Website: www. sera. ie Submission on the Draft Consultation Paper for the Rural Development Programme 2014-2020
private ICT companies such as Google Hewlett packard, Microsoft, Accenture and Samsung The pledges also come from universities
commission one-stop website for entrepreneurs. Other forums include the Web Investors Forum, a crowdfunding
network and Tech Allstars group run by DG Connect The conference was chosen to Continued on Page 5
Google handles more than a billion searches in the United states every day and stores them all. It took the 50 million most commonly
Google ran all the terms through an algorithm †a way of making a calculation -that ranked the terms by how well they
against their data, Google identified 45 terms that strongly coincided with CDC€ s data on flu outbreaks
The Google trends method has been criticised, because its been wrong in some instances. However that is not the whole
governance and intranet /extranet capabilities 4 No No Mahadevan (2000) Value stream, revenue stream logistical stream
Seven out of 10 of them have a website -The percentage of companies with 10 or more employees using mobile broadband
On the other hand, 75.8%of companies with Internet access had a website. In those with 250 or more employees, this percentage reached 95.7
%of companies with an Internet connection and website (1) 75.8 73.4 87.5 95.7 %of companies that provide their employees with portable
possession of a website can be observed. On the other hand, the growth was slighter regarding ICT use for interacting with Public Administrations (from 90.4%to 91.1
Website (1 Mobile telephone broadband connection 1 Use of the Internet to interact with the Public
Website availability and use The main services offered by companies with 10 or more employees via their website were
company introduction (90.5%),privacy policy statement or certification related to website security (65.2%)and access to catalogues and price lists (52.8
%Services available on the website Percentage over the total number of companies with 10 or more employees and an Internet connection
First Quarter 2014 Company introduction 90.5 Privacy policy statement or certification related to website security 65.2
Access to product catalogues or price lists 52.8 Links or references to the social media profiles of the company 34.7
Website customisation for regular users 8. 4 Possibility of customers customising or designing products 7. 38
The main objectives were obtaining information from the websites of the Public Administrations (80%),downloading of forms (78.2),
Among them, 92.4%used social networks (Facebook, Linkedin, Tuenti, Google+,Viadeo Yammer,..,),40.9%used company blogs or microblogs (Twitter, Presently, Blogger
and 39.6%did so with websites that share multimedia content (Youtube Flickr, Picassa, Slideshare, Instagram
The social media least used were based Wiki tools for sharing knowledge (website whose pages may be edited by multiple volunteers via a web browser),
representing 12.9 %The main uses of social media were aimed towards marketing, advertising and image management (72.1%)and as a user information channel (56.8
Internet connection, Interaction with the Public Administrations, Mobile broadband, Website, Use of Social media and Cloud computing First quarter 2014
Website (1 Use of Social Media (1 Cloud Computing (1 TOTAL 98.3 91.1 78.3 75.8 36.9 15.0
Use of Internet, Website and Mobile broadband by Autonomous Community and Autonomous City in which the company is
Mobile broadband Internet and website 7 E-commerce Sales via e-commerce by companies with 10 or more employees
12.2%of companies carried out sales via electronic commerce on a website. The total value of these transactions was 59,315 million euros, 30.3%of the total electronic commerce
26.9%of companies carried out purchases via electronic commerce on a website. The total value of these transactions was 87,517. 9 million euros, 44.8%of the total electronic
28.7%of companies with Internet access had a website. One year prior, this percentage was 29.3
%companies having Internet connection and website/webpage (1) 29.3 28.7 1) Percentage over the total number of companies with less than 10 employees and an Internet connection
and website (1 Mobile broadband connection (1 Interaction with the Public Administration by the Internet (1
eduard ceptureanu@yahoo. com Abstract Unfortunately, few changes predominantly generate positive effects involving major effort and
data processing, hosting and related activities), 1, 2%-NACE 6312 (activities of web portals and 6391 and 1%mainly operate on CAEN code 6399 and 6391 (Other information service
For example, standard ICT, including web portals, mobile apps and social media, which are widely and inexpensively available, is being used
63. www. emes. net/site/wp-content/uploads/EMES -WP-12-03 defourny-Nyssens. pdf 64.
