Amazon com (21) | ![]() |
America online (3) | ![]() |
Ask jeeves (3) | ![]() |
Baidu (3) | ![]() |
Bing (3) | ![]() |
Bitnet (3) | ![]() |
Ebay (57) | ![]() |
Freeserve (3) | ![]() |
Google (361) | ![]() |
Groupon (5) | ![]() |
Hotbot (3) | ![]() |
Infoseek (3) | ![]() |
Inktomi (3) | ![]() |
Internet portal (44) | ![]() |
Internet provider (17) | ![]() |
Microsoft network (3) | ![]() |
Netscape (3) | ![]() |
Rapidshare (3) | ![]() |
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Wikipedia (144) | ![]() |
Yahoo (26) | ![]() |
Youtube (62) | ![]() |
The Google business model based on advertisements generates intellectual and visual pollution and is an important theft of time â time to find how to close the advertisement window
According to Google Product Manager, their undersea fiber optical cable system needs extra protection because of shark attacks.
For that, Google cables are being wrapped in Kevlar-like material to prevent shark bites from damaging the line.
3 http://www. digiworldsummit. com. 10 The Innovation Biosphere Google has evolved from search engine to many other services related to data collected from users
Google are said to use 50%less energy than the typical data center. Designed to best use the natural environment and conditions,
Google also developed a machine-learning algorithm (artificial intelligence (AI)) that learns from operational data to model plant performance
NOTE. â this study was sponsored by Google offering cloud services. We can certainly improve these results
The fact that Google bought the drones-maker Titan Aerospace is not insignificant. Drones also serve a military purpose that targets people, not always terrorists.
The users of Microsoft, Google, Ecosia and others have to set a search language, which will limit the results of search to the chosen language.
Google recently announced their diagnostic system using nanotechnology inside the human body for early detection of diseases.
âoebuying behaviorsâ in the Google or Facebook servers without any possibility to control them by tracked persons?
managed by the almighty Google, a world full of devices and âoebrainlessâ people driven by technology. 182 The Innovation Biosphere To face the crisis,
ALP 14 ALPENIA A.,Googleâ s Nanotechnology, Red herring, available at http://www. redherring. com/hardware/googles-nanotechnology-microsoft-band-hp-goes-3d/,2 november 2014.
GOO 14 GOOGLE GREEN, Designing efficient data centers, http://www. google. com/green/efficiency/datacenters/,2014.
Retrieved from http://www. google. dk/books? idâ LTR93XIADTEC&PGISÂ 1 Butner, K. 2010. The smarter supply chain of the future.
-and-respond organizations (Google ebook)( p. 295). Harvard Business Press. Retrieved from http://books google. com/books?
An appropriately formulated Google search can easily identify a range of offerings for a particular PTBS that âoecompeteâ with an organizationâ s internal and external service offering (s). The key issues here are:
and the ease of deployment by using the regular means for distribution of mobile applications like Appstore or Google Play.
A classical example is that of Google analytics that offers free analysis of web browsing behavior, ready at the fingertips of any decision-maker.
Facebook, Linkedin, Google+,Youtube, Pinterest, etc. but many organizations have jumped also on the social bandwagon,
His work is cited highly (highest H-index among European computer scientists, 115 according to Google Scholar. In 2012, he received the doctor honoris causa from Hasselt University, Belgium.
Take Apple and Google â often held up as the paradigmatic cases of open vs. closed strategies. 4 The basic analysis runs that Apple is â closedâ â keeping tight control of Apple products
while Google is â openâ â allowing other developers and organisations to develop their own innovations on its software. 5
Atlantic Books 5 http://googleblog. blogspot. com/2009/12/meaning-of-open. html 6 http://techcrunch. com/2011/03/25/search-googles-castle
In his August 2011 Mactaggart lecture, Google Chairman Eric Schmidt takes this line, suggesting Britainâ s failings are at the level of national policy:
Companies such as Google, SAP, Microsoft, Facebook, Dell and IBM are emerging partners with EI in supporting startups.
