what they eat and drink. It follows a similar model to salt reduction pioneered by Consensus Action on Salt and Health (CASH)
and drink products with no substitution in food could prove to be an equally effective and practical way of reducing added sugar in the UK diet.
so that the newborn fawns will have plenty to drink. Gazelles carry their young for around six months before giving birth.
#Is Climate Change Ruining Wine Corks? Wine lovers might treasure the oaky full-bodied taste of a cabernet sauvignon or the light and fruity aroma of a pinot grigio.
But if the bottle is stopped with a low-quality cork they can kiss that meticulously cultivated flavor goodbye.
when it's time to pop the Champagne but some experts are worried about wine cork quality
which has been mysteriously in decline for almost 20 years. Corks are made from the bark of Quercus suber trees commonly called cork oaks
The oxygen seeping in reacts with the alcohol and makes acetic acid that gives the wine an unpleasant sour and vinegar-like taste.
A batch of bad corks can ruin entire cases of wine Teixeira said. The global cork industry is worth about $2 billion
but metal wine stoppers are cheap alternatives and are growing in popularity. Past research published in Flavour
and Fragrance Journal found that consumers could not tell the difference between wine corked with a natural oak-based cork
and wine that was corked with a metal stopper. However many wine producers still prefer the original oak-based cork
but the choice between a cork and a metal cap is debated hotly among wine enthusiasts.
Teixeira says that after more genetic testing it may be possible to select the best cork oaks for breeding
and increase the quality of the cork used to stop wine bottles. In the future it may even be possible to genetically engineer cork oaks with high-quality bark.
Follow Kelly Dickerson on Twitter. Follow us@livescience Facebook & Google+.+Original article on Live Science i
or drink dieter's tea with the hope of pooping out more of those calories.
*More people die every year from smoking than from murder AIDS suicide drugs car crashes and alcohol combined.
of sea snake goes without a drink for months on end gradually dehydrating before refueling with freshwater
A byproduct of the distillation of vodka it was discovered in Hungary that the mixture did not freeze in low temperatures.
and saturated fat and with obesity inactivity alcohol consumption and smoking. Scientists theorize that plant-based diets are naturally lower in saturated fat and sodium and high in potassium
I guard your property a vineyard near the village Panoouei from the present day until vintage and transport so that there be no negligence and on the condition that
One 2010 experiment by Consumer Reports tested 15 protein drinks purchased online or from stores in the New york metro area.
And this time his fight affects not only how the U s. government protects us and our children from tobacco but also fast food alcohol and even gambling.
or higher discount could apply to other regulatory areas such as junk food alcohol or gambling.
Extensive and careful scientific analysis has documented the health risks from tobacco alcohol and junk food particularly to those who are addicted to those products.
Most parrots eat a diet that contains nuts flowers fruit buds seeds and insects. Seeds are their favorite food.
and kakapos chew on vegetation and drink the juices. Parrots are like most other birds
A study published in 2011 in the Journal of Dentistry found that eating apples might be up to four times more damaging to teeth than carbonated drinks.
An elephant's trunk has more than 100000 muscles according to National geographic. They use it to breathe pick things up make noises drink and smell.
#Bacteria in Wine May Bring Health Benefits There are bacteria in wine that may be beneficial for people's health new research finds.
In the study researchers in Spain isolated 11 strains of bacteria from wine including strains of Lactobacillus
and Pediococcus bacteria which are associated with the wine-making process. Up to now many studies have reported that the best foods to deliver probiotics are fermented dairy products
so that the probiotic properties of wine-related Lactobacillus were studied hardly said study author Dolores Gonzã¡
In the study the researchers examined the ability of the bacteria they isolated from wine to survive in conditions similar to those found in the human gastrointestinal system.
whether the bacteria in wine could survive when exposed to simulated gastric juice bile and lysozyme an enzyme that is highly concentrated in human saliva that can damage bacterial cell walls.
The investigators also looked at how well the bacteria in wine might stick to the walls of the human intestine by growing human intestine cells in a lab dish.
In particular one strain of bacteria found in wine called P. pentosaceus CIAL-86 had an excellent ability to stick to the intestinal wall
The probiotic properties of the lactic-acid bacteria isolated from wine are similar to those of probiotics that come from foods like dairy products such as fermented milk
however that drinking a couple glasses of wine a day will provide the same health benefits as eating a food like yogurt she said.
Even though the moderate consumption of wine which she defined as two glasses per day may confer certain health benefits wine does not currently provide a sufficient amount of probiotics to be beneficial
which stabilizes wine she said. Sulfating is the process of adding sulfites which are used preservatives commonly in winemaking.)