multi-site case study of family owned business. Journal of Business and Entrepreneurship 1 (2), 41†58
id=long-live-the-web http://www. theatlantic. com/technology/archive/2010/12/steve-wozniak-to-the-fcc-keep-the
FIA working groups can be found at the EU Future Internet portal: http://www. future -internet. eu
-Centric†architecture, lying between the Web of Documents and the generalized Web of Data, in which explicit data are embedded in structured documents enabling consis
it provides a simple, uniform Web-based interface to distributed heterogeneous information management; it endows information fragments
1 Interested readers may also search for updated versions at the FIARCH site http://ec. europa. eu/information society/activities/foi/research/fiarch/index en. htm
-ments from the original site of publication 3. 3 Transmission Limitations The fundamental restrictions that have been identified in this category are
5 Eric Schmidt, the CEO of Google, the world†s largest index of the Internet, estimated the
Eric commented that Google has indexed roughly 200 terabytes of that is 0, 004%of the total size
33 W3c Workshop on Privacy for Advanced Web APIS 12/13 July 2010, London (2010 http://www. w3. org/2010/api-privacy-ws/report. html
traffic load inside the networks of mobile Internet providers in Section 2. Then, in Section 3 we present the main evolutionary steps of flat architectures by bringing
mobile Web-browsing which is expected to become the biggest source of mobile video traffic (e g.,
, Youtube. Cisco also forecasts that the total volume of video (in -cluding IPTV, Vod, P2p streaming, interactive video, etc.
overstep Peer-to-peer (P2p) traffic 4. Emerging web technologies (such as HTML5), the increasing video quality requirements (HDTV, 3d, SHV) and special
systems allow unmanaged deployment of femtocells at indoor sites, providing almost perfect broadband radio coverage in residential and working areas,
) Value networks share with Web 2. 0 application users a concern with value of interacting effectively with rest of the network community (federation
-erogeneity, services †in the form of standard Web Services and DPWS1, but more likely using RESTFUL approaches
1 Device Profile for Web Services An Architectural Blueprint for a Real-world Internet 69 3 Reference Architecture
-tion capabilities comparable to web resources in the current web architecture. In the same way as a web user interacts with a web resource, e g.,
, retrieve a web page, the user can interact with the real-world resources, e g.,, retrieve sensor data from a sen
-sor. However, while the concept of the web resource refers to a virtual resource iden
-tified by a Universal Resource Identifier (URI), a resource in the RWI context is an
In comparison to the current web architecture, REPS can be considered equivalent to web resources, which are identified uniquely by a URI
The device hosting a resource is referred to as the Resource Host. Sensor nodes are typical examples for resource hosts,
principles and semantic web technologies. In the SENSEI architecture each real world resource is described by a uniform resource description,
SPITFIRE aims at extending the Web into the embedded world to form a Web of
Things (Wot), where Web representations of real-world entities offer services to access and modify their physical state
traditional services and data available in the Web. SPITFIRE extends the architectural model of this chapter by its focus on services,
-constrained devices, its extensive use of existing Web standards such as RESTFUL interfaces and Linked Open Data,
From Today†s INTRANET of Things to a Future INTERNET OF THINGS: A Wireless-and Mobility-Related
front the concept of â€oecontent-Centric†architecture, lying between the Web of Documents and the generalized Web of Data, in which explicit data are embed
-ded in structured documents enabling the consistent support for the direct ma -nipulation of information fragments.
uniform Web-based in -terface to distributed heterogeneous information management; it endows infor -mation fragments with collaboration-oriented properties, namely:
Web of Data; future Web; Linked Data; RESTFUL; read-write Web collaboration 1 Introduction There are many evolutionary approaches of the Internet architecture
which are at the heart of the discussions both in the scientific and industrial contexts:
Web of Data/Linked Data, Semantic web, REST architecture, Internet of Services, SOA and Web Services and Internet of things approaches.
