because the sugar gave them extra energy to handle the burden of pregnancy --but then had lower reproductive rates as the study progressed partly
Now the range of that cycle is expanding as more carbon dioxide is emitted from burning fossil fuels
The National Science Foundation (NSF) along with the U s. Department of energy the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) the National Oceanic and Atmospheric administration (NOAA) and the Office of Naval Research funded the study.
but not as much as previously thought said the study's lead author climate researcher Steve Smith of the Department of energy's Pacific Northwest National Laboratory.
Methane the main component of natural gas is released from leaking pipelines coal mines oil wells cattle rice paddies and landfills.
and the economy including energy and land use. The model also incorporates greenhouse gases and pollutants that can result from those activities.
And all wood-and biomass-burning stoves were replaced with cleaner modern stoves that use electricity or natural gas for energy.
PNNL's computer model used in this research GCAM is supported by the Department of energy. Story Source: The above story is provided based on materials by DOE/Pacific Northwest National Laboratory.
Note: Materials may be edited for content and length. Journal Reference e
#Irrigation in arid regions can increase malaria risk for a decadenew irrigation systems in arid regions benefit farmers
and oil spillssome time around 37000 BCE a massive volcano erupted in the Campanian region of Italy blanketing much of Europe with ash stunting plant growth
and the oil spilling underwater in the 2010 Deepwater horizon disaster. In all these events a fluid rises into a density-stratified environment like the atmosphere or the ocean.
Predicting Ash and Oil Flowsbaines thinks his work could be used to estimate how much ash is pouring out of a volcano
or how fast oil is gushing from a hole in the sea floor. Baines is now working with volcanologists in Britain to apply his model to historic eruptions like the Campanian event
but the increased fuel load and emissions from weed infestations could make it unfeasible. Dr Vanessa Adams says that late dry season wildfires in Australia's tropical north generate about 3%of the country's annual greenhouse gas emissions so strategic burning could be an important abatement activity.
But when native savannas are invaded by weeds such as gamba grass fuel loads are increased dramatically and fires can burn up to five times hotter than a native wildfire Dr Adams said.
As of Aug 8 this year wildfires have burned more than 2. 5 million acres in the United states. Large wildfires are driven mainly by natural factors including the availability of fuel (vegetation) wind and ignition sources from lightning and humans.
and become fuel for fires. So while it may be warmer it is the shift from snow to rain that increases fire risk said Jeff Eidenshink fire science team lead with the USGS EROS facility.
which will provide information on fire fuels active fires aerosols and climate: all pieces of the wildfire puzzle.
If acoustic waves--such as the intense shock waves from an explosion--hit the two-dimensional material at a right angle much of their energy can be converted to surface waves that travel sideways out of the material.
or canola oil supplemental lipids from algae sources and amino acid supplements such as taurine. An amino acid used in energy drinks taurine plays a critical role in the metabolism of fats stress responses
and muscle growth and is found in high levels in carnivorous fish and their prey.
Hydroflourocarbons or HFCS have replaced largely CFCS as refrigerants aerosol propellants and other products. While HFCS are ozone-safe they too are powerful greenhouse gases that have become a concern as world leaders grapple with climate change.
Indeed Norris added that continuing the fossil fuel economy even for decades magnifies the period of climate instability.
An abrupt halt to fossil fuel use at current levels would limit the period of future climate instability to less than 1000 years before climate largely returns to preindustrial norms.
But if fossil fuel use stays on its current trajectory until the end of this century then the climate effects begin to resemble those of the PETM with major ecological changes lasting for 20000 years
Consider the 2. 5 billion people who lack access to modern energy resources. This energy poverty means they lack fundamental benefits for illumination cooking
and transportation and they're more susceptible to extreme weather disasters. Increased energy access will improve their quality of life
--and in some cases their chances of survival--but will increase global energy consumption and possibly hasten warming.
Diffenbaugh said that the range of climate projections offered in the report can inform decision-makers about the risks that different levels of climate change pose for ecosystems.
while also ensuring access to the benefits of energy consumption. Story Source: The above story is provided based on materials by Stanford university.
and fuel were reallocated to directly produce food for people. To get at that question Cassidy and colleagues first mapped the extent
The data provided by this series of photographs will help us understand how the Titan arum uses thermal energy to attract pollinators said Taber.
