According to the game†s website, World of Warcraft is a â€oemassively Mul -tiplayer Online Role-playing game (MMORPG), set in the high-fantasy universe centered around
Several independent websites process this information into databases that allow cross-player comparisons and provide recommendations on how to progress in the game.
this paper, we use a publicly available data set on product usage collected from such a site called
and other announcements from the oï cial game website Although purchase decisions are not the focus of the paper,
First, the website used as a source of the data provides information about experienced users only.
We use data from the website World of Logs18 about the success rates for diï €erent content.
This website provides aggregate statistics about the number of times that users attempted and successfully completed tasks in the game.
or websites in social platforms. In the case of our application, the firm has over the years implemented a number of tools that allowed easier
ionicaoncoiu@yahoo. ro, Romania Small firms are big business in the aid of economic development.
/Calcmykprofile (U s. Web Coated 50swop 51 v2 /srgbprofile (srgb IEC61966-2. 1 /Cannotembedfontpolicy/Error /Compatibilitylevel 1. 4
dacian. coita@yahoo. com Sorin Teodor Constantin Unicredit Tiriac Bank S. A 2-4 Unirii Square, RO-410072, Oradea, Romania
images onto the website, establishing payment solutions, doing the advertising, etc. †When asked to describe a unique new product,
stakeholders through conferences, seminars, website and public ations
Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission The societal impact of the World wide web--key challenges for the 21st century
the Web Digital Social Innovation The Young Foundation September 2010 Over 27 million Britons have a Facebook profilei,
self-created content to the web, and the same amount post messages to chat sites
blogs and newsgroups. ii Nearly a quarter of UK mobile phones users now have a Smartphone, with over 18 per cent using their devices to access social media sites or
blogs. iii We know that digital technology is transforming our professional and social lives. But could it also be ushering in a new age of civic and political engagement
predominately through the web. For example, in Tower Hamlets, a London borough with a large Bangladeshi population, Maslaha has been working with the Primary
advice is provided on Maslaha†s diabetes website through videos in community languages. x Digital technology makes it much easier to expand the realms of social innovation
social innovators to build effective, web-based solutions to social problems, resulting in digital innovations such as Mypolice-a tool for people to feed back their positive
www. Fixmystreet. com is a website that allows users to easily report an issue with
†hyperlocal mediaâ€), freely available web tools are assisting communities to become digitally empowered The Young Foundation†s Local 2. 0 programme aims to learn more about how
communities can be empowered using the web and is piloting several projects with four English local authorities:
for council officers on how to engage with communities via the web, to the creation
of community websites that help people connect with one another and discuss local issues. www. Fairstead. org is a new hyperlocal website developed as part of Local 2. 0
for a neighbourhood in King†s Lynn, West Norfolk. The website †created at low cost
through a partnership of local people and local agencies-aims to build local networks, improve communication between residents and agencies, and increase
It might be taken to include the Google search engine which arguably has created more value for society than even the value that
how to run web-based exchange systems, or road charging. But more often the elements of the new paradigm are not self-evident;
The site received 120,000 unique visits and a total of 873,476 hits 40 These are remarkable participation rates, far exceeding similar experiments in
become tangled in a web of dysfunctional rules, regulations and procedures Kafka Brigades gather together all involved front line workers, managers and
-peer micro-lending site, enables individuals to lend small sums of money to entrepreneurs on low incomes.
posted on the website, becoming available for scrutiny by potential investors Repayment is guaranteed as field partners are responsible for entrepreneurs
research, to Google who provide support by means of internet advertising As a result of its strong network of supporters and partners, producing clear
are available to view on Triodos†website Civil society and the grant economy Civil society and the grant economy are rich sources of social innovation â€
create web-based social start-ups. lxxxiii Inspired by start-up and technology oriented events such as Barcamp, Hackday and Seedcamp, 2
Hackdays, like Barcamps, focus on early stage web applications, but they are far more intense; software developers code continuously for 24 hours
anyone can submit an idea or a problem which a web -based tool might be able to help solve-these are posted publicly online.
