Digital Social Innovation Interim report Contract no. 30-CE-0531673/00-86 Main Author: Francesca Bria (Nesta
Contributors: Esteve Almirall (ESADE Peter Baeck (Nesta Harry Halpin (W3c Jon Kingsbury (Nesta Frank Kresin, Sacha van Tongeren
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution -Noncommercial-Sharealike 4. 0 International License 3
DSI Interim Report Executive Summary i Emerging Findings ii Introduction 5 What is DSI? 5
Work Package 2 †Crowd mapping DSI organisations and activities 50 Work Package 3-Assessing Strategies 52
Work Package 4-Engaging Stakeholders 53 Work Package 5-Experiment and Pioneer 53 Work Package 6 †Recommendations 53
Appendix 1-DSI Case studies 54 Appendix 2 †Matrix of Case studies grouped by technology trend and domain 217
4 Digital Social Innovation Interim Report Executive Summary i DSI Interim Report Executive Summary Digital Social Innovation (DSI) is an emerging field of study, with little existing knowledge on who the digi
-tal social innovators are, which organizations, and activities support them and how they use digital tools to
This report describes our work to date, having investigated more than 250 case studies of digital social innovation services, support organizations and activities.
and the promotion and diffusion of knowledge systems in the Public domain, such as Com -munia Most, if not all of the above examples of civil society digital social innovation take place via the Internet or
within the frameowrk of the Digital Agenda for Europe and under the Horizons 2020 Work Programme
and to access what works and what doesn†t to calibrate interventions and investments •Addressing barriers to growth and scale.
This report describes our work to date, having investigated more than 250 case studies of digital social in
-house delivering high levels of employment, productivity, and social cohesion Europe 2020 strategy is broad and ambitious
Horizons 2020 Work Programme, and in particular, but not limited to, the Collective Awareness Call 7
-house delivering high levels of employment, productivity, and social cohesion Europe 2020 strategy is broad and ambitious
Horizons 2020 Work Programme, and in particular, but not limited to, the Collective Awareness Call Research Objectives
Delivering the research through 6 work packages As outlined in the table below, the DSI research project is delivered through 6 work packages that are in
-terlinked. We are now into month 6 of the research, which has been focused mainly on WP1 (identifying
Work package title Lead participant. short name Start month WP1 Identifying DSI organisations Waag Society M1
List of Work Packages 9 A diagram of how the various work packages interrelate is shown below
Figure 4: Work Package Diagram This report forms the third deliverable, D3 in the table below
Del. no. Deliverable name WP no. Delivery date D1 Inception Report WP0 M1 D2 Dynamic Report on Mapping WP2 M5-M17
Gohar Sargsyan Adviser and founding member, OISPG; Consultant Logica Daniel Kaplan Founder and CEO, The next-Generation Internet Foundation
Simona Levi Founder, Forum for the Access to Culture and Knowledge Markkula Markku Committee of the Regions, Rapporteur Europe 2020
-sure that policy fostering DSI is based on scientific evidence of what works and what doesn†t and that effec
experts, practitioners or key policy makers were identified also, and interviewed. We conducted in depth semi-structured interviews following a common protocol,
-neurs/practice leads, their employees, and relevant DSI communities. The appendix shows the case studies and their classification criteria,
of the project work packages. Care has therefore been taken to make the website as easy to use as possible
type of technology they are using in their work and what type of activities they are involved in (from re
-isations are looking to make through their work. The category †democracy and participation†showed the
as 136 self-identified categories were used by organisations to define their work Only the most popular are shown below to illustrate this
Work and employment 78 Finance and economy 76 Science& Technology 60 Table 3: Domains of Activity
valorising labour time equally, or linking currencies to data 25 2. New ways of making
and the promotion and diffusion of knowledge systems in the Public domain, such as Communia. These activities are favouring a shift towards open access, transparency
•The work by Your Priorities in Iceland and Open Ministry in Finland on bringing DSI to the core of gov
The work by the local government in Vienna on Open Government Data Vienna led to citizens developing a raft of innovations,
The work by the EU DG Research funded social inno -vation research projects TEPSIE on the role of ICT in social innovation,
The work by Nesta in the UK on the tech for good incubator Bethnal Green Ventures and Waag Society in Amsterdam work on setting up
A look across the different activities that DSI organisations are involved in shows how they support work
and looking at in the light of the case study work we can outline some key characteristics of the type of activities that DSI players are carrying forward to
Stand in a classic exhibition this works the other way around, with the organizers dividing the space in square meters which are sold then to exhibitors who have need the to carve out a more or less great visibili
or for their workers to find affordable homes Running or hosting Makerspaces, Hackerspaces, Living Labs or Urban Labs:
Co-working environments, such as innovation centres, accelerators, incubators, and hacker spaces, have begun to proliferate. The MIT founded a precursor in 2002 called Fab Lab,
as is the work by the social innovation research project TEPSIE on the role of ICT and social innovation.