However probiotics could be isolated from wine in order to be commercialized as probiotics or added to functional foods she said.
whether alcohol or marijuana is worse for health is being debated once again this time sparked by comments that President Barack Obama made in a recent interview with The New yorker magazine.</
I don't think it is more dangerous than alcohol.</</p><p>Full Story:<<a href=http://www. livescience. com/42738-marijuana-vs-alcohol-health-effects. html target=blank>Marijuana vs.
Alcohol: Which Is Really Worse for Your Health?</</a p><p></p><p>A 42-year old electrician in California developed star-shaped cataracts in his eyes after a serious work-related accident caused electricity to run through his body according to a new
report of the case.</</p><p>The man's left shoulder came into contact with 14000 volts of electricity
But time has validated Ahimbisibwe's pioneering spirit. She is pleased with her decision to participate for two reasons.
Wine cheese and pasta are important part of Italian meals. Pasta comes in a wide range of shapes widths
Two thousand years ago the Mayan people of what is now known as Guatemala even came up with the original chocolate teapot#a ceramic vessel used to pour the foaming drink
and archaeologists have found evidence that chocolate drinks were served up at the celebrations after the interment of sacrificial victims (though
The last Aztec emperor Montezuma II consumed a lot of this drink every day and it was hinted that this enhanced his virility.
and vanilla another import from The americas transformed it into the much sweeter drink we have now.
but also oodles of other health-related data including users'blood alcohol content body fat percentage respiratory rate and intake of sodium magnesium calcium fiber iodine
and alcohol were reserved originally for ritual ceremonies and weren't used merely to satisfy hedonistic motives a new study suggests.
But written records aren't the only indication of early drug and alcohol use. It is thought generally that mind-altering substances
So Guerra-Doce decided to sort through the scarce and scattered information in the scientific literature in hopes of gaining a better understanding of the history and context of ancient drug and alcohol use.
7 Potent Medicinal Plants Alcoholic residues suggest many prehistoric Eurasians drank fruit wines mead beer (from barley
and wheat) and fermented drinks made from dairy products. The discovery of alcoholic fermentation appears to date back to about 7000 B c. in China.
By 5000 B c. people in the Zagros Mountains of northwestern Iran drank wine instilled with pine resin (for its preservative or medicinal properties.
And at a site in southeastern Armenia dating to 4000 B c. scientists unearthed a fully equipped winery#they think the wine was made for mortuary practices considering there were 20 burial graves which contained drinking cups next to the winemaking facility.
Importantly though some pottery fragments containing residues of beer and wine come from settlements most actually come from burial sites.
Many tombs have provided traces of alcoholic drinks and drugs Guerra-Doce said. I think these substances were used to aid in communication with the spirit world.
Some artistic representations also hint at ceremonial drug and alcohol use in prehistory. One of the most revealing items may be a 30-inch-tall (76 centimeters) terracotta figurineknown as the Poppy Goddess.
The figurine found in an almost 3000-year-old cult chamber in Crete depicts a bare-breasted woman with upraised arms and a head bearing three movable hairpins shaped like poppy capsules.
Alcohol also seems to have been mainly for the upper class. One of the most impressive examples comes from the so-called Hochdorf Chieftain's Grave in Germany a Celtic burial chamber for a 40-year-old man that dates to around 530 B c. In the princely tomb researchers found an enormous
I think that prior to a large-scale production alcoholic drinks were reserved for special events and they played a similar role as drug plants Guerra-Doce said.
After large-scale production became possible alcohol likely became available to many people (not just elites)
#World's Oldest Wine cellar Fueled Palatial Parties Israel isn't particularly famous for its wine today
but four thousand years ago during the Bronze age vineyards in the region produced vintages that were prized throughout the Mediterranean and imported by the Egyptian elite.
Whatever happened no one came to salvage the 40 wine jars inside after the collapse; luckily for archaeologists the cellar was left untouched for centuries.
biomarkers of wine and herbal additives that were mixed into the drink including mint cinnamon and juniper.
The team eventually turned up 39 more jars inside a room measuring about 16 feet by 26 feet (5 m by 8 m). All together the vessels would have held around 528 gallons (2000 liters) of wine
But it's still a lot of wine they must have thrown large parties. The Holy land: 7 Amazing Archaeological Finds What's in the wine The residue from all 32 jars sampled in the study contained tartaric acid one of the main acids in wine.