into teams around selected ideas and asked to develop a website prototype over the next 2 days.
time with the web development company, Headshift and roughly 10 hours of development time with the development agency, the Creative Co-op
provided with a range of supports which include branding, web and tech support, policy work, media and PR and internal/external evaluations.
software and web-based social networking around issues such as the management of chronic disease or childcare.
communities, each community has its own local website. Each local website is updated and managed by a local mum,
thus allowing for the information and networking possibilities available to be specific to individual communities.
evidence and information from emails, blogging sites, and online forums on the site. A series of publications are produced to provide further general
guidance The website also facilitates a meet up scheme where mothers can meet each other in person.
Often these meetings result in new friendship and support circles (especially among those who have moved to a new area, or those who
Web (CERN. However, there are numerous structural features of government that inhibit risk taking, experimentation and innovation.
•Innovation Exchange website-an online forum for sharing and developing ideas for social innovation
However, within the complex web of existing NHS and local government frameworks, innovation is notoriously difficult to deliver.
have been helped greatly by the ability of the web to draw in a far wider range of people and ideas-new online platforms are enabling people to take
web 2. 0 tools provided the best means of communicating widely at little cost Initially, and unsuccessfully, they tried to canvass public opinion through
social networking sites such as Myspace and Youtube. However, they decided that a wiki would be more appropriate †it was practical and easy to
peak, the site received 10,000 visits in one day. cxiv Suggestions included a governance board of eminent kiwis, a minimum recruiting age for police and
xxxiii http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/History of feminism 120 xxxivwww. disabilityhistory. org; http://bancroft. berkeley. edu/collections/drilm
people incur to visit a site as a proxy for their valuation of that site.
a particular site clviii Social Value Added Working group of the EQUAL National Thematic Network for
Information technologies and web 2. 0 tools are transforming how people interact, notwithstanding the necessity of physical space and meetings for the exchange of
project website: www. socialinnovator. info Dr Michael Harris, NESTA Published March 2010 CONTENTS 1 CONTENTS
launched an accompanying website, www. socialinnovator. info, to gather comments, case studies and new methods We†re also very conscious of what†s not in here.
These sites show how to run competitions for †mash up†ideas from citizens using government data, such as Sunlight Labs and Show Us a
UK, the website Report Empty Homes, sponsored by the Empty Homes Agency, allows citizens to report empty properties around the UK
User feedback on service quality, including web-based models such as Patient Opinion and I Want Great care that hold service
through many routes, from surveys and websites to user representation on management boards and committees
40) Web-based tools for co-design, such as the Australian site for people with disabilities and their carers, web2care
PROPOSALS AND IDEAS 31 2 32 THE OPEN BOOK OF SOCIAL INNOVATION 41) Creative thinking methods such as Edward De Bono†s †Six Thinking
spawn a number of similar websites, including the Norwegian Ideas Bank (which focuses mainly on issues of environmental sustainability
Innovation, a website which enables people to make suggestions for improving their healthcare systems. These websites include a vast range
of ideas †everything from the brilliant to the downright absurd. But even when ideas are evidently excellent,
Youtube can be used as a virtual video booth 58) Suggestion boxes within organizations are the most basic method for
website, based on the principles as laid out in President Obama†s Memorandum on collaborative, participatory and transparent
The website enables citizens to take part in a discussion about the best way to effect the President†s Memorandum in three
One example in the UK is the Prime Minister†s e-Petitions website which has had nearly 10 million petitioners.
