Synopsis: Entrepreneurship: Economics: Economy: Economy:


WEF_GlobalInformationTechnology_Report_2014.pdf.txt

Economist, Global Competitiveness and Benchmarking Network, World Economic Forum Soumitra Dutta, Dean, Samuel Curtis Johnson Graduate

Jennifer Blanke, Chief Economist, Head of the Global Competitiveness and Benchmarking Network Ciara Browne, Associate Director

Roberto Crotti, Quantitative Economist Gemma Corrigan, Project Associate Attilio di Batista, Junior Quantitative Economist Gaã lle Dreyer, Project Associate

Margareta Drzeniek-Hanouz, Director, Senior Economist Head of Competitiveness Research Thierry Geiger, Associate Director, Economist

Tania Gutknecht, Community Manager Caroline Ko, Economist Cecilia Serin, Senior Associate INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY

INDUSTRIES TEAM Alan Marcus, Senior Director, Head of Information and Communication Technology Industries Aurã lie Corre, Team Coordinator, Telecommunication

Industry Aurã lien Goutorbe, Senior Content Manager Telecommunication Industry Qin He, Associate Director, Telecommunication Industry

Asymmetry in a Data-Driven Economy Peter Haynes (Atlantic Council) and M-H. Carolyn Nguyen (Microsoft

Country/Economy Profiles 95 How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles...97 Index of Countries/Economies...

99 Country/Economy Profiles...100 Part 3: Data Tables 249 How to Read the Data Tables...

251 Index of Data Tables...253 Data Tables...255 Technical Notes and Sources 323 About the Authors 329

Partner Institutes 335 Acknowledgments 343  2014 World Economic Forum  2014 World Economic Forum

Report is released at a time when economies need to solidify the recovery of the past year and leave the

Developed economies need to sustain their incipient economic recovery and find new areas of growth and employment creation;

developing economies need to build their resilience against turbulence in the markets and foster their

economies, accounting for over 98 percent of global GDP. In addition, it features a number of essays that

economy covered and data tables with global rankings for the NRI€ s 54 indicators We would like to convey our sincere gratitude to

and the economies around them will thrive accordingly  2014 World Economic Forum  2014 World Economic Forum

prosperity, for both advanced and emerging economies For more than 13 years, the NRI has provided decision makers with a useful conceptual framework

economies EXTRACTING VALUE FROM BIG DATA Data have had always strategic value, but with the magnitude of data available today†and our capability to

data-driven economy;(6) the role of regulation and trust building in unlocking the value of big data;(

addition, the Country/Economy Profile and Data Tables sections at the end of the Report present the detailed

results for the 148 economies covered by the study and the 54 indicators composing the NRI.

economies must overcome if they are to keep moving forward in integrating ICTS into more robust innovation

European economies, the Asian Tigers, and some of the most advanced Western economies. Three Nordic

economies†Finland, Sweden, and Norway†lead the rankings and are positioned among the top 5. Denmark

and Iceland, the remaining two Nordic economies also perform strongly, and despite small slips this

All these economies continue to boast outstanding business and innovation environments that are ranked consistently among the most conducive to

knowledge-intensive economies globally (2nd) and is an ICT-generation powerhouse. Sweden (3rd) maintains its position this year despite a slight improvement in its

United states, the largest economy in the world, in the top 10 shows that fully leveraging ICTS is not dependent

on small or medium-sized economies, but instead depends on undertaking the right investments and creating the right condition for it.

economy, the country early recognized the importance of ICTS to support its innovation and competitiveness

differences remain across European economies with Southern and Central and Eastern European economies continuing to lag behind.

A deeper analysis of the root causes of these differences shows that, in general, ICT infrastructure and individual uptake is more

provide for the economy and society in general. Within the Commonwealth of independent states, several countries improve their performances, reflecting the

diversify their economies and lead them toward more knowledge-intensive activities With three economies from the region in the top

10 of the NRI rankings and several countries showing improvement, Asia and the Pacific is very dynamic

and emerging economies and other trailing countries Regardless of their position on the development ladder

however, all Asian economies have much to gain from increased networked readiness. It will allow populations

Data-Driven Economy Chapter 1. 6, contributed by Peter Haynes of the Atlantic Council and M-H. Carolyn Nguyen at Microsoft

threat to the emerging data-driven economy, since they may reduce overall output as more and more

sustainable data-driven economy Building Trust: The Role of Regulation in Unlocking the Value of Big data

economies by (1) making public data accessible through open data formats,(2) promoting balanced legislation and (3) supporting education that focuses on data

COUNTRY/ECONOMY PROFILES AND DATA PRESENTATION Parts 2 and 3 of the Report feature comprehensive

profiles for each of the 148 economies covered this year as well as data tables for each of the 54 variables

Alexander, C. P. 1983. â€oethe New Economy. †Time Magazine, May 30. Available at http://content. time. com/time/magazine

Rank Country/Economy Value 2013 rank out of 144 1 Finland 6. 04 1 2 Singapore 5. 97 2

Rank Country/Economy Value 2013 rank out of 144 75 Romania 3. 95 75 76 Sri lanka 3. 94 69

economies For more than 13 years, the NRI has provided decision makers with a useful conceptual framework to evaluate the impact of ICTS at a global level and

economies EXTRACTING VALUE FROM BIG DATA Data have had always strategic value, but with the magnitude of data available today†and our capability to

The Economist Intelligence Unit released survey data showing that approximately two-thirds of executives feel that big data will help find

provide in transforming a nation†s economy and increasing its citizens†well-being, assessing ICT developments has been the object of much academic

that ICTS can actually provide to both the economy and society. Although data are still scarce in terms of ICT

the way ICTS are transforming both the economy and society. In several economies, the ICT industry

has become increasingly important and now accounts for a significant share of value-added and employment.

capacity of an economy and society to benefit from the use of ICTS. The success of a country

finally, the impacts that ICTS generate in the economy and in society. The three first subindexes can be

the firms in an economy to integrate ICTS into an internal technology-savvy, innovation-conducive environment that

economy and society. It includes a total of eight variables The economic impacts pillar (four variables

addition, it also measures the overall shift of an economy toward more knowledge-intensive activities

15,000 business leaders in all economies included in the Report. 8 The Survey represents a unique source of

includes 148 economies, four more than the 2013 edition. The newly covered countries are Bhutan, Lao

addition, the Country/Economy Profiles and Data Tables sections at the end of the Report present the detailed

results for the 148 economies covered by the study and the 54 indicators composing the NRI.

economies must overcome if they are to keep moving forward in integrating ICTS into more robust innovation

economies are color-coded based on their NRI overall score measured on a 1-to-7 scale, with best-and

worst-performing economies appearing in dark green and red, respectively. Finally, Appendix A of the present

dominated by Northern European economies, the Asian Tigers, and some of the most advanced Western economies.