In all but three jars the researchers found syringic acid a marker of red wine. The absence of syringic acid in those three jars may indicate that they contained some of the earliest examples of white wine
which got its start later than red wine Koh said. The researchers found signatures of pine resin which has powerful antibacterial properties
and was added likely at the vineyard to help preserve the wine. Scientists also found traces of cedar which may have come from wooden beams used during the wine-pressing process.
The researchers noticed that the cellar's simplest wines those with only resin added were typically found in the jars lined up in a row against the wall near the outdoor entrance to the room.
But the wines with the more complex additives were generally found in jars near a platform in the middle of the cellar
and two narrow rooms leading to the banquet hall next door. Koh and colleagues believe the wine would have been brought from the countryside into the cellar where a wine master would have mixed in honey and herbs like juniper and mint before a meal.
As for the taste Koh said the ancient booze may have resembled modern retsina a somewhat divisive Greek wine flavored with pine resin described by detractors as having a note of turpentine.
Koh said he and his colleagues usually hear two different kinds of remarks about the ancient wine:
Some say I would love to drink this wine while others say It must have tasted just like vinegar with twigs in it.)
While the wine wouldn't be what drinkers are used to today the jars at Tel Kabri likely contained some the finest vintages of the day Koh said.
If the Egyptian kings and pharaohs wanted wine from this area it must have been quite good Koh said.
Recreating old wine from lost grapes Based on the fabric of the clay jars the researchers said the wine came from the local region
though they're still trying to pinpoint where the supplying vineyards may have been located. The scientists do know that one of the most famous vineyards of antiquity the Bethanath estate got its start about 1000 years later just 9 miles (15 km) away from Tel Kabri.
Koh and colleagues are also hoping DNA tests reveal what kind of grapes were used which may interest not only archaeologists but also current wine producers.
The Islamic conquest of the 7th century put an end to much of the region's wine culture.
It wasn't until the 19th century that Upper Galilee's vineyards experienced a revival largely thanks to Baron Edmond de Rothschild who imported grapes from Bordeaux France that still form the basis of much of Israel's wine culture today Koh said.
But these grapes are perhaps not the best varieties for the region's climate. It's fascinating that grapes originally came from this general region
but in Israel they're growing grapes that over many centuries have acclimated to the Atlantic coast of France said Koh.
So if we can get DNA from our wine cellar we'll have this genetic blueprint of presumably wine that for centuries was suited best to grow in the land we call Israel today.
The researchers hope to eventually look for a DNA match between the traces of Tel Kabri's wine
and feral grapes in the region that might have been cultivated in antiquity and somehow survived into the present Koh said.
Video Reveals Bubbly Science Behind Brewing Beer A batch of Sierra nevada Bigfoot Barleywine bubbles and froths in this time-lapse video produced by Sierra nevada Brewing Company.
Very simply beer is made by extracting sugar from grains and fermenting these sugars with yeast to turn them into alcohol.
Wort is the sticky sweet liquid extracted from mashing grains like barley or wheat. Hops are small green conelike fruits from a vine plant that provide flavor.
When yeast is added to the mix it eats up all the sugar in the wort and spits out carbon dioxide and alcohol as waste products.
Bigfoot Barleywine is a limited edition strong ale that Sierra nevada releases each January. Follow Livescience@livescience Facebook & Google+.
while harmful bacteria thrive on sugars and alcohols. So consume more fiber-packed foods such as leafy greens oatmeal and whole grains.
The vessels containing provision the cases filled with liquor are broken Houckgeest wrote. Though the mission wouldn't open up the country to the Dutch the emperor warmly welcomed the visitors.
In addition to meats and other foods to be considered kosher wines and grape-based products must be made by a Jewish producer.
If the drinking water in your area is fluoridated give your child tap water to drink. Bottled water does not have fluoride.#
The scales drink tree juices so more scales are bad for trees. A couple of degrees warming can make the difference between a stately shade tree and a sad bedraggled specimen with dead branches sparse leaves and grimy scale-encrusted bark.
During that period hangings became drunken public celebrations with crowds of people gathering to drink eat fight buy
limit or avoid alcohol; avoid red meats and processed meats; and avoid grilled broiled or fried meats. 10 New Ways to Eat Well The overall recommendation is to favor plant-based foods said lead author Joseph Gonzales a registered dietician with the PCRM.
or alcohol as the PCRM recommends said Colleen Doyle a registered dietician and director for nutrition and physical activity for the American Cancer Society.
or avoid alcohol to reduce the risk of cancers of the mouth pharynx larynx esophagus colon rectum and breast.
