and nutritious meals to students daily†and does so at a higher gross margin than traditional
and can reduce cycle time, increase flexibility, foster faster learning and enable innovation. Buying local includes not only local companies but also local units of national or international
even though more and more of their graduates hunger for a greater sense of purpose and a growing number are drawn to
Michael E. Porter is the Bishop William Lawrence University Professor at Harvard university. He is a frequent contributor
Mark R. Kramer cofounded FSG, a global social impact consulting firm, with Professor Porter and is its managing
Atta Badii is a high-ranking professor at the University of Reading where he is Director of the Intelligent Systems Research Laboratory, at the School of Systems
designation of Distinguished Professor of Systems Engineering and Digital Innovation (UCC and is an International Privacy-By design Ambassador as designated by the Canadian
†Students and citizens interested in statistics and in knowing more about GDP measurement initiatives
platform for changemakers, innovators, educators and students. It enables individuals and communities to build and visualise their shared knowledge and unlock their
students and researchers, civil society organisations, governmental and inter -governmental organisations, multilateral institutions, businesses, statistical offices
and, Learning Theory (for example as reported in Badii 2000,2008) have investigated human memory biases that underpin
Buckingham Shum, S. & Deakin Crick, R. 2012) Learning Dispositions...Knowledge Vancouver, British columbia, Canada, April 29-May 2, 2012
share learning and best practice, and seek funding and sustainable new business models This research has identified the goals of policy, the policy tools and funding instruments
5. 4 Dissemination & learning 5. 5 Evaluation 6. 1 What should policymakers do REINVENTING
It brings primary sources into every classroom and allows for more open and rapid communication between teachers and students.
For instance, The Open University, based in the United kingdom, and other models of distance learning have made education much more widely available.
to combine open hardware technologies with new learning methods to experiment with new educational practices, enhanced by the way technology is integrated within the
learning environment Open standards A number of organisations affect DSI in Europe through acting as expert bodies on the
& constructing informal learning networks Fab academy; Institute for network culture; Coder dojo†s; and more generally the
and designer, started the Arduino project to enable students at the Interaction Design Institute Ivrea (IDII) to build electronic
Dissemination & learning 5. 5 Evaluation 4. 4 THE BETA â€oebottom-UP€ POLICY WORKSHOP TOOLKIT
Dissemination & learning 5. 5 Evaluation 66 Growing a Digital Social Innovation Ecosystem for Europe
DISSEMINATION & LEARNING EVALUATION In order to implement future DSI policy goals and strategies, several tools and in
DISSEMINATION & LEARNING EVALUATION There is a common sentiment that a strong public intervention at EU level is need
or playground installations †are funded by citizens themselves Seed funding is a very early-stage investment,
create new digital products, new public services or learning programmes The creation of a European network that would encompass regional innovation
5. 4 DISSEMINATION & LEARNING 81growing a Digital Social Innovation Ecosystem for Europe Firstly, tools for general dissemination should be included.
à Provide link between academic evaluation and evaluation reports (more professional, consultancy based, etc à Explore DSI specific indicators such as Open Data access, digital skills
goal it is to help †students use new technologies to design and make products that can make a difference to
learning and action programme linking cities financed under the ERDF http://urbact. eu /4 http://ec. europa. eu/employment social/equal/products/index en. cfm
ï§How can they capitalise on the collective learning processes that social innovation engenders ï§How can they capitalise on the transformative promise that social innovation holds for public
has been continued in this period with ESF Learning Networks which involve Managing Authorities on more than a dozen themes.
including both INTERREG IVC and URBACT and in ESF transnational actions and Learning networks which exchange learning on key topics
21st century society increasingly demands digital literacy, and while physical access to ICT has never
inclusion through community-based learning. The basic idea is excluded that digitally people can be reached best
The project organises drop in sessions in local community premises or face-to-face learning sessions. Twenty Digital Activists, all volunteers, recruited from among disadvantaged people
To promote learning and the exchange of ideas, a network of municipalities involved in the
renovation of playgrounds; creating a new football ground; creating small gardens and open spaces between houses, a new public agora for outdoor leisure and other
and literacy, personal loans and insurance Microfinance was slow to take off in Europe. ADIE47 in France was one of the first to start up in the
disadvantaged neighbourhoods to renovate school playgrounds. Following this success, it turned its attention to redesigninging prefabricated social housing estates.