The enormous amount of energy expended during this process limits the time the Titan can bloom which explains why it only blooms for a couple of days
In the runaway greenhouse stage a planet absorbs more solar energy than it can give off to retain equilibrium.
which omega-3-deficient oils like corn and soy oil became prevalent and farm animals moved from eating grass to grain.
The world needs to unhook itself from its ever increasing reliance on synthetic nitrogen fertilisers produced from fossil fuels with its high economic costs its pollution of the environment and its high energy costs.
The discovery that regulation of the Shell gene will enable breeders to boost palm oil yields by nearly one-third is excellent news for the rainforest
and its champions worldwide says Datuk Dr. Choo Yuen May the Director General of the Malaysian Palm oil Board (MPOB) an agency of the Malaysian federal government.
and oil yield explains Dr. Rajinder Singh of the MPOB first author of the Nature paper describing the Shell gene.
Palm oil also has the best energy balance of any commercial product currently used in biofuel applications yielding about 9 times the energy required to produce it according to Dr. Martienssen.
Tenera palms contain one mutant and one normal version or allele of Shell an optimum combination that results in 30%more oil per land area than dura palms.
Accurate genotyping for enhanced oil yields will optimize and help stabilize the acreage devoted to oil palm plantations providing an opportunity for the conservation of rainforest reserves Martienssen explains.
The government halted the conversion of new forest land for agriculture including palm oil in the 1990s.
To meet increased demand for palm oil the government converted colonial rubber and cocoa plantations to oil palm plantations.
It comprises nearly 35000 genes including the full set of oil biosynthesis genes and other transcriptional regulators highly expressed in the oil-rich palm fruit.
The researchers also created a draft sequence of the South american oil palm E. oleifera. Both palm species are in the Arecaceae family of flowering plants which fossil evidence dates to the Cretaceous period an estimated 140 to 200 million years ago.
In a peer-reviewed literature review published this summer in the Nestle Nutritional Institution Workshop Series OSU researcher Melinda Manore looked at the benefits of teaching athletes how to consume what she calls a low-energy-dense diet or high
Doing that also means they don't have the energy to exercise or they feel tired
It's important she said to adopt a low-energy-dense diet which includes a large amount of fruits vegetables whole grains lean meat fish
We reconstructed the fire history by picking charcoal fragments out of sediments preserved over thousands of years said University of Illinois doctoral student Ryan Kelly who led the study with Illinois plant biology professor Feng Sheng Hu.
The researchers looked at the charcoal and pollen content of mud collected from the bottoms of 14 deep lakes in the Yukon Flats.
The solar steam sterilization system uses nanomaterials to convert as much as 80 percent of the energy in sunlight into germ-killing heat.
In a previous study last year Halas and colleagues showed that solar steam was so effective at direct conversion of solar energy into heat that it could even produce steam from ice water.
The technology has an overall energy efficiency of 24 percent. Photovoltaic solar panels by comparison typically have an overall energy efficiency of around 15 percent.
When used in the autoclaves in the tests the heat and pressure created by the steam were sufficient to kill not just living microbes but also spores and viruses.
A pioneering study of African savannas by the University of Edinburgh has revealed deforestation in south-central Africa driven by rising populations in the aftermath of war and increasing demand for trees for agriculture and fuel.
Scientists suggest that the situation could be alleviated by using sustainable fuel instead of charcoal and ending the practice of burning forests to support agriculture and livestock.
In the absence of contamination rice is stored an easily food that provides essential energy vitamins
CERN the European Organization for Nuclear Research announced in Switzerland this morning that researchers on two separate LHC experiments have succeeded in measuring one of the rarest measurable processes in physics the decay of B
and dark energy he said. She's waving dark matter and energy in front of us. We know it's there;
we know it has to exist. Story Source: The above story is provided based on materials by Rice university.
experts saythe U s. Department of energy has announced that it wants to establish minimum energy efficiency standards for all computers
and greenhouse gas emissions sharply with off-the-shelf equipment and proven energy management practices. Most big data centers the global backbone of the Internet could slash their greenhouse gas emissions by 88 percent by switching to efficient off-the-shelf equipment and improving energy management according to new research.