73) Webinars are a fairly simple device for organising seminars over the web. Examples include the webinars organised by the Cities of Migration
network which have linked NGOS, foundations and academics involved in social action related to diversity around the world
74) Dialogue Cafã uses state of the art video conferencing (Telepresence to link up citizens from all around the world.
hybrid cars through Google, and C40 city governments. An example of open-testing, Google†s initiative hopes to educate consumers body
Image courtesy of Google, Inc 3 54 THE OPEN BOOK OF SOCIAL INNOVATION Finance for emerging ideas
those around the web that share knowledge and intellectual property 106) Business strategies. The context for a business model is a business
of a key input such as a critical site or personnel (as in sport. Mapping a
business models adopted by web companies which, like social ventures have an interest in maintaining free access, while at the same time
structures are the site of contending pressures of goals and interests. The organisation may have a social goal of benefitting others,
considerable web-based innovation in this field, with websites providing guidance on organisational forms, and governance.
example is One Click Organisations, an ultra simple web-based tool for creating new organisations, changing constitutions, and engaging
or download systems (such as web designs and technologies) that are becoming freely available. One model is
137) Web presence. All social ventures now have to have a website. But their full potential has begun only to be explored.
Many ventures are by their nature information intensive †in respect to the quality and tangibility
as well as establishing a presence on other social networking sites like Youtube and Facebook which can act as feeders to the venture†s website
Above all, a venture needs to devote resources to the constant updating and active hosting of their sites.
A good example is the site of the co -operative football team Ebbsfleet United (My Football Club),
which has a team of six working on their website to involve the members, a model
that could be adopted by many consumer co-ops among others 138) Marketing and branding. Social ventures, particularly those that
placed its most valuable technical information on the web for open access in order to enable its ideas to be adopted more rapidly.
intermediary institutions, the web opens up the possibility of making new types of connections and raising finance from potential consumers
spreading new ideas, for example via a website such as netsquared. org People can take part as collaborators, co-producers, consumers, activists
through a network of online communities, web related resources and peer review. Another example is Australian Social Innovation Exchange
197) Diffusion through the web. Viral marketing techniques can be used to tap into existing social networks and spread social ideas.
multidimensional needs are a key site for potential collaboration Communities of Practice are one important type of collaboration (see
Members of the Network are supported also with branding, web and technical support, policy work, media and PR, and internal/external
time and travel cost expenses that people incur to visit a site as a proxy
for their valuation of that site. Because travel and time costs increase with distance it†s possible to construct a †marginal willingness to payâ€
curve for a particular site 5 SCALING AND DIFFUSION 103 212) Social accounting matrices and satellite accounts are used to
The web has brought also systemic innovation to retailing and news, and has the potential (albeit not yet
This involves a wide range of issues from the use of the web to the nature of technology and the design of distributed systems which
used on networks like ebay, and more formal legal devices (like public databases). ) With the increasing mixing of voluntary and professional
245) Platform infrastructures, such as feedback sites on public services or M-PESA€ s platform for phone-based banking
It was created in 2000 on the site of the old Toronto General Hospital. Image courtesy of Mars Discovery District
meeting social needs to design web-based solutions to particular social challenges. Over one weekend, groups have to design
functioning website 136 THE OPEN BOOK OF SOCIAL INNOVATION Innovation networks Networks can serve as alternatives to formal organisational structures within
developed a website called Mypolice †a tool for members of the public to give feedback,
social networking sites such as Facebook, Orkut, and Bebo, or collaborative projects such as Wikipedia. It is easy to see the generative potential of
platforms: as more people get involved, the wider the scope and reach, and by extension, the greater the social impact.
This includes websites which provide user -generated information such as ehow and Netmums. Netmums provides information on a variety of local resources †including child-friendly
half a million members who use the site on a regular basis †uploading and contributing information 308) Platforms for connecting.
This includes social networking websites Facebook, Orkut, and Bebo, as well as websites which aim to connect people together in real life for particular causes.
One example of this is Landshare †which connects people who want to grow fruit and
Lego have created a web platform †Designbyme 3. 0 †which enables users (mainly children) to design their own Lego sets.
system, the Mozilla Firefox browser, and the Apache web server. These rely on a large and highly distributed community of programmers to
develop, maintain, and improve the software. Peer-to-peer platforms can be characterised by decentralisation, self-selected participation
at every level has been the site of almost constant change †particularly in the last 30 years.
website, Budget Allocator, which offers citizens the chance to shape municipal budgets 330) Sequencing in funding.
rental value of sites after the public investment has been undertaken The Greater london Enterprise Board financed its operational
extension of the Google model where engineers are encouraged to spend 20 per cent of their time developing their own projects.