%Corporate leaders in ICT R&d investment Nokia Ericsson Canon Huawei Alcatel Lucent Microsoft Intel Cisco IBM Google-10%0%10%20
Google is goi ith them. An celerate our mploy 8 peo bout to secu expand beyo he opportun andâ s Bes oung Entrepr support entr f new innova neurs enteri
Google Inc. cited troubles in obtaining work visas for its prospective employees as a reason to set up its âoefirst engineering research and development centreâ outside the US in Bangalore in India (The Hindu,
) Many firms, including as reputed names as Google and Infosys, are complaining of a shortage of suitable candidates.
G#7v 7032 Google 0#8#google Google G#8v 7033 Google G#8v 7034 Google analytics
G#8v 7035 Google bar G#8v 7036 Google books G#8v 7037 Google desktop G#8v 7038 Google earth
G#8v 7039 Google labs G#8v 7040 Google map G#8v 7041 Google news G#8v 7042 Google search
G#8v 7043 Google street view G#8v 7044 Google summer of code G#8v 7045 Google talk G#8v 7046 GOOGLE TV
G#8v 7047 Google voice G#8v 7048 Google web api 0#8#google analytics Google 0#8#google bar Google
0#8#google books Google 0#8#google desktop Google 0#8#google earth Google 0#8#google labs Google
0#8#google map Google 0#8#google news Google 0#8#google search Google 0#8#google street view Google
0#8#google summer of code Google 0#8#google talk Google 0#8#google tv Google 0#8#google voice Google
0#8#google web api Google 0#8#igoogle Google G#8v 7049 igoogle G#7v 7050 Groupon
0#8#groupon Groupon G#7v 7051 Hotbot 0#8#hotbot Hotbot G#7v 7052 Infoseek
0#8#infoseek Infoseek G#7v 7053 Inktomi 0#8#inktomi Inktomi G#7v 7054 Internet portal
0#8#internet portal Internet portal 0#8#web portal Internet portal G#7v 7055 Internet provider 0#8#internet provider Internet provider
G#7v 7056 Microsoft network 0#8#microsoft network Microsoft network G#7v 7057 Netscape 0#8#netscape Netscape
G#7v 7058 Rapidshare 0#8#rapidshare Rapidshare G#7v 7059 Terra lycos 0#8#terra lycos Terra lycos
G#7v 7060 Wikipedia 0#8#wikipedia Wikipedia G#7v 7061 Yahoo 0#8#yahoo Yahoo
G#7v 7062 Youtube 0#8#youtube Youtube G#6v 7063 Webcast G#7v 7064 Audio webcast
0#8#audio webcast Audio webcast G#7v 7065 Live webcast 0#8#live webcast Live webcast G#7v 7066 Webcast
0#8#webcast Webcast G#6v 7067 Webinar 0#7#webinar Webinar G#6v 7068 Webmaster
0#7#webmaster Webmaster G#6v 7069 Website G#7v 7070 Intranet 0#8#intranet Intranet
G#7v 7071 Website 0#8#site Website 0#8#web hosting Website 0#8#website Website
G#6v 7072 Webzine 0#7#webzine Webzine G#4v 7073 Javastation 0#5#javastation Javastation
G#4v 7074 Local area network G#5v 7075 Ethernet 0#6#ethernet Ethernet G#5v 7076 Local area network
0#6#local area network Local area network G#4v 7077 Networking devices G#5v 7078 Networking device 0#6#networking device Networking device
G#5v 7079 Router 0#6#router Router 0#6#wireless router Router G#3v 7080 Data transfer rates
G#4v 7081 Data transfer rate 0#5#data transfer rate Data transfer rate G#4v 7082 Gigabit per second 0#5#gbps Gigabit per second
0#5#gigabit per second Gigabit per second G#4v 7083 Kilobit per second 0#5#kbps Kilobit per second 0#5#kilobit per second Kilobit per second
G#4v 7084 Megabit per second 0#5#mbps Megabit per second 0#5#megabit per second Megabit per second G#4v 7085 Terabit per second
0#5#tbps Terabit per second 0#5#terabit per second Terabit per second G#3v 7086 Fax G#4v 7087 Fax