23 Professor Monti clearly identified public servic -es (or services of general economic interest) as being at the centre of social concerns
-posed of a favourable governance framework, capacity-building tools and learning pro -cesses) have become necessary
was pioneered by Esther Duflo, professor at MIT and Director of the Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab, 52 which has grown now into a global network of professors who use
randomised evaluations to answer critical policy questions in the fight against poverty This network has conducted over 500 randomised evaluations in 57 countries.
In line with the idea that we are still in a learning process, analysis and research is being
include savings, financial education and literacy, personal loans and insurance Microfinance was slow to take off in Europe.
-er it is appropriate to bring together new learning experiences and networks for public sector leaders at European level;
through more workplace and entrepreneurial learning experiences and more possibilities for self employment Considering the very high level of youth unemployment as a consequence of the crisis
learner-centred models involving personalised and interdisciplinary learning, soft-skills and platforms for knowledge, especially in ICT, Massive Open Online
non-formal and informal learning 1. 1. 7. The European Platform against Poverty and Social
-ergy literacy and can be compared to the rise of the internet, which has enabled users to participate strongly in a two-directional flow of information
analysis, mutual learning and grants) and will have a specific budget for social inno -vation and social policy experimentation.
solutions on the use of ICT in the classroom and to prevent early school leaving.
-mote a learning and participatory society. Drawing from the inputs of the Commission†s services, the presentation adopted here reflects the
Ministers, Members of the European parliament, business leaders, deans of universities and research centres, bankers and venture capitalists, top researchers, innovators and
Transnational †Learning Networks†of ESF Managing Authorities and Intermediate Bod -ies that focus on specific thematic and governance issues, as well as the establishment
-lective and creative learning processes, in which key players form different social groups and rural and urban contexts participate.
and applied learning about systems change. Based on the premise of inviting participation, as is encouraged in
y It enhances transnational learning and cooperation to better value the societal potential in Europe for social innovation, create synergies
and informal learning emphasises the role that non-formal learning plays in increasing the employability and social inclusion of young people;
education and their relevance for students and society. Examples include: U Multirank194 a new performance-based ranking and information tool for profiling higher education
data on European higher education learning mobility and employment in cooperation with Eurostat Furthermore, a European Alliance for Apprenticeships has been established to drive
that quality apprenticeships provide students with a valuable combination of theoretical knowledge and practical know-how that make them attractive for future employers.
Youth work and non-formal learning play an important role in social innovation, particularly by offering alternative ways of learning
and through practices that tackle inclusion problems such as youth employment or early school leaving. It helps to empower young people
In the field of youth, a peer learning exercise launched in 2012 in the framework of the
capacity of young people through non formal and informal learning experiences, final -ised its report,
and Mutual Learning Action Plans (MML) targeting a number of focus areas, one of which is health, in line with the objectives of the European Innovation Partnership on active and
new technologies for teaching and learning. In particular, a large-scale FP7-funded re -search project dedicated to Reducing Early School Leaving in Europe206 addresses the
academics, students and †geeksâ€. The EC reaches out to NGOS and volunteer citizens to enable them to be collectively aware of social innovation,
ICT-based learning: Developing the capabilities of children to understand written texts is key to their development as young adults.
learning & development unit gave them some space and resources they started experimenting with participatory leadership practices
shopper, a driver, a nurse, a gardener, a teacher or student †entailing so much of what makes us human.
and rapid learning that are accompanying the birth of this new economy. But we can be certain that its emergence will encourage ever more interest in how
and should evolve through shared learning. Social innovations often struggle against the odds †all of our chances of success will
classrooms, the use of assistive devices for the elderly, or implants to cut teenage pregnancy.