Civil society and the grant economy are the most common sites of social innovation †in campaigns, social movements, non-governmental organisations
field, the web offers new ways to cut costs and widen connections. Websites like Kiva,
which connect donors with social entrepreneurs, have already been 2 172 THE OPEN BOOK OF SOCIAL INNOVATION
Internet donor sites dramatically reduce the cost of fundraising (estimated at between 15 per cent and 33
We can expect similar websites to develop features like donor forums, star ratings, Good Giving Guides and
Worldchanging, a series of books and a website which includes tens of thousands of stories about new tools, models and ideas for building a
translation software on its Meedan website of Arabic blogs, or Dialogue Cafã and the Social Innovation Exchange (SIX) using Telepresence
The website Your Ethical Money provides advice on how to direct personal investment into green, sustainable and ethical products
-lending website which enables individuals to lend small sums of money to entrepreneurs on low incomes
charities and social enterprises in sites in central London (see also method 487 467) R&d mentored funding prior to start-up lending, such as
Guaranteed Electronic Market (GEM), a web-based market for people to exchange time and loans of products.
or web-based social networking around specific issues (there are reportedly 18 million cancer related websites, the great
majority generated by those affected by the disease. In these instances the innovations are generated outside the market and outside the state, many of
keep discarded items out of landfill sites by gifting them. It now has over five million members in 85 countries
marks to organisations that produce information and moderate websites and forums Propertising not privatising In the social economy, rather than restricting access to knowledge and
-based social innovation that uses web technology to give voice to citizen journalists. Image courtesy of Erik MÃ ller
516) Neighbourhood websites and other media can become hubs for exchanges and local news. Local residents can find out about initiatives
Examples include hyper-local website Boscalicious Year 1 pupils from Collaton St mary Primary school dig up organic
Constructed households as sites of innovation The longstanding practice of institutionalising those with special needs or
Web based platforms for organising grass roots campaigns In the last year alone, Facebook has been used to mobilise protesters
ebay 114 Echoing Green 176 ehow 138 Elderpower 205 Eliasson, Olafur 23 Emerson, Jed 104
Google 53; 165 Gore, Al 26; 95; 96 Governance 67-68; 173-175 Grameen 34;
Mozilla Firefox 139 M-Pesa 115; 183; 184; 202 Mutualism 65 New Mutualism 65 Informal Mutualism 206-207
Philanthropic ebays 172 Plane Stupid 27; 28 Planning for Real 43 Platforms 40; 95; 117;
Web, The 21,38, 45,79, 97,108, 171 Web2care 31 Wellink 205 Welsh Water 65,183 West Philly Hybrid X-Team 170
Wikipedia 138 Wikiprogress 120 Wiser Earth 178 Wordpress 138-139 Workplace as Museum 75 Work Ventures 183
Youtube 39,75 Yumshare 198 Yunus, Muhammad 34,210 Zero Carbon 22,77, 112 Zero Waste 111 Zopa 189
Plane Stupid, Americaspeaks, Dialogue Cafã, Helsinki Design Lab, Google Inc Un Techo para Chile, Riversimple, Working Rite, Danone Communities, Sekem
Web) are the results of Research and Technological Development (RTD) programmes funded by public programmes has grown.
2) web-presence,(3) e-commerce,(4) e-business,(5) networked organizations,(6 digital business ecosystems In the early stages, Internet has been used as new instrument of commercial
web-presence (from 1993) The second phase saw proliferation of an electronic presence, usually through a static Web site.
Actually, those websites â€oelost in cyberspaceâ€, were visited not by the target clients, and the unavoidable
â€oedispersion†of those website led to a limited effectiveness in the cyberspace, partially solved by the establishment of vertical, thematic or regional e-marketplace portals
their own website, but the difference between large enterprises9 and SMES10 and between regions is relevant.
