Senior Director and Distinguished Fellow with Cisco†s Internet Business Solutions Group Chairman of SIX †Social Innovation exchange
innovation, using the Internet as a way to innovate more collaboratively integrating the citizen in the
%•150 million Europeans †some 30%-have used never the internet. This group is largely
People without basic digital skills and access to the Internet are barred from a multitude of information and services and thus often face difficulties in finding
their money together, often via the Internet, in order to support efforts initiated by other people or
FEA has developed an Internet-based electronic service and a credit assessment management system to handle microcredit.
Internet-based system was selected as one of the five best practices by the scientific committee in
More information on the European union is available on the Internet (http://europa. eu Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European union, 2014
-edged in footnotes mentioning the relevant references and internet links BEPA would also like to thank Sid-Ahmed Talbi and Carmen Tresguerres for their help
internet, which is leading to new models of collaborative production and content sharing which radically change the competition and supply and demand equations of traditional
The internet ecosystem currently faces two major and urgent problems In 2011 the Commission launched an initiative to pool a range of European funds to promote
Future Internet area. However, there is no strategic vision guiding EU research. Projects do not give rise to an
•The internet divide will persist within and between countries †in terms of access to networks and the internet
beyond that to develop new internet-enabled services. At EU level it is important to de
-ergy literacy and can be compared to the rise of the internet, which has enabled users to participate strongly in a two-directional flow of information
APOLLON159) and intend to bring together the Future Internet, the Living Labs and the †Smart Cities†communities (e g.
of social networks and internet and also interactivity which is at the very heart of our
-cial media, distributed knowledge creation and data from real environments (†Internet of Thingsâ€) in order to create new forms of social innovation.
a focus on participatory internet-based collaboration and the engagement of existing grassroots communities. Moreover, they exploit peer-behaviour reinforcements and cit
y demonstrating collaborative concepts based on the internet offering solutions to societal and sustainability challenges, making use of commons, knowledge sharing
-tifying good practices through which societal benefits can be delivered via the internet and other ICT
human rights, environmental footprinting of ICT networks, Safer Internet, Better Internet for Kids, Online Behavioural Advertising, Do Not Track, Internet of things, accessibility
198 The central information hub for the series of dialogues is available on the internet http://ec. europa. eu
diseases, sustainable-innovation, internet governance, ethics†assessment, human en -hancement, and synthetic biology 204 http://ec. europa. eu/research/social-sciences/pdf/policy reviews/social innovation. pdf
the †network effect†(internet connectivity) as well as by new economic models for co-pro -duction and data sharing, the internet of things,
scale that was unimaginable before the rise of Internet-enabled collective platforms The study explores the potential in using digital technologies to enable better and more social innovation
the â€oenetwork effect†caused by the spread of the Internet and the Web throughout society
the internet, which has enabled large numbers of people to interact and participate at a relatively low cost. 6 Over the last few decades,
helped by the ability of the internet to draw in a far wider range of people and
One example is the Internet, which was developed by DARPA (Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency
is an approach that was crucial in the emergence of the internet, GSM 5 88 THE OPEN BOOK OF SOCIAL INNOVATION
public organisations †from the Internet (DARPA) to the world wide web CERN). ) But there are many structural features of government that inhibit
Internet donor sites dramatically reduce the cost of fundraising (estimated at between 15 per cent and 33
and the internet. They remain critical to the social economy, both in assessing products and services on the basis of social criteria, and in
The spread of the internet has made possible a range of new tools to mobilise people and energies quickly and effectively.
together via the internet to achieve savings on their purchases 496) Platforms for the gifting of goods such as Freecycle,
internet time, and even social housing rent 508) Informal currencies such as Local Exchange Trading Systems (LETS
One hour†s internet surfing costs 30 minutes pedalling. In 2008, campers converged on Kingsnorth power station for a week of learning, sustainable
organisation and action, further facilitated by the advent of the internet 526) Grass roots campaigns for social change.