The carbon emissions generated by a search on Google or a post on Facebook are related mostly to three things:
and in some cases to be as high as 80 percent said Koomey a research fellow at Stanford university's Steyer-Taylor Center for Energy Policy
and operate the equipment are often not accountable for energy costs or efficiency--a major institutional barrier to sustainable computing.
and the energy management practices are understood well. This principal-agent problem applies elsewhere in energy too.
Who designs and builds your cable box? The cable company. Who pays the electric bill? You do said Koomey.
State-of-the-art data centers have reduced the ratio to about 1 to 0. 1 kwh said study co-author Arman Shehabi of Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory's Environmental Energy Technologies Division.
Of the potential 88 percent reduction in greenhouse gas emissions though IT device efficiency accounts for about 80 percent and facility energy management for only about 8 percent.
and solar power plus green handling of retired equipment can get a typical data center's emissions down 98 percent.
Policymakers and environmental organizations however tend to focus on the third option--renewable energy which the study finds to be misplaced a priority.
For data centers as for all uses of energy efficiency is always the first thing to do. It's cheapest
So high-energy data centers that pay their utilities a premium for renewable power unnecessarily tie up low-carbon electrons that might otherwise be used to reduce emissions from other customers.
#Climate change could deprive Volta Basin of water needed to boost energy and food productiona new study released today finds that so much water may be lost in the Volta River basin due to climate change that planned hydroelectric projects to boost energy
and food production may only tread water in keeping up with actual demand. Some 24 million people in Ghana Burkina faso and four other neighboring countries depend on the Volta River and its tributaries as their principal source of water.
which is expected to add 400 megawatts of power to Ghana's strained power grid along with 30000 hectares of irrigated farmland.
But he said there are enough warning signs in the data that decision-makers need to be thinking of a more resilient mix of options for energy
For example the study suggests considering a broader mix of renewable energy sources including wind and solar.
Calculations were performed on the National Science Foundation-supported Davinci supercomputer at Rice the National Institute for Computational Sciences'Kraken and the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center's Hopper.
The metric called Risk Weighted Cumulative Exposure (RWE) can capture players'exposure to the risk of concussion over the course of a football season by measuring the frequency
and practices the researchers used RWE to measure the cumulative risk of injury due to linear and rotational acceleration separately as well as the combined probability of injury associated with both.
The challenge for scientists is to develop robust water purification methods that could carry out water treatment at low cost with minimal energy consumption
#Monitoring nutrient intake can help vegetarian athletes stay competitivea balanced plant-based diet provides the same quality of fuel for athletes as a meat-based diet provided vegetarians seek out other sources
and energy intake is wrote adequate Ghosh in his presentation. Vegetarians should find non-meat sources of iron creatine zinc Vitamin b12 Vitamin d
In fact you're going to be oxidizing protein for energy production. Story Source: The above story is provided based on materials by Institute of Food Technologists (IFT.
Maize is at the center of global food security as increasing demands for meat fuel uses
It is used as a basic raw material in producing starch oil protein alcohol food sweeteners and as a dietary staple.
which is funded by the Department of energy. In February Kono L onard and colleagues described a new method for making photodetectors from carpets of carbon nanotubes--long narrow tubes of pure carbon that are about as wide as a strand of DNA.
The research was supported by the Lockheed martin Advanced Nanotechnology Center of Excellence at Rice university the National Science Foundation the Department of energy the Welch Foundation and the National Institute for Nano Engineering and the Laboratory Directed Research and development
#Chew more to retain more energyalmonds may still be considered one of the highest energy food sources
Particle size has bioaccessibility of the energy of the food that is being consumed said Dr. Richard Mattes (CQ) professor of foods and nutrition at Purdue University West Lafayette Ind.
when making energy food choices. Mattes shared a recent study with conference attendees in which study subjects chewed almonds 10 times 25 times
or 40 times and their fecal fat and energy lost by the number of chews were measured.
Mixed fibers from fruits vegetables and whole grains also topped the charts as high energy sources he added.
