decentralised environment for open data 3. Educate a technology-savvy multidisciplinary workforce, and use all their powers
the environment and objects themselves However, we cannot expect the Internet by itself to drive innovation to help citi
about people, the environment and bio -metric and sensor data. The amount of data produced by open platforms and
and environment,(4) participation and open governance,(5) science, culture and education and (6) public services
Environment, Education and Skills, Culture and Arts, Work and Employment, Participation and Democracy, Neighbourhood Regeneration, Science
Another interesting example of collaborative innovation environments is the possibility of setting up Urban Labs in Cities.
test their products and services in a real environment. These pilot products and services have to respond to an unmet municipal need,
from people and the environment in order to create a new generation of products and services, fostering
-ning to aggregate the layers of data that increasingly permeate the urban environment, in order to create a new generation of products and services, fostering behavioural change9
learning environment Open standards A number of organisations affect DSI in Europe through acting as expert bodies on the
manages open information in an open environment. An OSN stands for an interoper -able sensor network, where many vendors or entities can connect their sensor solutions
wireless environment Sensor networks are the key infrastructures of a smart city, providing basic data on the
from the environment The explosion of new types of data analytics and machine learning means that it is no
issues concerning the public domain in the digital environment is one example of this, as is the work by the social innovation
LIPSE (researching innovation in public sector environments) are further examples of research activities and research networks aiming to further our understanding of DSI
-lance, prediction and control of people and the environment. However, as outlined by Rob Van Kranenburg, â€oesuccessful Iot means the best possible feedback on our physical
Energy and Environment Participation and Democracy Smart public services Science and technology Education and skills Culture and Arts
Energy and Environment Participation and Democracy Smart public services Science and technology Education and skills Culture and Arts
environment "ERGOLAB GAIA Fablabpalermo Factoryyouthzone Fullcirclearts Fairphone Fairplayalliance Firemny-Register. sk Farm2me Foam Folklabs Hernehillforum
environment "ERGOLAB GAIA Fablabpalermo Factoryyouthzone Fullcirclearts Fairphone Fairplayalliance Firemny-Register. sk Farm2me Foam Folklabs Hernehillforum
digital environment. Big data and cloud companies but also States have a lot of control over an individual†s online identity
-erative environment. Although every real innovation is a complex story of loops and jumps, there are various stages that most
to provide an environment conducive to openness and collaboration, while pre -serving citizens†rights and data protec
networks and to create collaborative work environments. In this context labs can be understood as spaces
Maker spaces (such as Fablabs), real-life testing and experimentation environments where users and producers can co
cut costs and improve the environment. Easier procurement could be a route to scale and higher impact †this requires attention to the details of how procurement is organised (e g. to make it easier for
74 http://ec. europa. eu/environment /beyond gdp/index en. html 75 http://www. oecdbetterlifeindex. org /76 http://www. nominettrust. org. uk/sites
learning outside a dedicated learning environment and formal curriculum (e g.,, Wood, Keen, Bassu, & Robertshaw, 2003, breast cancer care in the delivery of text images and audiovisual materials to patientsâ€
completing a complex task within an authentic learning environment 3. Implement the use of mobile technologies and authentic tasks in learning activities over a period of 3
environments in higher education 4. What pedagogical principles facilitate the use of m-learning devices in authentic learning
environments in higher education The project used a design-based research approach (e g.,, Reeves, 2000; Reeves, Herrington & Oliver
and design learning environments where mobile technologies could be used in their different subject areas and specialisations
design of each teacher†s learning environment. The approach typically involves a small group of
learning environments in higher education m-learning principles What pedagogical principles can guide the use of m-learning
environments in higher education Phase 1 Phase 2 Phase 3 Phase 4 Year 1 Year 2 Yr 2 & beyond
learning environments and project website Effectiveness evaluation of 12 learning environments Effectiveness evaluation of whole
project Peer review of chapters by team & reference group smartphone for use prior to the commencement of the implementations with classes, so that they could
worked within the workshop environment to plan an authentic learning environment that comprised 4-6
environment when they were implemented in Phase 3 By the end of Phase 2, the teachers had designed learning environments ready to be implemented in Phase
3, each comprising: an authentic task (to be completed over a period of 4-6 weeks), a range of resources
strategies facilitate the use of m-learning devices in authentic learning environments in higher education One class set (25) of each device was used in this phase to ensure specific affordances were available to
pedagogical principles facilitate the use of m-learning devices in authentic learning environments in higher education?