The internet has accelerated the spread of grass roots-led social campaigns †especially those focused on lifestyle innovation and transformation.
was unimaginable before the rise of Internet-enabled networking platforms†This report is focused mainly on the output of WP3.
diffusion of ICT, the Internet and the rise of social media, the emergence of new global innovators such as
was unimaginable before the rise of Internet-enabled networking platforms†The potential in using digital technologies to enable better
process, taking advantage of the â€oenetwork effect†caused by the spread of the Internet and the Web throughout
these actors are difficult to identify using traditional means due to the tendency of the Internet to be used
diffusion of ICT, the Internet and the rise of social media, the emergence of new global innovators such as
and reach of commercial Internet models and the relative weakness of alternatives. These alternatives mainly fill marginal niches
Internet or are enabled highly by new technology trends such as open networks, open hardware and open
Kroes launched the â€oeno Disconnection Strategy†11 to support decentralised infrastructures for the Internet as
development of Future Internet platforms, thereby shaping the evolution of the Internet and of social spaces
including envisioning different kinds of Internet infrastructure in the future Internet programme Considering the level of complexity that the Internet Ecosystem has reached,
and the potential significance of the interactions between Internet and societal developments, a systemic, holistic and multi-disciplinary
approach is needed. 14 Only by adopting a multidisciplinary research approach that encourages researchers from various disciplines to work together,
Future Internet developments should, therefore include technologically-led research, together with business models and socially and environmentally
as reflected in the Internet Science Network of Excellence funded by the European Commission. 15society in Future Internet development to achieve these goals is one of the main goals of this
study %ï¿$0//&$5 activities in this area can be summarised under two broad approaches, encompassing several
Partnerships16, Smart Cities17, the Future Internet Public-Private Partnership Programme (FI-PPP) 18, and the
The development of the Future Internet is mainly addressed through a number of mainly technical objectives and projects,
At a time when the Internet has become so central in our societies, it is important that bottom-up approaches (based on the involvement of
One of the risks of Future Internet is that big industrial players (mainly US-based) will reinforce their dominant position by implementing platform lock in strategies,
or collaborative innovation in the Internet domain should be explored thoroughly. These platforms can gather and integrate information in order
tech (software/Internet), biotech, clean tech, natural foods, and lifestyles of health and sustainability. Feld (2012) states that these clusters can be considered as networks for their members do not
using the internet to gather instantaneous real world data from which knowledge is extracted and used to dynamically (re) shape policy actions
The internet ecosystem today is highly centralised The current Internet is dominated by a handful of mainly US companies that control all the lay
-ers of the tecosystem (app store, cloud, machine learning, devices), and are imposing their rules of the game.
the internet to remain a neutral space Keep bottom-up innovation feasible and affor -dable. Software packages that are patented can
Also the internet needs to continue to be a neutral space where creativity can continue to flourish
the internet, the R&d funding at CERN led to the invention of the Web) Encourage people to think
DSI, there are a number of perceived future Internet threats (such as concentration of power and surveillance
A main Internet trend-threat in the current and future Internet ecosystem is recognised today: an increasing
personal data, turning personal data in what has been defined as the â€oeoil of the Internet economyâ€. Most users
/16. http://www. internet-science. eu /17. IUUQÏ¿ï¿ï¿FDÏ¿FVSPQBÏ¿FVÏ¿SFTFBSDIÏ¿JOOPWBUJPOÏ¿
28. http://www. internet-of-things-research. eu /29. Bria, F. 2012. http://files. openinnovation platform. eu/policydocs/open innovation 2012. pdf
or the Internet to strengthen local communities. Indeed the Internet is now generating a host of new business models that are set to have
enormous impact in the social field. 7 Other possibilities may derive from new organizational forms,
Internet, innovations can spread very quickly, and indeed there can be little point in doing local pilots
and information over Internet links enabling networked transactions, and the distribution of all the digital †objects†present within the infrastructure.