Have their own website the 80%of large enterprises 8 SMES10=enterprises with between 10 and 249 employees
web -presence phases FN, September 2002 Digital Business Ecosystems page 8 6%of Spanish SMES10, 9%of Italian SMES10,
processes are customer call centers, Intranets that link business partners, data warehouses that improve customer relationships
Harnessing the Power of Business Webs, Harvard Business school Press; ISBN: 1578511933;(May 2000 James Moore, Death of Competition:
financial capital, delocalisation and globalisation of production sites, labour and social relationships, etc. Elements like generation and internalization of new skills and abilities
http://www. adimoserver. se/adimo4/(S (kokri4qeowj3nyvt0tkb1s45))/site/kista/web/default. aspx? p=1546&t=h40
context for the development of the Google search algorithm that soon became the basis of a firm formation
Conflict and the Web of Group Affiliations. Translated and edited by Kurt Wolff. Free Press, Glencoe, IL
as well as on the complex web of interactions and on the institutional environment guiding and facilitating the actions and interactions of
sources, like GPS, mobile phones and social networking sites. With the goal to forecast the nationwide consequences of a massive switch to electric vehicles, given the intertwined nature of mobility and power
-agenda/sites/digital -agenda/files/newsroom/data sim 8138 1 83. jpg A Europe 2020 Initiative DIGITAL AGENDA FOR EUROPE
Google Wallet diffusion and adoption by digital natives. ††We think we†ll attract a new client
220 Terabytes of Web Data 9 Petabytes of data -Web 2 billion Internet users by 2011
worldwide 4. 6 billion Mobile phones (worldwide 1 2 3 4 Veracity Fig. 1. 1 Big data drivers and characteristics
analytics capabilities for an ††Industrial Internet. ††http://sites. tcs. com/big data-study
firms by using mobile phones, emails, intranet, internet, and faxes, and between the business and its customers.
example of cloud computing service provider is Google, which uses its own infra -structure that contains three independent
Google File system, which is distributed a proprietary file system that is developed by Google to provide efficient, reliable access to data using large clusters of
Application Layer ---Business Applications, Web Services Multimedia Platforms ---Software Framework (Java, Python. NET Storage (DB/File
Infrastructure ---Computation (VM) Storage (Block Hardware ---CPU, Memory, Disk, Bandwidth Resources Managed at Each Layer
Google Apps, Facebook Youtube Microsoft Azure Google Appengine Amazon Simple DB/S3 Amazon EC2 Gogrid
Flexiscale Data centres Fig. 2. 2 Cloud computing architecture. Adapted from 5 Fig. 2. 1 The three layers of cloud computing. Adapted from 4
2. 1 Introduction 25 commodity servers. The second one is the Big Table, which is simplified a model
applications that Google is running on its servers. The previous three systems rep -resent data storage, data management and programming models respectively 5
Int J Web Serv Res 8: 26†53. doi: 10.4018/JWSR. 2011070102 10. Gai K, Li S (2012) Towards cloud computing:
•the rise of Groupon North america Transactions Completed on mobile (45%of total transactions) 2
•Semantic web languages and technologies 5 for representing service resources •Universal Description Discovery and Integration (UDDI) for
implementing registries of web services 6 •Standards-based solutions for reuse, interoperability, and composition of services 7
processes as web services, such as, e g.,, the Business Process Execution Language (BPEL) 10 •Usage models based service invocation
Social networking •Facebook, Twitter, Google, etc +Smart mobile communications •iphone, ipad, Android OS Smartphones and tablets
Cloud computing •Amazon, dropbox, Google, Salesforce. com, Windows Azure, etc High bandwidth telecommunication networks •Comcast, AT&T, Verizon, etc
and web-based, that we adopt to summarize the diversity of the ones available at the state of the art
As for the web-based development model, it focuses on applications using the web browser already installed on the devices.
