Cisco systems. Available at: http://www. cisco. com/CRM: Customer Relation Management CSR: Corporate Social Responsibility EC:
Some of the smartphones†companies, such as Nokia and Sony, are collecting obsolete devices from the users.
from a local market to the global one; from sustainable products to planned obsolescence and we thereby created new problems to solve.
Their offer relies on CDMA6 mobile phone voice and data communication, primarily via Verizon Wireless in the United states and Bell Mobility in Canada,
Some companies such as Bouygues telecom organize Open Days to show their innovations and get feedback from visitors.
BOU 14 BOUYGUES TELECOM History of home automation, Domotique. Quand l†habitat devient â€oesmartâ€, available at http://innovations. bouyguestelecom. fr/dossiers/domotique-quand-l-habitat-devient-smart, 2014.
She worked in the large projects carried out with Duodecim (the Finnish Medical Society), Pfizer Finland Ltd, Nokia Ventures, Nokia Mobile phones, etc.
December 2009, published in Dutch ï The international expansion path of Bekaert, AB-Inbev and Belgacom, Priscilla Boiardi and Leo Sleuwaegen,
%Corporate leaders in ICT R&d investment Nokia Ericsson Canon Huawei Alcatel Lucent Microsoft Intel Cisco IBM Google-10%0%10%20
G#3v 7120 Telephone companies G#4v 7121 3com 0#5#3com 3com G#4v 7122 Abertis
0#5#abertis telecom Abertis G#4v 7123 Alcatel-lucent 0#5#alcatel-lucent Alcatel-lucent G#4v 7124 Amer mobile
0#5#amer mobile Amer mobile G#4v 7125 Amer tower 0#5#amer tower Amer tower G#4v 7126 AT&T
0#5#at&t AT&T G#4v 7127 Atlantic telecom 0#5#atlantic telecom Atlantic telecom G#4v 7128 Baby bell
0#5#baby bell Baby bell G#4v 7129 Banyan 0#5#banyan Banyan G#4v 7130 Bay network
0#5#bay network Bay network G#4v 7131 BCE INC 0#5#bce inc BCE INC G#4v 7132 Belgacom
0#5#belgacom Belgacom G#4v 7133 Bell atlantic 0#5#bell atlantic Bell atlantic G#4v 7134 Bell canada
0#5#bell canada Bell canada G#4v 7135 Bell corp 0#5#bell corp Bell corp G#4v 7136 Bell pacific
0#5#bell pacific Bell pacific G#4v 7137 Bell south 0#5#bell south Bell south G#4v 7138 Bouygues télécom
0#5#bouygues telecom Bouygues télécom 0#5#bouygues télécom Bouygues télécom G#4v 7139 British telecom 0#5#british telecom British telecom
G#4v 7140 Cablevision systems 0#5#cablevision systems Cablevision systems G#4v 7141 Cellnet data 0#5#cellnet data Cellnet data
G#4v 7142 Centennial cell 0#5#centennial cell Centennial cell G#4v 7143 Ceske radiokomunikace 0#5#ceske radiokomunikace Ceske radiokomunikace
G#4v 7144 Cincinnati bell 0#5#cincinnati bell Cincinnati bell G#4v 7145 Cisco systems 0#5#cisco systems Cisco systems
G#4v 7146 Colt telecom 0#5#colt telecom Colt telecom G#4v 7147 Cox communications 0#5#cox communications Cox communications
G#4v 7148 Crown castle 0#5#crown castle Crown castle G#4v 7149 Deutsche telekom 0#5#deutsche telekom Deutsche telekom
G#4v 7150 Dutchtone 0#5#dutchtone Dutchtone G#4v 7151 Elektrim 0#5#elektrim Elektrim
G#4v 7152 Europolitan 0#5#europolitan Europolitan G#4v 7153 Excel communications 0#5#excel communications Excel communications
G#4v 7154 France telecom 0#5#france telecom France telecom G#4v 7155 Global one 0#5#global one Global one
G#4v 7156 Globalcom 0#5#globalcom Globalcom G#4v 7157 Globalstar 0#5#globalstar Globalstar
G#4v 7158 Hellenic telecom 0#5#hellenic telecom Hellenic telecom G#4v 7159 Italtel 0#5#italtel Italtel
G#4v 7160 Iusacell 0#5#iusacell Iusacell G#4v 7161 JWE TELECOM 0#5#jwe telecom JWE TELECOM
G#4v 7162 Korea telecom 0#5#korea telecom Korea telecom G#4v 7163 Lucent 0#5#lucent Lucent