Each of these approaches focus on specific aspects and objectives which underlie the high level requirements of being a
driver towards â€oea better Internet†or â€oea better Web†Three powerful concepts present themselves as main drivers of the Future Internet
1 2. They are: a user-centric perspective, a service-centric perspective and a content
lishing and interlinking content on the Web and providing content-specific infrastruc -tural services for (rich media) content production, publication, interlinking and con
Approaches Web of Data /Linked Data REST Internet of Services WS -*SOA Web 2. 0
Web 3. 0 Semantic web Internet of things The three views can be interpreted as emphasizing different aspect rather than ex
-pressing opposing statements. Hence, merging and homogenizing towards an encom -passing perspective may help towards the right decision choice for the Future Internet
Such an encompassing perspective has been discussed in terms of high-level general architecture in 1 and has been named â€oecontent-Centric Internetâ€.
-fore a â€oetransitional Web†lying between the Web of Documents and the generalized Web of Data in which explicit data are embedded in documents enabling the consis
-tent support for the direct manipulation of information as data without the limitation of current data manipulation approaches.
small, Web-wide addressable data/content/information unit which should be organ -ized according a specific model and handled by the network architecture so as to
the different paths to the Web of Data the one most explored is adding explicit data to
4. the Web-wide scalability of the approach The purpose of this paper is to show that Interdatanet can provide a high-level model
though aiming at dealing with distributed granular content over the Web, suffer from a main limitation:
â € the Web-wide scalability of the approach This consolidates the need to look for
as in Web of Data 2. IDN adopts an URI-based addressing scheme (as in Linked Data
3. IDN provides simple a uniform Web-based interface to distributed heterogeneous data management (REST approach
such as Linked Data, RESTFUL Web Services, Internet of Service, Internet of things 2. 1 The Interdatanet Information Model and Service Architecture
global scale within the Web REST interface has been adopted in IDN-SA implementation as the actions al
The presented approach is not an alternative to current Web of Data and Linked Data
approaches rather it aims at viewing the same data handled by the current Web of
Web techniques Interdatanet could be considered to enable a step ahead from the Web of Docu
-ment and possibly grounding the Web of Data, where an automated mapping of IDN -IM serialization into RDF world is made possible using the Named Graph approach
9. Details on this issue are beyond the scope of the present paper The authors are aware that the IDN vision must be confronted with the evaluation
Web 11; c) the adoption of a RESTFUL Web Services, also known as ROA †Re -source Oriented Architecture to leverage on REST simplicity (use of well-known
standards i e. HTTP, XML, URI, MIME), pervasive infrastructure and scalability The current state of Interdatanet implementation and deployment, is evolving along
The implemented Web application allows Public Officers to assess current citizens†official residence address requesting certificates to the entitled body, i e. the
the Application level because it offers infrastructural enablers to Web-based interop -eration without requiring major preliminary agreements between interoperating par
-ties thus providing a contribution in the direction of taking full advantage of the Web
on the Web. In: Proceedings ECDL€ 00 Workshop on the Semantic web, Lisbon (September 2000 5. Pettenati, M. C.,Innocenti, S.,Chini, D.,Parlanti, D.,Pirri, F. 2008) Interdatanet:
A Data Web Foundation For The Semantic web Vision. Iadis International Journal On Www /Internet 6 (2 december 2008
6. Pirri, F.,Pettenati, M. C.,Innocenti, S.,Chini, D.,Ciofi, L.:Interdatanet: a Scalable Mid
RESTFUL Web Services; O†Reilly Media, Inc.:Sebastopol, CA USA (2007 9. Carroll, J. J.,Bizer, C.,Hayes, P.,Stickler, P.:
Web of Data. â€oeoh †it is data on the Web†posted on April 14, 2010;
-it-is-data-on-the-web /J. Domingue et al. Eds.):) Future Internet Assembly, LNCS 6656, pp. 91†102,2011
metadata according to proper ontology based languages (such as OWL †Web Ontol -ogy Language Metadata Handling functionalities are in charge of the storing, discovery and com
Entity Title Model formalization, using the OWL (Web Ontology Language), to collaborate with one integrated reference model for the Future Internet,
database, information systems, software engineering and semantic web. In the technology area one of the most commonly used deï nitions is from Tom Gruber
-lus of First order, Propositional logic, Ontolingua, Loom, and Semantic web languages (RDF, RDFS, DAML+OIL, OWL SPARQL, GRDDL, RDFA, SHOE