What is an authentic learning environment? In A j. Herrington & J. Herrington (Eds. Authentic learning environments in higher education (pp. 1-13.
Hershey, PA ISP Herrington, J, . & Oliver, R. 2000). An instructional design framework for authentic learning
environments. Educational technology Research and development, 48 (3), 23-48 Hoban, G. F. 2004. Enhancing action learning with student feedback.
teachers†action learning within a web environment. In P. Kommers, & G. Richards (Eds.),Edmedia
acceptance testing environments, for both the CIP and legacy systems Service management Our assessment Key finding Now Future
There are no dedicated environments for end-user training but the systems are straightforward and intuitive to use, with most operator knowledge being required for
-replacing the physical server environment with virtual servers, and upgrading the desktop environment. The new virtual server environment is expected to provide
scalability to respond to the increase in demand, although the capacity of the application has not been measured sufficiently to be able to predict the impact of the
anticipated growth in demand 13 NHS Connecting for Health, Information Governance, available at http://www. connectingforhealth. nhs. uk/systemsandservices/infogov (accessed November 2012
the remaining customers but the environment is changing; demand for NHS Prescription Services is growing
changes in its business environment and/or exploit new technologies Business case and funding Business case (s) for replacement reflect good
environment using standard protocols or common application programme interfaces. Software versions are current and fully supported with plans in
the production environment exist or can easily be created and removed as required Source: National Audit Office enterprise analysis toolkit
10 Department for Environment, Food and Rural affairs: Geographic information strategy, July 2011 11 Home office and National Policing Improving Agency:
14 Department for Environment, Food and Rural affairs and the Animal Health and Veterinary Laboratories Agency:
Business environment...4 Network infrastructure...4 Trust infrastructure...5 Digital products and information services...5
appropriate business environments for e-business and ICT uptake (e g. to diffuse broadband, enhance competition), and target programmes to overcome market failures to the extent that they are needed in
Business environment A healthy business environment is fundamental for firms to thrive and benefit from ICTS.
This includes a transparent, open and competitive business framework, clear independent rule of law for all firms, easy set up and dissolution of businesses, transparent, simple and accessible corporate regulation
expand and improve the quality of network infrastructure and legal and regulatory environment, foster technological diffusion and create a favourable business environment.
Beyond these general framework policies, specific policies for SMES have focused on ICT and e-business awareness programmes, business
which blend broad policies for the business environment with polices for particular areas such as IPRS and
environment for credit card transactions. Some small businesses, especially micro-enterprises with 1-9 employees or the self-employed, may adopt a simple Web site without any e-commerce function if the
and a competitive environment and regulatory framework that support affordable Internet access (Tigre and O†Connor, 2002
demand secure transaction environments, SMES are likely to face increasing costs for system protection and security measures (Phillips, 2002.
and business environment is developed not well and these barriers will take precedence particularly for SMES.
and a favourable business environment is established well concerns are similar to those in OECD countries,
environments are one of the most important. Legal uncertainties and conflicting regulatory environments for cross-border transactions, especially B2c, may affect SMES particularly strongly.
There is neither a harmonised legal framework with rules pertaining to the determination of jurisdiction and applicable law
sure of commercial exploitation and the wider business environment 30 In other areas small and large firms had similar concerns,
from fostering technological diffusion to creating a favourable business environment with fair and predictable rules.
environment are reflected in the 2002 OECD â€oeguidelines for the Security of Information systems and Networks: Towards a Culture of Securityâ€, a revision of the 1992 â€oeoecd Guidelines on Security of
regulatory environments. The 1999 â€oeguidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce†have been disseminated widely
laws to ensure sufficient consumer protection in the on-line environment. The guidelines also complement other government and private initiatives to develop B2c codes of conduct and trustmarks for on-line
favourable business environment for provision of private ICT training services at a reasonable cost Business management capabilities are becoming a new category of generic competency in the
wide range of e-business environment, Internet and ICT use issues. eeurope 2005, Helping SMES to go
framework policies including access to infrastructure, a seamless legal/regulatory environment, on-line security, authentication and consumer protection
e-business strategies which blend broad policies for the business environment with polices for particular areas such as IPRS and competition
4. 1. 2. 1 Personal data protection in the online environment...53 2 4. 1. 2. 2 Spam and the eprivacy Directive...