G#4v 7164 MCI-WORLDCOM 0#5#mci-worldcom MCI-WORLDCOM G#4v 7165 Motorola 0#5#motorola Motorola
G#4v 7166 Neuf cegetel 0#5#neuf cegetel Neuf cegetel G#4v 7167 Nokia 0#5#nokia Nokia
G#4v 7168 NTT 0#5#ntt NTT G#4v 7169 Nynex 0#5#nynex Nynex
G#4v 7170 Pacific bell 0#5#pacific bell Pacific bell G#4v 7171 Panafon 0#5#panafon Panafon
G#4v 7172 Panamsat 0#5#panamsat Panamsat G#4v 7173 Powertel 0#5#powertel Powertel
G#4v 7174 Qatar telecom 0#5#qatar telecom Qatar telecom G#4v 7175 Rogers cantel 0#5#rogers cantel Rogers cantel
G#4v 7176 SFR 0#5#sfr SFR G#4v 7177 SK TELECOM 0#5#sk telecom SK TELECOM
G#4v 7178 Sprint-nextel 0#5#sprint-nextel Sprint-nextel G#4v 7179 SPT TELECOM 0#5#spt telecom SPT TELECOM
G#4v 7180 Telecel 0#5#telecel Telecel G#4v 7181 Telecom italia 0#5#telecom italia Telecom italia
G#4v 7182 Telefónica 0#5#telefonica Telefónica 0#5#telefónica Telefónica G#4v 7183 Telefónica del peru
0#5#telefonica del peru Telefónica del peru 0#5#telefónica del peru Telefónica del peru G#4v 7184 Telefónica del sur 0#5#telefonica del sur Telefónica del sur
0#5#telefónica del sur Telefónica del sur G#4v 7185 Telefonos de mexico 0#5#telefonos de mexico Telefonos de mexico G#4v 7186 Telenordest
0#5#telenordest Telenordest G#4v 7187 Telenorte 0#5#telenorte Telenorte G#4v 7188 Telephone company
0#5#phone company Telephone company 0#5#telephone company Telephone company G#4v 7189 Telesudeste 0#5#telesudeste Telesudeste
G#4v 7190 Telesys 0#5#telesys Telesys G#4v 7191 T-mobil 0#5#t-mobil T-mobil
G#4v 7192 US WEST 0#5#us west US WEST G#4v 7193 Verizon 0#5#verizon Verizon
G#4v 7194 Vodafone 0#5#vodafone Vodafone G#4v 7195 Western telecom 0#5#western telecom Western telecom
G#4v 7196 World telecom 0#5#world telecom World telecom G#3v 7197 Text messaging 0#4#text messaging Text messaging
G#3v 7198 Videoteleconference 0#4#video conference Videoteleconference 0#4#videoconference Videoteleconference 0#4#videoconferencing Videoteleconference
0#4#videoteleconference Videoteleconference G#2v 7199 Wireless communication G#3v 7200 Bluetooth 0#4#bluetooth Bluetooth
G#3v 7201 Cellular network 0#4#cellular network Cellular network 0#4#mobile network Cellular network G#3v 7202 Long-term evolution
0#4#4g long term evolution Long-term evolution 0#4#4g lte Long-term evolution 0#4#long-term evolution Long-term evolution 0#4#lte Long-term evolution
G#3v 7203 Radio-frequency identification 0#4#radio frequency identification Radio-frequency identification 0#4#rfid Radio-frequency identification
G#3v 7204 Wimax 0#4#wimax Wimax G#3v 7205 Wireless access point 0#4#wireless access point Wireless access point
G#3v 7206 Wireless application protocol 0#4#wap Wireless application protocol 0#4#wireless application protocol Wireless application protocol G#3v 7207 Wireless communication
0#4#wifi Wireless communication 0#4#wi-fi Wireless communication 0#4#wireless Wireless communication 0#4#wireless communication Wireless communication
0#4#wireless spectrum Wireless communication G#1v 7208 Computational linguistics G#2v 7209 Computational linguistics 0#3#computational linguistics Computational linguistics
G#2v 7210 Machine translation 0#3#machine translation Machine translation G#1v 7211 Computer G#2v 7212 Computer accessories
G#3v 7213 Computer accessory 0#4#computer accessory Computer accessory G#3v 7214 Cooler pad 0#4#cooler pad Cooler pad
G#2v 7215 Computer circuit 0#3#computer circuit Computer circuit G#2v 7216 Computer components G#3v 7217 Computer case