of the Web Ontology Language deï ned by W3c, presented in Fig. 1 extracted from 17, is conï ned in the application layer of the TCP IP architecture
Fig. 1. Architecture of Web Ontology Language 17 106 J. H. de Souza Pereira et al
the Web Ontology Language, so that the Entity layer can communicate semanti -cally with the Service layer,
Representing Information Using the Web Ontology Language Traï €ord (2005 18 Lesniewski, S.:Comptes rendus des seâ'ances de la Socieâ'teâ'des Sciences et des
SIS) has been designed as a Web-based tool for the ISP to administrate, monitor, and fine-tune the operation of the entire ETMS
end users (a nice user interface for easy access to the web) and to the content provid
For instance, as soon as a major content provider, such as Google, deploys MPTCP †perhaps as part of a new application with better Qos-then there is a
org/mail-archive/web/multipathtcp/current/msg01150. html 22. Becke, M.,Dreibholz, T.,Iyengar, J.,Natarajan, P.,Tuexen, M.:
Furthermore, ISPS and other companies such as Google and Amazon have increasingly been able to monetize their user transaction data and personal data
Google is feed able to advertisements based on past searching and browsing habits and Amazon is able to make recommendations based on viewing and purchasing
-nical designs can protect such sites from being attacked by entities inconvenienced or embarrassed by their revelations?
as a reverse contention tussle among two website owners (the †consum -ersâ€). ) The tussle is being played out in the routing domain:
the resource) and route end-user requests to the fake website instead of the real one This situation has been shown to be a real problem due to the incentives of ISPS to
limiting the propagation of design ï aws through the models Second, given that diï €erent sub-architectures may exist, each addressing dif
currently used in order to prevent cross-site scripting attacks and similar vul -nerabilities associated with web-based distributed applications.
Obviously, the logical rationales underlying such best-practises must be articulated, enabling he development of type systems enforcing these practises directly †thus allowing
Web technology inherently embeds the concept of cross-domain references, and applications are isolated via the
are already plaguing complex web-based security-sensitive applications, and thus severely aï €ect the development of the future internet.
, for a given web service for online shopping one may require that every order will eventually be processed
composing web services have been considered, which diï €er by their architecture orchestration is centralized and all traï c is routed through a mediator, whereas
and all web services can communicate directly 198 R. Carbone et al Several â€oeorchestration†notions have been advocated (see, e g.,
We specify a web service proï le from its XML Schema and WS -Securitypolicy using ï rst-order terms (including cryptographic functions.
on Proverif 7, exploits abstract interpretation for veriï cation of web services that use SOAP messaging, using logical predicates to relate the concrete SOAP
the detection of a serious ï aw in the SAML-based SSO solution for Google
Still, when Google de -veloped their SAML-based SSO solution for Google Apps they released a ï awed
product, which allowed a dishonest service provider to impersonate the victim user on Google Apps, granting unauthorized access to private data and services
email, docs, etc..The vulnerability was detected by the SATMC backend of the AVANTSSAR Platform and the attack was reproduced in an actual deployment
of SAML-based SSO for Google Apps. Google and the US Computer Emergency Readiness Team (US-CERT) were informed
and the vulnerability was kept con -ï dential until Google developed a new version of the authentication service and
Google†s customers updated their applications accordingly. The severity of the vulnerability has been rated High in a note issued by the National Institute of
It also allows an attacker to launch Cross-Site Scripting (XSS and Cross-Site Request Forgery attacks (XSRF.
This last type of attack is even more pernicious than classic XSS, because XSRF requires the client to have
SAML-based SSO for Google Apps and that could have allowed a malicious web server to impersonate a user on any Google application.
In 2, solutions that can be used to mitigate and even solve the problem are described. These possible
SAP have been identiï ed. All discovered risks and ï aws in the SAML protocol have been addressed in NW-NGSSO implementation
Analysis of SAML 2. 0 Web browser Single Sign-on: Breaking the SAML-based Single Sign-on for Google Apps.
In: Proceedings of the 6th ACM Workshop on Formal Methods in Security Engineering (FMSE 2008), pp. 1†10.
for web services. In: de Boer, F. S.,Bonsangue, M m.,, Graf, S.,de Roever, W.-P
Proceedings of Web Service Composition and Adaptation Workshop (held in conjunction with SCC/SERVICES-2008), pp. 529†537.