Three Nordic economies†Finland Sweden, and Norway†lead the rankings and are positioned among the top 5. Denmark and Iceland

the remaining two Nordic economies, also perform strongly, and despite small slips this year they feature

All these economies continue to boast outstanding business and innovation environments that are ranked consistently among the most conducive to

Rank Country/Economy Value (out of 144) Group *1 Finland 6. 04 1 ADV 2 Singapore 5. 97 2 ADV

Rank Country/Economy Value (out of 144) Group *75 Romania 3. 95 75 CEE 76 Sri lanka 3. 94 69 DEVASIA

ADV=Advanced economies; CIS=Commonwealth of independent states and Mongolia; DEVASIA=Developing Asia; LATAM=Latin america and the Caribbean;

Rank Country/Economy Score Rank Score Rank Score 1 Singapore 5. 87 1 5. 90 1 5. 84

Rank Country/Economy Score Rank Score Rank Score 75 Mexico 3. 88 70 3. 68 85 4. 07

Rank Country/Economy Score Rank Score Rank Score Rank Score 1 Finland 6. 61 1 6. 88 18 6. 41 1 6. 55

Rank Country/Economy Score Rank Score Rank Score Rank Score 75 Bulgaria 4. 75 34 5. 26 119 3. 74 56 5. 26

Rank Country/Economy Score Rank Score Rank Score Rank Score 1 Sweden 6. 06 1 6. 59 3 5. 99 7 5. 60

Rank Country/Economy Score Rank Score Rank Score Rank Score 75 Georgia 3. 63 76 3. 43 110 3. 21 55 4. 24

Rank Country/Economy Score Rank Score Rank Score 1 Singapore 5. 93 6 5. 63 1 6. 24

Rank Country/Economy Score Rank Score Rank Score 75 Vietnam 3. 41 96 2. 98 62 3. 85

position and evolution of different economies in the rankings over the past two years, highlighting different

knowledge-intensive economies globally (2nd) and is an ICT-generation powerhouse (9th. Improving the already

-based economy, has quickly and skilfully recognized the importance of ICTS to boost its innovation and

economy. Those assets, coupled with a stable political and regulatory environment (9th) and excellent conditions

rankings, is developed that economies continue to lead the way in creating robust and impactful digital ecosystems while

many developing and emerging economies have remained comparatively stagnant. This stagnation persists despite some improvements to their ICT infrastructures†specifically

economies to embrace the full potential that ICTS have to offer However, the NRI rankings reflect the situation only at a

economy based on both its current NRI score and its NRI evolution over the past three years.

economy is determined then according to whether it falls above or below the NRI average in 2014,

First of all, several oil-and gas-rich economies in the Commonwealth of independent states and Gulf Cooperation Council are quickly improving their digital

diversify their economies and are quickly developing their digital infrastructure in order not to miss the digital revolution

United states, the largest economy in the world, in the top 10 shows that fully leveraging ICTS is not dependent

on small or medium-sized economies, but instead depends on undertaking the right investments and creating the right condition for it

economy, the country early recognized the importance of ICTS to support its innovation and competitiveness

knowledge-intensive economy EUROPE AND THE COMMONWEALTH OF INDEPENDENT STATES Europe has been at the forefront of developing a digital

differences remain across European economies with Southern and Central and Eastern European  2014 World Economic Forum

economies continuing to lag behind. A deeper analysis of the root causes of these differences shows that, in

provide for the economy and society in general. Boxâ 2 develops this analysis further and provides some

engage in an innovation-driven globalized economy. With a very good ICT infrastructure (11th), which translates

economies, there is some concern about the decreased ability of businesses to fully leverage ICTS to generate

13th) and in the economy in general (10th. Further improvements in the entrepreneurial environment by easing the procedures to open new businesses (103rd

1. The gap between Northwestern European economies and the rest of the Member States is reflected in all of

that could help diversify its economy and has attracted many global ICT companies thanks to its favorable

potential of the economy. Within the region, Croatia follows at 47th place, with Bosnia and herzegovina 68th) and Serbia (79th) lagging behind because of

128th) that could help to transform its national economy and lead it toward more productive activities

to diversify their economies and lead them toward more knowledge-intensive activities  2014 World Economic Forum

Advanced economies exhibited negative or sluggish growth, while emerging markets, and notably the BRICS economies†Brazil, the Russian Federation, India, China

recently observed that many of these emerging economies are experiencing difficulties in maintaining the rapid economic

The NRI in BRICS economies, 2012 and 2014 BRICS 2012 BRICS 2014 Box 3: Challenges faced by BRICS economies to fully leverage ICTS

Cont†d Source: Authors†calculations Table A: The NRI in BRICS economies, 2012 and 2014

BRAZIL RUSSIAN FEDERATION INDIA CHINA SOUTH AFRICA 2012 2014 2012 2014 2012 2014 2012 2014 2012 2014

diversify an economy that otherwise continues to be very reliant on the extraction of fossil fuels. Going forward, the

for Azerbaijan to diversify its economy and make it less dependent on oil revenues while transitioning toward a

sharp contrast to other BRICS economies (see Boxâ 3 the Russian Federation moves up four positions to

With three economies from the region in the top 10 of the NRI rankings and several countries showing

emerging economies and other trailing countries Regardless of their position on the development ladder, all Asian economies have much to gain from

increased networked readiness. It will allow populations Figure A compares the NRI scores by pillar for the

BRICS economies in the 2012 and 2014 editions. Overall, the results have remained stable in virtually all pillars, and notably

other economies are progressing faster in developing and leveraging their ICT potential. Table A shows that since 2012â€

six places in the rankings†all other BRICS economies have dropped over time, in some cases significantly,

Challenges faced by BRICS economies to fully leverage ICTS (cont†d  2014 World Economic Forum

a technology-driven economy, with strong usage of ICTS among all society†s stakeholders. In addition, the

economy manages to improve its already developed infrastructure (5th) by, for example, expanding its international Internet bandwidth by a significant amount

Consequently, the economy scores strong social (6th and economic impacts (12th), although these could be

one of the most productive economies worldwide these have managed to extend to society, as social impacts have continued to improve (23rd.

leadership as the highest ranked economy in Developing Asia. Malaysia maintains relatively competitive regulatory (25th) and business (24th) environments

increase as the economy develops, but further investment in infrastructure and digital content (71st) are

as quickly as in other competing economies, and the country attains a relatively low 59th position on the skills

49th), comparable to those of advanced economies Yet, aside from mobile telephony, other technologies remain relatively scant, especially the breadth of

