Expending energy to fight infectionnematodes puncture an animal's gut and can impede the absorption of nutrients.
Tolerant animals might invest energy in gut repair but would then be expected to incur costs.
Lauren Quinn an invasive plant ecologist at U of I's Energy Biosciences Institute recognized that most of the news about invasive biofuel crops was negative
Co-authors include Elise Scott and James Mccubbins from the Energy Biosciences Institute A. Bryan Endres and Thomas Voigt from the University of Illinois and Jacob Barney from Virginia Tech.
and imidacloprid are inhibitors of mitochondrial bioenergetics resulting in depleted cell energy. This action can explain the toxicity of these compounds for honeybees.
Honeybee flight muscles are strongly dependent on high levels of oxygen consumption and energy metabolism. Mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation drives ATP synthesis which is required to contract the muscles during flight.
If something goes wrong the energy production is impaired explains Nicodemo. Similar to a plane honeybees require clean fuel in order to fly.
Their study of fruit flies and honey bees shows a direct causal link between brain metabolism (how the brain generates the energy it needs to function) and aggression.
These genes play a key role in the most efficient type of energy generation in cells a process called oxidative phosphorylation.
You tend to think of aggression as requiring more energy not less. In the new study postdoctoral researcher Clare Rittschof used drugs to suppress key steps in oxidative phosphorylation in the bee brains.
and are the energy storehouses of the brain Robinson said. The findings offer insight into the immediate and longer-term changes that occur in response to threats Robinson said.
Being able to track energy intake and getting personalized feedback on diet have been linked to greater weight loss
The researchers use their energy landscape theory to determine the path an unfolded strand of amino acids takes as it collapses into a final functional protein.
I told him there's a very important feature of the viral system that would be ideal for his energy landscape approach.
Energy landscape theory predicts how a protein will fold no matter how fast it happens. In the case of hemagglutinin the unfolding and refolding happens in seconds.
By using the experimental structural information from X-ray crystallography to approximate the full energy landscape of hemagglutinin the researchers can now capture a rough picture of the steps involved in its reconfiguration including the point at
At high temperatures the pulse of energy revealed no underlying order. The temporary collective anisotropic order occurred only in the brief temperature interval prior to the onset of magnetism where the anisotropic resistance had previously been measured.
Jacobson the director of Stanford's Atmosphere/Energy Program and a senior fellow at the Woods Institute for the Environment and the Precourt Institute for Energy said almost 8. 5 billion tons of atmospheric carbon dioxide
or brown carbon particles Jacobson said the carbon absorbs the light energy creating heat and accelerating evaporation of the droplet.
And again because those surfaces are dark they absorb even more thermal energy from the sunlight establishing an ongoing amplification process.
and lumber waste for energy production. Such power generation often is promoted as a sustainable alternative to burning fossil fuels.
and converted to energy on a cyclic basis . But the thermal and pollution effects of its combustion--in any form--can't be discounted Jacobson said.
Thus the increased use of clean energy sources that do not emit either greenhouse gases
and by the U s. Department of energy (DOE). More crops needed worldwideglobal yields of crops such as corn and wheat have increased typically by about 1-2 percent per year in recent decades
and DOE) as well as several other models to provide trends in temperature and precipitation over the next two decades for crop-intensive regions under a scenario of increasing carbon dioxide.
It's an approach to climate action that should be right up there with REDD+or increasing energy efficiency.
and carbon sequestration said Jennifer Morgan Director Climate and Energy Program WRI. When it comes to tackling climate change land rights must be on the list of tools we use.
Gloomy scales suck sap from trees removing nutrients and energy. This reduces tree growth and can eventually kill trees.
After cultivating the plants with these temperature differences for 30 days the researchers measured photosynthetic energy dissipation and conducted aboveground biochemical and biomass analyses.
and net radiation--defined as the amount of energy from the sun that is absorbed by the land minus the amount reflected back into the atmosphere by Earth's surface.
Another disadvantage is the high levels of radiant heat energy produced by high-pressure sodium lamps; up to 75%of the energy from HPS lamps that is not converted to light is emitted as radiant heat energy causing the surface of the lamps to reach temperatures as high as 450â°C. To prevent leaves from scorching from exposure to the high heat plants must be separated from the HPS lamps.