The PCRM reports that one drink per week increases the risk of mouth pharynx and larynx cancers by 24 percent;
two to three drinks per day increase the risk of colorectal cancer by 21 percent.
Also a drink a day seems to promote heart health. The American Cancer Society recommends that people limit their alcohol intake to no more than two drinks per day for men and one per day for women (in part because of women's smaller average body size.
5. Avoid red and processed meats to reduce the risk of cancers of the colon and rectum.
since salsa's spicy blend of tomatoes peppers onion garlic and other flavors heralded the dawn of more sophisticated cosmopolitan taste buds.
Arm and leg buds may begin developing at this point but at that small size they are not yet distinguishable.
At this point and throughout the pregnancy you should avoid alcohol caffeine recreational drugs and smoking.
At this point and throughout the pregnancy you should avoid alcohol caffeine recreational drugs and smoking.
Iran last week allowed inspectors from the International atomic energy agency to visit a heavy-water nuclear reactor near the city of Arak,
The country last year withdrew access to the 40-megawatt Arak reactor, which is currently under construction
After a bitter and lengthy controversy over water management, four hydroelectric dams on the Klamath River in Oregon and California will be removed to restore salmon runs.
That's the conclusion of a suite of studies that marks the latest chapter in a bitter environmental debate over its benefits
as a fermentation substrate for beer and as a dye for clothing. Most researchers think that humans in the middle Stone age which began around 300
many thought that truffles could be like cheese or wine, in that the microflora and yeast living on the truffles played a vital role in releasing volatile compounds,
white wine truffle sauce or truffled risotto are likely to wrinkle their noses at the thought of button mushrooms that have been engineered to smell like the real thing.
such as Andrew Montford who maintains the blog Bishop Hill. I find the review pretty appalling,
Almost all species showed earlier bud burst, but some had years of abnormal bud-burst timing
because they had chilled not enough over the winter. Many models of climate change's effects on the growing season don't deal with the internal climate-control system by which plants respond to seasonal temperature changes,
Red wine drug Drug company Glaxosmithkline (GSK) has halted all development of a proprietary formulation of resveratrol a chemical found in red wine
Ancient greek ships carried more than just wine: Nature Newsa DNA analysis of ancient storage jars suggests that Greek sailors traded a wide range of foods not just wine,
as many historians have assumed. The study, in press at the Journal of Archaeological Science1, finds evidence of vegetables,
The researchers found grape DNA as would be expected for containers of wine in only five of the nine jars,
Foley says historians tend to assume that these containers were used mainly to transport wine in a survey of 27 peer-reviewed studies describing 5
but it yielded only a Carling Black Label beer can from the 1950s. So they gained permission from Greek authorities to test amphorae that had been held in storerooms in Athens since their retrieval as many as 20 years ago.
He says the team's results fit with other archaeological and written evidence suggesting wine
F. KRAUSTINIEST frogs This tiny adult female frog (Paedophryne dekot) is the world's smallest tetrapod, according to Fred Kraus at the Bishop Museum in Honolulu
According to the leaders of the UK arm of the Tomato Genome Consortium, Graham Seymour at the University of Nottingham and Gerard Bishop, formerly of Imperial College London,
That, combined with the cost of pure ethanol, has meant that"the share of alcohol in our transport fuel matrix has dropped from 55%in 2008 to 35,
Options include buying the gas from a local beer and soft-drinks factory and producing it independently,
Chemical forensics confirm French wine had early rootsfrance is renowned for its mastery of winemaking, but when did the country begin its love affair with the vine?
A chemical analysis of archaeological artefacts finds evidence that wine was being produced in the south of France by the fifth century bc."
A thousand years later, Greek and Phoenician merchants had begun shipping wine throughout the Mediterranean region, each in their own distinctively shaped jars called amphorae.
By 600 bc, the Etruscans of central Italy were trading their wine along The french Mediterranean coast.
wine-loving Greeks established a colony at Massalia (present-day Marseilles, France. A team led by Mcgovern has investigated now items from the ancient coastal town of Lattara,
which occurs in grapes, in all of the jars strong evidence that they once contained wine.
or added to give the wine medicinal properties. A limestone platform (see picture), dated to about 425-400 bc,
"The combination of botanical and chemical evidence makes a pretty tight argument that wine was being produced at Lattara,
"There s been a lot of hypothesizing about shipping wine across the Mediterranean, he adds.""But it s never been shown chemically.