Sri lanka, another ASEAN economy, drops seven places to take the 76th position in the rankings

economies and is continuing on its declining trajectory to arrive at 83rd place in this edition. The drop in

emerging economies in several dimensions. Overall India†s networked readiness profile remains hindered by the quality of its political, regulatory, and business

economy and society Improving its position both within the ASEAN group and overall, the Philippines climbs eight places to

as in many other Asian economies, at a more advanced stage (43rd) than individual usage (91st

transition to a knowledge-based economy Panama continues its ascent in the rankings moving up three spots to 43rd place.

knowledge-based economy (65th Barbados suffers a significant drop in the rankings falling 16 positions to arrive at 55th place.

economy, as well as its low capacity to innovate (88th This situation results in modest economic impacts (61st

transition toward a knowledge-based economy (66th Colombia moves up three positions to reach 63rd

other economies have been faster to embrace the digital revolution. Overall, the country exhibits relatively high

other economies, and thus Mexico does not manage to digitally converge with more-advanced economies

The cost of accessing its existing ICT infrastructure remains high (93rd) and the quality of its educational

and modernize its economy which continues to rely heavily on mining. Overall weaknesses in its educational sector (134th), which does

poor innovation capacity (106th) and an economy that is not able to offer many knowledge-intensive jobs

with the necessary skills for the economy result in this disappointing position Finally, Paraguay (102nd), Venezuela (106th

economy (74th Despite some significant improvement in the uptake of ICTS by individuals and development in its

resource-based economy toward an innovation-driven one In the Levantine, both Jordan and Lebanon

ranks among the first 100 analyzed economies. As in the case of Egypt, ICT infrastructure (93rd) has slowly

the digital divide between advanced economies and emerging and developing ones persists. This is notable especially in terms of the economic and social impacts

diversify their economies and make them less dependent on volatile international energy prices Another trend that is confirmed by the results is that

rankings, Malaysia is the only other economy from the region that manages to score within the top 30,

differs across the five economies, they all seem to face difficulties in developing and benefiting from their digital

6 The Economist Intelligence Unit 2013 7 See Lanier 2010; see also Kakutani 2010 8 Browne et al. 2013

Alexander, C. P. 1983. â€oethe New Economy. †Time Magazine, May 30. Available at http://content. time. com/time/magazine

The Economist Intelligence Unit. 2013. â€oein Search of Insight and Foresight: Getting More out of Big data. †White paper,

The Economist Intelligence Unit. Available at http://www managementthinking. eiu. com/sites/default/files/downloads/In%20

lowest and highest country scores in the sample of economies covered by the GCI. In some instances, adjustments were made

score achieved by an economy on this indicator normalized on a scale from 0. 75 (worst) to 1. 00 (best), using the min-max

is assigned to an economy with a competition index score of 0, which means that a monopolistic situation prevails in the 19

1. 00 is assigned to an economy where all 19 categories are fully liberalized. Where data are missing for indicator 4. 03 (i e.,

economies, sparking innovation, and unleashing waves of creative destruction. But most of these data are

Similarly, research by the Economist Intelligence Unit and Capgemini indicates that big data analytics were responsible for a 26 percent improvement in

2 The Economist 2010 1. 2: The Internet of Everything 40 The Global Information technology Report 2014

The Economist. 2010. â€oedata, Data Everywhere. †Managing Information Special report, February 25. Available at http://www. economist

com/node/15557443 EIU (Economist Intelligence Unit. 2012. The Deciding Factor: Big Data and Decision making, June 12.

Report commissioned by Capgemini. Available at http://www. managementthinking. eiu. com /sites/default/files/downloads/The%20deciding%20factor final

-Growth Economy? †Policy Memo, September. Washington DC: Progressive Policy Institute (PPI. Available at http://www

-Growth-Economy-1. pdf Mandel, M. and J. Scherer. 2012. â€oethe Geography of the App Economy. â€

September 20, South Mountain Economics LLC. Available at http://files. ctia. org/pdf/The geography of the app economy. pdf Mclellan, C. 2013. â€oebig Data:

The European App Economy Creating Jobs and Driving Growth. Report sponsored by ACT September. Available at http://www. act4apps. org/wp-content

/uploads/2013/09/ACT-The-European-App-Economy-20131. pdf 1. 2: The Internet of Everything

Meanwhile, the Economist Intelligence Unit found that big data is enlisted most frequently to assist financial management and marketing/sales, and deemed least

8 The Economist Intelligence Unit 2013 9 This chapter contains examples from many clients whose identities

/The Economist Intelligence Unit. 2013. â€oethe Evolving Role of Data in Decision-making. †Available at http://www. economistinsights. com

in a Data-Driven Economy PETER HAYNES, Atlantic Council M-H. CAROLYN NGUYEN, Microsoft It is more than half a century since economist Fritz

Machlup, in his book The Production and Distribution of Knowledge in the United states, 1 developed the concept

of the knowledge economy, a term later popularized by management theorist Peter Drucker. 2 Both used

the phrase to differentiate between an economy based largely on goods and services produced by manual labor

and an economy based on the production of new ideas information, and knowledge The wide availability of low-cost information and

a knowledge economy than an information economy Early Internet-era ICTS enabled more efficient and

created during this period as a knowledge economy would be an exaggeration. Much information has been

is being called the â€oedata-driven economy, †may finally make possible a true knowledge economy†by which

companies (and entire economies) to keep growing the development of such an economy is an imperative

battered by global competition, commoditization, and shrinking product/service cycles, corporations seeking to maintain or grow their profit margins will increasingly

new economy can be founded However, the knowledge economy relies on the availability of an adequate supply of data to enable

the discovery of new knowledge. This requires policy frameworks that permit data†including personal data†to

economy. Furthermore, what is considered personal and acceptable use are individual decisions, subject to context, perceived value,

What is increasingly clear about an economy based on the collection, use, and analytics of big data

promising 21st-century knowledge economy THE DEMISE OF FAIR VALUE EXCHANGE All previous economic revolutions have been based

challenges of the data-driven economy. Most consumers understand that the discounts they receive via a loyalty

Rebalancing Socioeconomic Asymmetry in a Data-Driven Economy 68 The Global Information technology Report 2014 Â 2014 World Economic Forum

new economy, the information economy, has lately been to conceal the value of informationâ€. We†ve decided

Rebalancing Socioeconomic Asymmetry in a Data-Driven Economy  2014 World Economic Forum In other words, under the current model, the greater

that a data-driven economy may become a contracting economy. Like Lanier, we believe that if a truly

sustainable data-driven economy is to be established the way in which data are traded between individuals

and corporations will require a major reset. For a data -driven economy to thrive, individuals would have to

receive fair/appropriate monetary compensation for each specific datum they provide, perhaps with additional payments whenever that datum produces incremental