G#4v 7218 Computer case 0#5#computer case Computer case G#4v 7219 Hard drive 0#5#disk drive Hard drive
0#5#hard disk Hard drive 0#5#hard drive Hard drive G#4v 7220 Mother board 0#5#mother board Mother board
0#5#motherboard Mother board G#4v 7221 Random-access memory 0#5#ram Random-access memory 0#5#random access memory Random-access memory
G#4v 7222 Sound card 0#5#audio card Sound card 0#5#sound card Sound card G#4v 7223 Video card
0#5#catalysts Video card 0#5#graphics card Video card 0#5#video card Video card G#3v 7224 Hardware
0#4#hardware Hardware G#3v 7225 Input devices G#4v 7226 Image scanner 0#5#image scanner Image scanner
G#4v 7227 Input device 0#5#input device Input device 0#5#peripheral Input device G#4v 7228 Keyboard
0#5#keyboard Keyboard G#4v 7229 Pointing devices G#5v 7230 Graphics tablet 0#6#graphics tablet Graphics tablet
G#5v 7231 Joystick 0#6#joystick Joystick G#5v 7232 Light pen 0#6#light pen Light pen
G#5v 7233 Mouse 0#6#mouse Mouse G#5v 7234 Pointing device 0#6#pointing device Pointing device
G#5v 7235 Pointing stick 0#6#pointing stick Pointing stick G#5v 7236 Touchpad 0#6#touchpad Touchpad
G#5v 7237 Touchscreen 0#6#touchscreen Touchscreen G#5v 7238 Trackball 0#6#trackball Trackball
G#4v 7239 Refreshable braille display 0#5#braille display Refreshable braille display 0#5#braille reader Refreshable braille display 0#5#braille terminal Refreshable braille display
0#5#refreshable braille display Refreshable braille display G#4v 7240 Webcam 0#5#webcam Webcam G#3v 7241 Output devices
G#4v 7242 Computer speaker 0#5#computer speaker Computer speaker 0#5#multimedia speaker Computer speaker G#4v 7243 Monitor
0#5#computer screen Monitor 0#5#display Monitor 0#5#monitor Monitor 0#5#screen Monitor
0#5#touch screen Monitor G#4v 7244 Output device 0#5#output device Output device G#4v 7245 Plotter
0#5#plotter Plotter G#4v 7246 Printer G#5v 7247 3d printer 0#6#3d printer 3d printer
0#6#3d printing 3d printer G#5v 7248 Printer 0#6#printer Printer 0#6#printing Printer
G#5v 7249 Thermal printer 0#6#thermal printer Thermal printer G#3v 7250 Processors (incl names G#4v 7251 AMD PROCESSORS
G#5v 7252 AMD FUSION 0#6#amd fusion AMD FUSION G#5v 7253 AMD K6 0#6#amd k6 AMD K6
G#5v 7254 AMD K7 0#6#amd k7 AMD K7 G#5v 7255 Amd processor 0#6#amd processor Amd processor
G#5v 7256 Athlon 0#6#athlon Athlon 0#6#athlon thunderbird Athlon G#5v 7257 Duron
0#6#duron Duron G#5v 7258 Opteron 0#6#opteron Opteron G#5v 7259 Phenom
0#6#amd phenom Phenom 0#6#phenom Phenom G#5v 7260 Sempron 0#6#sempron Sempron
G#5v 7261 Turion 0#6#turion Turion G#4v 7262 Coprocessor 0#5#coprocessor Coprocessor
G#4v 7263 Digital alpha 0#5#digital alpha Digital alpha G#4v 7264 Graphics processor G#5v 7265 Cuda
0#6#cuda Cuda G#5v 7266 Gpgpu 0#6#gpgpu Gpgpu G#5v 7267 Gpu
0#6#gpu Gpu G#5v 7268 Graphics processor 0#6#graphics processor Graphics processor G#4v 7269 Hyper-threading
0#5#hyper threading Hyper-threading G#4v 7270 IBM processors G#5v 7271 Cell processor G#6v 7272 Cell processor
0#7#cell processor Cell processor G#6v 7273 Powerxcell 0#7#powerxcell Powerxcell G#5v 7274 POWER PC
0#6#power pc POWER PC G#4v 7275 Intel processors G#5v 7276 Celeron 0#6#celeron Celeron
G#5v 7277 Centrino 0#6#centrino Centrino G#5v 7278 Intel atom 0#6#intel atom Intel atom
G#5v 7279 Intel core G#6v 7280 Core 2 G#7v 7281 Core 2 0#8#core 2 Core 2
G#7v 7282 Core 2 duo 0#8#core 2 duo Core 2 duo G#7v 7283 Core 2 quadro 0#8#core 2 quadro Core 2 quadro
G#6v 7284 Core duo 0#7#core duo Core duo G#6v 7285 Core extreme 0#7#core extreme Core extreme