Archaeologists already knew that the people of Massalia had been distributing local wine in their own amphorae
Although no wine presses have been found at Massalia, Dietler thinks that it is only a matter of time before one turns up.
This indicates that they were used for carrying wine, he says, because the pitch would have dissolved in oil
along with then-provost Vistasp Karbhari, sought police protection for themselves from biologist Amy Bishop, without warning or protecting others.
On 12 Â February 2010, Bishop shot six colleagues during a faculty meeting, killing three.
is trying to use genes from grape varieties to engineer a wine grape that is resistant to Pierce s disease a condition caused by a bacterium that has made it difficult to grow wine grapes in the state.
such as wine grapes and the sugar maple trees used to make maple syrup.""Climate changes are impacting the everyday lives of real people,
Gregory Jones of Southern Oregon University in Ashland, who studies the effects of climate change on wine grapes,
says Sun. The researchers found that Sporothrix sp. 1 also increased the trees'production of diacetone alcohol,
#TECHNOLOGY MEETS TRADITION SPONSORED ARTICLE It s not often you get an assignment from Popular Science to film a whisky distillery in Scotland especially not one as steeped in tradition as Glenfiddich.
or Glasgow our location is well off the beaten track deep in Scotland s Speyside whisky country and one of the last family-owned distilleries.
and pioneering spirit required to endure in this tough countryside. The distillery located just outside picturesque Dufftown sits in the shadow of Balvenie Castle.
Our first stop is the mash house where malted barley begins its long journey to your whisky glass.
Next we visit is the âÂ#Âoestillã¢Â# house where beery wort is distilled into liquor.
and never emptied a technique borrowed from Spanish sherry makers. Very fitting then that the reason we are here is to use a cutting edge interactive video technology to make an immersive tour experience for those people who are not lucky enough to visit the distillery themselves a tour that reveals Glenfiddich s art and science of whisky making.
The tour app will be available on itunes November 2013 l
#Spain Considers Release Of Genetically Modified Olive Fruit Fliesa company involved in creating genetically modified mosquitos has another project nearing outdoor testing.
A few rounds of beer helped the group settle on an idea: The team would build a giant interactive musical tree later dubbed the Treequencer.
and having a drink you could be told you are polluting the world with you food contained in plastic.
Well then lovers of single malt Scotch whisky you re in luck. Glenfiddich and Popsci would like to invite you to our live Facebook Q&a event on Thursday December 12th where we will be discussing the perfect single malt Scotch whisky
and anything and everything that goes into the science of making it. The Glenfiddich range of single malt Scotch whiskeys has received more awards since 2000 than any other single malt Scotch whiskey in two of the world s most prestigious competitions the International Wine & Spirit
Competition and the International Spirits Challenge. A Glenfiddich expert will be hosting this session to answer
and educate our Popsci readers on the Science Behind Whisky. Therefore we are pretty sure that the secrets of a great tasting single malt Scotch whisky are going to be unearthed.
So please join us for this exciting look into the history and science behind something that tastes so good you need answers as to why!
A preview of questions that could beã¢Â# Ã
#Find A Blue Chicken Egg? Congrats, Your Chicken Has A Virushere in the U s. our eggs mostly come in two colors:
Continuing in their pioneering spirit Glenfiddich presents Age of Discovery. This malt aged exclusively in first-fill bourbon casks for a minimum of 19 years showcases the exceptional skills of Glenfiddich's expert team of coopers who tend to the barrels and of Glenfiddich's sixth Malt Master
Brian Kinsman. To learn more about the fascinating world of single malts visitglenfiddich. COMSKILLFULLY CRAFTED.
Glenfiddich Single Malt Scotch whisky. 40%alc/vol. 2013 Imported by William Grant & Sons New york NY.
New American oak barrels are used by distilleries in the U s. to age bourbon and rye.
Once these distilleries have aged their whiskey the casks are shipped to Scotland. The first time we fill the barrels they are known as first fill barrels.
American oak imparts the whisky with compounds such as esters lactones and phenols. One such compound known colloquially as whisky lactone produces a strong coconut flavor in the finished dram.
Vanillin another compound extracted from the oak unsurprisingly contributes an aroma of vanilla. But because freshly charred oak has high levels of these aromatic compounds casks made from it can overpower the more delicate flavors of a Speyside malt.
Instead Glenfiddich uses barrels that have contributed already much of the wood's flavoring compounds to American bourbon.
and a whiff of a fine old orange liqueur balanced by dry almost smoky notes of oak tannin n
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