And a sustainable data-driven economy might also entail individuals paying fees (likely modest) for services they

the economy. Without fair value exchange for data along with inherent trust in the data ecosystem, everyone will

sustainability) into a data-driven economy, those data must be assigned monetary value, then metadata is the

Rebalancing Socioeconomic Asymmetry in a Data-Driven Economy 70 The Global Information technology Report 2014 Â 2014 World Economic Forum

economy, it cannot guarantee that entities handling the data will honor the permissions and policies associated

economic ecosystem in a data-driven economy, enabling the monetary value generated by data to be tracked

-driven knowledge economy is to be realized fully. Such dialogues will need, of course to be conducted on a

Economy Papers, No. 220. OECD Publishing. Available at http //www. oecd-ilibrary. org/science-and-technology/exploring-the

Rebalancing Socioeconomic Asymmetry in a Data-Driven Economy  2014 World Economic Forum PCAST (President†s Council of Advisors on Science and Technology

Rebalancing Socioeconomic Asymmetry in a Data-Driven Economy 72 The Global Information technology Report 2014 Â 2014 World Economic Forum

powering and energizing our economy. †1 These were the words of Neelie Kroes, Vice-president of the European

economy. Mckinsey research shows that companies that use big data can deliver productivity and profit gains

21 Asia-Pacific economies) has developed a self -regulatory framework setting out the principles that economies should implement and companies then

follow to ensure a common, minimum level of data protection across member economies. The aim is to

enable the easier transfer of data among economies where the level of data protection regulation varies

greatly. Although some Asian economies (such as Pakistan) still lack data protection laws entirely or have introduced recently them (e g.,

, China and India), others†such as Japan†have developed well laws. Examples of minimum-level principles are the

economies such as India, Hong kong SAR the Republic of korea, and Singapore, as well as other efforts, such as the APEC

place across various sectors of the economy and society, it is sometimes difficult to quantify its full

as economists are now demonstrating that a fundamental problem exists in our ability to quantify the value of data, and this gap

of the economy as divided into two big categories †goods†and †services. ††22 Data are neither a good nor

only in the past couple of years have economists undertaken serious attempts to quantify the Internet†s

impact on the world†s economies. 23 One example of innovative data use that has a

ECONOMY Apart from producing and using data for better policymaking processes, the public sector can also

innovation and growth throughout economies. To realize the potential of data-driven innovation, policymakers need to develop coherent policies for the use of data

data-driven economy should provide a path for individuals to participate in research through informed consent.

An economy where both the public and private actors who base their decisions on data analysis will

data-driven innovation†s potential benefits for economies CONCLUSION We have begun already to see the impact technology

organizations, and economies that may benefit from it can thrive NOTES 1 Gray 2013 2 The Economist 2013a

3 Mayer-Schonberger and Cukier 2013 4 OECD 2013 5 IBM 2013 6 Manyika et al. 2011

24 The Economist 2013b 25 The Economist 2011 26 Dugas et al. 2013 27 Lu et al. 2012

28 Talbot 2013 29 Brynjolfsson et al. 2011 30 Cacciola and Gibbons 2012 31 Manyika et al. 2011

The Economist. 2011. â€oeattention, Citizens! †The Economist, November 16. Available at http://www. economist. com/node/21538656

††â€. 2013a. â€oecounting Raindrops. †The Economist, February 9 Available at http://www. economist. com/news/science-and

-technology/21571384-how-use-mobile-phone-networks-weather -forecasting-counting-raindrops ††â€. 2013b. â€oehave Germs, Will Travel. †The Economist, January 25

Available at http://www. economist. com/blogs/gulliver/2013/01 /tracking-flu-0 Esty, D c. and R. Rushing. 2007.

Governing by the Numbers: The Promise of Data-Driven Policymaking in the Information Age April.

Center for American Progress. Available at http://www americanprogress. org/wp-content/uploads/issues/2007/04/pdf

/data driven policy report. pdf Government of the Hong kong Special Administrative Region. No date Hong kong Efficiency Unit Homepage.

Rise of the Data-Driven Economy. †Progressive Policy Institute Policy Memo. October. Available at http://www. progressivepolicy

-Economy. pdf Manyika, J.,M. Chui, B. Brown, J. Bughin, R, Dobbs, C. Roxburgh, and

Country/Economy Profiles  2014 World Economic Forum  2014 World Economic Forum The Global Information technology Report 2014 97

How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles The Country/Economy Profiles section presents a profile

for each of the 148 economies covered in The Global Information technology Report 2014. Each profile sum

-marizes an economy†s performance in the various di -mensions of the Networked Readiness Index (NRI

economy†s rank (out of 148 economies) and score (on a 1-to-7 scale) are reported

-mies in the income group to which the economy under review belongs. The country classification by income

Country/Economy Profiles 100 The Global Information technology Report 2014 Note: Indicators followed by an asterisk(*)are measured on a 1-to-7 (best) scale.

Country/Economy Profiles†on page 97 1. Political and regulatory environment 6. Individual usage 5. Skills7.

Index of Country/Economy Profiles Country/Economy Page Albania 100 Algeria 101 Angola 102 Argentina 103

Armenia 104 Australia 105 Austria 106 Azerbaijan 107 Bahrain 108 Bangladesh 109 Barbados 110 Belgium 111

Country/Economy Page Ecuador 137 Egypt 138 El salvador 139 Estonia 140 Ethiopia 141 Finland 142

Country/Economy Page Lebanon 174 Lesotho 175 Liberia 176 Libya 177 Lithuania 178 Luxembourg 179

Country/Economy Page Qatar 211 Romania 212 Russian Federation 213 Rwanda 214 Saudi arabia 215 Seychelles 216

Country/Economy Profiles 100 The Global Information technology Report 2014 Note: Indicators followed by an asterisk(*)are measured on a 1-to-7 (best) scale.

Country/Economy Profiles†on page 97 1. Political and regulatory environment 6. Individual usage 5. Skills7.

Country/Economy Profiles The Global Information technology Report 2014 101 Note: Indicators followed by an asterisk(*)are measured on a 1-to-7 (best) scale.

Country/Economy Profiles†on page 97 1. Political and regulatory environment 6. Individual usage 5. Skills7.

Country/Economy Profiles 102 The Global Information technology Report 2014 Note: Indicators followed by an asterisk(*)are measured on a 1-to-7 (best) scale.

Country/Economy Profiles†on page 97 1. Political and regulatory environment 6. Individual usage 5. Skills7.

Country/Economy Profiles The Global Information technology Report 2014 103 Note: Indicators followed by an asterisk(*)are measured on a 1-to-7 (best) scale.

Country/Economy Profiles†on page 97 1. Political and regulatory environment 6. Individual usage 5. Skills7.