Fiber binds with fatty acids to create energy sources in the body. Dr. Roger Clemens (CQ) chief scientific officer of Horn Company of La Mirada Calif. and an adjunct professor of pharmacology and pharmaceutical sciences within the USC School of Pharmacy
explained in his abstract that scientists today continue to estimate the measurements of energy derived from foods based on calculations created over 125 years ago by Wilbur O. Atwater (CQ) a USDA agricultural chemist who published his findings from more than 200 dietary
Clemens did acknowledge many variables can impact how efficiently the body extracts energy from plant-based foods
and ingredients could contribute to more appropriate energy values and more accurate product labeling. We may see a resurgence of digestibility studies in humans rather than relying on estimates by Atwater that we have been doing for a number of years said Malden Nesheim (CQ) provost emeritus and professor of nutrition emeritus Cornell University Ithaca NY.
Wickham added that in December 2012 the European union published new regulations on food energy guidelines
These included fruit vegetables fish and meat as well as high-energy snack foods like chocolates nuts and chips and fruit drinks including fruit squash.
They also identified new factors including high intake of high energy snacks and sugar-sweetened drinks.
In an international collaboration led by the U s. Department of energy Joint Genome Institute (DOE JGI) the most recent findings from exploring microbial dark matter were published online July 14 2013 in the journal Nature.
and Clark's expedition to open the American West said Eddy Rubin DOE JGI Director.
This is a powerful example of how the DOE JGI pioneers discovery in that we can take a high throughput approach to isolating
Microbes are the most abundant and diverse forms of life On earth said Tanja Woyke DOE JGI Microbial Program Head and senior author on the Nature publication.
Microbial genome representation in the databases is skewed quite said Chris Rinke DOE JGI postdoctoral fellow and first author of the study.
Phil Hugenholtz Director of the Australian Centre for Ecogenomics at The University of Queensland a former DOE JGI researcher and another one of the paper's authors reinforced the motivation for taking on this expedition
The Nature publication Insights into the phylogeny and coding potential of microbial dark matter builds upon a DOE JGI pilot project the Genomic Encyclopedia of Bacteria and Archaea GEBA:
http://www. jgi. doe. gov/programs/GEBA/)and closely articulates with other international efforts such as the Microbial Earth Project which aims to generate a comprehensive genome catalog of all archaeal and bacterial
http://bit. ly/GEBA-MDMJOINING the DOE JGI in authorship on the MDM paper are researchers from Bielefeld University Germany the University of California Davis the University of Technology Sydney
The above story is provided based on materials by DOE/Joint Genome Institute. Note: Materials may be edited for content and length.
With the collection of additional ENAS over the first year of observations a structure dominated by lower energy ENAS emerged
and two similar low-energy ENA structures became clearly visible straddling the downwind direction of the heliosphere indicating structures that better resemble lobes than a single unified tail.
#Wind power does not strongly affect greater prairie chickens, seven-year study findswind power development does not ruffle the feathers of greater prairie chicken populations according to the results of a seven-year study from a Kansas State university ecologist and his team.
With the arrival of wind energy projects in Kansas and throughout the Plains Sandercock and his team were part of a consortium of stakeholders--including conservationists wildlife agencies
and wind energy companies--who studied how these wind projects influence grassland birds. We had a lot of buy in from stakeholders
The research will certainly aid with wind power site guidelines and with the development of mitigation strategies to enhance habitat conditions for the greater prairie chicken.
site--the Meridian Way Wind power Facility near Concordia--was developed into a wind energy site which gave researchers the opportunity to observe greater prairie chickens before during and after wind turbine construction.
We don't have evidence for really strong effects of wind power on prairie chickens or their reproduction Sandercock said.
because similar studies have shown that oil and gas development affect prairie chickens Sandercock said. With wind power development the researchers had unexpected the result of female survival rates increasing after wind turbines were installed potentially
because wind turbines may keep predators away from nest sites. Female mortality rates are highest during the breeding season
The project received funding from a variety of sources including the U s. Department of energy; the National Renewable Energy Laboratory;
the Kansas Department of Wildlife Parks and Tourism; the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation; and The Nature Conservancy.
But as a proof of concept the chip shows it should be possible to surpass the limitations of flash memory in packing density energy consumption per bit
The devices have proven to be robust with a high on/off ratio of about 10000 to 1 over the equivalent of 10 years of use low-energy consumption and even the capability for multibit switching
But they're massive compared with the petroleum-based pitch used in current carbon fiber.