G#6v 7286 Core i3 0#7#core i3 Core i3 G#6v 7287 Core i5 0#7#core i5 Core i5
G#6v 7288 Core i7 0#7#core i7 Core i7 G#6v 7289 Core solo 0#7#core solo Core solo
G#6v 7290 Intel core 0#7#intel core Intel core G#5v 7291 Intel processor 0#6#intel processor Intel processor
G#5v 7292 Itanium 0#6#itanium Itanium G#5v 7293 Pentium 0#6#pentium Pentium
0#6#pentium pro Pentium 0#6#pentium2 Pentium 0#6#pentium3 Pentium 0#6#pentium4 Pentium
G#5v 7294 Xeon 0#6#xeon Xeon G#4v 7295 MIPS PROCESSORS 0#5#mips processor MIPS PROCESSORS
G#4v 7296 Multiprocessor G#5v 7297 Biprocessor 0#6#biprocessor Biprocessor 0#6#dual core Biprocessor
G#5v 7298 Hexaprocessor 0#6#hexa core Hexaprocessor 0#6#hexaprocessor Hexaprocessor G#5v 7299 Multiprocessor
0#6#multi core Multiprocessor 0#6#multiprocessor Multiprocessor G#5v 7300 Octoprocessor 0#6#octo core Octoprocessor
0#6#octoprocessor Octoprocessor G#5v 7301 Quadriprocessor 0#6#quad core Quadriprocessor 0#6#quadriprocessor Quadriprocessor
G#5v 7302 Triprocessor 0#6#tri core Triprocessor 0#6#triprocessor Triprocessor G#4v 7303 Processor
G#5v 7304 Central processing unit 0#6#central processing unit Central processing unit 0#6#cpu Central processing unit G#5v 7305 Core
0#6#core Core G#5v 7306 Processor 0#6#processor Processor G#4v 7307 RISC PROCESSOR
0#5#risc processor RISC PROCESSOR G#4v 7308 Sun processors G#5v 7309 Microsparc 0#6#microsparc Microsparc
G#5v 7310 Opensparc 0#6#opensparc Opensparc G#5v 7311 Sparc t3 0#6#sparc t3 Sparc t3
G#5v 7312 Sun processor 0#6#sun processor Sun processor G#5v 7313 Ultrasparc 0#6#ultrasparc Ultrasparc
G#3v 7314 Removable data storage G#4v 7315 Disk pack 0#5#disk pack Disk pack G#4v 7316 External drive
0#5#external drive External drive G#4v 7317 Flash drive G#5v 7318 Flash drive 0#6#flash drive Flash drive
G#5v 7319 Memory stick 0#6#memory stick Memory stick G#5v 7320 Multimediacard 0#6#multimediacard Multimediacard
G#5v 7321 Secure digital G#6v 7322 Microsd 0#7#microsd Microsd G#6v 7323 Secure digital
0#7#secure digital Secure digital G#5v 7324 Smartmedia 0#6#smartmedia Smartmedia G#5v 7325 Solid-state drive
0#6#solid state drive Solid-state drive 0#6#ssd drive Solid-state drive G#5v 7326 Usb flash drive 0#6#usb Usb flash drive
0#6#usb flash drive Usb flash drive G#4v 7327 Floppy disk 0#5#floppy disk Floppy disk G#4v 7328 Memory card
0#5#memory card Memory card G#4v 7329 Optical disc drives G#5v 7330 Avchd 0#6#avchd Avchd
G#5v 7331 Blu ray 0#6#blu ray Blu ray G#5v 7332 Blu-ray disc recordable 0#6#blu ray disc recordable Blu-ray disc recordable
G#5v 7333 Blu-ray disc recordable erasable 0#6#blu ray disc recordable erasable Blu-ray disc recordable erasable G#5v 7334 Compact disc read-only memory
0#6#cd rom Compact disc read-only memory 0#6#compact disc read only memory Compact disc read-only memory G#5v 7335 Compact disc-recordable 0#6#cd r Compact disc-recordable
0#6#compact disc recordable Compact disc-recordable G#5v 7336 Compact disc-rewritable 0#6#cd rw Compact disc-rewritable 0#6#compact disc rewritable Compact disc-rewritable
G#5v 7337 Digital versatile disc 0#6#digital versatile disc Digital versatile disc 0#6#digital video disc Digital versatile disc 0#6#dvd Digital versatile disc
G#5v 7338 Dvd r 0#6#dvd r Dvd r G#5v 7339 Dvd random access memory 0#6#dvd ram Dvd random access memory
0#6#dvd random access memory Dvd random access memory G#5v 7340 Dvd rw disc 0#6#dvd rw Dvd rw disc 0#6#dvd rw disc Dvd rw disc
G#5v 7341 Super video compact disc 0#6#super video cd Super video compact disc 0#6#super video compact disc Super video compact disc 0#6#svcd Super video compact disc