Country/Economy Profiles 104 The Global Information technology Report 2014 Note: Indicators followed by an asterisk(*)are measured on a 1-to-7 (best) scale.

Country/Economy Profiles†on page 97 1. Political and regulatory environment 6. Individual usage 5. Skills7.

Country/Economy Profiles The Global Information technology Report 2014 105 Note: Indicators followed by an asterisk(*)are measured on a 1-to-7 (best) scale.

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Country/Economy Profiles 106 The Global Information technology Report 2014 Note: Indicators followed by an asterisk(*)are measured on a 1-to-7 (best) scale.

Country/Economy Profiles†on page 97 1. Political and regulatory environment 6. Individual usage 5. Skills7.

Country/Economy Profiles The Global Information technology Report 2014 107 Note: Indicators followed by an asterisk(*)are measured on a 1-to-7 (best) scale.

Country/Economy Profiles†on page 97 1. Political and regulatory environment 6. Individual usage 5. Skills7.

Country/Economy Profiles 108 The Global Information technology Report 2014 Note: Indicators followed by an asterisk(*)are measured on a 1-to-7 (best) scale.

Country/Economy Profiles†on page 97 1. Political and regulatory environment 6. Individual usage 5. Skills7.

Country/Economy Profiles The Global Information technology Report 2014 109 Note: Indicators followed by an asterisk(*)are measured on a 1-to-7 (best) scale.

Country/Economy Profiles†on page 97 1. Political and regulatory environment 6. Individual usage 5. Skills7.

Country/Economy Profiles 110 The Global Information technology Report 2014 Note: Indicators followed by an asterisk(*)are measured on a 1-to-7 (best) scale.

Country/Economy Profiles†on page 97 1. Political and regulatory environment 6. Individual usage 5. Skills7.

Country/Economy Profiles The Global Information technology Report 2014 111 Note: Indicators followed by an asterisk(*)are measured on a 1-to-7 (best) scale.

Country/Economy Profiles†on page 97 1. Political and regulatory environment 6. Individual usage 5. Skills7.

Country/Economy Profiles 112 The Global Information technology Report 2014 Note: Indicators followed by an asterisk(*)are measured on a 1-to-7 (best) scale.

Country/Economy Profiles†on page 97 1. Political and regulatory environment 6. Individual usage 5. Skills7.

Country/Economy Profiles The Global Information technology Report 2014 113 Note: Indicators followed by an asterisk(*)are measured on a 1-to-7 (best) scale.

Country/Economy Profiles†on page 97 1. Political and regulatory environment 6. Individual usage 5. Skills7.

Country/Economy Profiles 114 The Global Information technology Report 2014 Note: Indicators followed by an asterisk(*)are measured on a 1-to-7 (best) scale.

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Country/Economy Profiles The Global Information technology Report 2014 115 Note: Indicators followed by an asterisk(*)are measured on a 1-to-7 (best) scale.

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Country/Economy Profiles 116 The Global Information technology Report 2014 Note: Indicators followed by an asterisk(*)are measured on a 1-to-7 (best) scale.

Country/Economy Profiles†on page 97 1. Political and regulatory environment 6. Individual usage 5. Skills7.

Country/Economy Profiles The Global Information technology Report 2014 117 Note: Indicators followed by an asterisk(*)are measured on a 1-to-7 (best) scale.

Country/Economy Profiles†on page 97 1. Political and regulatory environment 6. Individual usage 5. Skills7.

Country/Economy Profiles 118 The Global Information technology Report 2014 Note: Indicators followed by an asterisk(*)are measured on a 1-to-7 (best) scale.

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Country/Economy Profiles†on page 97 1. Political and regulatory environment 6. Individual usage 5. Skills7.

Country/Economy Profiles 236 The Global Information technology Report 2014 Note: Indicators followed by an asterisk(*)are measured on a 1-to-7 (best) scale.

Country/Economy Profiles†on page 97 1. Political and regulatory environment 6. Individual usage 5. Skills7.

Country/Economy Profiles The Global Information technology Report 2014 237 Note: Indicators followed by an asterisk(*)are measured on a 1-to-7 (best) scale.

Country/Economy Profiles†on page 97 1. Political and regulatory environment 6. Individual usage 5. Skills7.

Country/Economy Profiles 238 The Global Information technology Report 2014 Note: Indicators followed by an asterisk(*)are measured on a 1-to-7 (best) scale.

Country/Economy Profiles†on page 97 1. Political and regulatory environment 6. Individual usage 5. Skills7.

Country/Economy Profiles The Global Information technology Report 2014 239 Note: Indicators followed by an asterisk(*)are measured on a 1-to-7 (best) scale.

Country/Economy Profiles†on page 97 1. Political and regulatory environment 6. Individual usage 5. Skills7.

Country/Economy Profiles 240 The Global Information technology Report 2014 Note: Indicators followed by an asterisk(*)are measured on a 1-to-7 (best) scale.

Country/Economy Profiles†on page 97 1. Political and regulatory environment 6. Individual usage 5. Skills7.

Country/Economy Profiles The Global Information technology Report 2014 241 Note: Indicators followed by an asterisk(*)are measured on a 1-to-7 (best) scale.

Country/Economy Profiles†on page 97 1. Political and regulatory environment 6. Individual usage 5. Skills7.

Country/Economy Profiles 242 The Global Information technology Report 2014 Note: Indicators followed by an asterisk(*)are measured on a 1-to-7 (best) scale.

Country/Economy Profiles†on page 97 1. Political and regulatory environment 6. Individual usage 5. Skills7.

Country/Economy Profiles The Global Information technology Report 2014 243 Note: Indicators followed by an asterisk(*)are measured on a 1-to-7 (best) scale.

Country/Economy Profiles†on page 97 1. Political and regulatory environment 6. Individual usage 5. Skills7.

Country/Economy Profiles 244 The Global Information technology Report 2014 Note: Indicators followed by an asterisk(*)are measured on a 1-to-7 (best) scale.

Country/Economy Profiles†on page 97 1. Political and regulatory environment 6. Individual usage 5. Skills7.

Country/Economy Profiles The Global Information technology Report 2014 245 Note: Indicators followed by an asterisk(*)are measured on a 1-to-7 (best) scale.

Country/Economy Profiles†on page 97 1. Political and regulatory environment 6. Individual usage 5. Skills7.

Country/Economy Profiles 246 The Global Information technology Report 2014 Note: Indicators followed by an asterisk(*)are measured on a 1-to-7 (best) scale.

Country/Economy Profiles†on page 97 1. Political and regulatory environment 6. Individual usage 5. Skills7.

Country/Economy Profiles The Global Information technology Report 2014 247 Note: Indicators followed by an asterisk(*)are measured on a 1-to-7 (best) scale.

