers better respond to changes in the face of climate-driven disturbances like drought and warmer temperatures.
and wildfire together change the ecological response of the forest to fire? Fortunately for the team among the burned areas studied were pine stands that had not been attacked by beetles.
The study team examined ecosystem indicators of fire severity such as how many trees were killed by fire
It's not surprising the ecosystem has these mechanisms to be resilient. What we as people see as catastrophes are not always catastrophes to the ecosystem.
Story Source: The above story is provided based on materials by University of Wisconsin-Madison. The original article was written by Kelly April Tyrrell.
and CTFS-Forestgeo and ecosystem ecologist based at the Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute. Many of the changes occurring in forests worldwide are attributable to human impacts on climate atmospheric chemistry land use
and flows within the ecosystem take soil samples and measure climate variables like rainfall and temperature.
and converting grasslands into forest ecosystems. This change in environment can affect stream hydrology and biogeochemistry said Dodds who has studied streams
and shrubs additional actions are need to maintain quickly disappearing grassland ecosystems. It's clear from this research that
Konza is an 8600-acre tallgrass prairie ecological research site jointly owned by the university and The Nature Conservancy.
But sugars may also be part of a deadly game of tag between plant and insect according to scientists at the Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology.
and Jonathan Gershenzon from the Department of Biochemistry at the Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology in Jena Germany have discovered recently a previously unknown detoxification strategy in these pest insects.
The above story is provided based on materials by Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology. Note: Materials may be edited for content and length.
and reduced greenhouse gas emissions said lead author Rebecca Barnes an assistant professor of environmental science at Colorado College who began the research while serving as a postdoctoral research associate at Rice.
A new paper in the journal Nature Climate Change concludes that climate warming does not accelerate soil organic carbon decomposition or affect soil carbon storage despite increases in ecosystem productivity.
The research led by U s. Forest Service Research Ecologist Dr. Christian Giardina with the agency's Institute of Pacific Islands Forestry Pacific Southwest Research Station with co-authors Drs.
However the temperature gradient used in this study provides an ideal study system for measuring ecosystem responses to warming over long periods of time.
This allowed them to isolate the effects of changing temperature on ecosystem carbon storage and flux.
The scientists propose that where ecosystem carbon is unprotected such as at the surface in plant debris its decomposition
which means that the capacity of tropical ecosystems to retain carbon will depend on the balance of changes within each ecosystem.
That's good news for hungry lady beetles according to research Barton published in the September issue of the journal Ecology.
it depends upon your biology ecology and location'said Professor Rich Grenyer of Oxford's School of Geography and the Environment the coordinating author of the study.'
to the region's diverse ecosystem. Along the west coast of North america winds lift deep nutrient-rich water into sunlit surface layers fueling vast phytoplankton blooms that ultimately support fish seabirds and marine mammals.
and reproductive success. The tree ring data allowed researchers to understand how these ecosystems were influenced by climate variation
By studying top level predators we get an upper level view of the entire ecosystem said Black.
Black's co-authors are William Sydeman and Marisol Garcã a-Reyes at the Farallon Institute for Advanced Ecosystem Research David Frank at The swiss Federal Research Institute Daniel Griffin at Woods
Climate change could postpone fall leaf peeping in some areas of the United states as summer temperatures linger later into the year Princeton university researchers report in the journal Global Ecology and Biogeography.
and ecosystem productivity Medvigy said. In particular a delay in when leaves change color could affect how much carbon an ecosystem removes from the atmosphere
which would partially combat the climate change that caused the delay in the first place he said. When plants have green leaves they're doing photosynthesis
and Dr Fiona Tomas of the Mediterranean Institute for Advanced Studies in Spain is published in the Journal of Ecology.
Increased feeding by plant-eating tropical fish in temperate waters as a result of ocean warming is an issue of global importance that has the potential to transform marine ecosystems as has also been seen in Japan.
Ecological factors such as climate soil quality water supply and topography determine the suitability of land for agriculture.
but the ecosystem function hasn't come back said ecologist Mark Bertness professor of biology at Brown and senior author of the study in the journal Biological Conservation.