It is worth noting that due to the highly standardization required by this model, the applications may not exploit the
•Deploy the application through a leaner channel (Web vs. EAS€ Enterprise Application Systems Finally, we consider a hybrid development model.
which built applications using web technologies that ensure por -tability, however, integrating them with specific characteristics of the different
-liarity, fitting to a native development model or else to a web-based one •Consider the business impacts of the benefits related to a reduction of time and
operating systems (Apple, Samsung, Google, Microsoft, RIM thus with a degree of freedom and control over the application
5. Antoniou G, van Harmelen F (2008) A semantic web primer, 2nd edn. MIT Press, Cambridge
7. Papazoglou M (2007) Web services: principles and technology. Prentice hall, Englewood Cliffs 8. Shuler JA (2001) XML, UDDI, and SOAP:
vision grows out of the specific Web 2. 0 technologies current configuration producing unpredictable information accessibility,
collective intelligence applications differ from Web 2. 0 applications because they can be designed custom applications for small highly specialized domains instead
of the larger Web audience 7. Furthermore collective intelligence applications have the following characteristics 7, that is they
forms and 34%preferred web advertisement 8. In this scenario, the marketing intelligence has evolved and further focused on what we can call social listening
websites, blogs or social media that really talk about the products or issues we are actually looking for.
this aim, systems able to interpret the overall opinion on a blog, website, or social
of view, ontologies enable Web documents annotation, making the process of querying formulation and reaching accurate results easier 21.
web documents) in different formats, from images and texts to more structured formats like those used in traditional relational database 21
tools and the 2. 0 web technologies†spread, firms that wanted to understand con -sumers†opinions had to conduct long and costly market researches.
As well as a search engine allows searching information through websites, an opinion search engine can easily find judgments and evaluations about the argument
mentioned, had been (and, will be enabled by the diffusion of Web 2. 0 4. 3 Information Growth and Market Opinion 73
However, the adoption of these technologies based on web applica -tions is influenced by the ability to properly develop security policies.
Moreover, in addition to web browsers, also web server software can be easily attacked by malware and other threats.
they must be well-defined in advance according to the specific case or web application cluster, always considering the preferences, behaviors and habits of the
lot of websites gives users the chance to rate comments helping other users in their researches.
and web technologies to infer data about people preferences, activities, and their social environments 35
•Google Latitude •Google Public Location Badge •Mobile Location used with Google+Hangouts
•Navizon (http://www. navizon. com /•ilocalis (http://ilocalis. com /•Citysense (https://www. sensenetworks. com/products
/macrosense-technology-platform/citysense /•Macrosense (https://www. sensenetworks. com/products /macrosense-technology-platform /Grocery Bargain Hunting, Feedback/Product recommendation
services, the latter usually related to semantic web 38 •new market signals that come out straight from end-users, by means, e g.,
Some distribution format, such as web inter -faces or mobile services, can be integrated easily with instruments for usersâ€
Web 1. 0, 2. 0 or 3. 0 applications Social media, etc Market signals Fig. 4. 3 An advanced model of marketing intelligence based on cooperation and new
wikis, forums for discussion, video services (Youtube and Slideshare), have provided dynamic and direct sources for interact and collect/share information.
Tsytsarau M, Palpanas T (2011) Survey on mining subjective data on the web. Data Min
Soc. web search Min. ACM, Hong kong pp 65†68 16. Li Y, Ma S, Zhang Y, Huang R, Kinshuk (2013) An improved mix framework for opinion
Tamma V (2010) Semantic web support for intelligent search and retrieval of business knowledge. IEEE Intell Syst 25:
analyzing predictive opinions on the web. In The Joint Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural language processing and Computational
decision making using web 2. 0 content. IEEE Intell Syst 26: 78†82 33. Jindal N, Liu B (2008) Opinion spam and analysis. In:
Conference Web Search Data Min ACM, New york, pp 219†230 34. Schuster D, Rosi A, Mamei M, Springer T, Endler M, Zambonelli F (2013) Pervasive social
Antoniou G, van Harmelen F (2008) A semantic web primer, 2nd edn. MIT Press, Cambridge 39.
not only in their markets but also in the Web. This Chapter aims to provide a better
Amazon and Google, where staggering amounts of data are stored for retrieval from almost anywhere in the world.
channels such as social networking, chatting and blogging websites. The ability to mobilize cross-disciplinary teams on the virtual space is essential for success
and social platforms capabilities through web-based apps, employees can be productive regardless of whether they work at the office or remotely.
example, by the beginning of 2011, the average user of Facebook website spent 1, 400 min,
websites and 63%ban their employees from saving personal data and files on company†s computers.
instant messaging, fax machines, voice mail and web publishing tools. The second class is the electronic conferencing tools, in which,
groupware and from web conferencing systems. The main difference from groupware is the degree of collaboration.