Country/Economy Profiles†on page 97 1. Political and regulatory environment 6. Individual usage 5. Skills7.

Country/Economy Profiles 248 The Global Information technology Report 2014 Note: Indicators followed by an asterisk(*)are measured on a 1-to-7 (best) scale.

Country/Economy Profiles†on page 97 1. Political and regulatory environment 6. Individual usage 5. Skills7.

148 economies included in The Global Information Technology Report 2014. The data tables are organized into 10 sections,

economy, this is indicated in a footnote. A detailed description for each indicator can be found in the

RANK COUNTRY/ECONOMY VALUE 1 3. 6 7 1 Singapore...6. 1 2 Finland...5. 7

RANK COUNTRY/ECONOMY VALUE 1 3. 6 7 75 Tanzania...3. 5 76 Swaziland...3. 5

RANK COUNTRY/ECONOMY VALUE 1 3. 6 7 1 Singapore...6. 1 2 Finland...5. 7

RANK COUNTRY/ECONOMY VALUE 1 3. 6 7 75 Tanzania...3. 5 76 Swaziland...3. 5

RANK COUNTRY/ECONOMY VALUE 1 3. 9 7 1 Luxembourg...5. 9 2 Singapore...5. 8

RANK COUNTRY/ECONOMY VALUE 1 3. 9 7 75 Guatemala...3. 9 76 Sri lanka...3. 9

RANK COUNTRY/ECONOMY VALUE 1 3. 9 7 1 New zealand...6. 7 2 Finland...6. 6

RANK COUNTRY/ECONOMY VALUE 1 3. 9 7 75 Montenegro...3. 6 76 Slovenia...3. 6

RANK COUNTRY/ECONOMY VALUE 1 3. 8 7 1 Singapore...6. 1 2 Finland...6. 1

RANK COUNTRY/ECONOMY VALUE 1 3. 8 7 75 Tanzania...3. 6 76 Philippines...3. 6

RANK COUNTRY/ECONOMY VALUE 1 3. 5 7 1 Finland...5. 9 2 Hong kong SAR...

RANK COUNTRY/ECONOMY VALUE 1 3. 5 7 75 Lesotho...3. 4 76 Armenia...3. 4

RANK COUNTRY/ECONOMY VALUE 1 3. 8 7 1 Finland...6. 2 2 Singapore...6. 1

RANK COUNTRY/ECONOMY VALUE 1 3. 8 7 75 Armenia...3. 6 76 Montenegro...3. 6

RANK COUNTRY/ECONOMY VALUE 1 United states...19 2 Luxembourg...20 3 Japan...21 4 New zealand...

RANK COUNTRY/ECONOMY VALUE 75 Honduras...73 76 Tunisia...74 77 Albania...75 78 Dominican republic...

RANK COUNTRY/ECONOMY VALUE 1 Ireland...21 1 Singapore...21 3 Rwanda...23 4 Austria...

RANK COUNTRY/ECONOMY VALUE 67 Nicaragua...37 67 Philippines...37 67 Seychelles...37 78 Barbados...

RANK COUNTRY/ECONOMY VALUE 1 Singapore...150 2 New zealand...216 3 Bhutan...225 4 Korea, Rep...230

RANK COUNTRY/ECONOMY VALUE 74 Slovak Republic...545 76 Portugal...547 77 Bulgaria...564 78 Tunisia...

RANK COUNTRY/ECONOMY VALUE 1 4. 9 7 1 Finland...6. 5 2 Sweden...6. 5

RANK COUNTRY/ECONOMY VALUE 1 4. 9 7 75 Thailand...4. 9 76 Bosnia and herzegovina...4. 9

RANK COUNTRY/ECONOMY VALUE 1 2. 7 7 1 Hong kong SAR...4. 6 2 Qatar...

RANK COUNTRY/ECONOMY VALUE 1 2. 7 7 75 Colombia...2. 6 76 Mexico...2. 6

RANK COUNTRY/ECONOMY VALUE 1 Macedonia, FYR...8. 2 2 Timor-Leste...11.0 3 Qatar...

RANK COUNTRY/ECONOMY VALUE 75 Mozambique...37.5 76 El salvador...38.1 77 Armenia...38.8 78 Honduras...39.2

RANK COUNTRY/ECONOMY VALUE 1 New zealand...1 2 Georgia...2 2 Macedonia, FYR...2 2 Rwanda...

RANK COUNTRY/ECONOMY VALUE 75 Germany...15 76 Benin...15 76 Cameroon...15 76 Colombia...

RANK COUNTRY/ECONOMY VALUE 1 Canada...1 1 New zealand...1 3 Armenia...2 3 Georgia...2

RANK COUNTRY/ECONOMY VALUE 58 United arab emirates...6 58 United kingdom...6 58 United states...6 58 Yemen...6

RANK COUNTRY/ECONOMY VALUE 1 4. 9 7 1 Japan...6. 2 2 Taiwan, China...

RANK COUNTRY/ECONOMY VALUE 1 4. 9 7 75 Dominican republic...4. 9 76 Nigeria...4. 9

RANK COUNTRY/ECONOMY VALUE 1 Korea, Rep...100.8 2 Finland...95.5 3 United states...95.3 4 Greece8...

RANK COUNTRY/ECONOMY VALUE 75 Paraguay11...34.5 76 Dominican Republic5...34.0 77 Bahrain12...33.5 78 Algeria12...

RANK COUNTRY/ECONOMY VALUE 1 4. 2 7 1 Switzerland...6. 1 2 Belgium...6. 0

RANK COUNTRY/ECONOMY VALUE 1 4. 2 7 75 Seychelles...4. 2 76 Venezuela...4. 2

RANK COUNTRY/ECONOMY VALUE 1 3. 5 7 1 Qatar...5. 6 2 Singapore...5. 1

RANK COUNTRY/ECONOMY VALUE 1 3. 5 7 75 Mauritius...3. 5 76 Tanzania...3. 5

RANK COUNTRY/ECONOMY VALUE 1 Iceland3...54,817. 2 2 Norway3...29,244. 2 3 Canada3...18,510. 4

RANK COUNTRY/ECONOMY VALUE 75 Croatia...2, 500.1 76 Mexico3...2, 449.5 77 Jordan...2, 369.7

RANK COUNTRY/ECONOMY VALUE 1 Azerbaijan...100.0 1 Bahrain...100.0 1 Bhutan...100.0 1 Chile8...

RANK COUNTRY/ECONOMY VALUE 58 Morocco...99.0 58 Philippines8...99.0 58 Portugal...99.0 58 Tunisia...

RANK COUNTRY/ECONOMY VALUE 1 Luxembourg...4, 088.5 2 Hong kong SAR...1, 426.6 3 Malta...