4. 6. 1 Delivery services in an e-commerce environment...89 4. 6. 2 Delivery problems...
4. 7 Dispute resolution in an online environment...96 4. 7. 1 Alternative Dispute Resolution and Online Dispute Resolution...
-E-commerce can help protect the environment: e-commerce has a role to play in achieving the objectives of sustainable growth,
4. 1. 2. 1 Personal data protection in the online environment It is acknowledged widely that trust is the currency of the digital economy.
This is particularly an issue in the digital environment Several provisions of the Directive have given rise to divergent interpretations and have not
in a physical pharmacy environment In the absence of developed legal markets, the Internet has,
newspaper revenues in the printed environment and almost 100%in the digital area Restrictions on advertising may
of conduct on fatty food), safety or the environment; and not promote tobacco or prescription medication
terms of the regulatory and technical environment 244 See http://ec. europa. eu/internal market/payments/index en. htm
1. Ensuring a consistent legal environment for e-invoicing 2. Achieving mass market adoption by getting SMES onboard
4. 6. 1 Delivery services in an e-commerce environment With the exponential growth and use of electronic means of communication, customers
4. 7 Dispute resolution in an online environment While e-commerce offers a wide range of services,
enforcement of judgments also for disputes in an online environment is regulated under international private law rules relating to cross-border dispute resolution
convergence between digital and physical environments, and notably of the impact on business and market development of the current divergences in the Single Market.
well or by extending to the digital environment the reduced rates existing for goods on physical means of support
evidence shows that the digital economy has positive effects on the environment For example, compared to a traditional CD purchase in a"brick and mortar"shop, the
315 http://ec. europa. eu/environment/waste/weee/index en. htm 316 The present chapter complements the international aspects of the Digital Agenda as set out in the
4. 1. 2. 1 Personal data protection in the online environment 4. 1. 2. 2 Spam and the eprivacy Directive
4. 6. 1 Delivery services in an e-commerce environment 4. 6. 2 Delivery problems 4. 6. 3 Parcel and express delivery services under the Postal services Directive
4. 7 Dispute resolution in an online environment 4. 7. 1 Alternative Dispute Resolution and Online Dispute Resolution
management in the open innovation environment Given the overall sparse attention given to the dark side of open innovation form the risk
bare in the current economic environment, open innovation helps building up the capital positions of firms and making cash infusion easier.
-ation environments! It is extremely interesting to see the drivers needed for the transformation to
so that environments function properly. As exam -ple, they analyse the Future Internet PPP funded by the European commission during the period
technologies in virgin environments are shown also to highlight the importance of †new†thinking in all
sector is to create the environments for OI2 where the mash-up of the needed components can hap
-pen in a frictionless environment. The public sector provides not only the framework but also brings in the fuel for the innovation processes, for example
and legal environments to catalyse innovation and experimentation Open Innovation 2. 0 In detail In the last decade, Henry Chesbrough (7) creatively
environment join so that co-creation can begin An engagement platform can be as concrete as
An engagement platform provides the necessary environment, including people and resources, for co-creation #5:
environments when we moved from the traditional approaches to the Open Innovation 2. 0 paradigm
the environments have changed all fundamentally It is important to see how these changes in the
real environments we can speed up the successful results and kill the bad ones in time Another dominant element of the open innovation
-ent immersive techniques within a live environment experiment alternative scenarios in prototyping con -crete application/services through the use of a tech
-nological platform within a real-life environment evaluate alternative scenarios on the basis of metrics for measuring both the Quality of Service and the
the environment of augmented creativity. There is a strong analogy with †scenario thinking†(19) or †scen
Logdynamics Living Lab (LL) environment, follows an iterative improvement approach in the domain of intra-logistics.
environment. This use case is based on LL co -design and user experience monitoring for finding
a proper balance between the work environment settings, individual comfort of office employees work efficiency,
work environment. As the market further matures companies need to have focused more customer targets and value propositions.