The networked connections enabled by the Internet and the World wide web grew along the links of the preexisting
and eventually to the global Internet. Networked computers motivated the development of distributed architectures and shared resources, culminating in the peer-to
over the Internet. Crowdsourcing has been used the ï rst time by (Howe 2006 ï oeï oe) http://www. openmoney. org.
and therefore also to the Internet and its applications/services. It was remarked by Lessig when he observed that â€oethe code is the law of cyberspaceâ€
The Internet†s structure determines how the Internet is regulated. The Internet†s role in innovation, based on
â€oethe remarkable social impact and economic success of the Internet is in many ways directly attributable to the architectural
The Internet was designed with no gatekeepers over new content or services The Internet is layered based on a,
end-to-end model that allows people at each level of the network to innovate free of any central control.
the Internet has created a platform for innovation. Cerf, 2005 In a similar way, the eï €ort in developing the architectural principles upon
is fundamentally an extension and a conceptualisation of the evolution of the Internet and of the Web
¢perceive to exist is mostly what exists in the media or on the Internet. The information,
An Introductionâ€, Berkman Center for Internet and Society, Harvard Law school. http://cyber. law. harvard. edu/bold/devel03/modules/episodeii. html
Internet: www. worldbank. org All rights reserved 1 2 3 4 17 16 15 14 This work is a product of the staff of The World bank with external contributions.
internet is valid. This document is an â€oeinformative Land Registry Extract†containing the same information as an Ownership and encumbrances
What is the value of Digital Social Innovation in the context of Future Internet in Europe?
This research aims to explore the potential of the network effect of the Internet (activity i e. the service
Indeed, the â€oenetwork effect†of the Internet may still be in its early technical phases and early implementation to maximize social good
and reach of commercial Internet models and the relative weakness of alternatives, mainly filling marginal niches
Digital social innovation plays a central role in the development of the Future Internet. One of the motiva
grassroots communities play to enable bottom-up social innovation that leverage the power of the Internet
infrastructure for the open Internet constituted by open standards, open data, free and open software, and
Most, if not all of the above examples of civil society digital social innovation take place via the Internet or
The Internet is approximately 40 years old, and its capacity for generating societal and economic value is
the last 20 years or so have seen the commercialisation of the Internet take prece -dence.
added value of the innovation enabled by the Future Internet, and focuses in particular on Digital Social In
effect of the Internet and merging novel technology trendsâ such as open data, crowd-mapping, open hard
Daniel Kaplan Founder and CEO, The next-Generation Internet Foundation Simona Levi Founder, Forum for the Access to Culture and Knowledge
This research aims to explore the potential of the network effect of the Internet (i e. that the benefit of a
 The Internet and the Web are the technical underpinnings that represent a densely intertwined techno-social fabric of our societies,
the â€oenetwork effect†of the Internet may still be in its early technical phases and early implementation to
-pansion of Internet-based services has generated a great economic wealth. However this growth has result
-ed in an imbalance between the dramatic scale and reach of commercial Internet models and the relative
above examples of civil society digital social innovation take place via the Internet or are enabled highly by
the Internet. The intention of this research is to carry out an honest analysis of the field,
•How to accelerate innovations that better align the capacities of the Internet to social needs †The
Internet in Europe The attempt to define a successful DSI model for Europe is contextualised in the broader debate around
European Innovation models and the Future of the Internet, since if Europe wants to implement a systemic
ICT and the Internet are critical to help Europe sustain long-term eco -nomic growth and create new jobs
While the original advent of the Internet and ubiquitous digital technologies led to a speculative bubble
now the Internet seems to have more deep inroads into all parts of manufacturing and
However, the Internet by itself seems to unable to drive innovation out of the crisis of 2008
More than 5 billion additional people will connect to the Internet globally in the next 10 years
To fully exploit the potential provided by Internet services a high-speed Internet access is required for all
If we observe the evolution of the Internet, principles, such as network neutrality, equitable service, and peer-to-peer architecture were crucial to build a universal, open and distributed infrastructure
Analysing all the possible Future Internet scenarios (Oxford Internet Institute 2010), we see two opposing innovation models that could emerge (see Figure 5
A major risk for the Future Internet is the realisation of the â€oebig Brother†scenario, showing that big industrial players (mainly US based) will reinforce their dominant
of the Internet ecosystem •Open ecosystems to foster grassroots digital social innovation and entrepreneurship:
to accelerate innovations that align the capacities of the Internet better to social needs, and that decen
Indeed, the â€oenetwork effect†of the Internet may still be in its early phases as well.