RANK COUNTRY/ECONOMY VALUE 75 Timor-Leste...17.5 76 Albania...17.4 77 Indonesia...17.1 78 CÃ'te d†Ivoire...

RANK COUNTRY/ECONOMY VALUE 1 Iceland...3, 139.3 2 Netherlands...2, 803.7 3 Korea, Rep...2, 751.6

RANK COUNTRY/ECONOMY VALUE 75 Cape verde...24.3 76 Ukraine...23.5 77 Moldova...23.0 78 Dominican republic...

RANK COUNTRY/ECONOMY VALUE 1 4. 9 7 1 Iceland...6. 6 2 Finland...6. 5

RANK COUNTRY/ECONOMY VALUE 1 4. 9 7 75 Oman...5. 1 76 Mauritius...5. 0

RANK COUNTRY/ECONOMY VALUE 1 Liberia3...0. 00 2 Sierra Leone3...0. 00 3 Hong kong SAR...

RANK COUNTRY/ECONOMY VALUE 75 El Salvador3...0. 26 76 Mozambique...0. 26 77 Venezuela...

RANK COUNTRY/ECONOMY VALUE 1 Sri lanka...8. 22 2 Israel3...8. 39 3 Bangladesh...10.37

RANK COUNTRY/ECONOMY VALUE 75 Canada...32.57 76 Paraguay...32.63 77 Norway...33.89 78 Portugal...

RANK COUNTRY/ECONOMY VALUE 1 Argentina1...2. 00 1 Australia5...2. 00 1 Austria6...2. 00

RANK COUNTRY/ECONOMY VALUE 74 Ukraine19...1. 86 76 United Kingdom16...1. 85 77 Cape Verde17...

RANK COUNTRY/ECONOMY VALUE 1 3. 7 7 1 Switzerland...6. 0 2 Finland...5. 9

RANK COUNTRY/ECONOMY VALUE 1 3. 7 7 75 Panama...3. 6 76 Cambodia...3. 6

*How well does the educational system in your country meet the needs of a competitive economy?

RANK COUNTRY/ECONOMY VALUE 1 4. 0 7 1 Singapore...6. 3 2 Finland...6. 3

RANK COUNTRY/ECONOMY VALUE 1 4. 0 7 75 Kazakhstan...4. 1 76 Zambia...4. 0

RANK COUNTRY/ECONOMY VALUE 1 Australia...133.0 2 Spain...128.5 3 Netherlands...128.4 4 New zealand...

RANK COUNTRY/ECONOMY VALUE 75 Bosnia and herzegovina...89.3 76 Jordan...89.1 77 Turkey...88.9 78 Kyrgyz Republic...

RANK COUNTRY/ECONOMY VALUE 1 Estonia...99.8 2 Latvia...99.8 3 Azerbaijan5...99.8 4 Georgia...99.7

RANK COUNTRY/ECONOMY VALUE 75 Malaysia6...93.1 76 South africa...93.0 77 Indonesia...92.8 78 Myanmar...

RANK COUNTRY/ECONOMY VALUE 1 Hong kong SAR...229.2 2 Saudi arabia...187.4 3 Kazakhstan...185.8 4 Russian Federation...

RANK COUNTRY/ECONOMY VALUE 75 Spain...108.4 76 Iceland...108.1 77 Georgia...107.8 78 Ireland...

RANK COUNTRY/ECONOMY VALUE 1 Iceland...96.2 2 Norway...95.0 3 Sweden...94.0 4 Denmark...

RANK COUNTRY/ECONOMY VALUE 75 Egypt...44.1 76 Venezuela...44.0 77 Moldova...43.4 78 China...

RANK COUNTRY/ECONOMY VALUE 1 Netherlands...97.2 2 Iceland...96.0 3 Bahrain...92.7 4 Denmark...

RANK COUNTRY/ECONOMY VALUE 75 Panama...38.3 76 Egypt...37.9 77 Iran, Islamic Rep...37.0

RANK COUNTRY/ECONOMY VALUE 1 Korea, Rep...97.4 2 Iceland...95.0 3 Netherlands...94.0 4 Luxembourg...

RANK COUNTRY/ECONOMY VALUE 75 Colombia...32.1 76 Georgia...32.0 77 Panama...31.6 78 Iran, Islamic Rep...26.5

RANK COUNTRY/ECONOMY VALUE 1 Switzerland...39.9 2 Netherlands...39.8 3 Denmark...38.8 4 France...

RANK COUNTRY/ECONOMY VALUE 75 Venezuela...6. 7 76 Suriname...5. 5 77 Ecuador...5. 3

RANK COUNTRY/ECONOMY VALUE 1 Singapore...126.1 2 Japan...115.1 3 Finland...106.6 4 Korea, Rep...105.1

RANK COUNTRY/ECONOMY VALUE 75 Mongolia...18.4 76 China...16.9 77 Turkey...16.5 78 Dominican republic...

RANK COUNTRY/ECONOMY VALUE 1 5. 5 7 1 Iceland...6. 7 2 United kingdom...6. 6

RANK COUNTRY/ECONOMY VALUE 1 5. 5 7 75 Mongolia...5. 6 76 Hungary...5. 6

RANK COUNTRY/ECONOMY VALUE 1 4. 7 7 1 Sweden...6. 2 2 Iceland...6. 2

RANK COUNTRY/ECONOMY VALUE 1 4. 7 7 75 Trinidad and tobago...4. 7 76 Croatia...4. 7

RANK COUNTRY/ECONOMY VALUE 1 3. 6 7 1 Switzerland...5. 8 2 Finland...5. 7

RANK COUNTRY/ECONOMY VALUE 1 3. 6 7 75 Mexico...3. 5 76 Rwanda...3. 5

RANK COUNTRY/ECONOMY VALUE 1 Japan1...301.1 2 Sweden1...294.5 3 Switzerland1...293.5 4 Finland1...

RANK COUNTRY/ECONOMY VALUE 75 Egypt1...0. 6 76 Sri Lanka1...0. 6 77 Azerbaijan1...

RANK COUNTRY/ECONOMY VALUE 1 4. 8 7 1 Finland...6. 2 2 Switzerland...6. 2

RANK COUNTRY/ECONOMY VALUE 1 4. 8 7 75 Jamaica...4. 8 76 Cyprus...4. 8

RANK COUNTRY/ECONOMY VALUE 1 4. 4 7 1 United kingdom...6. 3 2 Korea, Rep...6. 2

RANK COUNTRY/ECONOMY VALUE 1 4. 4 7 75 Brunei Darussalam...4. 5 76 Mexico...