'but'Does it restore the ecosystem services?''which is really what should be important to us.
The answer is that the recovering ecosystems were not back to performing like healthy ones.
Ecological restoration is complicated a and expensive endeavor that sometimes fails because of the subtle and intricate nature of ecosystems Bertness noted.
In the case of Cape cod's marshes among the key species that may have been set back are the slow-growing mussels that transfer nitrogen from the water to the sediment promoting grass growth.
therefore that ecosystem management cannot be judged as successful based merely on how the marshes look.
Three decades ago forest dieback was a hot topic with the very survival of large forest ecosystems seemingly in doubt.
Meanwhile the accelerated growth and aging of trees is also significant for the forest ecosystem as a whole as Pretzsch explains:
Applying biomechanical formulae to a treasure trove of thousands of fossilized leaves of angiosperms--flowering plants excluding conifers--the team was able to reconstruct the ecology of a diverse plant community thriving during a 2. 2 million-year period
and with different ecological strategies possess very different microbial communities on their leaves said lead author Steven W. Kembel a former postdoctoral researcher in the UO's Institute of Ecology
and ecosystem function Kembel said. Ultimately we hope that understanding the factors that explain variation in bacterial abundances across host species will help us better manage biological diversity in forests and the health and function of forest ecosystems.
Story Source: The above story is provided based on materials by University of Oregon. Note: Materials may be edited for content and length.
Despite the fact that tropical forests are the most biodiverse terrestrial ecosystems on the planet more is known about bellybutton bacteria than bacteria on trees in the tropics.
The Smithsonian forest ecologist and his colleagues hope to collaborate with researchers at the 60 Forest Global Earth Observatory sites coordinated by the Smithsonian's Center for Tropical forest Science to compare interactions at different sites and under different environmental conditions.
In the journal Ecology & Society Michigan State university scientists show that useful insights and ways of scrutinizing wildlife
and conservation there's an increasing awareness of the need to go beyond biology and ecology to incorporate insights from various other disciplines like social psychology and economics.
Later the culture regressed as the ecosystem in the area shifted towards old-growth spruce-dominated forests
and regressed as the ecosystem became dominated by old-growth spruce forests which provided a less ideal elk habitat than the recently-emerged land.
According to records of the Institute of Ecology (INECOL) in Mexico there were six thousand cysts per kilogram of soil of the nematode
and meat-rich diets said Gretchen Daily the Bing Professor in Environmental science at Stanford and senior author on the paper.
whenever possible said co-author Claire Kremen a professor of environmental science policy and management at UC Berkeley.
Preserving biodiversity and phylogenetic history is critical for both healthy ecosystems and prosperous farms Frishkoff and Karp said.
Having just sparrows in an ecosystem is like investing only in technology stocks: If the bubble bursts you lose Frishkoff said.
You want to have diversified a truly ecosystem with an array of species each contributing different benefits.
and translocating exotic strains for ecological restoration and forestry that will be adapted better to near-future conditions.
from now on we will have a much more detailed view of the dynamics of this ecosystem says Dusko Ehrlich.
The study by scientists from the LOEWE Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (Bik-F) the Goethe University and the ECT Oekotoxikologie Gmbh was published in the September issue of the journal Applied Soil Ecology.
Both of them--but especially Folsomia candida--might have difficulties to produce enough offspring to keep a population stable in dry soil says Cornelia Bandow an ecologist at ECT Ecotoxicology Gmbh who conducts research for the German Biodiversity
It looks to birds as indicators of ecosystem health by examining population trends of species dependent on one of seven habitats:
The stochastic spatial processes interfere with the classic ecological theory of predictable dependence resulting in de facto independence.
Andreas Huth have spent the last five years using computer models to analyse ecosystems to explore the composition and dynamics of species-rich communities in tropical rainforests.
Called the Global Ecosystem Dynamics Investigation (GEDI) lidar the instrument will be the first to systematically probe the depths of the forests from space.