-tion plays a central role in the development of the Future Internet. Honest competition based on open
Digital social innovation plays a central role in the development of the Future Internet. One of the motiva
grassroots communities play to enable bottom-up social innovation that leverage the power of the Internet
Adapted from â€oetowards a Future Internetâ€, the Oxford Internet Study 2010 in Sestini, F. presentation
and digital data accessed via the Internet Digital Social Innovation can deploy collective intelligence by connecting multiple individuals and groups
In this way, the Internet offers unprecedented opportunities for collective intelligence via its in -creasing ubiquity and its massive amounts of data available for collective transformation into knowledge
This type of innovation was unimaginable before the rise of Internet-enabled platforms In this way, simply labeling images with the â€oeesp game†of Von Ahn is digital innovation,
and in this era must be enabled Internet digital social innovation †are needed to create new arrangements between the social
network effect of Internet collective platforms strengthen the social networks of offline communities and amplify their collective intelligence.
unimaginable before the rise of the Internet. †What is important to note about the above definition is that the focus of this study is strictly on those
of sharing and collaboration at a scale that was unimaginable before the rise of the Internet, and their abili
decentralised infrastructure for the open Internet constituted by open standards, open data, free and open
Internet infrastructure Furthermore, there†s no denying that the ability to access knowledge and bottom-up infrastructures has
and Internet connections for groups and individuals to collaborate and socialise in projects, workshops hands-on talks, panels.
-lence on Internet Science (EINS) that aims to integrate multidisciplinary scientific understandings about Internet networks and their co-evolution with society,
or the Knowledge and Innovation Communities KICS) promoted by the European Institute of Innovation and technology that are coordinating research on
The work by Tor on creating a secure and privacy-aware service that bounce Internet users†and websitesâ€
-ing Internet specifications that are exposed by these edge networks 38 The Guifi. net initiative is developing a free,
Guifi. net is connected to the Catalan Internet Exchange (CATNIX) as an Autonomous Sys -tem (AS) via optical fibre with IPV4 and IPV6
Another important trend, boosting the diffusion of open data is the Mobile Internet and the increasing
-where/anytime access to the Internet and to the services it will provide •The Internet of things,
which will guarantee access through the Internet to the physical world, to its devic -es and, most notably, to its services
•The emerging of an Internet of People, i e.,, a trend that includes Web 2. 0, social networks, social comput
-ing, and that promotes Internet as a fundamental channel for allowing an increasingly active role of users
delivering services over the Internet, thus extending this possibility to much wider classes of actors
However, even now these institutions are facing crisis due to the ubiquity of the Internet, as
rise of the Internet itself 46 This is precisely why telecommunications companies must reinvent themselves in the presence of new
a technical system such as the Internet and the Web. The Internet and Web have intrinsic architectures
defined by their open standards that offer themselves as a series of constraints such that †the choice of pos
Many of the inventions that now form the basis of the Web 2. 0 economy and the emerging Internet of
However, before the advent of the Internet their social innovation was limited in its reach, but with the
advent of the Internet suddenly these new digital social innovations had a rapid network growth.