Synthesis and Composition of Web Services. In: Bernardo M.,Padovani, L.,Zavattaro, G. eds. SFM 2009.
and Web Services with Databases. In: Proceedings of 17th ACM conference on Computer and Communications security (CCS 2010), pp. 351†360.
Web Services Business Process Execution Language vers. 2. 0 2007), http://docs. oasis-open. org/wsbpel/2. 0/OS/wsbpel-v2. 0-OS. pdf
An example for the ï rst category is the Google gov. app cloud launched in
to what Google does with Gmail-unencrypted data transfer between the cloud and the user, cloud services for more sensitive markets (such as Microsoft Health
encryption services) and web traï c ï ltering services (e g.,, Zscaler, Scansafe 2. 2 Today†s Datacenters as the Benchmark for the Cloud
In many web applications, users are asked to provide various kinds of personal in -formation, starting from basic contact information (addresses, telephone, email
creating accounts on web 2. 0 applications are not aware of the conditions under which their data are handled
able to express and automatically process privacy policies in web interactions This approach enables applications, like web browsers,
to automate the inter -pretation of the content of a privacy policy and to compare the service privacy
with the privacy policy of the website and the result of the matching generates an agreed policy,
white lists for websites with whom we do not want to exchange our personal information †Policy matching engine:
and references therein), mainly in the context of the web 2. 0, we should notice that the advent of cloud changes the business relevance of
In fact, in a typical web 2. 0 application the user is disclosing his own data, balancing the value of his personal data with the services obtained.
A Web portal is available where customers and providers can access ser -vices, a visual Creation Environment which is called â€oevirtual Customer Testbed
-rithm, it is necessary to set up an appropriate testbed of a distributed web application like RUBIS benchmark 3, an auction site prototype modeled after ebay. com. It
provides a virtualized distributed application that consists of three components, a web server, an application server, a database and a workload generator, which produces
the appropriate requests. Furthermore it can be deployed in a virtualized environment using Xen server technology,
proxy unit, needs to monitor the CPU usage of the Web application and Database machines.
â € Linux machines for running XEN server where on top will run the RUBIS Web
The scenario presented can be scaled easily up with many clients and web applications. Also, the proxy under test can be replaced by one or more load balancers
1. Website of Panlab and PII European projects, supported by the European commission in its both framework programmes FP6 (2001-2006) and FP7 (2007-2013:
2. European commission, FIRE website: Last cited: November 21, 2010, http://cordis europa. eu/fp7/ict/fire
networks (e g. for banking, gaming, web) with their own virtual topology, nam -ing, routing and resource management on top of a shared physical infrastructure
a website dedicated to information about Free Tools for Future Internet Research and Experimentation. The Ad
3. Website of Panlab and PII European projects, supported by the European commission in its both framework programmes FP6 (2001-2006) and FP7 (2007-2013:
6. European Future Internet portal (2010), http://www. future-internet. eu /Enhanced Network Self-Manageability in the Scope of Future Internet Development 291
-nications as well as general information exchange†thanks to emails, the web Voip, triple play service, etc. †the Internet is currently providing a rich envi
applications such as Amazon†s EC2, Azure, Google apps and others. The Cloud technologies are emerging as a new provisioning model 2. Cloud stands for on
1 http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Primary sector of the economy 2 http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Secondary sector of the economy 3 http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Tertiary sector of the economy
4 http://www. eurofound. europa. eu/emire/GREECE/TERTIARIZATION-GR. htm 5 http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/List of countries by gdp sector composition
324 Part VI: Future Internet Areas: Services and semi-automated approaches to service discovery, composition, mediation and
invocation •Cloud computing †definitions vary but cloud computing is generally acknowl -edged to be the provision of IT capabilities, such as computation, data storage and
which have attracted attention in recent years within the context of the Web. This work has led to the Semantic web,
and extension of the Web which is machine read -able. Ontologies and semantics form a part of the next two chapters in this section
As mentioned above there is an open question on how best to connect the network and service layers in a new communications infrastructure.