0#5#fax Fax G#4v 7088 Teletypewriter 0#5#teletypewriter Teletypewriter G#3v 7089 Global network
0#4#global network Global network G#3v 7090 Headset 0#4#headset Headset G#3v 7091 Intercom
0#4#intercom Intercom G#3v 7092 Mobile telecommunications technology G#4v 7093 3g 0#5#3g 3g
G#4v 7094 3gpp 0#5#3gpp 3gpp 0#5#3rd generation partnership project 3gpp G#4v 7095 4g
0#5#4g 4g G#4v 7096 GSM G#5v 7097 Gsm 0#6#global system for mobile communications Gsm
0#6#gsm Gsm G#5v 7098 Gsm edge 0#6#gsm edge Gsm edge G#4v 7099 Mobile telecommunications technology
0#5#mobile telecommunications technology Mobile telecommunications technology G#4v 7100 UMTS G#5v 7101 Umts 0#6#umts Umts
The site also has a Google Refine reconciliation function that matches legal entities to company names.
domain owners, domain users, Intermediaries, Registrars, Google, facebook, Twitter, etc. dothiv itself -Raise awareness and de-stigmatise
such as the Google suite, Algodoo116, Brainpop117 and Dragon Box118. In the area of new learning environments
Such evaluation can be delegated to algorithms, like in the case of Google Pagerank, where search results are ordered according to different criteria such as relative
commercial enterprises such as Google. At the same time, new collaborative and civil society based projects such as Wikipedia have also
different actors are Wikipedia, Google and Europeana. While on the one hand these actors are competitors and hold suspicions of one
The Google books Project, the most famous example of mass digitisation, is by no means the only one.
While Google's projects were, and still remain controversial and contested, they have been very successful and
them, for example within the Google Art Project. Google is a dominant commercial player in the field,
but there are many others -competition is just a mouse click away Although clearly museums have so far not been
age, Wikipedia, Google and the countless others. These new players have opportunities and capacities in the digital age that museums
State Library and Google entered into a very beneficial partnership, but as they did not
dominated by private companies, like Google or Wikipedia. Through Europeana, the EU has established a platform that will not only
http://www. google. ie/#hl=en&biw=1020&bih=539&sa=X&ei=kwamtfqh F9 -qhafzisizcw&ved=0cbqqvwuoaq&q=An+E
Samasource secures contracts with companies including Google, Intuit, and CISCO; it has provided services to Linkedin and the U s. State department,
â¢Large companies such as Amazon, Apple, Google, Microsoft, and RIM, who develop and maintain mobile app ecosystems/platforms
Household tech names such as Google, Intel, Microsoft, Nokia and Vodafone all have a presence there,
as Google, Firefox, Yahoo and other search engines. SEO helps to ensure that a site is accessible to a search engine and
Google summer of code, launched in 2005, is a global programme that has granted over 6 000 stipends to post-secondary developers for writing code for open source software
code. google. com/soc 7. 3 Learning and innovation places The classic notion of the learning place is associated with organized institutions such as schools
and Google, also offer certificates. The self-directed learner can earn some of these certificates online directly.
