In these dry fragile ecosystems where increase in water availability from rainfall is the limiting factor for malaria transmission irrigation infrastructure can drastically alter mosquito population abundance to levels above the threshold needed to maintain malaria transmission said lead
author and U-M graduate student Andres Baeza who works in the laboratory of Mercedes Pascual in the Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology.
and characterized by an enhanced environmental malaria risk despite intensive mosquito control efforts said Pascual the Rosemary Grant Collegiate Professor of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology at U-M and a Howard
and maintain them for long enough periods said Pascual a theoretical ecologist. Malaria is caused by the Plasmodium parasite
A better understanding of socioeconomic and ecological differences between recently irrigated and mature irrigation areas could provide the means to reduce the malaria burden
what scientists know about fire's role in land cover change ecosystem processes and the global carbon cycle by allowing researchers to map characteristics of the global distribution of fires in remarkable detail.
Fighting fires is a very expensive proposition said Jim Vogelmann research ecologist from USGS Earth Resources Observation and Science Center in Sioux falls S d. Fire suppression costs last
Participants in citizen science projects contribute real valuable data that allow us to tackle some major ecological questions related to invasive species urbanization
In a matter of weeks the flooded landscape could yield ecosystems flush with forage for the muscled movers.
The strength of the study lies in the use of multiple lines of evidence--population modeling molecular genetics ecological trapping border control/airport detections
and forms found in trees hides a remarkably similar architecture based on fundamental shared principles UA ecologists have discovered.
Researchers in the University of Arizona's department of ecology and evolutionary biology have found that
or species. The researchers'results published in the August issue of the scientific journal Ecology Letters have important implications for models used by scientists to assess how trees influence ecosystems across the globe.
According to the authors their study is the first empirical test of a theory UA ecology professor Brian Enquist helped develop in 1998.
For example even though a piã on pine tree looks very different from a maple tree there are similar general ecological biological and physical principles that have resulted in a similar branching architecture across those species over the course of evolution.
and Allen Place at the University of Maryland Center for Environmental science's Institute for Marine and Environmental Technology are published in the August issue of the journal Lipids.
and Allen Place of the University of Maryland Center for Environmental science's Institute of Marine and Environmental Technology and Frederic Barrows of the U s. Department of agriculture's Agricultural research service is published in the August issue of Lipids.
The above story is provided based on materials by University of Maryland Center for Environmental science. Note: Materials may be edited for content and length.
The above story is provided based on materials by University of Illinois College of Agricultural Consumer and Environmental sciences (ACES.
#Ecology: As data flow, scientists advocate for quality controlas sensor networks revolutionize ecological data collection by making it possible to collect high frequency information from remote areas in real time scientists with the U s. Forest
Service are advocating for automated quality control and quality assurance standards that will make that data reliable.
In an article published recently in the journal Bioscience research ecologists John Campbell and Lindsey Rustad of the U s. Forest Service's Northern Research Station and colleagues make a case for incorporating automated quality control and quality assurance procedures in sensor networks.
In the not distant future sensor networks will be the standard technique used to collect data on all kinds of ecosystems said Michael T. Rains Director of the Northern Research Station
Jeffrey R. Taylor National Ecological Observatory Network Inc.;Ethan W. Dereszynski Oregon State university; James B. Shanley U s. Geological Survey;
The team's findings to be presented today in a talk at the annual conference of the Ecological Society of America highlight the potential benefits of conserving all species--even those some people dislike.
Because not every human bitten by an infected tick develops Lyme disease the team did not estimate how many people are spared the disease because of the ecosystem service that timber rattlesnakes provide.
The'rainforests-of-the-sea'reefs were replaced by the'gravel parking lots'of the greenhouse world said Norris The greenhouse world was marked also by differences in the ocean food web with large parts of the tropical and subtropical ocean ecosystems supported by minute
picoplankton instead of the larger diatoms typically found in highly productive ecosystems today. Indeed large marine animals--sharks tunas whales seals even seabirds--mostly became abundant
Notably despite the disruption to Earth's ecosystems the extinction of species was remarkably light other than a mass extinction in the rapidly warming deep ocean.
In many respects the PETM warmed the world more than we project for future climate change so it should come as some comfort that extinctions were limited mostly to the deep sea said Norris. Unfortunately the PETM also shows that ecological disruption can last tens of thousands of years.