the best example of how the Internet enables users grow the value of a network with a social purpose
sharing of Internet between devices •Large scale mobilisation, advocacy and campaigning around common causes Crowdsourcing platforms
built in a dynamic and flexible way, plugging into existing and future Internet infrastructures. An â€oeecosys
Avaaz website, their â€oemodel of Internet organising allows thousands of individual efforts, however small, to be combined rapidly into a powerful
-lar groups on the Internet may benefit from the strategic opportunities offered by e-petitions,
something that could not have been possible without the Internet. It can do this well beyond the bounds of a particular country,
They hold that the Internet is the best way to reach out and motivate this younger generation to participate in democracy, and that
model via the Internet beyond Iceland. Open Active Democracy is the software that powers Your Priorities.
from the early days of the Internet †this was never quite true and cer -tainly is not today.
the Internet, as a way to collaborate, disseminate knowledge and data Open source Software, which enables the uptake and extension of the
The Internet prompted the creation of the association Without the opportunities presented by the Internet, the association
would not exist. After decades of measures that have reduced drastically the public domain, typically by extending the terms of protection.
today, as the Internet and digital technologies enable people to access use and redistribute culture with an ease and a power unforeseeable
-net and its possibilities, leading to a seemingly omnipresent Internet However, providing sustainable, cost-effective and high quality Internet
connection, with coverage for all citizens is still a challenge. Often this stems from economic causes,
as Internet provision in a metropolitan area is usually more economically attractive than providing access in ru
-ingâ€, is an emerging model for the Future Internet, where communities of citizens build, operate
services, including local networking, voice connections and Internet access CONFINE offers an open distributed infrastructure for researchers to
limits and obstacles regarding Internet specifications that are exposed by these edge networks. It supports an integrated and multi-disciplinary
-nity networking as a model for the Future Internet Five research projects: Confine is a project that seeks to expand research
Future Internet Research and Experimentation) community nourished by the EC. An open call for participation in the research was published in
Internet context of CONFINE, rather than the test bed itself What is the social impact it is
sustainable Internet infrastructures. Since this aim requires contribu -tions from all social groups, the CONFINE project focuses on perform
process, by expanding the availability of an Internet connection through -out daily life Online communication platforms:
efficiently, before the advent of the Internet. Finally, the open source ap -proach, as described above,
because they believe that the Internet can meaningfully lower the barriers to taking the first civic or democratic
absence technological advances made with the Internet Enhancing collaboration and engagement: DSI network effect mysociety actively encourages digital collaboration for its online coding
-istration makes increased use of Internet technology. A summary of the city†s Open Government activities and the first edition of the Open Data
in computing storage and high levels of Internet penetration Enhancing collaboration and engagement: DSI network effect Open Government Vienna has centred itself around interaction, com
other countries with less Internet penetration were to adopt or replicate this model What technological methods and
-ly this would not have been possible in the absence of the Internet and the online platforms that Open Ministry has been built on
Internet or not yet accustomed to e-Democracy What really helps achieve goals? Undoubtedly the Open Ministry†s success can be understood also in the
-base has expanded to over 61 million companies, without the Internet and the participation through Internet, this would not have happened
Technical specs behind the website: Opencorporates is built on the Ru -byonrails framework, uses the Mysql and Neo4j databases, on servers
in Internet use, through its mobile app and network building, and creat -ing new ways to grow the Internet.