support from Google) to develop apps for these two systems. The impetus for these efforts started at the
An increasing number of companies known for their hard-nosed approach to businessâ such as Google, IBM, Intel
A growing number of companies known for their hard-nosed approach to businessâ such as GE, Google, IBM, Intel, Johnson
As itunes, Kindle, and Google Scholar (which offers texts of scholarly literature online) demonstrate, profitable new distribution models can also dramatically
Such evaluation can be delegated to algorithms, like in the case of Google Pagerank, where search results are ordered according to different criteria such as relative
from Google and Amazon to Airbnb and Kickstarter. Huge sums of public money have supported digital innovation in business,
commercial entities (like Google) and noncommercial entities (like Wikipedia were able to exploit the âoenetwork effect. â
of which are based in Europe (Google controlling nearly 82%of the global search market and 98%of the mobile search
Google has developed the open source Android operating system and spawned innovation in applica -tions worldwide; Facebook has enabled
by US companies such as IBM, Google and Ciscos, partly because of the lack of alternatives Take for example the commercial success
of Google: Google has built already one of the worldâ s largest networks of computers and data centres for online-search results
and can repurpose their technology in or -der to expand into other data-driven ser
is supported the Google programme Google for Entrepreneurs36 that in 2011 created a campus where innovation and start-ups can meet
Big OTT are Google, Skype, Youtube Netflix, Facebook, Amazon and EBAY 4 Sestini, Fabrizio.``Collective awareness
Google, which allows employees to spend 20%of their time on their own projects, and IKEA which
examples include Google, which allows employees to spend 20%of their time on their own projects,
hybrid cars through Google, and C40 city governments. An example of open-testing, Googleâ s initiative hopes to educate consumers body
Image courtesy of Google, Inc 3 54 THE OPEN BOOK OF SOCIAL INNOVATION Finance for emerging ideas
extension of the Google model where engineers are encouraged to spend 20 per cent of their time developing their own projects.
Google 53; 165 Gore, Al 26; 95; 96 Governance 67-68; 173-175 Grameen 34;
Plane Stupid, Americaspeaks, Dialogue Cafã, Helsinki Design Lab, Google Inc Un Techo para Chile, Riversimple, Working Rite, Danone Communities, Sekem
Powers of companies such as Google and Fa -cebook have a lot of control over an individualâ s
located in Europe (Google controlling nearly 82%of the global search market and 98%of the mobile search
Microsoft to Google. It looks at new institutional and transaction costs economics (Coase, ï oe937;
but simply makes it easier for Google to index and search through images (von Ahn and Dabbish 2005.
digitally native companies such as Skype and Google. Likewise, national research institutes such as INRIA or CNRS are threatened by the research divisions of companies like Google, Yahoo, Microsoft â who now
increasingly dominate premier academic conferences such as the World wide web Conference. The institu -tional infrastructure necessary for cutting-edge research no longer requires state investment, and in fact
site also has a Google Refine reconciliation function that matches legal entities to company names âoea bounty schemeâ:
with Google, Code, is hosted on Github. Overall, Raspberry Pi aims to build an ecosystem of more engaged creator-users,
Raspberry Pi has collaborated also recently with Google to deliver a new open source coding tool called Coder.
Google announced it was giving the Raspberry Pi Foundation a grant worth an estimated £670, 000 to put 15,000 of the devices into UK
you take decisions about do you trust Google, do you trust Amazon, do you trust the BBC, whatever. â
message and placed them on Google maps. This website had 45,000 users in Kenya, and was the central to the Ushahidi team realising there
Google maps API for geocoding. Ushahidi is often set up using a lo -cal SMS gateway created by a local Frontlinesms, a free open source
but simply makes it easier for Google to index and search through images (von Ahn and Dabbish 2005.
digitally native companies such as Skype and Google. Likewise, national research institutes such as INRIA or CNRS are threatened by the research divisions of companies like Google, Yahoo, Microsoft â who now
increasingly dominate premier academic conferences such as the World wide web Conference. The institu -tional infrastructure necessary for cutting-edge research no longer requires state investment, and in fact
site also has a Google Refine reconciliation function that matches legal entities to company names âoea bounty schemeâ:
with Google, Code, is hosted on Github. Overall, Raspberry Pi aims to build an ecosystem of more engaged creator-users,
Raspberry Pi has collaborated also recently with Google to deliver a new open source coding tool called Coder.