Linked Data is the Semantic web in its simplest form and is based on four principles •Use URIS (Uniform Resource Identifiers) as names for things
using Semantic web standards •Include links to other URIS, so that other resources can be discovered 6 See http://www. internet-of-services. com/index. php?
Given the growing take-up of Linked Data for sharing information on the Web at large scale there has begun a discussion on the relationship between this technology
-cation and third party web services: how multi-party, multi-domain SLAS for aggre -gated services can best be offered to customers. egovernment validates the integra
From an implementation perspective, user interaction is via a web based UI, used by both IT customers and administrators.
way it is necessary to outline also is executed the provision of Telco web service wrappers by Software SLA Manager in an application server and also the provision of
has semantic communication, in OWL (Web Ontology Language), with its su -perior layer and the DL-Ontology layer.
-sites for an instance (memory size, storage pool size, number of virtual CPUS 346 E. Santos et al
lightweight mechanism for sharing data at web-scale which we believe can fa -cilitate the management and use of service-based components within global
The Web of Data is a relatively recent effort derived from research on the Semantic
Web 1, whose main objective is to generate a Web exposing and interlinking data previously enclosed within silos.
Like the Semantic web the Web of Data aims to extend the current human-readable Web with data formally represented so that soft
-ware agents are able to process and reason with the information in an automatic and
352 J. Domingue et al flexible way. This effort, however, is based on the simplest form of semantics
-ing of data on the Web From a Future Internet perspective a combination of service-orientation and Linked
work on exposing datasets behind Web APIS as Linked Data by Speiser et al. 4, and Web APIS providing results from the Web of Data like Zemanta1
We see that there are possibilities for Linked Data to provide a common †glue†as
Web scale In this paper we discuss the relationship between Linked Data and services based on our experiences in a number of projects.
The Web of Data is based upon four simple principles, known as the Linked Data principles 6, which are
describing resources on the Web. Binary properties interlink terms forming a directed graph. These terms as well as the properties are described by using URIS.
Semantic web Education and Outreach Group As of September 2010, the coverage of the domains in the Linked Open Data
available to citizens through a specific Web of Data portal7 facilitating the creation of a diverse set of citizen-friendly applications
-to-plug-britain-into-semantic web-39745620 /7 http://data. gov. uk /354 J. Domingue et al
This site was very popular during the event receiving over 2 million queries per day
Google to enhance search, and the release of the Opengraph12 API by Facebook Mark Zuckerberg, Facebook†s CEO claimed recently that Open Graph was the â€oethe
3 Services on the Web Currently the world of services on the Web is marked by the formation of two main
groups of services. On the one hand, â€oeclassical†Web services, based on WSDL and SOAP, play a major role in the interoperability within and among enterprises.
Web services provide means for the development of open distributed systems, based on decoupled components, by overcoming heterogeneity
and enabling the publishing and consuming of functionalities of existing pieces of software. In particular, WSDL is
On the other hand, an increasing number of popular Web and Web 2. 0 applications as offered by Facebook, Google,
Flickr and Twitter offer easy-to-use, publicly avail -able Web APIS, also referred to as RESTFUL services (properly
when conforming to the REST architectural principles 7). RESTFUL services are centred around re -sources, which are interconnected by hyperlinks
In contrast to WSDL-based services, Web APIS build upon a light technology stack relying almost entirely on the use of URIS, for both
Research on Semantic web services 8 has focused on providing semantic descriptions of services so that tasks such as
the discovery, negotiation, composition and invocation of Web services can have a higher level of automation.