The simple mobile app enables users to connect to each other seamlessly and share their Internet connection
With the largest scale implementation of a mobile Mesh Network, Open Garden is pioneering work on exploring ubiquitous connectivity
the Internet. The business is based on an understanding that with the ubiquitous mobile Internet, mobile consumers have become data users
and data transfer activities are constantly taking place among mobile users. Skyrocketing consumption of mobile data is becoming curbed
-neur Micha Benoliel, Internet architect Stanislav Shalunov and developer Greg Hazel, decided to make the mobile web fit that could address this
-dinates access to any available Internet off ramp, optimizing users†Inter -net access. By crowdsourcing connectivity, Open Garden enables users to
-proves the experience of mobile Internet users, optimizes the service of wireless carriers, as well as benefits the handset and tablet manufactures
It also enables users to access the Internet as cheaply as possible Faster Downloads: Users can find the fastest connection and most
Internet connection, on the other hand, there are also capacity and spec -159 trum limitations, which requires the network provider to go beyond the
-tive, to create a new way of Internet sharing through users installing a mobile app,
all users could share their Internet to make it much more accessible. To -gether with these benefits it is creating an ecosystem among consumers
providing everyone everywhere fair access to Internet it motivates all kinds of groups to join into the community and to experiment, especial
possible without the advance of the Internet and the ability to aggregate and distribute large quantities of data
the entire Internet, and thereby identify vulnerable â€oeoff switches†that governments could use to pull the plug on their society†s online world
Internet during uprisings in the middle East in 2011, thereby preventing people from communicating online What is the social impact it is
Internet: Patientslikeme has used to Internet to cooperate online and to allow for greater democratisation of patient medical data
Social networking and Community Power: Peer-to-peer networks are becoming the cornerstone for a new era of patient-centered health care
The service is based on Internet and the principles of open knowledge and the sharing economy.
however, with the Internet acting as a facilitator, there is a growing trend of websites that offer to facilitate peer-to-peer rental transactions.
educational content with having to rely on poor and expensive Internet connectivity Furthermore, the charity†s continued success (financial and otherwise
to be brought to areas with poor Internet connectivity. This has been adopted in Bhutan; where the Internet didn†t come until 1999, and cov
-erage is still very minimal, so an offline solution like this is vital 190 What really helps reach goals?
at a scale not possible before the advance of the Internet Enhancing collaboration and engagement:
The Smart Citizen project is based on geo location, the Internet and relies on a range of open hard and software tools
Internet freedom and security Technology Trends: Open networks DSI activities: Operating a web service Key Facts:
It offers a technology that bounces Internet users†and websites†traffic through â€oerelays†run by thousands of volunteers around the
through many different Internet servers. Subsequently, Tor has been de -veloped by the US University MIT and by the California Internet rights
watchdog the Electronic Frontier Foundation. Today, it is used every day 202 for a wide variety of purposes by normal people, the military, journalists
Internet users†privacy from corporations rather than governments. â€oewe were concerned increasingly about all these websites-in the 2000/01
normal people who want to keep their Internet activities private from websites and advertisers; those concerned about cyberspying;
-ship of media and the Internet. Campaigning body Reporters Without Borders advises journalists to use Tor, for example.
-prove their privacy and security on the Internet. It also enables software developers to create new communication tools with built-in privacy fea
probe for censorship on the Internet. Supporting these technologies is the ongoing expansion of the Tor help desk volunteer pool, capabilities
Internet freedom and anonymity: The Internet offers exciting new opportunities for individuals to express their views, parody politicians
celebrate their favourite movie stars, or criticize businesses. Not every -one feels the same way though.
Internet surveillance known as â€oetraffic analysis. †Traffic analysis can be used to infer who is talking to whom over a public network.
source and destination of your Internet traffic allows others to track your behaviour and interests. This can impact your chequebook if, for exam
to a harmful balkanization of the Internet. Internet users around the world must be able to trust that their information, communications and
documents are safe and secure. The alternative is a race to the bottom where only those users who seek out complex,
Internet. The three Ushahidi products are The Ushahidi Platform: The Ushahidi platform was built as a tool to
-dated computers, browsers as well as Internet communication security policy as significant obstacles to accessing the UHP website and data
Finally, lack of Internet connection and mobile phone networks that are down (which was the case in parts of Haiti after the earthquake) has also
Internet-based †citizen science projects†in order to further science itself and the public understanding of both science and of the scientific pro
Internet-based citizen science projects (such as SETI@home) which used spare computer processing power to analyse data, known as volunteer
What is the value of Digital Social Innovation in the context of Future Internet in Europe
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