But if fossil fuel use stays on its current trajectory until the end of this century then the climate effects begin to resemble those of the PETM with major ecological changes lasting for 20000 years
The study which appears today in the Journal of Ecology is the first of its kind to use
which fruits are harvested said Orou Gaoue the study's lead author and assistant professor of ecology evolution and conservation biology at the University of Hawaii at Manoa.
If the trend continues at its current rapid pace it will place significant stress on terrestrial ecosystems around the world
of the Department of Global Ecology at the Carnegie Institution. The work is part of a special report on climate change in the current issue of Science.
but broad review of scientific literature on aspects of climate change that can affect ecosystems
We know from past changes that ecosystems have responded to a few degrees of global temperature change over thousands of years said Diffenbaugh.
There are two key differences for ecosystems in the coming decades compared with the geologic past Diffenbaugh said.
Diffenbaugh said that the range of climate projections offered in the report can inform decision-makers about the risks that different levels of climate change pose for ecosystems.
which every summer is hotter than the hottest of the last 20 years poses real risks for ecosystems across the globe Diffenbaugh said.
The researchers who also include William A. Nelson associate professor of biology Queens University Canada currently on sabbatical at Penn State and Takehiko Yamanaka senior researcher National Institute for Agro-Environmental sciences Tsukuba
and pollination systems said Scott Hodges professor in the Department of Ecology Evolution and Marine Biology.
They are one of the big elements of ecosystems like birds and trees. They are major movers of stuff.
Dietrich School of Arts and Sciences and director of the University's Pymatuning Laboratory of Ecology.
It's one of the first reports to identify the interactions between these large important predators based on complex ecological processes.
It was published today by scientists from Oregon State university and Washington state University in the Journal of Animal Ecology.
when they are trying to gain weight as rapidly as possible before winter hibernation said William Ripple a professor in the OSU Department of Forest Ecosystems
The recovery of those trees and other food sources since the re-introduction of wolves in the 1990s has had a profound impact on the Yellowstone ecosystem researchers say
As we learn more about the cascading effects they have on ecosystems the issue may be more than having just enough individual wolves
and shrub recovery and restore ecosystem health. As wolves help reduce elk numbers in Yellowstone
Increases in berry production in Yellowstone may also provide a buffer against other ecosystem shifts the researchers noted--whitebark pine nut production a favored bear food may be facing pressure from climate change.
Its use also requires expert knowledge and detailed monitoring of the moth's biological cycle ecology and behaviour
while preserving the ecosystem in particular useful insects like pollinators. Lastly unlike the molecules in chemical plant-protection products viruses are able to mutate which limits the development of resistance in their host.
since 2006 been doing genetic agronomic and ecological studies: molecular analyses to describe the genetic structure of the pests a study of the impact of temperatures on their ecology by means of drones with thermal cameras#The aim is to get a better understanding of the insects'population dynamics
and define good practices to limit their proliferation. In this respect the researchers have developed methods like role-playing games to raise awareness among farmers.
Nerea Abrego-Antia and Isabel Salcedo-Larralde biologists in the Department of Plant Biology and Ecology of the UPV/EHU-University of the Basque Country have quantified recently this effect on fungi populations that live off dead
and the result has been published in the specialised journal Forest Ecology and Management. It is a journal of great quality pointed out Salcedo.
yet this one devotes attention to the ecological approach and has a more universal influence.
The works that analyse the ecological aspect have a greater impact and as far as we are concerned it is usually quite difficult to get them published.
But in this piece of work we paid great attention to the statistical and ecological aspect which has enabled us to get the paper published in such an important journal.
of ecosystems that support some of the planet's most spectacular yet little-known large mammals.
Ecological effects of the growth in goat herds include increasing conflicts with pastoralists predation by dogs on wildlife retaliatory killing of snow leopards and displacement of wildlife away from critical food habitats.
WCS has begun already to help tackle the problem by engaging with the Responsible Ecosystems Sourcing Platform (RESP) a public-private partnership initiative aimed at addressing sustainability issues from the beginning to the end of select supply chains
#Hunting pushing central African forests toward ecological collapsescientists from the Universities of Stirling Oxford Queensland
and the Wildlife Conservation Society warn that current hunting trends in Central African forests could result in complete ecological collapse.
and other seed-dispersing species threatens the ability of forest ecosystems to regenerate and that landscape-wide hunting management plans are needed to avoid an environmental catastrophe.