Light-emitting diodes (LEDS) can offer growers benefits such as higher energy efficiencies and a longer operating life. To determine whether the use of narrow-spectra high-intensity LEDS is can be a practicable supplemental lighting source for greenhouse grown annual bedding plant seedlings researchers Wesley Randall
and Roberto Lopez from Purdue University designed a series of lighting experiments on plugs of Antirrhinum Catharanthus Celosia Impatiens Pelargonium Petunia Tagetes Salvia and Viola.
although blue LEDS have a higher electrical conversion efficiency compared with red LEDS blue light is a higher energy light
which increases energy consumption as higher proportions of blue are used. Story Source: The above story is provided based on materials by American Society for Horticultural Science.
when woodrats didn't get transplants of creosote-detoxifying microbes their urine was more acidic suggesting their livers expended a lot of energy to degrade creosote toxins.
The researchers looked specifically at an energy storage tissue in bees called the fat body
and less energy reserves (in the form of lipids stored in the fat body) than their hive-bound nest mates--making the foragers much more dependent on a carbohydrate-rich diet Robinson said.
The expression of stress tolerance genes may be an energy burden on the plant if the functions of these genes are required not.
That's an expensive and energy-intensive step designed to prevent pollution of surface-and ground-waters.
It can be manufactured at room temperature has an extremely low forming voltage high on-off ratio low power consumption nine-bit capacity per cell exceptional switching speeds and excellent cycling endurance.
and energy constraints involved when flying at low temperatures. A new source of variability concerning the effects of pesticidesthe scientists now need to explore the complexity of these environmental and toxicological interactions.
and in the fusion process the star emits radiation in the form of light that is energy.
and no more energy can be extracted the star dies and giant clouds of gas are slung out into space where they are recycled into new stars in a vast cosmic cycle.
Ministry of Ecology Energy Sustainable Development and the Sea among other institutions. Story Source: The above story is provided based on materials by Universidad de Barcelona.
but the risks and energy costs to the eavesdroppers apparently aren't worth the trouble.
and energy the eavesdropper could otherwise spend looking for an unoccupied food source explains Lichtenberg.
and the bees accompanying her have wasted essentially energy. For attacks between colonies of the same species there is also a risk that the conflict will escalate to physical interactions in
Using mathematical modeling we determined that many of the manta rays we encountered took around 80 percent of their energy from lagoon plankton Mccauley said.
and energy to manta rays highlights the need to motivate management interventions in lagoons. Other tools in the researchers'arsenal were high-resolution tracking
The research paper titled The impact of nutritional labels and socioeconomic status on energy intake.
and energy) are a significant portion of the nursery variable operation costs. Thus a more efficient use of these environmentally sensitive inputs cannot only reduce production costs for the nursery
In Brazil the demand for alternative energy sources has led to an increase in biofuel crops. A new News and Views paper in Nature Climate Change co-authored by Woods Hole Research center scientists Marcia Macedo
agriculture river floods coasts tourism energy droughts forest fires transport infrastructure and human health. The report also includes a pilot study on habitat suitability of forest tree species. Connie Hedegaard European Commissioner for Climate Action said:
Taking action and taking a decision on the 2030 climate and energy framework in October will bring us just there
Secondly there would be associated benefits with lower EU energy imports as a 2â°C scenario would lead to a substantial reduction in net energy imports in the EU. Thirdly the additional benefits due to lower air pollution of the 2â
In the overall context of a healthy diet energy reduction is the way to help lose weight so to reduce weight you have to reduce caloric intake Kaiser said.
In high-energy drinks for example consumers are seeking a high level of caffeine and yet caffeine can be very bitter.
Food manufacturers often add a high-intensity sweetener to energy drinks and because the brain has a preference for sweetness it diminishes the perception of bitterness.
A new resource for advanced biofuels researchresearchers at the U s. Department of energy (DOE)' s Joint Bioenergy Institute (JBEI) have unveiled the first glycosyltransferase clone collection specifically targeted for the study of the biosynthesis of plant cell walls.
This research was funded by the U s. Department of energy's Office of Science. Story Source: The above story is provided based on materials by DOE/Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory.
Note: Materials may be edited for content and length. Journal Reference e
#Habitat loss, not poison, better explains grassland bird declinecontrary to recent well-publicized research habitat loss not insecticide use continues to be the best explanation for the declines in grassland bird populations
The brash left behind after felling contains enormous quantities of energy. But it's a low-value fuel
SINTEF Energy which is running the project is getting assistance from several international partners. Among them are professors Michael Jerry Antal from Hawaii and Gabor Varhegyi from Hungary.
From one to thousands of units of energy This is all because charcoal can be used for much more than just grilling sausages on the barbecue.