Moreover, web conferencing systems and electronic meeting systems complement each other†s capabilities during the online conference or workshop
EMS systems extend the web conferencing system by providing tools that enable interactive production and documentation of group results.
In contrast, web con -ferencing software complement EMS with screen-sharing as well as the ability for
•Users became more familiar with web conferencing tools which helped in overcoming the traditional cultural barriers that hindered the use of such
•The cost of such systems before using the web has been reduced, likewise •The number of people who can work on systems simultaneously and efficiently
blogs, wiki pages, newsgroup, social networking sites and shared calendars 14 Nonsynchronous conferencing offers its members the flexibility and control over
Sharepoint, IBM Lotus notes and Google apps for business. The latter one con -tains many useful applications such as Google doc for file sharing among team
members, Google Calendar for scheduling meeting at times that works for everyone with features such as reminders, Google Drive for storing, sharing and
accessing files from everywhere, Google Sheets that enable spreadsheet 6. 4 Digital Collaboration Systems and Ideas 123
management with easy charts and discussion style comments, and finally, Google Slides that allow users to create presentations together
Also, Siglin 17 has provided examples of other video collaboration software The first one is provided by Accordent Inc,
Google Drive and Google docs Google Drive is a file storage and synchronization service provided by Google and
it provides users with features related to cloud storage, file sharing and documents editing in a collaborative manner.
In this service, the files shared publicly on Google Drive can be searched with web search engines. Google docs is a freeware
web-based office suite offered by Google within its Google Drive service. It allows users to create
and edit documents, spreadsheets and presentations online while collaborating with other users live. With Google docs, users and companies can do
and then access them from a Web browser or their local device. It allows users to keep the files private,
directly within a Web browser •It provides the ability to integrate with Microsoft office and outlook
Also, Microsoft offers a web-based 6. 4 Digital Collaboration Systems and Ideas 125 version of Onenote as part of Skydrive or Office Web Apps, providing users with
ability to modify notes via a Web browser. This software allows companies and users to •create notes, outlines, clippings of websites,
and collections of images •share and collaborate the created notes •access the notes from mobiles, Web or desktop devices
•outlines collaborative presentations •maintain a shared repository for research and project notes •maintain a digital field journal
6. 4. 6 Online Communities Online community represents a virtual community that exits on the internet and the
websites that are organized by their own members who can access interactive discussions and share documents and media files 4. These communities can be
and intelligence to identify distorted words on websites. Moreover, many other websites such as Google books and the New york times, use this kind of service
for text digitization 22 Nevertheless, despite its powerful features, many research areas related to Crowdsourcing need to be covered.
humans†abilities to detect the meaning of distorted words on websites. This project is initiated by computer scientists from Carnegie mellon University, in
understanding abilities to identify two unclear words on websites they use. The distorted words were chosen from scanned books and digital archives, which
the websites, in order to identify themselves as humans and not automated services or programs, they contribute to digitizing books
The second case study discusses the digital collaboration in educational web -inars. This word is combination of †web†and †seminarâ€
that is conducted over the web. This technology provides a platform for people to communicate and collaborate over separated geographical locations by using the
The Webinar platform is entering the education field after it proved its effectiveness in the business arena
using webinar in the field of education. In their research, they explained Campus Connect Initiative as a project that was launched in 2004 by Infosys Technologies
Wikipedia. http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki /Collaborative software 17. Siglin T (2011) Video collaboration tools. Streaming Media, pp 60†64
Web. Commun ACM 54:86. doi: 10.1145/1924421.1924442 22. Kittur A (2010) Crowdsourcing, collaboration and creativity.