range of visualisation techniques †such as mapping as a tool for learning about sexual health and reproduction,
Feedback loops are a necessary precondition for learning reviewing and improving. This could include front line service research
in areas like recycling, personalised learning in schools and self-managed healthcare, and are likely to be critical to future productivity gains in
7. Hattie, J. 2008) †Visible Learning: A synthesis of over 800 meta-analyses relating to
Nooteboom, B. 2000) †Learning and Innovation in Organisations and Economies. †Oxford Oxford university Press
prison day and the role of the prison officer around an intensive learning programme. 1
A Learning Prison. The prison is divided up into houses (the image above is a cross section) with cells on the top three floors, a communal space on
and a learning centre in the basement. Image courtesy of Hilary Cottam, Buschow Henley, Do Tank Ltd
Appraisal (PRA) or Participatory Learning and Action (PLA. Robert Barcamp Vancouver, 2009. Participants decide on the programme and run
2002) †Learning Works: The 21st Century Prison. †London: Do Tank Ltd 2. See Boal, A. 1979) †Theatre of the Oppressed. †London:
that faster implementation would speed up learning. This idea has now 3 spread into service prototyping and the social field †and organisations
The combination of social learning and technological advancement that open testing demonstrates has many applications in encouraging sustainable and systemic innovation that is
Under the programme, recent graduates and young professionals spend two years working on various projects, building
of students, young professionals, and residents. Felipe Berrã os, who launched the initiative, believed that this was the best arrangement â€
adapting, listening, and learning. Management is not only about the 4 70 THE OPEN BOOK OF SOCIAL INNOVATION
A Pratham classroom. Pratham provides primary education to some of India†s most deprived children. Images courtesy of the Pratham team
promoted fast learning 165) Endorsement by regulators for example, the impact of NICE in increasing the pressure on healthcare commissioners to take up
through a series of events and learning visits 168) Global diffusion and encouragement, for example through GBUPA
Organic farming students at Everdale. Everdale is an organic farm and environmental learning centre. Its purpose is to teach sustainable living
practices, and operate a model organic farm. Image courtesy of Everdale 5 94 THE OPEN BOOK OF SOCIAL INNOVATION
packages and adaptation and learning processes are required for the generative diffusion of innovation. The NHS †Adapt and Adoptâ€
effectiveness, expertise, knowledge transfer, and learning. Collaboration can help institutions work better and grow †both in terms of size
Practice Guide†made up of Quality Standards and Learning Resources Members of the Network are supported also with branding, web and
†add†to the quality of pupils they take in †some schools might achieve very good exam results simply because of the quality of their intake
approaches (led by Professor Paul Dolan) which compare public policy and social actions by estimating the extra income people would need to
example of this is school inspections †inspectors assess and then share good practice. Comparative metrics are used increasingly by
229) Assessment as learning, including peer reviews and real time evaluation methods to promote cross-pollination such as NESTA€ s
Cultura e Desenvolvimento (Brazil) go further, giving students the experience of working in small social enterprises.
digital learning environments such as colleges in second life 255) Comprehensive pilots, such as the Bastoey Island prison in Norway
series of learning events 272) Organising formal coalitions for change with explicit goals, and broadly agreed roles for different sectors †for example to create a
UK€ s biggest single source of carbon dioxide-for ten days of learning and sustainable living,
promote and disseminate learning and best practice. These are sometimes strongly promoted by funders †for example, the European Commission†s
allow fast learning across a community of innovators and establish clear pathways for scaling up the most promising models
and postdoctoral students, with a target of 4, 000 researchers on-site by 2015, and another 6, 000 scientists in related fields such as clean
296) Innovation learning labs. There are now a range of innovation learning labs within universities. Examples include the Innovation and
up separate initiatives, promoting learning and collaboration across This is the winning team from 2009†s Social Innovation Camp.
learning in action ††learning while doingâ€. They have proved an effective tool for practitioners in local government in the UK, where the IDEA€ s
305) Action learning sets are groups of between four and seven people who come together on a regular basis to reflect on their work, support
Entrepreneurs, where students are divided into action learning sets for the duration of the one year course
critical for learning, reviewing and improving. This can include online platforms to ensure rapid transmission of information.
321) Learning cultures. The biggest barrier to innovation is the lack of a culture of learning that rewards public agencies and public servants
for learning from their own mistakes, learning from other sectors, and learning from other places.