One biomass unit of energy in results in thousands of units of energy out in the form of electricity produced by the solar cell during its lifetime.
It is produced there using the old-fashioned method with a low utilisation ratio of the energy in the timber used to make the charcoal.
If we could manufacture charcoal here with a much better energy yield and of a higher quality then it could be financially worthwhile.
and has a high energy density providing even and stable combustion. That would help to make the energy installations using this type of fuel more profitable.
We in our living rooms could use this kind of fuel in appliances like wood-burning stoves.
Peak load is the portion of energy production from a bioenergy installation that cannot be covered by the plant's primary source of fuel on the coldest days.
so that it will contain as much as possible of the biomass's energy. It must be of a quality that is good enough to use as a reducing agent in the metal industry and as a fuel.
but we are still trailing behind the target of doubling the use of bio-energy.
so a team of researchers led by the US Department of energy Joint Genome Institute (DOE JGI) deployed high throughput DNA sequencing
and some produce little methane said DOE JGI Director Eddy Rubin. The study shows that it is purely the microbiota responsible for the difference.
Rumen metagenome DNA samples collected on two occasions from the 10 sheep were sequenced at the DOE JGI generating 50 billion bases of data each.
The above story is provided based on materials by DOE/Joint Genome Institute. Note: Materials may be edited for content and length.
Using teams of small specialised agricultural robots instead of the currently used heavy machinery can result in lower soil compaction leading to energy savings but also in more robust systems in the case of technical failures.
Gerald Tuskan of the Oak ridge National Laboratory and the Bioenergy Science Center and U s. Department of energy Joint Genome Institute (DOE JGI;
Dan Rokhsar of the DOE JGI and Jeremy Schmutz of the DOE JGI and the Hudsonalpha Institute for Biotechnology.
A major challenge for achieving a sustainable energy future is our understanding of the molecular basis of superior growth
for the Department of energy their energy-rich cellulosic biomass makes them one of the principal candidate biomass energy crops.
By comparison Eucalyptus has three times the number of tandem repeat genes present in poplar the first tree sequenced (by the DOE JGI and published on the cover of the journal Science in 2006.
The extensive catalog of genes contributed by the team will allow breeders to adapt Eucalyptus trees for sustainable energy production in regions such as the U s. Southeast where it cannot currently be grown.
The above story is provided based on materials by DOE/Joint Genome Institute. Note: Materials may be edited for content and length.
Jeffrey Kahl then-director of environmental and energy strategies at James Sewall Company. Researchers analyzed data collected since 1991 at 31 sites in Maine New hampshire Vermont Massachusetts Rhode island and southern New york and 43 sites in the Adirondack mountains of New york. The results are presented in Decadal
Moreover the U s. Department of energy Office of Science has targeted research into the common bean because of its importance in enhancing nitrogen use efficiency for sustainability of bioenergy crops and for increasing plant resilience and productivity with fewer inputs on marginal lands
To this end a team of researchers led by Scott Jackson of the University of Georgia Dan Rokhsar of the U s. Department of energy Joint Genome Institute Jeremy Schmutz of the DOE JGI
The project was supported by the U s. Department of energy and the National Institute of Food and Agriculture U s. Department of agriculture and the work was published online June 8 2014 in the journal Nature Genetics Unlocking the genetic make-up of the common bean is a tremendous achievement that will lead to future
The above story is provided based on materials by DOE/Joint Genome Institute. Note: Materials may be edited for content and length.
The U s. Department of energy Joint Genome Institute (DOE JGI) contributed to the citrus pilot project Gmitter said harnessing their expertise in plant genomics
which seeks to build scientific communities around cornerstone species of relevance to DOE missions in bioenergy carbon cycling and biogeochemistry.
One of the sequences was the high-quality reference genome of Clementine mandarin sequenced by an international consortium including Genoscope in France the Institute for Genomic Applications in Italy the DOE JGI and the Hudsonalpha Institute for Biotechnology with contributions
Another was the sweet orange genome produced jointly by researchers at the DOE JGI the University of Florida and 454 Life sciences a Roche company.
when he spoke at the DOE JGI's 7th Annual Genomics of Energy & Environment Meeting in March 2012.
The above story is provided based on materials by DOE/Joint Genome Institute. Note: Materials may be edited for content and length.
and cavities. â#¢Consuming fewer sugar-sweetened beverages such as soft drinks sports drinks energy drinks and fruit drinks may also decrease a person's risk of dental erosion
#Current trends for forest biomass for energy in EUTHE EU aims to get 20%of its energy from renewable sources by 2020.