Sheng Yang He a Howard Hughes Medical Institute-Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation Investigator and an MSU University Distinguished Professor in the DOE Plant Research Laboratory and Plant
and energy are in short supply highlighting that the environment is often overexploited and used unsustainably.
expert saysfossil fuel companies have been funding smear campaigns that raise doubts about climate change writes John Sauven in the latest issue of Index on Censorship magazine.
And as in the tobacco wars the fight over clean energy is likely to be a dirty one.
when fossil fuels are burned. The researchers have used now extensive model calculations to show which levels of CO2 emissions would still be allowable
#Surviving fasting in the coldking penguin chicks survive harsh winters with almost no food by minimising the cost of energy production.
however they experience a severe energy challenge during the cold sub-Antarctic winter when food is not readily available.
This indicates that less substrate/oxygen was consumed to produce the same amount of energy in the form of ATP showing that mitochondria from fasted chicks adjust its functioning to minimize the cost of energy production.
This study shows how king penguins are able to produce heat to survive the cold without depleting their energy stores an essential mechanism to survive the cold
Fasting in the cold represents a bioenergetics trade-off between sparing energy for body maintenance
and dissipating energy for heat production and endothermy maintenance. In this challenging context chicks develop a whole range of energy sparing mechanisms (social huddling behaviour reduction in muscle activity
and basal metabolic rate short period of hypothermia and high thermal insulation) that lead to reduce the energy allocated to heat production and growth.
Story Source: The above story is provided based on materials by Society for Experimental Biology. Note: Materials may be edited for content and length h
Genes involved in regulating energy to run cells were affected also. Such changes are known to reduce the lifespan of the most widely studied insect the common fruit fly
Biogas recovery systems are used in processing facilities to produce energy from animal waste. Animal waste is collected in lagoons where the gas is captured.
The gas is transported through an internal combustion area that produces energy for heat and electricity. I expect there to be more improvement as we continue be more efficient continue to do more with less
and teeth by open-air nuclear bomb tests the method reveals the year an animal died
How the Study Was Performedneutrons from the nuclear tests bombarded nitrogen--the atmosphere's most common gas--to turn some of it into carbon-14.
but open-air nuclear tests in the 1950s and 1960s sharply increased atmospheric plant and animal carbon-14 levels followed by a steady decline ever since.
So the test can identify pre-1955 ivory by its low pre-nuclear-test levels of carbon-14.
and elaborating on what children already know about different nutrition-related themes including dietary variety digestion food categories microscopic nutrients and nutrients as fuel for biological functions.
Their study which measured differences in energy demands at the household level appears in the ACS journal Environmental science & Technology.
Dominik Saner and colleagues point out that the energy people use to power their homes and to satisfy their mobility needs accounts for more than 70 percent of emissions of carbon dioxide the main greenhouse gas involved in global climate change.
and cars that release carbon dioxide into the atmosphere Saner and his team decided to take a close look at the other end of the equation--how energy consumption for housing
(which use energy for heating lighting and cooling) and long commutes in private vehicles. If their emissions could be halved the total emissions of the community would be reduced by 25 percent the scientists concluded.
The authors acknowledge funding from the Competence Center for Energy & Mobility and Swisselectric Research.
reduce energy costs; and making cities more livable. Simply put our urban forests improve people's lives.
Since it's mostly local residents who chop down the trees for firewood or to build homes enlisting locals has been identified as the best way to increase forest cover.
The researchers fed two groups of pregnant sheep corn oil either with nothing added to it
and is converted to energy for the ants says Frank Aylward a bacteriology graduate student and researcher with the Great lakes Bioenergy Research center.
Aylward is the lead author of a study identifying new fungal enzymes that could help break down cellulosic--or non-food--biomass for processing to fuel.
Building on Aylward's previous study of these gardens the researchers relied on genome sequencing provided by the U s. Department of energy Joint Genome Institute (JGI)
and bacteria says Garret Suen co-author of the study and a UW-Madison assistant professor of bacteriology and Wisconsin Energy Institute researcher.
In addition to providing nitrogen and key vitamins the bacteria appear to help the fungus access energy-rich cellulose by breaking apart other plant polymers that encase it such as hemicellulose.
The strong resemblance to a small city drives home the point that energy production in such a meticulously coordinated system would be difficult to replicate in a lab or a biorefinery.
Overtext Web Module V3.0 Alpha
Copyright Semantic-Knowledge, 1994-2011