Google announced it was giving the Raspberry Pi Foundation a grant worth an estimated £670, 000 to put 15,000 of the devices into UK
you take decisions about do you trust Google, do you trust Amazon, do you trust the BBC, whatever. â
message and placed them on Google maps. This website had 45,000 users in Kenya, and was the central to the Ushahidi team realising there
Google maps API for geocoding. Ushahidi is often set up using a lo -cal SMS gateway created by a local Frontlinesms, a free open source
Google user data requests...29 Figure E. 4. 4: Percentage of user-data requests filed by governments where Google provided at least some
of the data requested...30 9 Introduction 1. 1. The context for this study and the European Strategy and
Google user data requests9 Source: Google transparency reports 9 The category includes the following countries, from
which Google reported having received requests (not all countries are reported to have filed requests in all years covered:
Belgium, Denmark, France, Germany, Hungary Italy, The netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Spain and the United kingdom. It comprises user-data requests, which
Percentage of user-data requests filed by governments where Google provided at least some of the data requested10
Google transparency reports However, it has to be kept in mind that data mining is not only a tool for the surveillance of citizens and
international reputation by attracting global firms, such as Microsoft and Google, to both recruit from the region as well as establish research branches in Waterloo region.
 http://www. standard. co. uk/news/techandgadgets/google- â chief- â london- â can- â be-Â
 Google  Campus  London  where  centres  of  excellence  are
http://www. standard. co. uk/news/techandgadgets/google-Â â chief-Â â london-Â â can-Â â be-Â â
13 Google maps 24 securing business friendly services that are faster and more convenient alternatives to using
services activities with companies such as Facebook, IBM, Dell, Google, HP, Cook and others 3 In-House Call centres
www. google. at/url? sa=t&source=web&cd=1&ved=0cbsqfjaa&url=http%3a%2 F%2fwww2. ademe. fr%2fservlet%2fgetbin%3fname%3d91375dbf7a06a5
from Google and Amazon to Airbnb and Kickstarter. Huge sums of public money have supported digital innovation in business,
commercial entities (like Google) and noncommercial entities (like Wikipedia were able to exploit the âoenetwork effect. â
of which are based in Europe (Google controlling nearly 82%of the global search market and 98%of the mobile search
Google has developed the open source Android operating system and spawned innovation in applica -tions worldwide; Facebook has enabled
by US companies such as IBM, Google and Ciscos, partly because of the lack of alternatives Take for example the commercial success
of Google: Google has built already one of the worldâ s largest networks of computers and data centres for online-search results
and can repurpose their technology in or -der to expand into other data-driven ser
is supported the Google programme Google for Entrepreneurs36 that in 2011 created a campus where innovation and start-ups can meet
Big OTT are Google, Skype, Youtube Netflix, Facebook, Amazon and EBAY 4 Sestini, Fabrizio.``Collective awareness
Google. Googleâ s users â made up of connectors, mavens, and salesmen, to use Gladwellâ s typology â applied
Rather than threatening Google, this external activity has made its product more essential and the company
Similarly, Google. org, the philanthropic arm of Google, is exploring approaches to economic development and poverty as one of three global
enabling companies such as Cisco, Intel, Google, Microsoft, and Visa to help shape policy environments that strengthen the
such as the Development Gateway Foundation, Global Knowledge Partnership, Google, Inter -American Development Bank, Peace corps, UN Foundation, US Agency for International Development, and World
Google. org. n d. Global Economic Development http://www. google. org/development. html (accessed September 21, 2007
49. Hammond et al 2007 50. United nations Development Programme (UNDP. Forthcoming. Growing Inclusive Markets: Business for Development and Development for
Google. org. n d. Global Economic Development http://www. google. org/development. html (accessed September 21 2007
Hammond, Allen L.,William J. Kramer, Robert S. Katz, Julia T. Tran, and Courtland Walker. 2007.
One example is Google dashboard privacy tool, which through a web interface dis -plays to users what information about them is stored
giants like Google, and the different models of business they bring, will increasingly challenge more traditional modes of commerce in many fields.
If you use a search machine like google and search under âoemethode 635â, you will find that there are a
number of Web pages indexed (such as Google) index no more than sixteen per cent of the surface Web.