G#5v 7342 Video cd 0#6#compact disc digital video Video cd 0#6#vcd Video cd 0#6#video cd Video cd
G#4v 7343 Removable data storage 0#5#removable data storage Removable data storage G#2v 7344 Computer console 0#3#computer console Computer console
0#3#console Computer console 0#3#root console Computer console 0#3#system console Computer console G#2v 7345 Computer game
G#3v 7346 Computer game 0#4#computer game Computer game G#3v 7347 Gamification 0#4#gamification Gamification
G#3v 7348 Video game 0#4#video game Video game 0#4#videogame Video game G#2v 7349 Computer industry
G#3v 7350 Computer business G#4v 7351 Computer business G#5v 7352 Badgeville 0#6#badgeville Badgeville
0#6#badgeville behavior platform Badgeville G#5v 7353 Bazaarvoice 0#6#bazaarvoice Bazaarvoice G#5v 7354 Computer business
0#6#computer business Computer business G#4v 7355 Computer dealer 0#5#computer dealer Computer dealer G#4v 7356 Computer store
0#5#computer store Computer store G#3v 7357 Computer companies G#4v 7358 3dfx 0#5#3dfx 3dfx
G#4v 7359 6fusion 0#5#6fusion 6fusion G#4v 7360 Ab soft 0#5#ab soft Ab soft
G#4v 7361 Accel graphics 0#5#accel graphics Accel graphics G#4v 7362 Acer 0#5#acer Acer
G#4v 7363 Adaptec 0#5#adaptec Adaptec G#4v 7364 Adobe 0#5#adobe Adobe
G#4v 7365 Advanced micro device 0#5#advanced micro device Advanced micro device G#4v 7366 Advantech 0#5#advantech Advantech
G#4v 7367 Akamai technologies 0#5#akamai Akamai technologies 0#5#akamai technologies Akamai technologies G#4v 7368 Akuacom
0#5#akuacom Akuacom G#4v 7369 Amdhal 0#5#amdhal Amdhal G#4v 7370 Amitek
0#5#amitek Amitek G#4v 7371 Amstrad 0#5#amstrad Amstrad G#4v 7372 Apacabar
0#5#apacabar Apacabar G#4v 7373 Appian 0#5#appian Appian G#4v 7374 Apple computer
0#5#apple computer Apple computer G#4v 7375 Arbor networks 0#5#arbor networks Arbor networks G#4v 7376 Artisoft
0#5#artisoft Artisoft G#4v 7377 Artists graphics 0#5#artists graphics Artists graphics G#4v 7378 Artmedia
0#5#artmedia Artmedia G#4v 7379 Ast research 0#5#ast research Ast research G#4v 7380 Asus
0#5#asus Asus G#4v 7381 ATI TECHNOLOGIES 0#5#ati technologies ATI TECHNOLOGIES G#4v 7382 ATT-NCR
0#5#att-ncr ATT-NCR G#4v 7383 Autodesk 0#5#autodesk Autodesk G#4v 7384 Autonomy corp
0#5#autonomy corp Autonomy corp G#4v 7385 Aydin controls 0#5#aydin controls Aydin controls G#4v 7386 Aztech
0#5#aztech Aztech G#4v 7387 Barco 0#5#barco Barco G#4v 7388 Belinea
0#5#belinea Belinea G#4v 7389 Benq 0#5#benq Benq G#4v 7390 Bentley systems
0#5#bentley systems Bentley systems G#4v 7391 Borland 0#5#borland Borland G#4v 7392 Boston acoustics
0#5#boston acoustics Boston acoustics G#4v 7393 Bull corp 0#5#bull corp Bull corp G#4v 7394 Business objects
0#5#business objects Business objects G#4v 7395 Cirrus logic 0#5#cirrus logic Cirrus logic G#4v 7396 Comparex
0#5#comparex Comparex G#4v 7397 Computer associates 0#5#computer associates Computer associates G#4v 7398 Control data
0#5#control data Control data G#4v 7399 Convera 0#5#convera Convera G#4v 7400 Corel
0#5#corel Corel G#4v 7401 Corsair memory 0#5#corsair memory Corsair memory G#4v 7402 Cray computer
0#5#cray computer Cray computer G#4v 7403 Creative labs 0#5#creative labs Creative labs G#4v 7404 Dassault systèmes
0#5#dassault systemes Dassault systèmes 0#5#dassault systèmes Dassault systèmes G#4v 7405 Data general 0#5#data general Data general
G#4v 7406 Datalux 0#5#datalux Datalux G#4v 7407 Dell computer 0#5#dell computer Dell computer