K. A. Abernethy of the African Forest Ecology Group of Stirling University; L. Coad of the University of Queensland and the University of Oxford;
and Fiona Maisels of the Wildlife Conservation Society and the African Forest Ecology Group. Humans have lived in the forests of Central africa for thousands of years until recently practicing subsistence hunting for the needs of their communities said Kate Abernethy lead author of the study.
and species that play important ecological functions are being driven to local extinction. The researchers conducted a review of more than 160 papers
The authors found troubling trends that threaten the very fabric of rainforest ecosystems. In particular mammals such as forest elephants gorillas forest antelopes and others play a major role in seed dispersal for most tree species;
and apex predators such as leopards in order to maintain intact ecosystems in Central africa. Otherwise the loss of wildlife will result in a disastrous spiral of forest degradation that will reduce the storage of carbon and the resilience of rainforests to climate change.
However severe ecological changes below the forest canopy driven by hunting are already occurring. The removal of seed-dispersing megafauna such as elephants
and a failure to properly manage grassland ecosystems according to a report from the European Environment Agency (EEA).
which together form around two thirds of the world's species. This means that butterflies are useful indicators of biodiversity and the general health of ecosystems.
and other insects--the pollination they carry out is essential for both natural ecosystems and agriculture.
It will also inform our understanding of how carbon storage can be used to assess other fundamental ecosystem characteristics such as hydrology habitat quality and biodiversity.
and diverse ecosystems (ranging from grasslands and mangroves to shrublands and dense forests). As a result Panama is an ideal laboratory to develop
It directly probes the ecosystem's physical structure which Carnegie scientists have repeatedly proven to be linked tightly to tropical carbon stocks.
and these new maps put the country at the forefront of high-resolution ecosystem management. said co-author
when pollinator species declineremove even one bumblebee species from an ecosystem and the impact is swift and clear:
We found that these wildflowers produce one-third fewer seeds in the absence of just one bumblebee species says Emory University ecologist Berry Brosi who led the study.
The National Science Foundation (NSF) funded the study co-authored by ecologist Heather Briggs of the University of California-Santa cruz. About 90 percent of plants need animals mostly insects to transfer pollen between them
Some studies have indicated that plants can tolerate losing most pollinator species in an ecosystem as long as other pollinators remain to take up the slack.
While previous research has shown how competition drives specialization within a species the bumblebee study is one of the first to link this mechanism back to the broader functioning of an ecosystem.
Our work shows why biodiversity may be key to conservation of an entire ecosystem Brosi says.
The National Science Foundation and a National parks Ecological Research Fellowship supported this research. Story Source:
The research team led by Toshichika Iizumi with the National Institute for Agro-Environmental sciences in Tsukuba Japan created
This loss of forests threatens the ecosystem and the livelihood of populations. Scientists suggest that the situation could be alleviated by using sustainable fuel instead of charcoal
and Environmental sciences said: Although concerns about arsenic in rice have been raised for some time now to our knowledge this is the first time a link between consumption of arsenic-bearing rice
The study-the first of its kind in the UK-is published today in the Journal of Applied Ecology.
The above story is provided based on materials by British Ecological Society (BES. Note: Materials may be edited for content and length.
There is a crisis in tropical forest ecosystems worldwide and our work documents the extent of the crisis on Malaysian Borneo.
Rainforests that previously contained lots of big old trees which store carbon and support a diverse ecosystem are being replaced with oil palm or timber plantations or hollowed out by logging.
Very few forest ecosystems remain intact in Sabah or Sarawak. But Brunei has excluded largely industrial logging from its borders
The situation in these tropical forests is now so severe that any further sacrifice of intact ecosystems to the logging industry should be off the table.
and the Department of Global Ecology at the Carnegie Institution for Science California. The CLASLITE capacity building project is made possible by the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation.
Even though the forests of the Guiana Shield have had among the lowest deforestation rates of the world with very little change over the past decades rapid economic and social changes are posing increasing pressures on these relatively wellconservedforest ecosystems.
and in their brains finds research in Biomed Central's open access journal BMC Ecology.