lighter and more scalable solutions covering Web APIS as well 8 http://backstage. bbc. co. uk
The advent of the Web of Data together with the rise of Web 2. 0 technologies and
ultimately lead to a widespread adoption of services on the Web. The vision toward the next wave of services, first introduced in 9 and depicted in Figure 1,
1. Publishing service annotations within the Web of Data, and 2. Creating services for the Web of Data, i e.,
, services that process Linked Data and/or generate Linked Data We have devoted since then significant effort to refining the vision 10 and imple
-ploiting the complementarity of services and the Web of Data through their integra -tion based on the two notions highlighted above
which may be based WSDL or Web APIS, for which we provide in essence a Linked Data-oriented view over existing
Fig. 2. Services and the Web of Data 356 J. Domingue et al by interpreting their semantic annotations (see Section 4. 1)
In this way, data from legacy systems, state of the art Web 2. 0 sites, or sen -sors, which do not directly conform to Linked Data principles can easily be made
are interlinked with existing Web vocabularies. Note that we have made already our descriptions available in the Linked Data Cloud through iserve these are described in
descriptions of Linked Services allowing them to be published on the Web of Data and using these annotations for better supporting the discovery, composition and
and SA-REST for Web APIS. To cater for interoperability, MSM represents essentially the intersection of the structural parts of
Additionally, as opposed to most Semantic web services research to date, MSM supports both â€oeclassical†WSDL Web services, as well as a procedural
view on the increasing number of Web APIS and RESTFUL services, which appear to be preferred on the Web
Fostering a Relationship between Linked Data and the Internet of Services 357 Fig. 3. Conceptual model for services used by iserve
As it can be seen in Figure 3, MSM defines Services, which have a number of Op
to model information particular to Web APIS, such as a method to indicate the HTTP method used for the invocation
The former is based a web tool that assists users in the creation of semantic annotations of Web APIS,
which are described typically solely through an unstructured HTML Web page. SWEET14 can open any web page and directly insert annotations following the hrests/Microwsmo microformat.
It enables the completion of the following key tasks 14 http://sweet. kmi. open. ac. uk
/358 J. Domingue et al •Identification of service properties within the HTML documentation with the help
-lished on the Web •Extraction of RDF service descriptions based on the annotated HTML Similarly, the second tool, SOWER, assists users in the annotation of WSDL services
of the Web of Data as background knowledge so as to identify and reuse existing vocabularies. Doing so simplifies the annotation
development on the Web and on service discovery algorithms to provide a generic semantic service registry able to support advanced discovery over both Web APIS and
WSDL services described using heterogeneous formalisms. iserve is, to the best of our knowledge, the first system to publish web service descriptions on the Web of
Data, as well as the first to provide advanced discovery over Web APIS comparable to that available for WSDL-based services.
Thanks to its simplicity, the MSM captures the essence of services in a way that can support service matchmaking and invocation
-based descriptions of Web services, with OWL-S services, and with services anno -tated according to WSMO-Lite and Microwsmo
and other Web systems can seamlessly provide additional data about service descriptions in an incremental and
Within existing work on Semantic web Services, considerable effort is expended often in lifting from a syntactic description to a semantic representation and lowering from a
only required platform to interact with them is the Web (HTTP) itself As a general motivation for our case, we consider the status quo of the services of
From our work thus far, we see that integrating services with the Web of Data, as
-plex systems exploiting the Web of Data by reusing the results of others. The system
-proach is a particularly suitable abstraction to carry this out at Web scale We also believe that Linked Data principles
Internet platform rather than on the Web. These principles are Global unique naming and addressing scheme-services and resources con
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-telligent Agent Technology, December 2008, pp. 619†625 (2008 19. Vitvar, T.,Kopeckã, J.,Viskova, J.,Fensel, D.:
WSMO-lite annotations for web services In: Bechhofer, S.,Hauswirth, M.,Hoffmann, J.,Koubarakis, M. eds.
Semantic Markup for Web Services. Technical Report, Member Submission, W3c (2004 21. Fensel, D.,Lausen, H.,Polleres, A.,de Bruijn, J.,Stollberg, M.,Roman, D.,Domingue, J
Enabling Semantic web Services-The Web Service Modeling Ontology. Springer, Hei -delberg (2006 22. Farrell, J.,Lausen, H.:
Extended Semantic web Conference Posters (June 2010 25. Speiser, S.,Harth, A.:Towards Linked Data Services.
Int†l Semantic web Conference Posters and Demonstrations (November 2010 26. Iqbal, K.,Sbodio, M. L.,Peristeras, V.,Giuliani, G.:
consumed, shared and experienced on the Web The Media Internet is evolving to support novel user experiences such as immer
content on the Web, whether multimedia or text is generated collaboratively user content, of which the quality is not always controllable
evolved, with the advent of SOA 15, MDA 16, Ontologies and Semantic web, to name a few.