G#4v 7408 Delphine software 0#5#delphine software Delphine software G#4v 7409 Diamond computer 0#5#diamond computer Diamond computer
G#4v 7410 Eizo 0#5#eizo Eizo G#4v 7411 Electronic arts 0#5#electronic arts Electronic arts
G#4v 7412 Elonex 0#5#elonex Elonex G#4v 7413 Epson 0#5#epson Epson
Agency for Development and Cooperation (SDC), Vodacom and Vodafone. The project is part of the global Roll Back Malaria Partnership
which was done as a partnership between Safaricom and Vodafone 83 The app economy refers to the range of economic activity surrounding mobile applications.
The World bank Bank†s infodev programme, in collaboration with the Government of Finland and Nokia has established a network of five mlabs in Armenia, Kenya, South africa, Pakistan, and Viet nam.
Household tech names such as Google, Intel, Microsoft, Nokia and Vodafone all have a presence there,
and Vodafone. Kenya was the first country in the world to use this service Image courtesy of Vodafone
3 SUPPORT IN THE MARKET ECONOMY 185 454) Business engagement in service evaluation, for example the Azim Premji Foundation (and offshoot of WIPRO) financing large-scale trials of
Vodafone 183-4, 219 Voting 41,65, 153-154 Volunteers 54,59, 64,74, 77,166, 201 Vouchers 56,87, 157
School of Government, The Prosperity Initiative, Vodafone, The Brixton Pound SPICE, The Food for Life Partnership, San Patrignano and many others
In India in March 2014, Vodafone launched its developer platform to empower the community of developers
It allows developers to use the Vodafone platform to offer content and customised services to users.
venture units (like Nokia; some grow through acquisition of other innovative companies as well as their own innovation (Cisco for example;
-bile phone companies would normally source material and assembly from, but by supporting independent miners and manufacturers who
â€oeit†s not our aim to become the biggest phone company in the world, it†s
our aim to influence the biggest phone companies in the world, †Tessa Wernick, Fairphone communications director
-bile phone companies would normally source material and assembly from, but by supporting independent miners and manufacturers who
â€oeit†s not our aim to become the biggest phone company in the world, it†s
our aim to influence the biggest phone companies in the world, †Tessa Wernick, Fairphone communications director
director of government practice for Nokia Enterprise Solutions, â€oethe technology is available today to create
firms such as Nokia, Ericsson and Philips have been extremely supportive of community-based pilot projects and often play prominent roles in them
knowledge, and in linking them with global ones. The impact of the university can extend beyond the
as well as global ones, have deep and enduring links with the co -op program. Mike Lazaridis, the co-CEO of Research in motion, is an active and vocal proponent of
with global ones to attract the best students, though they retain the benefit of location. For instance, in
8 Alcatel Lucent FR telecommunication 35 8 General electric US chemicals 42 9 Philips NL electronics 33 9 IBM US computer 37
C. BE research 27 12 Motorola US telecommunication 31 13 Fraunhofer DE research 26 13 U s. Government US government 29
11 S. O. I. Tec FR semiconductor 153 11 Motorola US telecommunication 326 12 IMEC BE research 150 12 Honeywell International US machinery 324
Microelectronics, Freescale (Motorola) and NXP, but also several start-ups like Soitec designing and producing silicon on insulators being a successful flagship.