This study shows that it can be a promising option to protect European forests from the impacts of climate change says IIASA Ecosystems Services
Fire is a natural part of the ecology of many forests but when fires get out of control they can burn huge areas and spread to neighboring homes and settlements.
and impacts on forest ecosystems has already been carried out for over two decades. However there is a still a knowledge
The study recommends that forest managers look for strategies that enhance forest ecosystem resilience and increase flexibility to make future management changes as required by realized climate change trends.
and the global food network has become 50 percent more interconnected said Paolo D'Odorico a U. Va. professor of environmental sciences and the study's lead author.
#Ecologist stresses importance of wetlands, grasslands in midwestwetlands may be understood the least ecosystem but their value Is distinguished immense according to Professor W. Carter Johnson of the South dakota State university Department of Natural resource Management.
Anything that affects them will have a big impact on the landscape. For more than 40 years the ecologist has studied wetlands along rivers
and in the prairie pothole region that extends from Canada through the Dakotas to Iowa.
A paper by Heller and Keoleian titled Greenhouse gas emission estimates of U s. dietary choices and food loss is scheduled for online publication Sept. 5 in the Journal of Industrial Ecology.
In their Journal of Industrial Ecology paper Heller and Keoleian also looked at wasted food
The blog and the paper were supported by the UC Davis College of Agricultural and Environmental sciences.
and biology its chemical ecology and the types of damage it does to various host plants.
A new study by scientists at the University of Maryland Center for Environmental science explores what's behind this major comeback.
This is a story about resilience said Donald Boesch president of the University of Maryland Center for Environmental science.
It's a powerful example of how organisms in ecosystems once given a chance can make themselves resistant to stresses and changes.
Analysis of time series data by Cassie Gurbisz and Michael Kemp of the University of Maryland Center for Environmental science's Horn Point Laboratory was published in the March 2014 issue of Limnology and Oceanography.
The above story is provided based on materials by University of Maryland Center for Environmental science. Note: Materials may be edited for content and length.
We don't know what kind of impact this species has on local ecosystems though it's possible that the greenhouse camel cricket could be driving out native camel cricket species in homes Epps says.
and ecology of greenhouse whitefly (Trialeurodes vaporariorum) in her thesis. Greenhouse whitefly is a widespread invasive pest which has occurred in Finland since the year 1920.
Most plant fossils are isolated organs making it difficult to reconstruct the type of plant life or its ecosystem structure.
and Environmental sciences. The average efficiency of livestock converting plant feed to meat is less than 3
and many of the benefits that come from the forest's ecosystem such as pest control and pollination.
and maintain healthy ecosystems but these have been local-scale initiatives that have had little impact on maintaining
This is quite simply not enough to ensure the survival of species and maintenance of a thriving ecosystem across rural areas.
but also from the benefits that a flourishing ecosystem brings. We need to start to put such a scheme in place now before it becomes too late.
and maintain ecosystem functions. Their findings reveal: To calculate costs the researchers first had to record what
and ecosystem functions which are found in protected areas such as national parks. a minimum of 30 per cent of native habitat needs to be preserved.
but the functions they perform in the ecosystem will also decline many of which are highly beneficial to humans.
and should be incorporated into different land use policies such as the Brazilian Forest Code programs for ecosystems payments or in socioenvironmental certification incentives.
an'environmental-values'layer that estimates that natural importance of ecosystems and a'road-benefits'layer that estimates the potential for increased agriculture production via new or improved roads.
and other universities for nearly two years to map out the world's most important ecosystems and biodiversity.
Areas with carbon-rich ecosystems with key wilderness habitats such as tropical forests were identified as those where new roads would cause the most environmental damage with the lease human benefit particularly areas where few roads currently exist.
The research published in the journal Global Ecology and Biogeography describes the patterns and trends in their spread using global databases to investigate the factors that influence the number of countries reached by pests and the number of pests in each country.
and in forests it can survive in widely diverse ecosystems and has been found to impact native plant species invertebrate populations and soil nutrients.
In a new study recently published in the journal Ecology UGA researchers found that Japanese stiltgrass also is affecting arachnid predators:
Ecosystems are so incredibly complex that it can be surprisingly difficult to foresee just how environmental changes such as an invasion will affect organisms living in affected areas said Devore who is now a postdoctoral fellow with the University of Sydney in Australia.