-tional and socioeconomic environments. They also allow implementing more effectively innovation policies and practices and improving the mech
regional environments that support and utilise user-centred innovation activities with the aim of securing better conditions to commercialise R & D
-ative environment in a specific region and, in turn the innovation system (36. †Creative Knowledge
In closing, the environment as a major †and per -haps the key (at least in the medium to long term
-ities of the natural environment and natural resources of the region •With reference to †entrepreneurial discoveryâ€
In a discussion of the role of the environment as a driver and delimiter of smart, sustainable and inclu
environment or the natural environments represent the fifth helix†(63: †The Quintu -ple Helix can be proposed as a framework
the natural environments of society. Social ecology focuses on the interaction, co-development and co
Innovation and the Environment relate to each other? A Proposed Framework for a Transâ disciplinary analysis of Sustainable development and
Innovation and the Environment relate to each other? A Proposed Framework for a Transâ disciplinary analysis of Sustainable development and
-disciplinary and game-changing environment (5 Everybody felt there was a missing link and it was
environments, or corporate venturing? What would be the right model for entrepreneurial education for engineers and scientists?
-plex reality of an open innovation environment in which all stakeholders have their own interests and
them come together in a neutral environment and better understand emerging trends in technology Figure 3:
†core assets in an open innovation environment EIT ICT Labs has extended to seven co-location
-ation environment needs to have an inroad for ideas from the peripheries To this end, the concept of competitive and collab
nature of the open innovation environment which is competition and collaboration, creative ways of finding synergies, to accelerate the flow of people
-ket environments with public sector participation in a co-creation process Over the years, discussions evolved to shift the
environments The term †innovation ecosystemâ€, although it has clear roots in innovation systems thinking, has
-cation environment, e g. a smart city, application developers will be able to use FI-WARE technology
to an environment of open innovation (2 So far, the FI-PPP programme can be considered
in an environment which fosters collaboration, in principle represents an excellent point of departure for disruptive innovation.
an environment for experimentation resulting into successes or failures through natural selection Some of these aspects have,
the creation of an open lab environment. However the dynamic evolution and sustainability of this
Complexity in FI-PPP€ s environment and in the programme itself combined with a high level of
environment Setting up and institu -tionalising processes and subgroups Pressures to achieve results competitive set up
adapt to the changing environment. We propose an explicit transition process from the Phase 3 situ
and a rapidly changing environment requires a new approach that ensures our youth competitiveness More than ever, it is important to focus on the con
-ket environments. The culture of the †entitlement†should finish and today†s college students should
In a work environment as competitive as described before, the only factor that can lead to success
We live in a highly competitive environment where we cannot compete in production of products Europe is positioned better to compete in advanced
-lator creating the regulatory environment promot -ing financial inclusion), and state governments and departments that enact policies
everything in the built environment that is distinct from natural environments. The foundational pri -macy of physical infrastructure affords it a rather
unique status. For instance, a city†s bridges, roads and water system are described not simply as important physical artifacts but as investments in
technology to adapt to their environment, and it plays a central role in the competitiveness of cit
-action environments 4. Meshing together ecosystems of capabilities 5. Augmenting creative capacities of enterprise architectures and management systems
Energy and Environment (www. cee. fi), Centre for Health Technologies (cht. oulu. fi), as well as the
real healthcare environment •Converging Networks Laboratory †Wireless network testing From the city perspective the user†s involvement
-tual environment under development †Oulu 3d model †which can be used as a platform for
it as a Living Lab environment where people and businesses are taken along already from the very
embedding in an Open Innovation environment for those selected through such calls, to build a sus
longer-term environment for Open Innovation in Europe Contact Kumardev Chatterjee Founder and President European Young Innovators Forum (EYIF
A Changing Business Environment Meaningful applications in public lighting are based on societal needs and use the enabling technol
guides into an otherwise obscure environment As an example, let us consider the Mckinsey 7s
and that whilst a crowd empowered environment requires us to open our thinking, we have need no
a crowd enabled environment It is important to recognise that the model does not provide an optimum solution or configuration and
environment? If we can clarify these skills can we then develop them and, in so doing, move amongst
the environment is complicated and uncertain The innovative lawyer looks at other sources of law besides the national.
environments, because the user does not know where to go to. Experiments show what people use, but, before getting there you might want
and faster ability to react to changing environments However, van de Vrande et al. 2009) confirm that
and the environment would increase the need for sustainable solutions Sustainability is entrenched in each part of the company, even in its logo.
that have a minimal impact on the environment (Product Sustainability; and it creates new concepts
patient and his environment, with durability, functionality, usability, and a modern design. The concept has been implemented in a growing number of European, national,
environment and have a positive health effect. Similarly, Philip†s Airfryer is a product in Philipsâ€
Shifts in government policies targeted at the business environment are another important driver of business model innovations in SMES.
