Tropes

ScienceDaily_2013 08886.txt

#Virus to control potato mothnew biological insecticides have emerged in recent years which make use of so-called entomopathogenic viruses that are harmful to insects in particular the baculovirus. To identify the virus in this family that will most effectively control the Guatemalan potato moth The french-Ecuadorian research team have analysed the pathogens among moths from all over the world. And the winner is#the granulosis virus or granulovirus which appears to be the most widespread. The researchers detected it in moths from twelve different countries. Moreover it has the widest activity spectrum: it also attacks five other tuber pests. The researchers then did a laboratory test of a formula based on this virus. The result was as efficient as chemical products: it produces a mortality rate among Guatemalan potato moth larvae of more than 98%!%Slow action#Pulverised on the surface of potatoes or the eggs of the invasive species the granulovirus contaminates the larvae through ingestion. It then spreads through the digestive tract and to the entire organism of the host causing a lethal infection within two or three days. The action is therefore relatively slow compared to chemical insecticides that have an immediate effect upon contact. Its use also requires expert knowledge and detailed monitoring of the moth's biological cycle ecology and behaviour which could hold back its deployment for biological control.##but assured benefitsnevertheless such a biopesticide has many advantages and is a worthwhile alternative to chemical insecticides which are still the primary method used by farmers in Ecuador. Phytosanitary products are toxic for the environment and potentially for the user as well. Using biological pesticides that rapidly degrade in the environment would reduce the risks of pollution. Another advantage of baculoviruses is that they are innocuous to man vertebrae and plants. Moreover each viral strain attacks a very limited number of insect species. This host specificity means that the Guatemalan potato moth can be targeted while preserving the ecosystem in particular useful insects like pollinators. Lastly unlike the molecules in chemical plant-protection products viruses are able to mutate which limits the development of resistance in their host. Need for an integrated control strategyfor efficient control of the Guatemalan potato moth the use of this viral pesticide must therefore necessarily form part of an integrated control strategy. To this end The french-Ecuadorian team has since 2006 been doing genetic agronomic and ecological studies: molecular analyses to describe the genetic structure of the pests a study of the impact of temperatures on their ecology by means of drones with thermal cameras#The aim is to get a better understanding of the insects'population dynamics and define good practices to limit their proliferation. In this respect the researchers have developed methods like role-playing games to raise awareness among farmers. Recent surveys have shown their efficiency on a regional scale (Ecuador Peru and Bolivia. Training remains a key element in efficient crop-pest management. Story Source: The above story is provided based on materials by Institut de Recherche pour le D veloppement (IRD. Note: Materials may be edited for content and length. Journal Reference n

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