Maerz has been interested in the effects of Japanese stiltgrass on forest ecosystems for years When Devore and Maerz originally found lower survival of American toads at eight locations in Georgia where stiltgrass is actively invading they initially speculated that the grass was reducing the toads'food supply by reducing insect populations--few native insects eat the Asian
The paper by Devore and Maerz was featured on the cover of the July issue of Ecology.
Terrestrial ecosystems contribute to about 70%of N2o emissions at least 45%being linked to the nitrogen-containing products found in agricultural soils (fertilisers slurry manure crop residues etc..
and ecological studies published elsewhere by the author of this revision Dr Peter J. de Lange.
The study reported in Environmental science and Technology recalculates the theoretical limit of terrestrial plant productivity
what the natural ecosystem would have produced. But it turns out that in nature very few plants have evolved to maximize their growth rates.
or managed ecosystems Delucia said but they represent the untapped potential productivity of plants in general.
or natural ecosystems the authors wrote. We're not saying that this is even approachable but the theory tells us that what is possible on the planet is much much higher than
All I'm saying is that we're underestimating the productive capacity of plants in managed ecosystems.
This is the first time that deep genomics resources have ever been applied to an ecological question in this case:'
Given the importance of poplar trees not just for their role in the ecosystem for instance in capturing carbon
and sustainable withdrawals from groundwater said Forrest Melton a research scientist in the Ecological Forecasting Lab at NASA Ames Research center in Moffett Field California.
and causing a drastic change in the ability of ecosystems to produce food--specifically meat.
While the phenomenon of woody plant invasion has been occurring for decades for the first time we have quantified the losses in ecosystem services said Osvaldo Sala Julie A. Wrigley Chair and Foundation Professor with ASU's School of Life sciences and School of Sustainability.
While ranchers clearly depend on grasslands to support healthy livestock ecosystems also provide a range of other services to humans.
Led by Professor Brendan Mackey Director of the Climate Change Response Program at Griffith University in Queensland Australia the authors are experts in forest ecology conservation biology international policy
and ecological processes have not been disrupted significantly. These forests are home to an extraordinary richness of biodiversity with up to 57 percent of all tropical forest species dependent on primary forest habitat
and the ecological processes they provide. The analysis shows that almost 98 per cent of primary forest is found within 25 countries with around half of that located in five developed countries:
and ecosystem services will continue to be lost in both developed and developing countries. Co-author James Watson of the Wildlife Conservation Society says:
2 Incorporate primary forests into environmental accounting including the special contributions of their ecosystem services (including freshwater
As a data collection toolleaf measurements are often critical in plant physiological and ecological studies
In research to be published in the journal Ecology --and currently posted online as a preprint--Thomas Givnish a professor of botany at the University of Wisconsin-Madison attempts to resolve this debate by studying how tree height resource allocation
#Roadside research from pinelands and coast to coastroads are essentially the primary feature of human civilization at this point according to Dane Ward a doctoral student in environmental science at Drexel University who is presenting research at the Ecological Society
and Sciences took advantage of a cross-country roadtrip from Philadelphia to the meeting in Sacramento this week for some extra ecological data collection.
Their cross-country look at roadside ecology is a new venture but their scientific work closer to home in the New jersey Pinelands also has a relationship to the road.
The Pine Barrens gentian species (Gentiana autumnalis) thrives after its ecosystem has experienced disturbance as one of the earliest species to begin re-inhabiting empty spaces--a phase known as early succession.
That is one of the questions Rebozo is addressing in research he will present at the Ecological Society of America meeting on Aug 13.
and significantly alter the cycling of carbon and nutrients in woodland ecosystems according to a new study.
#Ecology could break deadlock between grouse shooting, hen harrier conservation on UK moorlandsas another grouse shooting season begins research out today in The british Ecological Society's Journal of Applied Ecology shows ecology could help break the decades-long deadlock
between grouse shooters and conservationists seeking to protect hen harriers on UK moorlands. Led by Professor Steve Redpath of the University of Aberdeen the study involved grouse managers and conservationists as well as ecologists.