Future Internet, Web 2. 0 Semantic web, Cloud computing, Saas, Social media, and similar emerging forms of distributed, open computing will push forward new forms of innovation such as, and
in particular, Open Innovation 3. The quest for continuous, systematic business innovation requires (I ES capable of shifting the focus to ideas generation and inno
In summary, Web services were introduced essentially as a computation resource transforming a given input to produce the desired output, originally without the need
Bringing Semantics to Web Services with OWL-S. In: Proc. Of WWW Conference (2007 14.
Web Services: Principles and Technology. Prentice-hall, Englewood Cliffs (2007 17. Mellor, S. J.,Scott, K.,Uhl, A.,Weise, D.:
-ture resources from one site to another based on power availability. This will facilitate use of renewable energy within the GSN providing an Infrastructure as a service
The proposed web -based cloud management solution is based on the Iaas concept, which is a new soft
Iaas Resource used to build web services interfaces for manageable resources, iii Iaas Service serves as a broker
Through a Web interface, users may determine GHG emission boundaries based on information providing VM power and their energy sources,
HEANET website, http://www. heanet. ie /12. NORDUNET website, http://www. nordu. net 13. Moth, J.:
GN3 Study of Environmental Impact Inventory of Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Removals †NORDUNET (9/2010
IBBT Website, http://www. ibbt. be /16. Reservoir FP7, http://www. reservoir-fp7. eu /J. Domingue et al.
implicitly builds upon the role of the Internet and Web 2. 0 as potential enablers of
phones), the semantic web, cloud computing, and the Internet of things (Iot) promot -ing real world user interfaces The concept of smart cities seen from the perspective of technologies and compo
and web-based applications of collective intelligence 8, 9 Box: A New Spatiality of Cities-Multiple Concepts
applications enabling data collection and processing, web-based collaboration, and actualisation of the collective intelligence of citizens.
cloud computing and the emerging Internet of things, open data, semantic web, and future media technologies have much to offer.
and experienced on the web. Technologies, such as content and context fusion, immersive multi-sensory environments, location-based
Living Labs. The Web 2. 0 era has pushed cities to consider the Internet, including mobile networks, as a participative tool for engaging citizens and tourists.
such as open innovation and open business models 16, Web 2. 0 17 as well as Living Labs 18, a concept originating from the work of William
Web Squared: Web 2. 0 Five Years On. Special report, Web 2. 0 Summit, Co-produced by O†Reilly & Techweb (2009
18. European commission, DG INFSO: Advancing and Applying Living Lab Methodologies 2010 19. Ballon, P.,Pierson, J.,Delaere, S.,et al.:
Test and Experimentation Platforms for Broad -band Innovation. IBBT/VUB-SMIT Report (2005 446 H. Schaffers et al
engage collective end-user intelligence from Web 2. 0 and Telco 2. 0 models that will
discovered and composed (following Web 2. 0/Telco2. 0 principles and including Qos trust, security,
SIP Services Web Services Configuration A A A D evice M anagem ent Application /Service
Sensor Web Enablement (SWE) activity 26. Its goal is the creation of the founda -tional components to enable the Sensor Web concept,
where services will be capable to access any type of sensors through the web. This has been reflected by a set of
standards used in the platform (Sensorml, Observation & Measurements, Sensor Observation Service, Sensor Planning Service, Sensor Alert Service and Web Notifi
-cation Service 26. Besides the SWE influence, the USN-Enabler relays on existing specifications from the OMA Service Environment (OSE) 27 enablers (such as
Web Services and SIP requests and responses •The Catalogue and Location Entity (CLE) provides mechanisms in a distributed
Iot Platform (presented in Section 3) including Web 2. 0 and Telco 2. 0 design princi
Web. IEEE PERVASIVE computing, April-June (2007 18. Panlab Project, Pan European Laboratory Infrastructure Implementation
â€oeogc Sensor Web Enablement: Overview and High Level Architectureâ€, Open Geospatial Consortium Inc. White paper Version 3
Services on the Web Linked Services Conclusions References Part VII: Future Internet Areas: Content Introduction to Part VII
Overtext Web Module V3.0 Alpha
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