RANK COUNTRY/ECONOMY VALUE 1 4. 0 7 1 Switzerland...5. 6 2 Finland...5. 5

RANK COUNTRY/ECONOMY VALUE 1 4. 0 7 75 Poland...4. 0 76 Dominican republic...4. 0

RANK COUNTRY/ECONOMY VALUE 1 4. 0 7 1 United arab emirates...5. 9 2 Qatar...5. 9

RANK COUNTRY/ECONOMY VALUE 1 4. 0 7 75 Sierra leone...3. 9 76 Mexico...3. 9

RANK COUNTRY/ECONOMY VALUE 1 Korea, Rep...1. 00 1 Singapore...1. 00 1 United states...

RANK COUNTRY/ECONOMY VALUE 74 Tunisia...0. 48 76 Ethiopia...0. 47 77 Guatemala...0. 46

RANK COUNTRY/ECONOMY VALUE 1 4. 3 7 1 Rwanda...6. 2 2 United arab emirates...6. 1

RANK COUNTRY/ECONOMY VALUE 1 4. 3 7 75 Jamaica...4. 3 76 Bangladesh...4. 3

RANK COUNTRY/ECONOMY VALUE 1 4. 3 7 1 Finland...5. 8 2 Korea, Rep...5. 7

RANK COUNTRY/ECONOMY VALUE 1 4. 3 7 75 Ghana...4. 3 76 Cyprus...4. 3

RANK COUNTRY/ECONOMY VALUE 1 Japan1...118.9 2 Finland1...110.1 3 Sweden1...88.8 4 Korea, Rep. 1...87.8

RANK COUNTRY/ECONOMY VALUE 75 Azerbaijan1...0. 1 76 Colombia1...0. 1 77 Jordan1...0. 1

RANK COUNTRY/ECONOMY VALUE 1 4. 1 7 1 Finland...5. 7 2 Qatar...5. 5

RANK COUNTRY/ECONOMY VALUE 1 4. 1 7 75 Guyana...4. 1 76 Barbados...4. 1

RANK COUNTRY/ECONOMY VALUE 1 Luxembourg...57.2 2 Singapore10...51.0 3 Switzerland...49.8 4 Sweden...

RANK COUNTRY/ECONOMY VALUE 75 Brazil...20.5 76 Mauritius...20.4 77 Turkey...20.2 78 Jamaica10...

RANK COUNTRY/ECONOMY VALUE 1 4. 2 7 1 Qatar...6. 1 2 United arab emirates...6. 1

RANK COUNTRY/ECONOMY VALUE 1 4. 2 7 75 Guatemala...4. 1 76 Tunisia...4. 1

RANK COUNTRY/ECONOMY VALUE 1 4. 2 7 1 Iceland...6. 6 2 Finland...6. 6

RANK COUNTRY/ECONOMY VALUE 1 4. 2 7 75 Jamaica...4. 1 76 Guyana...4. 1

RANK COUNTRY/ECONOMY VALUE 1 4. 1 7 1 Singapore...6. 1 2 United arab emirates...6. 0

RANK COUNTRY/ECONOMY VALUE 1 4. 1 7 75 Guyana...4. 1 76 Costa rica...4. 1

RANK COUNTRY/ECONOMY VALUE 1 Korea, Rep...1. 00 1 Netherlands...1. 00 3 Kazakhstan...

RANK COUNTRY/ECONOMY VALUE 71 Poland...0. 18 71 Uruguay...0. 18 77 Burkina faso...0. 16

scores for all economies on this particular indicator. The indicators derived from the 2012 and 2013 editions of the

The list of procedural steps compiled for each economy traces the chronology of a commercial dispute before the relevant court

For each economy, the level of competition in each of the categories is assessed as follows: monopoly, partial

the needs of a competitive economy? 1=not well at all; 7 =extremely well 2012†2013 weighted average

Senior Economist at the Global Competitiveness and Benchmarking Network at the World Economic Forum In this capacity, he carries out research on national

Roberto Crotti is a Quantitative Economist with the Global Competitiveness and Benchmarking Network at the

Bureau Chief and US Business editor of The Economist and a Senior Researcher at Britain†s Institute for Fiscal Studies

Economy and Values Research center Manuk Hergnyan, Chairman Sevak Hovhannisyan, Board member and Senior Associate Gohar Malumyan, Research Associate

Julie Toth, Chief Economist Innes Willox, Chief executive Austria Austrian Institute of Economic Research (WIFO Karl Aiginger, Director

Sosthene Gnansounou, Lead Economist Wilfried Houedokou, Economist Bhutan Bhutan Chamber of commerce & Industry Sherab Lhamo, Research Officer

Phub Tshering, Secretary general Druk Holding & Investment Randall Krantz, Strategy Adviser Bosnia and herzegovina MIT Center, School of economics and Business in Sarajevo

Fabiana Madsen, Economist and Associate Researcher Samuel Siewers, Bachelor Student in Economics Movimento Brasil Competitivo (MBC

Iman Al-Ayouty, Senior Economist Omneia Helmy, Acting Executive director and Director of Research Estonia Estonian Institute of Economic Research (ECES

ETLA€ The Research Institute of the Finnish Economy Markku Kotilainen, Research director Petri Rouvinen, Research director Vesa Vihriã¤lã¤,Managing director

Thanasis Printsipas, Economist, Entrepreneurship Guatemala FUNDESA Felipe Bosch G.,President of the Board of directors Pablo Schneider, Economic Director

David O†Rear, Chief Economist Federation of Hong kong Industries Alexandra Poon, Director Hungary KOPINT-Tà RKI Economic Research Ltd

Conor Hand, Economist Israel Manufacturers Association of Israel (MAI Dan Catarivas, Foreign Trade & International Relations Director

Ona Grigiene, Deputy Head, Knowledge Economy and Special Surveys Statistics Division Vilija Lapeniene, Director General

Gediminas Samuolis, Head, Knowledge Economy and Special Surveys Statistics Division Luxembourg Luxembourg Chamber of commerce Christel Chatelain, Research Analyst

Carlo Thelen, Chief Economist, Member of the Managing Board Macedonia, FYR National Entrepreneurship and Competitiveness Council

Ministry of the Economy Adolfo Cimadevilla Cervera, Technical Secretary for Competitiveness Sergio Merino Gonzã¡lez, Deputy General Director for

Michael B. Mundo, Chief Economist Marc P. Opulencia, Deputy Director Peter Angelo V. Perfecto, Executive director

Vladimir Dubrovskiy, Leading Economist United arab emirates Competitiveness Office Of Abu dhabi H. E. Mohammed Omar Abdulla, Undersecretary

preparedness of economies to leverage the networked economy, providing a unique platform for public-private dialogue on best policies and for determining

measures the extent to which 148 economies, from both the developed and developing worlds, take

In addition, the Report includes detailed profiles for the 148 economies covered this year together with data tables for each of the 54 indicators used in the computation of the NRI


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