In 1992, STMICROELECTRONICS, LÃ ti-CEA and France telecom R&d joined forces for research in submicronic technologies, with STMICROELECTRONICS handling
becoming more and more expensive48, Freescale (Motorola) NXP Semiconductors and STMICROELECTRONICS setup a joint facility called Crolles 2 in 2002.
STMICROELECTRONICS, NXP Semiconductors, Freescale, France telecom, Schneider Electric Bull, Soitec, Atmel, Trixell, Sofradir, Sofileta, Ulis, Silicomp,
Cisco, Nokia)( Wolfe, 2002 There are two notable institutional factors that have affected the evolution of the Ontario
2 Alcatel Lucent FR telecommunication 450 2 Corning US glass 739 3 Philips NL electronics 399 3 Eastman kodak US optical 553
20 Robert Bosch DE automotive 90 20 Motorola US telecommunication 89 East asia Rank Name Country Sector#pat
23 Alstom FR electronics 121 23 Motorola US electronics 59 24 Infineon DE electronics 121 24 Eaton US machinery 58
partners including Cisco systems (Galway), LM Ericsson Ltd. Dublin), IBM (Dublin), Telefonica I+D (Spain) and Hewlett packard (US) are involved also.
In a recent international peer review the TSSG FAME SRC was considered to be one of the largest and strongest groupings of
Cisco systems, Ericsson, IBM Telefonica and HP). The TSSG€ s commercial division has created also new companies which
have emanated from TSSG€ s research activity (spin outs) and has attracted also companies to locate some or all of their activity in Waterford with links to the TSSG (spin-ins.
Amy Christen, Cisco systems Tim Dubel, Microsoft Corporation James Farrar, SAP AG Marzyeh Ghassemi, Intel Corporation
Genelle King Heim, Cisco systems Jonas Moberg, Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative My Luu, IBM Corporation Diana Pallais, Microsoft Corporation
5. 1. 3 Vodafone and Safaricom†S m-PESA 5. 2 Microsoft†s Innovation Centers 5. 3 Microsoft†s Partnerships for Technology Access
As research by Vodafone and others have shown, people are using mobile phones in a host of creative and resourceful ways. 31 This has accounted for much of the horizontal growth in
example, network giant Cisco systems has 20,000 channel partners, from whom the company earns 90%of
In Kenya, Vodafone and Safaricom†S m -PESA mobile transactions service operates through a network of 600 agents based in gas stations
Vodafone, Nokia, and Nokia Siemens Networks are making a start at this kind of collective effort, jointly
engaging in research, publication, and dialogue on the enabling environment for m-transactions. Their 21
5. 1. 3 VODAFONE AND SAFARICOM€ S m-PESA 28 5. 2 MICROSOFT€ S INNOVATION CENTERS 29
Vodafone is a multinational company that entered the m-transactions business in Kenya with its local affiliate, Safaricom, using more of a business experiment approach
Both SMART and Vodafone/Safaricom have partnered with local commercial banks, whereas Globe provides m-transactions services on its own.
5. 1. 3 VODAFONE AND SAFARICOM€ S m-PESA Summarized from the comprehensive account of Hughes, Nick,
After a two-year pilot, Vodafone and its Kenyan affiliate Safaricom (which has participation from Vodafone and
but owned by Vodafone through a dedicated trust company M-PESA has its origins in Vodafone efforts to â€oeunderstand its role in addressing international development
issues like the Millennium Development Goals. †66 The company†s logic was that mobile phones could facilitate
Vodafone rightly viewed this as a costly process for borrowers in terms of time away from productive business activity
Vodafone has identified a way into the international remittance market. Vodafone has established a central corporate team to drive replication in other markets
and is also adding additional services to the platform These results have exceeded far the company†s expectations †though according to Vodafone†s Nick Hughes and
they are likely to purchase the Cisco systems with which they are familiar. 89 5. 5 CISCO NETWORKING ACADEMIES€ LEAST-DEVELOPED COUNTRY INITIATIVE
of Telecoms on Economic growth in Developing Countries. †In Vodafone 2005. Africa: The Impact of Mobile phones.