This essential ecosystem provides an important balance between health and disease in the body. Fructooligosaccharides also increase calcium absorption in the body an important consideration for pre-and postmenopausal women ages 45 and older who are losing critical bone mass that increases their risk for osteoporosis and bone fractures.
but there could be ecological disruption in fields because of the effects on reproduction. Lundgren and Duan suggest that researchers investigating the potential of interference RNA pesticides create types that are designed to be unlikely to affect non-target species. They also suggest a research program to evaluate how the chemicals move in real-life situations.
The study demonstrates the importance of bringing ecosystem services into decision-making and to make full use of the potential gains from working with the natural environment
Recasting the CAP as a Payment for Ecosystem Services mechanism would reward farmers for delivering a bundle of key of ecosystem services including climate change mitigation by the reduction of emission of greenhouse gases water regulation recreation and biodiversity conservation.
It is time to reward farmers for securing the vital ecosystem services that are valued highly by society.
since decades ecologists have suggested that these are important characteristics of successful plants. However it has also been suggested that species characteristics are less important as determinants of plant establishment success than other factors such as seed availability or environmental characteristics like dense vegetation.
and competition are relevant for plant establishment the response of many plants to those factors is measured rarely due to the large amount of work comments Markus Fischer professor of plant ecology at the University of Bern.
So we have only recently become aware of their roles in various ecosystems through cultivation-independent methods such as metagenomics and single-cell genomics.
This course correction provides insights into how organisms function in the context of a particular ecosystem as well as a much improved and more accurate understanding of the associations of newly discovered genes with resident life forms.
A large proportion of the ecosystems in the world are limited by water--they don't have enough water during the year to reach their maximum potential growth.
and changes in rainfall patterns will in coming decades have very negative consequences for plant growth in many ecosystems around the world..
and water are going into or out of the ecosystem. With more than 20 years of data the towers in the Harvard Forest--which have the longest continuous record in the world--are an invaluable resource for studying how forests have responded to changes in atmospheric carbon dioxide levels.
seven-year study findswind power development does not ruffle the feathers of greater prairie chicken populations according to the results of a seven-year study from a Kansas State university ecologist and his team.
Collaborators on the wind development project include Samantha Wisely associate professor of wildlife ecology and conservation at the University of Florida;
When the researchers in Michigan Tech's School of Forest Resources and Environmental science started looking at the question of how nitrogen--widely used as an agricultural fertilizer--affects root growth in plants their goal was to find ways to produce plants that require less nitrogen.
With most projections of future climate change people have emphasized the impact on high-latitude ecosystems
Pau conducted the research as part of the National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis (NCEAS) Forecasting Phenology Working group and with Elizabeth M. Wolkovich of the University of British columbia's Biodiversity Research Centre;
Christopher J. Nytch of the University of Puerto rico's Institute for Tropical Ecosystem Studies; James Regetz of the National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis;
Jess K. Zimmerman of the University of Puerto rico's Institute for Tropical Ecosystem Studies; and S. Joseph Wright of the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute.
Story Source: The above story is provided based on materials by Florida State university. Note: Materials may be edited for content and length.
The Framework Convention also calls for the sustainability of ecosystems and food production. All of this can scarcely be realised by the two-degree target alone.
They say that a global temperature target is neither sufficient nor suitable to avoid further damage that is relevant for communities and ecosystem services.
and Prof Damien Roussel at the Ecology of Natural and Man-impacted Hydrosystems laboratory in France looked for the first time at how the king penguin chicks'mitochondria in skeletal muscle the main heat producing tissue in birds function during fasting in the winter.
Yet it has been challenging to figure out how to sustain the many benefits people obtain from nature--so-called ecosystem services--in any given landscape
Two ecologists at the University of Wisconsin-Madison report this week (July 1) in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences a novel approach to analyzing the production
and location of 10 different ecosystem services across a landscape opening the door to being able to identify factors governing their synergies and tradeoffs.
We found that the main ecosystem services are not independent of each other. They interact spatially in very complex ways says Qiu lead author of the new study.