the Nominet Trust†s (UK) work Digital Edge, a programme which funds ventures that demonstrate how
The World wide web Consortium (W3c), an international community that works on developing and advocating for Web standards,
the P2p foundation that works on promoting peer to peer practices, and the Iot Council promoting an open Internet of things vision are good examples of this
-works, free interoperable network services open Wifi, bottom-up-broadband, distribut -ed social networks, p2p infrastructures Tor
Most European cities work with sensors that moni -tor environmental conditions. Pollution, temperature, humidity and light sensors are installed that provide
The work by Tor on creating a secure and privacy-aware service that bounce Internet users†and websitesâ€
and transparency by supporting journalists and other experts to access information and report key stories
The work by organisations like Raspberry Pi and Arduino illustrates the potential in open hardware
but the majority of work is done by a larger network of other organisations in the â€oelong tail†that are connected via the super-nodes.
and number of employees. New clustering and categories will then emerge from the empirical data
manner rather than via a top-down hierarchy controlled by experts or some other appointed group. In the
Another example is the work by Open Garden on facilitating the sharing of Internet between devices
dismissal) of issues. Mobilising people though these platforms allow citizens movements, activists, and entrepreneurs to raise issues
In this sense, the close work with a small group in the very place where the group lives is of utmost importance.
and work in networks across organ -isation boundaries †including the boundary between the private and public sphere.
A commission of independent experts involving both grassroots activists and government employees gathered from across the city,
This commission of experts should not simply solidify their position as experts in creating websites
so that the public service workers in London can maintain their own website with -out again gathering all the experts from the various boroughs or from a neighbouring city.
The point is to spread the network so as to make local communities as digitally skilled as possible and capable of working
and to access what works and what doesn†t to calibrate interventions and investments •Addressing barriers to growth and scale.
Work Package 2 †Crowd mapping DSI organisations and activities The challenges with this approach to date
The next stage of Work package 2 will include the Task 2. 2, the development of the website.
Work Package 3-Assessing Strategies The first steps in Policy Research in WP3 will follow a hierarchical schema, starting from the identification
find concrete policy actions diverted to its promotion. However, there are intermediary organisations such as Code for America, Open Knowledge Foundation and Nesta that support these activities indirectly.
the European commission, particularly H2020 and work programmes, Digital Agenda, Social Innovation in DG Regio and Social Entrepreneurship in DG Enterprise
-ducted using interviews with experts, which identify the main failures and shortcomings. These shortcom -ings will be matched with the design methodology
Work Package 4-Engaging Stakeholders To support the growth and spread of DSI it needs traction on multiple levels within the EU, from citizens
Work Package 5-Experiment and Pioneer Because policy aims to shape the behaviour of economic agents by tapping into their motivations and in
Work Package 6 †Recommendations The objective of this work package is to compile the learning of the project by distilling a set of policy rec
-ommendations for Digital Social Innovation In order to accomplish this objective a policy framework for digital social innovation will be elaborated
-work for grouping DSI organisations and developing our understanding of the characteristics of these or
thus not using cheap labour and low quality materials to emphasise this they had the Italian map stamped on the front of the
@Heart partners through promotion of their brand, products and content on its site and social networks with links to documentation and tuto
board and who hire the founders as consultants What were the main barriers to innovate?
both personal and commercial derivative works, as long as they credit Arduino and release their designs under the same license
-paigning network that works to ensure that the †views and values of the world†s people inform global decision-making. †Avaaz relies entirely on
-isation is run by a small, highly-skilled online team of 11-50 employees with most staff working collaboratively in a â€oevirtual office†environment
from four continents so as to ensure †even the smallest contributions go a long way. â€
86%of members seem happy for the staff to use it just as a guide, while
While Avaaz is a global organisation with staff and members across the world, they are incorporated currently as a nonprofit 501 (c) 4 organisa
helping to ensure the physical security of the organisation†s staff According to Patel, the funds generated should support this priority for
-paigning works †you leverage bursts of engagement from our member -ship with particular priorities and campaigns to generate longer term
work and costs money. As †democracy nerds†the Citizens Foundation team are worried that most of our social lives are being run by one com
can be used to buy promotions for ideas that appear as banners at the top of the page.