-based character recognition via web security measures. Science (80-)321: 1465†1468 25. Verma A, Singh A (2010) Webinar†education through digital collaboration.
Technol Web Intell 2: 131†136. doi: 10.4304/jetwi. 2. 2. 131-136 References 131
actual leadership consolidation of companies such as Facebook, Twitter, or Google allow creating digital business as a platform exploiting the above infrastructure
perspective on digital business identity as related to phone numbers, web and email addresses. As for this issue, according to an independent study commissioned by
numbers, email and web addresses may lead to an increase number of business prospects, e g.,
email and web address, in order to avoid loss in revenue and ††contacts††with
advertising on top running sites (e g.,, Runnersworld. com), rich media banner including 60 custom videos,
digital brand community, that is the web community ††my Nutella The Commu -nity††promoted in Italy in early 2004 by the firm Ferrero, an Italian based
numbers, email and web addresses, etc. and savvy investments on digital media in the outer context of organizations;
, to web existence of firm, since sometimes, web teams and business divisions within organizations tend all to claim the ownership of the organizational web presence
Indeed, the web teams feel they should take the control over the websites and social channels because they feel they have the skills
and knowledge to maintain the quality of web presence. Similarly, business managers and employees think
Table 8. 1 Governance benefits for risks associated to key decision making areas Key decision making areas Risks Governance benefits
Identifying the relevant decisions Misdirected effort Good governance allows to identify the decisions that have a real impact on
that they should own this ability over their parts of the website because they think
which includes not only the core web team and business stakeholders but also the web managers within the organization and deep and rich support infrastructure that
can include legal department, business experts and ICT specialists as well as external vendors. Most importantly, those team members need to realize that they
federal web managers council 16. Although these recommendations were created to be applied in US government offices, we believe that the proposed six steps (1
registered domain on the Web were aimed entirely at attracting as many users as possible to their websites,
which provided some service, and to pursue this end they faced huge advertising investments. However these companies lacked a
business model that could convert the number of users who visited their sites in cash flows and profits.
In particular, the web offers unique and unprecedented meeting and exchange opportunities between companies and customers.
Web servers can monitor and record the navigation of millions of users and produce in
, web-based supply chain management 176 9 Reinventing Business models systems, online commerce, interactive customer service) that enable the creation
Yahoo! 41,42 9. 5 The Business model in the Information and Communication Economy The consolidation of the information and communication economy is the culmi
In fact, the search engines like Google and Yahoo! are some of the most visited websites and they make money thanks to
sponsored links and paid advertising; what they sell is really just the attention of people who use them,
so the larger their user base, the higher the revenue, while the product, that is the selected information, is offered free of charge to the
models that are most popular among Web 2. 0 companies, which exploits the peculiarities of the information economy, is the so-called ††freemium††(combi
harnessing the power of business webs Harvard Business school Press, Cambridge 18. Amit R, Zott C (2001) Value creation in E-business.
-ground and experience on Google software, developed at the IBM Research Lab in Haifa, while his two partners both have extensive experience in the banking
than what any company, other than Google or Facebook, does The simple idea behind Macrosense and the other related services developed by
the web, using crowdsourced data to harness the collective knowledge of millions of consumers reporting every day about billing complaints and suspicious mer
Google, Paypal, Verisign and Sun microsystems In Table 10.5 the time-to-market drivers of competitiveness display an
participants, video cameras, whiteboards, web-based or networked media, or applications running elsewhere. Digitization of physical content is also possible by
Web documents annotation, 70 Webex, 129 Wii, 4 Wordnet, 70 Index 215 Foreword Preface Acknowledgments
Google Drive and Google docs Microsoft Skydrive Microsoft Onenote 6. 4. 6 Online Communities 6. 4. 7 Crowdsourcing
Overtext Web Module V3.0 Alpha
Copyright Semantic-Knowledge, 1994-2011