Vodafone Moving the Debate Forward Policy Paper Series, No. 3. London: Vodafone 3. Khalil, Mohsen and Charles Kenny. n d. The next Decade of ICT
Development: Access, Applications and the Forces of Convergence WASHINGTON DC: The World bank Group. Page 7 4. WRI calls this the â€oebop Penaltyâ€;
See Vodafone. 2007. The Transformational Potential of M-Transactions Vodafone Moving the Debate Forward Policy Paper Series, No. 6. London
Vodafone. Also Vodafone. n d. â€oethe impact of mobile phones in the developing world. †http://www. vodafone. com/etc/medialib/attachments/cr downloads.
Par. 975 34. File. tmp/SIM PROJECT DOWNLOAD 3. pdf (accessed September 26 2007 32. Wishart, Neville A. 2006.
Micro-Payment Systems and their Applications to Mobile networks. An infodev Report. WASHINGTON DC: The International Bank for reconstruction and development/The World bank
33. Ibid ï¿End Notes 44 THE ROLE OF THE INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGY SECTOR in Expanding Economic Opportunity
Cisco systems. n d. Corporate Overview http://newsroom. cisco. com/dlls/company overview. html (accessed September 16, 2007 39.
Vodafone Moving the Debate Forward Policy Paper Series No. 6. London: Vodafone. See also Nokia. 2007.
Call for new regulatory framework to allow greater access to financial services via mobile phones in developing countries.
Press release dated July 4 http://www. csrwire. com/Pressreleaseprint. php? id=9100 (accessed July 12,2007 61. infodev. n d. infodev:
Study commissioned by Cisco systems, Cisco Learning Institute, the International Telecommunications Union, United Nations Development Programme,
Cisco systems Internal White paper 90. Christen, Amy, Vice president of Operations, Corporate Affairs, Cisco Systems. 2007. Personal communication (telephone interview), September
Cisco systems. n d. Gender Fact Sheet †Cisco Networking Academy Program, European and Emerging Markets 93.
Markets, Cisco systems. Personal communication (telephone interview September 4, 2007 98. GCR 2007 99. King Heim n d 100.90%of Cisco†s revenues come from these partners.
Cisco systems. n d Corporate Overview http://newsroom. cisco. com/dlls/company overview. html (accessed September 16, 2007 101.
Cisco systems. n d. Corporate Overview http://newsroom. cisco. com/dlls/company overview. html (accessed September 16, 2007 Community Research and development Information Service (CORDIS.
Study commissioned by Cisco systems, Cisco Learning Institute, the International Telecommunications Union, United Nations Development Programme,
Vodafone Moving the Debate Forward Policy Paper Series No. 6. London: Vodafone Nweke, Remmy. 2007. â€oeceltel Targets N379bn Investment. †Daily Champion
Lagos, Nigeria, August 29 One Laptop Per Child. n d. One Laptop Per Child Website. http://laptop. org
Vodafone. 2007. The Transformational Potential of M-Transactions. Vodafone Moving the Debate Forward Policy Paper Series, No. 6. London:
Vodafone Vodafone. 2005. Africa: The Impact of Mobile phones. Vodafone Moving the Debate Forward Policy Paper Series, No. 3. London:
Vodafone Waverman, Leonard, Meloria Meschi, and Melvyn Fuss. 2005. â€oethe Impact of Telecoms on Economic growth in Developing Countries. †In Vodafone
2005. Africa: The Impact of Mobile phones. Vodafone Moving the Debate Forward Policy Paper Series, No. 3. London:
Vodafone Wishart, Neville A. 2006. Micro-Payment Systems and their Applications to Mobile networks. An infodev Report.
WASHINGTON DC: The International Bank for reconstruction and development/The World bank World bank. 2007. Doing Business 2008: Comparing Regulation in 178
Economies. Overview. http://www. doingbusiness. org/documents/DB -2008-overview. pdf (accessed September 26, 2007 Xinhua News agency. 2007.
IBM expands footprints in India for more SMB clients. Xinhua News agency, September 6 EO ICT GREY:
Layout 1 14/3/08 15:13 Page 48 ï¿Publications in the CSR Initiative†s Economic Opportunity Series
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