The actual work is divided into five activities •Developing a Technological Framework (lead: University of Tilburg
Part of the work is technical in nature: selecting standards, developing frameworks and architectures, as well as writing the actual code for the
Lastly there is work in deciding where the results will go after the project, to ensure uptake and growth of the solution
of domain experts. Generic coding skills lead to beautiful visualisations not more What helps to reach goals and
-main experts. This pays off in the end How does it achieve better European collaboration? Citysdk sets the groundwork for an ecology of applications that can
It turns out this actually works well for the development community and data owners alike.
for America involved †a new type of public service based on the work of volunteer programmers that has sought to building bridges between the
-works and fibre deployment as commons (both new techniques such as aerial as well as fibre bandwidth management) â€
range of technologies employed by the different fellows †who will work with their own preferred web platform (using open source languages like
connector generally, Commons4eu also works with other social inno -vators on more specific challenges as part of an informal global network
and new cultural works are created. This definition is extracted from the Public domain Manifesto an output of the Thematic Network
•Management of orphan works, i e. works whose author is unknown COMMUNIA policy paper on the proposed orphan works directive
What is the social impact it is seeking, including any evidence of impact to date? The COMMUNIA Association and its Members raise awareness in, edu
-cate about, advocate for, and offer expertise on and research about the Public domain, in the digital age within society and with policy-makers
The association works on deliverables such as policy papers, projects, and WIPO statements. Event-wise the association or
-work neutrality, openness and size of these networks are a great chal -lenge to routing protocols and its implementation on low-cost devices
-works are built often with simple and low cost off-the-shelf hardware The nodes are usually running an open source distribution, such as Linux
-works, such as VOIP, content distribution, on-demand and live media streaming, instant messaging, remote backups and updates, file storage
-works, such as on-demand and live media streaming, instant messaging remote backups and updates, file storage and file sharing.
universities that work alongside local, regional and global partners to promote and support social change towards sustainability
locally funded, the results of this work and research are shared all across the DESIS network.
In their research and practical work, Everyaware focus on sensing, mo -bile and location-based technologies, as well as data visualisation
for using Fablab Amsterdam in open days is to document the work and project on the Fablab website and share the designs with the rest of the
see as fertile ground for beginning this work. One example of this is the Fablab Low cost Prosthesis program, a technology to produce a lower
its design and production work. The digital fabrication include machines such as, Laser cutter, Milling machine, Vinyl Cutter, Embroidery Ma
placed in an open space, to make the work with different machines easi -er Teleconferencing system and digital communication:
Much of the work in the Fablab relies and is based on open source design and open hardware such as
The majority of work in the Fablab is run by an active community of volunteers. This, the Fablab team sees as one of the most
guarantee basic standards to their employees. On November 13 2013 Fairphone announced that it had sold the first batch of 25,000 smart
wage for workers assembling the devices Research: As described above a cornerstone of the Fairphone model is
Fairphone works with factories where a specially established fund will ensure decent wag -es are distributed amongst workers.
 It†s all about opening up the supply chain, creating transparency 115 Github At a glance
Work and employment, other Technology Trends: Open Knowledgeâ Â DSI activities: Operating a web service
new and better versions of their work collaboratively. It has grown since to be the largest social coding repository in the world.
out of its 227 employees there are virtually no managers, and staff are given a great degree of autonomy in
choosing the types of projects they wish to work on; a system of self-al -located work spurred on by the belief that creativity
and innovation are contingent upon employees investing themselves in the projects they commit themselves to
History and Mission Github sets out with a seemingly simple objective: to build better soft
the Center for the Future of Work, Heinz College and Carnegie mellon University); ) found that people make a surprisingly rich set of social
strategies for coordinating work, advancing technical skills and manag -ing their reputation 117 How is funded the organisation?