Renewables include wind solar hydroelectric and tidal power as well as geothermal energy and biomass. These ambitious targets set in the Renewable Energy Directive (2009/28/EC) have led to concerns about the levels of woody biomass from forests
which would need to be mobilized to meet them. Recently three NGOS--Birdlife Europe European Environment Bureau and Transport and Environment--contracted EFI along with the International Institute for Sustainability Analysis and Strategy (IINAS) and Joanneum Research to conduct a study
on current trends in forest biomass for energy in Europe carbon balance and the sustainable potential.
The reference mobilization was based on a dynamic response to Renewable Energy Directive targets with increasing infrastructure and mechanization and stronger forest owner groups to 2020 and beyond.
In this case meeting climate and energy targets would be the main driver. The negative environmental effects of intensified use of forest resources would be weighed against
The amount of forest-derived and woody biomass was estimated then that could be supplied sustainably for energy uses without compromising material uses of wood.
The role of sustainable woody bioenergy in the future EU energy system was analyzed for electricity heat and transport fuels taking into account the potentials for energy efficiency and non-bioenergy renewables.
Overall the study found that the lower mobilization of forest resources would be sufficient to meet woody material demands
only if resource efficient cascades and stringent energy efficiency measures were implemented. The report is available online at:
The material shows promise to replace more costly and energy-intensive processes. Results from the research appear today in the journal Nature Communications.
All of this works in ambient temperatures unlike current high-temperature capture technologies that use up a significant portion of the energy being produced.
when a forest gets old it would respire more and use more energy. But Tang and colleagues found both energy production (photosynthesis) and energy consumption (respiration) decrease with age resulting in an overall decrease in growth rates.
Forests are also big carbon sinks that offset in part human-induced carbon emissions. Our finding also suggests the forest carbon sink may decrease in the U s. because of the slowdown in forest growth Tang says.
#Supply of woody biomass for energy from privately owned forests in Europe overestimatedthe European commission expects the use of biomass for energy in the EU to increase significantly to meet a legally binding target of at least 20%of the EU's total energy use
A new study led by Kristina Blennow from the Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU) shows for the first time that European private forest owners are not as ready to increase the supply of woody biomass for energy as assumed.
The private forest owners'attitudes towards supplying biomass for energy so that the targets can be met
This study shows that the future supply of woody biomass for energy from privately owned forests in Europe
although the forest owners generally asserted strong belief in a persistent and strong demand for woody biomass for energy use their readiness to change the management objective to woody biomass for energy in forest stands currently managed for stemwood is low
This shows that the attitudes of those who make decisions at the local level strongly influence the supply of woody biomass for energy from the European forest sector.
or strongly positive attitude to convert to producing woody biomass for energy at a profit in forest stands currently managed for stemwood.
and strongly positive attitude towards making the change from stemwood to biomass for energy will indeed make the change
and that the respondents represent the European private forest owners in general only 12%of the privately owned forest land will be available for providing stemwood for energy generation.
Hence a conservative estimate of the harvest level of stemwood for energy in privately owned forests in Europe is 12%of the maximum.
how strongly do forest owners believe in a persistent demand for woody biomass for energy how likely is it that forest owners continue to manage the forest for stemwood
or convert to producing bioenergy for energy generation if it can be made at profit and how willing are the forest owners to convert land used for pasture agriculture
and other purposes to forest and convert forest land to land for cultivation of energy crops?
The findings of the team of researchers have strong implications for meeting the forest biomass share of the legally binding 2020 target for renewable energy in the EU and for the design of effective renewable energy policy.
The research was funded by the National Science Foundation's Division of Environmental Biology and the Yale Climate & Energy Institute.
Of those approaches none came close to reducing emissions as much as conservation increased energy efficiency and low-carbon fuels would.
or added energy where vegetable oil was mixed into the puree. There was also little difference in the amounts eaten over time between those who were fed basic puree and those who ate the sweetened puree
Looking forward to mid-centuryas population grows society needs more--more energy more food more paper more housing more of nearly everything.
Energy company Fortum is to invest â0m in an integrate bio-oil plant while Swedish packing firm Billerud received â2m from the European commission to build a new biofuel plant based on forest residues.
and energy generation there still exists a vast surplus. Straw contains a mix of sugars that could be used as a source of biofuels that do not compete with food production
Unexpectedly the energy input congealed clusters of hydrogenated carbon atoms some of which took on the latticelike structure of nanodiamonds.