ï http://www. google. com ï http://www. alltheweb. com ï http://www. msn. com
ï http://www. google. com ï http://www. alltheweb. com ï http://www. msn. com
In a concrete example of the effects that such policies may cause, Google Inc. cited troubles in obtaining work visas for its prospective employees as a reason to set
as reputed names as Google and Infosys, are complaining of a shortage of suitable candidates.
Cisco, Google Motorola (R&d centre), IBM (R&d centre), HP, Delphi (R&d centre Stakeholder and policy dialogues to achieve the ambitions
of Science, and Google Scholar: Strengths and weaknessesâ, The FASEB Journal, Vol. 22, No. 2
companies such as Google and Facebook. 125 Higher taxes on ICT-producing companies may raise the price of ICT goods and services for everyone else.
With the great success of some of the world ICT leaders, such as Apple, Google, Intel, and
Greg Sterling, âoefrance Wants To Tax Facebook, Google â Personal data Collection, â â Marketing Land
January 21, 2013, http://marketingland. com/france-wants-to-tax-facebook-google-personal data -collection-31196; Jacob Albert, âoefrance Wants to Tax Data mining,
or Uber, or Google, or...â Bloombergview February 12, 2014, http://www. bloombergview. com/articles/2014-02-12/france-loves-tech-but-not
-amazon-or-uber-or-google-or -152. Miller and Atkinson, âoeare Robots Taking Our Jobs, or Making Them?
âoewill Not Let Norwegian Enterprises use Google Apps, â Datatilsynet, January 25, 2012 http://www. datatilsynet. no/English/Publications/cloud-computing/Will not-let-Norwegian-enterprises
-of-Google-Apps /184. âoemerkel Proposes Secure European Web, â BBC News, February 15, 2014 http://www. bbc. com/news/world-europe-26210053
1. 16 Growth in daily Google searches, 2007-2013.16 1. 17 Growth in Facebook monthly active users, 2004-2013 (millions of users...
Google remains the leading search engine in most countries, and accounts for around 90 per cent of the search market. 16 The number of
daily Google searches reached almost 6 billion by end 2013 (Chart 1. 16) and the total number
of searches made through Google in 2013 exceeded 2 trillion Social media sites have become the most
Growth in daily Google searches 2007-2013 Source: Partnership (2014), based on http://www. statisticbrain. com/google-searches
providers such as Google, Twitter, Facebook Whatsapp, Netflix, Amazon and many others captures a wide array of behavioural data
Google for example, is running about a thousand experiments at any given point in time (Varian 2013a). ) Telecom network operators make
providers such as Google, Facebook, Twitter etc. Big data from the ICT services industry are already helping to produce large-scale
development purposes is Google Flu Trends GFT). ) Following its launch in 2008, GFT was remarkably accurate in tracking the spread of
Google or other, local (financial, social etc services to provide additional insights. This could be done by using probabilistic analyses to match
Internet companies such as Google or Facebook By linking data collected from different sources and combining subscription data and usage
Twitter, Facebook or Google. For example ITU estimates suggest that 40 per cent of the worldâ s population uses the Internet.
the famous Google pagerank algorithm has spawned an entire industry of organizations that claim to enhance website page rankings, and
the declining veracity of Google Flu Trends GFT), researchers having found influenza-like illness rates as reflected by Google searches to
be no longer necessarily correlating with actual influenza virus infections (Ortiz et al. 2011 Recent research has shown that since 2009
actions of the population that turned to Google with its health queries, and which contributed
and more people turning to Google with their broader health questions, thereby introducing additional search terms (due to different
and producers of big data (Google, Facebook etc.)) â have an important role globally. More work is needed to understand fully the potential
6 See https://www. google. org/denguetrends /7 A good example of this is the Conference Board Help Wanted Online (HWOL) data series that measures the number of new
Askitas, N. and Zimmermann, K. F. 2009), Google econometrics and unemployment forecasting. Retrieved from http://ftp. iza. org/dp4201. pdf
http://static. googleusercontent. com/media/research. google. com/en//archive/papers/initialclaimsus. pdf Choi, H. and Varian, H. 2012), Predicting the present with Google trends.