Another revenue stream is Github Jobs where employers can post job offers for $450/listing.
assembling code†in the form of libraries, open source work, etc. †as well as writing it,
-rative tool for academics, legislators and government workers. Â Since any open-licensed project can be hosted on Github for free,
-ton, D c. startup (Development Seed) and a small team of consultants Whereas the code for the healthcare exchange †the â€oebackend†of Health
Work and employment, other Technology Trends: Open Knowledge DSI activities: Operating a web service Key facts:
it works in a similar way to crowdfunding platform Kickstarter. As an ex -ample the platform was used to successfully raise £4, 401 (109 per cent
two members of staff for one day a week; telephone line rental and call charges; printing and office supplies;
which can aid board members in their work. One example of the latter is the Slow Food an organisation based in Ger
private businesses and corporations who want to engage their employees in making strategic decisions At its simplest the process of using Liquid Feedback can be described
powerful and do their work, but we want the grassroots to be able to control themâ€
and time consuming to work efficiently, before the advent of the Internet. Finally, the open source ap
Giving back Open-source hardware is about sharing work with others for everyone†s benefit. It is beneficial for all parties to provide upgrades
is possible to make profits doing commercial work that can be re-invest -141 ed in charitable, open source projects without having to employ a huge
factory of staff After recognising in the period following 2006 that official government funding streams had been wound down,
-ity, and it is this company (mysociety ltd) that does commercial work Today about 40%of mysociety†s income is from commercial work and
they work towards expanding this, while developing †a reputation as a software company that can solve problems that more traditional web
or meet the experts of the City of Vienna, as well as an online forum. In 2012 two participa
â€oeschwedenplatz†(where citizens came together with experts as part of a design competition organised by the City of Vienna to draft a mission
-form, and active comments have been asked for from countless experts and copyright organisations. A number of factors surrounding copyright
Having been reviewed by these volunteer experts, the Open Ministry†s law proposals are more compatible
-works might be used to enhance democratic participation and delib -eration, and influence policy in collaboration with existing political
into actual law proposals with the help of volunteer experts. There has been some significant overlap between Open Ministry and other rele
of relevant experts who can offer consultative campaign and legal advice to transform potentially good ideas into viable proposals to be debated
-ship with voluntary legal and campaign experts. The Open Ministry also encourages users to sign
Open data sit at the core of all Opencorporates work. This is both a tool to scrape, capture
They can produce inconsistent data services that leave consumers wondering when and where they can access the network, and
-tion tends to work with freelancers and volunteers What are the main barriers t o innovate?
As described above, Patientslikeme works towards a creating a platform and, in the long-term, a health care system, where information is openly
all employees of Peerby own a piece of the company through stock op -tions and through these have a direct stake in its successes and failures
Sharing only works when there is reputation involved. Most sharing platforms try to combat this issue by building a
growing rapidly and have shown that the platform works on small scale The next challenge is to understand how it could work on a larger scale
so can work more easily in electrical off-grid environments Other than the fact that the demand for the Raspberry Pi computers
Later on Ray Ozzie a data expert based in Boston joined the conversa -tion when the question of how to release
the work done by Safecast was evidenced further when, on September 15,2012, it was announced that Safecast†s radiation measurements were
it won†t work. †On one hand, the project is now slowly by slowly gen -erating more attention, through people who are already participating
Tor has a staff of 30 paid developers, researchers, and advocates, plus many dozen volunteers who help out on a daily basis. In a year Tor
range of criminal sites. â€oewe work with law enforcement a lot, †Lewman told the Guardian. â€oethey are fully aware of bad guys on Tor.
The current team (of 22 full-time staff) is comprised of individuals with a wide span of experience ranging from human rights
work to software development. It has built also a strong team of volun -teer developers primarily in Africa,
work they started, and continues to be a resource to the emergency response community there.
Work Package 2 †Crowd mapping DSI organisations and activities Work Package 3-Assessing Strategies
Work Package 4-Engaging Stakeholders Work Package 5-Experiment and Pioneer Work Package 6 †Recommendations
Appendix 1-DSI Case studies Appendix 2 †ï¿Matrix of Case studies grouped by technology trend and domain
Community research E u R O P E A n COMMISSION European Technology Platform Smartgrids EUR 22040
Vision and Strategy for Europe†s Electricity Networks of the Future EUROPEAN COMMISSION Directorate-General for Research
1. Executive Summary 4 2. The origins of Smartgrids 6 3. Driving factors in the move towards Smartgrids 12
1. Executive Summary 5 VISION AND STRATEGY I ELECTRICITY NETWORKS OF THE FUTURE application for the benefit of both customers and utilities.