To knock hydrogen atoms off of something takes a tremendous amount of energy. Even without the kind of pressure needed to make macroscale diamonds the energy knocked loose hydrogen atoms to prompt a chain reaction between layers of graphite in the coal that resulted in diamonds between 2 and 10 nanometers wide.
But the most nano of the nanodiamonds were seen to fade away under the power of the electron beam in a succession of images taken over 30 seconds.
The meeting was hosted by the university's Byrd Polar Research center and the Office of Energy and the Environment.
Among the gloomy outlooks for Lake erie and the farm industry researchers and other experts offered more encouraging news about the recovery of Ohio forests and improved energy efficiency in electricity distribution and the operation of hospital systems statewide.
The conversation at the forefront of critical American infrastructure--including agriculture energy and public health--has shifted from
A pilot project to install smart power meters in homes has cut the average length of power outages by 30 percent and reduced power consumption as much as 3 percent.
to reduce power consumption in healthcare through energy audits. I wanted to save hospitals money and
By enabling Ohio hospitals to obtain Energy star ratings OHA encourages hospitals to boost efficiency and resilience in the face of power outages.
So far the association's energy audits have earned participating hospitals more than $6 million in government energy rebates
and saved more than $7 million annually in energy use. The result is saved not only money but less pollution from fossil fuels
While Western diets have changed dramatically in the last century to become high energy low fiber
cheeseburger) our digestive systems including our gut bacterial colonies adapted over millennia to process a low-energy nutrient-poor and presumably high fiber diet.
Methane Emissions and the Greenhouse Gas Footprint of Natural Gasâ#will be published May 20 in the journal Energy Science and Engineering.
and convert our energy systems to ones that rely on wind solar and water power. â#Story Source:
when it is substituted for higher-emission energy sources abundant shale gas is not likely to substantially alter total emissions without policies targeted at greenhouse gas reduction a pair of Duke researchers find.
or higher than emissions avoided by reducing the use of those other energy sources. Most evidence indicates that natural gas as a substitute for coal in electricity production gasoline in transport and electricity in buildings decreases greenhouse gases.
Over the range of scenarios that we examine abundant natural gas by itself is neither a climate hero nor a climate villain said Richard Newell Gendell Professor of Energy and Environmental Economics and director of the Duke university Energy Initiative.
and nuclear said Daniel Raimi associate in research at the Energy Initiative. The net effect on U s. greenhouse gas emissions appears likely to be small in the absence of policies specifically directed at greenhouse gas mitigation.
Getting energy for exhausting flightsthe Bochum biologist also studies the orchid bees'flight performance. The small insects do actually fly over distances of 50 kilometres.
Tamara Pokorny has a theory regarding how they get the energy necessary for those long distances without being forced to stop
They excrete superfluous water retaining only the energy source within their body. Orchids eucalyptus and fecesorchid bees live in Central
and its ability to convert raw materials into energy. In short these changes in gene expression adversely affect the plant's ability to grow
and macronutrient and fiber requirements without adding substantially to overall energy requirements. Macronutrients (carbohydrates protein and fat) provide calories or energy.
Our bodies need smaller amounts of micronutrients such as vitamins and minerals. The researcher cited studies demonstrating that high fruit
The Southeast is a major energy producer of coal crude oil and natural gas. Decreased water availability exacerbated by population growth
Rising temperatures lead to increased demand for water and energy and impacts on agricultural practices.
Over the past 60 years Alaska has warmed more than twice as rapidly as the rest of the United Statesâ#The state's largest industries energy production mining
Transportation) â#¢Energy: Extreme weather events are affecting energy production and delivery facilities causing supply disruptions of varying lengths and magnitudes and affecting other infrastructure that depends on energy supply.
The frequency and intensity of certain types of extreme weather events are expected to change. Higher summer temperatures will increase electricity use causing higher summer peak loads
while warmer winters will decrease energy demands for heating. Net electricity use is projected to increase.
Changes in water availability both episodic and long-lasting will constrain different forms of energy production.
In the longer term sea level rise extreme storm surge events and high tides will affect coastal facilities and infrastructure on
which many energy systems markets and consumers depend. As new investments in energy technologies occur future energy systems will differ from today's in uncertain ways.
Depending on the character of changes in the energy mix climate change will introduce new risks as well as new opportunities.
NCA Highlights: Energy Supply and Use) â#¢Water: Climate change affects water demand and the ways water is used within and across regions and economic sectors.
The Southwest Great plains and Southeast are particularly vulnerable to changes in water supply and demand. Changes in precipitation and runoff combined with changes in consumption
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