Using science as a way to seek solutions to the conflict the grouse managers and conservationists together agreed key questions they wanted the research to answer.
The ecologists then developed a model to explore a possible compromise solution. The model showed that at certain population densities harriers can coexist with profitable grouse shooting.
and testing the effectiveness of various solutions ecology can help resolve wildlife conflicts --which can have dramatic impacts on people's lives and livelihoods--worldwide.
Ecology has a vital role to play in understanding and tackling these conflicts by providing impartial evidence
The above story is provided based on materials by British Ecological Society (BES. Note: Materials may be edited for content and length.
and trickle down effects on ecosystemspredators play important roles in maintaining diverse and stable ecosystems.
which could fundamentally transform current ecosystems. A symposium focusing on climate's effects on predators--causing cascading effects on whole ecosystems--will take place on Tuesday August 12th during the Ecological Society of America's 99th Annual Meeting held this year in Sacramento California.
There will be winners and losers as species adapt to a changing climate. Ecologists are just beginning to understand why different competitors may be favored by climate change
and how consumer-resource interactions are modified. Impacts on one species can affect many organisms in an ecosystem.
Because predator species are animals that survive by preying on other organisms they send ripples throughout the food web regulating the effects other animals have on that ecosystem.
This cause and effect process is called a trophic cascade or the progression of direct and indirect effects predators have across lower levels in a food chain.
and functioning of temperate nearshore marine ecosystems said Rebecca G. Martone of the Center for Ocean Solutions at Stanford university.
Dr. Martone's analyses of the effects of sea otters on kelp forest ecosystems can help shape predictions of how climate change
and trophic cascades in concert with other drivers affect coastal ecosystems. The ecological impacts of a changing climate are evident from terrestrial polar regions to tropical marine environments.
Ecologists'research into the tropic cascading effects of predators will assist decision makers by providing important scientific findings to prepare for the impacts of climate change occurring now and into the future.
Speakers for the symposia include marine freshwater and terrestrial experimental ecologists who will present their research
and offer insights from different approaches used to studying consumer-resource interactions. Story Source: The above story is provided based on materials by Ecological Society of America.
Note: Materials may be edited for content and length h
#Climate change and drought in ancient timesthe influence of climate on agriculture is believed to be a key factor in the rise and fall of societies in the Ancient Near east.
and three raptor species commonly found in sagebrush ecosystems: Red-tailed hawks Swainson's Hawks and Ferruginous Hawks.
Raven populations have increased precipitously in the past four decades in sagebrush ecosystems largely as a result of fragmentation and development of anthropogenic structures.
and limited in nesting areas said study lead author Peter Coates an ecologist with the USGS Western Ecological Research center.
and USGS ecologist Kristy Howe whose masters thesis research with WCS formed the foundation of this study.
and eggs and hawks are predominantly predators of adults these landscape changes could shift ecosystem dynamics.
and young and correspondingly lower for adult sage-grouse and other prey species. This adds new insights for ecosystem managers who seek to understand the complex relationships between ravens hawks sage-grouse populations and habitat changes.
influence differential habitat use of nesting Buteos and ravens within sagebrush ecosystem: Implications for transmission line development will appear in the August 2014 print issue of the journal The Condor.
To measure individual differences in parasite tolerance the researchers used statistical methods that could be extended to studies of disease epidemiology in humans said senior author Andrea Graham an assistant professor of ecology and evolutionary biology
Lauren Quinn an invasive plant ecologist at U of I's Energy Biosciences Institute recognized that most of the news about invasive biofuel crops was negative
The team of researchers used fundamental biological ecological and management principles to develop definitions for terminology commonly used to describe invasive species. Our definition of invasive is'a population exhibiting a net negative impact
or harm to the target ecosystem'for example Quinn said. We want to establish guidelines that will be simple for regulators and informed by the ecological literature and our own knowledge.
We also need to recognize that some native plants can become weedy or invasive. It's complicated
which includes 49 questions that must be asked about a particular species based on its biology ecology
The above story is provided based on materials by University of Illinois College of Agricultural Consumer and Environmental sciences (ACES.
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