Job opportunities will be broadened as the networks require workers with new skills and integration across new technology areas
The Smartgrids European Technology Platform for Electricity Networks of the Future began its work in
to ensure economic development, greater competitiveness, job creation and high quality security of supply (both short and long term) in the EU
addressed to solve the shortage of skilled staff with manufacturers, grid operators regulators, etc. A multidisciplinary approach (engineering, economic, regulatory
the adequate technical staff trained by high level universities and other technical schools Networks are evolving:
to boost competitiveness, job creation, social cohesion and environmental sustainability throughout the continent. Both research and energy are key elements
Future work should adopt a techno-economic system approach for a trans-European network. This calls for the development of
skilled staff, particularly to achieve the development and deployment of innovative technologies Grids are being transformed into
Recruitment strategies must be enhanced to meet the skill sets needed. Multidisciplinary curricula should include not
know it works 31 VISION AND STRATEGY I ELECTRICITY NETWORKS OF THE FUTURE As in other ETPS, a group of high-level stakeholders came together with one primary
green economy work in Europe and worldwide Visit www. eco-innovation. eu for further information
replacement works. This has injected new life into an old deposition site near Chatham Docks and
initiative and recruited more than 100 employees www. shields-e. com Good practice examples The Footprint Chroniclesâ
¢ers, design engineers, consultants or can be completed by other technical or business functions as part of other responsibilities
¢cepts and involve stakeholders/experts. Re -ward buy in when eco-innovative ideas are implemented Choose whether to pursue patents to protect â€
senior management www. orangebox. com www. ecodesigncentrewales. org/sites/default/files /EDC ORANGEBOX ENABLINGECODESIGNINWELSHIN -dustry. pdf Crawford Hansford & Kimber
Promotion based on clear evidence-based †¢claims related to environmental performance will enhance internal and external reputation
in promotion Communications incorporating understand-†¢able, valid and clear environmental perform -ance claims underpinned by fact based infor
¢consultants or companies that posses this expertise do need you to train yourself (or partners) in â€
Start promotion within a community of inter-†¢est e g. networks of suppliers and customers
and technology specialists, innovation experts and eco-innovative cluster organisations. Among many support schemes it has one that helps SMES with
This work was supported by CNCSIS-UEFISCSU, project number PN II-RU TE 328/2010 Key-words: eco-innovation, SMES, Romania
Communication and the accompanying Staff Working Document set out 5 broad priorities -Develop legal rules to facilitate cross-border offers of online products and
This staff working document fulfills the commitment made in the Communication to report annually on the state of play of implementation of the action plan.
Commission†s intention to work towards the completion of the Digital Single Market, and agreed with the five priorities identified above,
In the second half of 2012, discussions started within the Expert Group on E -Commerce9 about the modalities of the pilot project.
accompanied by a Staff Working Document13 with a view to establishing guidance on the application of Article 20 (2) of the Services Directive which enshrines the
As the Staff Working Document provides only initial clarifications on the non -discrimination clause on the basis of information gathered thus far, the Commission
13 Commission Staff Working Document with a view to establishing guidance on the application of Article 20 (2
the outcome of the consultation on the online distribution of audiovisual works and on the implications of the"Premier League"ruling in the field of digital
digitisation and online display of orphan works and introduces a new exception to copyright (one of the few ones to be fully harmonised at EU level.
This Communication sets out two parallel work tracks. On the one hand, the Commission will complete its ongoing review of the EU copyright framework
launched by the Green Paper on the online distribution of audiovisual works in early 2013.
uses of orphan works http://ec. europa. eu/internal market/copyright/orphan works/index en. htm 16 COM (2012) 789 final http://ec. europa. eu/internal market/copyright/licensing-europe/index en. htm
Following BEREC's work in this field, the Commission services launched a public consultation on"specific aspects of transparency, traffic management and switching
assessed whether the mini OSS (to be implemented by 2015) works properly Consequently progress on this issue can only be reported after 2015
This work will continue in 2013 Finally, an awareness-raising campaign in the framework of the Year of Citizenship
on Consumer Policy (July 2010 †December 2011) and a Staff Working Document on knowledge-enhancing aspects of consumer empowerment
and the promotion of international cooperation for the prevention of match-fixing The Commission has established already an expert group to facilitate the exchange of
A workshop with ADR experts took place in Brussels on 28 February 2012. The Commission services also met bilaterally with stakeholders
reviews and workshops to share best practices and work towards the preparation of these strategies.
strategy for the promotion of shared access to the spectrum in the Single Market and allowing a structured political debate on the economic, technical
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