Changes in the environment are thus an important reason small companies experiment with new business models to revamp
People buy Jaga heaters because they care about the environment or because they want a sleekly designed radiator as an eye catcher in their home or business lounge
and some provide a more hygienic or healthier living environment. The race into ever more complex applications of chemicals coincided with a continued focus on the same type
which an optimal environment can be created for microorganisms to grow and reproduce. Cultivating these mirco-organisms yields a desirable substance.
Department of Strategic Management and Business Environment Room T7-33 P o box 1738,3000 DR Rotterdam, The netherlands
environment (Chesbrough, 2003. In a world of mobile workers, abundant venture capital, widely distributed knowledge and reduced product life cycles, most enter
environment (Chesbrough, 2003. In a world of mobile workers, abundant venture capital, widely distributed knowledge and reduced product life cycles, most enter
and the environment would increase the need for sustainable solutions Sustainability is entrenched in each part of the company, even in its logo.
that have a minimal impact on the environment (Product Sustainability; and it creates new concepts
patient and his environment, with durability, functionality, usability, and a modern design. The concept has been implemented in a growing number of European, national,
environment and have a positive health effect. Similarly, Philip†s Airfryer is a product in Philipsâ€
Shifts in government policies targeted at the business environment are another important driver of business model innovations in SMES.
Changes in the environment are thus an important reason small companies experiment with new business models to revamp
People buy Jaga heaters because they care about the environment or because they want a sleekly designed radiator as an eye catcher in their home or business lounge
and some provide a more hygienic or healthier living environment. The race into ever more complex applications of chemicals coincided with a continued focus on the same type
which an optimal environment can be created for microorganisms to grow and reproduce. Cultivating these mirco-organisms yields a desirable substance.
research and operating environment that em -phasized publication, relatively high levels of turnover among research staff, and the produc
-derstood by the scientific environment (Moreau 1984). ) The first machines were realized in the 1950s. The Bull Company†s prototype of Gamma 2
involvement of the academic environment. Initially universities were involved directly in the produc -tion of prototypes.
Europe, the academic environment was leading head-to-head with the US one until the 1960s, but
environment requires obsessive attention to quality criteria in recruitment and promotion of academic staff, as well as ambitious goals in the selection of
had to survive in a harsh competitive environment to access the risk capital market and eventually the
improve the business environment, encourage entrepreneurial attitude, support the provision of train -ing in young and small enterprises, improve access to debt and equity finance when necessary,
-tively scan the environment for potential high-growth firms in order to develop customised support for them.
operational environment Facilitate the environment for small business operation Facilitate the environment for entrepreneurial firm growth
Resource Provision Source Mostly from public sources Combination of public and private sources Type of financial re
-sources Grants, subsidies, soft loans R&d loans and innovation grants, business angel finance, venture finance, IPOS
improving the business environment, promoting entre -preneurship, facilitating access to markets and disseminating good practices. 55
and Centres for Economic Development, Transport and the Environment. 73 The development process can be launched with, for example,
other relevant professional environments within the organisation so that the company has one point of ac
Companies have to acquire funds in a complex and changing financial environment, in an environment that
99 See http://ec. europa. eu/enterprise/policies/finance/financing-environment/index en. htm 100 As announced by the European commission on 13 april 2011, see European commission (2011
103 See http://ec. europa. eu/enterprise/policies/finance/financing-environment/sme-finance-forum/index en. htm
suggested focusing on improving the business environment for all enterprises rather than aiming to create
ï The Production Environment Innovation Tech Development programme provides funds to improve efficiency of the production line and product quality
Governmental policies have been a vital factor in sustaining Singapore's business-friendly environment Singapore†s economic success has largely been built on the strength of its manufacturing and financial ser
goals towards creating an innovative environment SPRING Singapore is an enterprise development agency with a focus on supporting the growth of
In any case, success of Singapore†s companies is based on an entrepreneurial environment in the country and a critical mass of qualified technical and managerial manpower.
a focus on high-tech SMES within the proper support environment can stimulate gazelles creation significantly. In Canada, the response to the dire shortage of capital funding has
-panies should leverage their strengths in the areas of environment and energy (green innovations) as well as
-prises†strategies may have to change in the face of changing economic environments. 175 Speed limitations:
This would mean to improve the tax and regulatory environment for VC and remove impedi
2010 Hoxha/Capelleras Fast-growing firms in a transitional and extreme environment: are they different 2010 Littunen/Niittykangas The rapid growth of young firms during various stages of entrepreneurship
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