Economic Record, 88, 2â 9. doi: 10.1111/j. 1475 -4932.2012.00809. x Cisco (2013), Cisco Visual Networking Index:
The parable of Google Flu: traps in big data analysis. Science New york, N y.),343 (6176), 1203â 5. doi:
a comparison of traditional surveillance systems with Google Flu Trends. Plos One, 6 (4), e18687. doi:
from Google and Amazon to Airbnb and Kickstarter. Huge sums of public money have supported digital innovation in business,
commercial entities (like Google) and noncommercial entities (like Wikipedia were able to exploit the âoenetwork effect. â
of which are based in Europe (Google controlling nearly 82%of the global search market and 98%of the mobile search
Google has developed the open source Android operating system and spawned innovation in applica -tions worldwide; Facebook has enabled
by US companies such as IBM, Google and Ciscos, partly because of the lack of alternatives Take for example the commercial success
of Google: Google has built already one of the worldâ s largest networks of computers and data centres for online-search results
and can repurpose their technology in or -der to expand into other data-driven ser
is supported the Google programme Google for Entrepreneurs36 that in 2011 created a campus where innovation and start-ups can meet
Big OTT are Google, Skype, Youtube Netflix, Facebook, Amazon and EBAY 4 Sestini, Fabrizio.``Collective awareness
commissioned by Google, 2010-2011; Mckinsey & Company, Impact d'Internet sur l'Ã conomie franã§aise
"83 Google contribution to the public consultation on the future of electronic commerce in the internal market
85 Joined cases C-236/08 to C-238/08, Google vs. LVMH, judgment of 23.03.2010, for instance par. 113
Google Inc.)stated that the Dirwarn-Font not found: Couriernew ective was not relevant for the liability of a news search service because
however, the Hamburg Court held (in Peterson v Google Inc and others90) that a video sharing site for videos uploaded by third parties cannot benefit
The first case concerned Google's paid referencing service,"Adwords, "and its liability for infringements of trademarks held by The french luxury group LVMH,
104 Joined cases C-236/08 to C-238/08, Google vs. LVMH, judgment of 23.03.2010; available at:
through Google's search engine. These advertisement links appear whenever a"keyword"that can be reserved by an economic operator corresponds to the word (s) entered as a request in
"Louis vuitton")and that Google had prevented not them from doing so. The french Cour de Cassation asked the ECJ
Google) could be held liable for this The ECJ in this case refers to recital 42 in the preamble of the Directive to conclude that an
In analysing the Google"Adwords"service, the ECJ notes that"with the help of software it
has developed, Google processes the data entered by advertisers and the resulting display of the ads is made under conditions which Google controls.
Thus, Google determines the order of display according to, inter alia, the remuneration paid by the advertisement"(paragraph
116). ) However, the ECJ considers that to examine Google's activity in the light of recital 42
"the role played by Google in the drafting of the commercial message which accompanies the advertisement link or in the establishment or selection of keywords is relevant"(paragraph
118, underlining added The second ruling from the ECJ on the liability exemption regime concerns ebay and L'Orã al
by L'Orã al, from paid internet referencing services (such as Google's"Adwords"."In parallel to this, L'Orã al had identified several infringements of its trademarks through/by the selling
4 of Chapter II of that directive (see Google France and Google, paragraph 112 "Paragraphs 110-112
those data (Google France and Google, paragraphs 114 and 120".("Paragraph 113 "the mere fact that the operator of an online marketplace stores offers for sale on its
provided for by Directive 2000/31 (see, by analogy, Google France and Google, paragraph 116 Where, by contrast, the operator has provided assistance which entails, in particular
Google case. The AG claims to"have some difficulties"with the conclusion of the Court
Similarly, on 20 november 2010 the Commission started investigations into Google following allegations of abuse of market dominance in the areas of online search, online
Commission probes allegations of antitrust violations by Google, IP/10/1624 30.1.2010, available at 77
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