This paper is an initial assessment that gives us a picture of the spatial distribution of ecosystem services in contemporary times a starting point for comparison says Chris Kucharik a UW-Madison professor of agronomy and environmental studies
but we've shown that you can use the signature in animal tissues left over from nuclear weapons testing in the atmosphere to study modern ecology
Ted Turlings an author of the study and head of the Laboratory for Fundamental and Applied Research in Chemical Ecology Institute of Biology at the University of Neuchã¢tel Switzerland.
Michigan State university partnered with the Chinese Academy of Sciences has capitalized on their long history of research in the Wolong Nature Reserve to get a complete picture of the environmental and socioeconomic effects of payments for ecosystem services programs.
Performance and prospects of payments for ecosystem services programs: evidence from China has been published in the Journal of Environmental Management.
Payments for ecosystem services programs--programs in which people were given incentives to change their behavior so the forest around them could recover--have been an enormous effort in China and worldwide.
and understanding underlying mechanisms to enhance the performance of payments for ecosystem services programs. The article also notes that understanding some of the impacts raises questions for future policy--about
The work was supported by the National Science Foundation NASAMICHIGAN State university's Environmental science and Policy Program and Graduate Office.
Professor Svenning explains In the climate debate even researchers have had a tendency to overlook the fact that ecological dynamics can be slow.
or another and also for the researchers who are used to working with ecosystems that are balanced much more.
Plant life and ecosystems will become much more dynamic and often out of sync with the climate.
The study published in Forest Ecology and Management was done in a portion of the Metolius River watershed in the eastern Cascade range of Oregon
A decade after this fire there was almost no tree regeneration at lower drier sites said Erich Dodson a researcher with the OSU Department of Forest Ecosystems and Society.
If trees do fail to regenerate it could further reduce ecosystem carbon storage and amplify the greenhouse effect the study said.
or below background levels and no samples exceeded concentrations of ecological or human health concern. The study was funded by the USDA Forest Service Region 5. Story Source:
Southwest Research Station (PSW) University of California Davis University of California Berkeley and the Integral Ecology Research center.
By increasing the number of animals that die from supposedly natural causes these pesticides may be tipping the balance of recovery for fishers says Dr. Craig Thompson a PSW wildlife ecologist and the study's lead author.
and communicates science needed to sustain forest ecosystems and other benefits to society. It has research facilities in California Hawai'i and the U s.-affiliated Pacific Islands.
Southwest Research Station (PSW) University of California Davis University of California Berkeley and the Integral Ecology Research center.
By increasing the number of animals that die from supposedly natural causes these pesticides may be tipping the balance of recovery for fishers says Dr. Craig Thompson a PSW wildlife ecologist and the study's lead author.
and communicates science needed to sustain forest ecosystems and other benefits to society. It has research facilities in California Hawai'i and the U s.-affiliated Pacific Islands.
Their study which measured differences in energy demands at the household level appears in the ACS journal Environmental science & Technology.
In addition to their cultural and ecological significance they're economically important both from a livestock perspective and from a tourism perspective.
The study is an offshoot of Craine's ecology research with the Konza Prairie Biological Station
and other human related barriers according to Joshua Lawler UW associate professor of environmental and forestry sciences and lead author of a paper appearing June 19 online in Ecology Letters.
study showsa new study shows that the predator-prey relationship can affect the flow of carbon through an ecosystem.
and spiders--herbivores and predators in the study's food chain--and how it affects the movement of carbon through a grassland ecosystem.
We're discovering that predators are having important effects on shaping the make-up of ecosystems says Dr. Oswald Schmitz professor of ecology
The researchers manipulated the food chains of grassland ecosystem to see how the levels of carbon would change over time.
Dr. Schmitz and his team created several controlled ecosystems: some that contained only native grasses and herbs others that had plants
This has significance for biodiversity conservation and ecosystem management. Although the study was carried out on a small scale it could inform practices done in much larger areas.
Other contributors to the paper were CSIS members Thomas Dietz professor of environmental science and policy sociology and animal studies;
and former CSIS doctoral students Wei Liu now a postdoctoral fellow at IIASA in Laxenburg Austria Mao-Ning Tuanmu now a postdoctoral researcher at the Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology
Overtext Web Module V3.0 Alpha
Copyright Semantic-Knowledge, 1994-2011