One feature of the most innovative public agencies is that they are comfortable adopting ideas from diverse and
This playground at the Nunsmoor Centre in the West end of Newcastle is sure to be one the kids will love,
Graduate school, University of West indies, and the Hong kong Polytechnic University. The Ford Foundation is a founding donor of the
pupil representation (one third), and the provision of free school meals However, the model could be applied in other contexts
398) Accreditation, search and recruitment of public innovators by commercial headhunters or government agencies. For example, with
West Philly Hybrid X Team, a group of students from West Philadelphia High School†s Academy of Automotive and Mechanical engineering with their
group of students set up their own visual arts studio. The students work Processing bamboo as part of Prosperity Initiative†s plan to transform
the bamboo sector in Northwest Vietnam. In two years the project has enabled 22,000 people to move out of poverty.
The students are responsible for running the studio and raising funds. In this way, it combines creative freedom, business
practice, and collaborative learning. The idea has spread and there are now Room 13 studios in Mexico, Nepal, Austria, South africa, USA
in a learning session at the Roffey Park Leadership Retreat. Each Upriser presents on an issue affecting their local community
Many MBAS now offer modules on social entrepreneurship, and there is a thriving market in specialist courses
per week of world-class training, delivered by prestigious graduate employers, business schools, think tanks, sector leaders and others
The learning programme is based on †learning through doing†and peer-learning 487) Mutual support networks such as Community Action Network (CAN
which promotes social entrepreneurship and social enterprise across the UK (see also method 466 3 SUPPORT IN THE MARKET ECONOMY 193
of life skills learning, the role of many of the social and educational services the arrangements for retirement and unemployment, the size and location of
a Health Information Accreditation Scheme in the UK which gives kite marks to organisations that produce information and moderate websites
students to grow flowers, fruits, and vegetables. The Food for Life Partnership (which includes the Focus on Food Campaign, Garden
students at lunchtime 515) Community centres that merge into household activities †childcare entertainment, meals †and engage citizens in management
Year 1 pupils from Collaton St mary Primary school dig up organic potatoes, grown in their school garden.
support structures †such as reading groups, asthma networks, homework clubs, or gardening groups †as well as citizens engaging in formal activities
converged on Kingsnorth power station for a week of learning, sustainable living and climate action. The event was organised by Camp for Climate
Professor at LSE, UCL, and Melbourne University. His latest book is The Art of Public Strategy:
to open data and also in  encouraging more women to participate in learning to code through open
interesting examples include the organization of learning seminars, the establishment of clusters of policy makers, or the establishment of learning communities
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growth, energy and sustainability, 22 learning, tele-care applications and so forth. There are also a number of projects in the areas of einclusion, ehealth, participatory planning, 23and egovernment24 25.
case of the Arduino Playground (http://playground. arduino. cc/),a wiki where all the users of Arduino can
which provides advanced digital fabrication instruction for students through a unique, hands-on curriculum as well as access to technological tools and resources.
learning and education activities are only a few examples. The Fab Foundation (http://www. fabfoundation org/)is an example of the latter.
Opportunities for learning and network -ing Visibility and reputation Open/big data Organization of competi -tions
-ate value alongside producers (no teacher can force students to learn if they don†t
business degree to students from disadvantaged backgrounds. 5 These individual stories are always inspiring, energizing, and impressive.
learning and adaptation turns the ideas into forms that may be very different from the expectations of the pio
-ingly sophisticated understanding of how learning takes place. New models such as the collaboratives in health (used by the U k. National Health Service to
These examples highlight innovation as a learning curve, rather than as the â€oeeureka†moment of a lone genius. Ideas start off as possibilities that are only
learning once again becomes more tacit, until another set of simpler syntheses emerge Some organizations appear particularly good at maintaining the momentum
they depend so much on co-production by the user, patient, or learner We have proposed some of the new mechanisms
there are sophisticated metrics of success that can reward rapid learning and evolv -ing end goals
-ty operated and managed by its students. Students perform all functions, from administrative duties to facilities management.
Two key features of the university are (1) its partnerships with a great number of businesses in the design and delivery of all programs,
all students to return to their rural schools and communities during holidays to teach what they
â€oeepistemic Communities, Situated Learning and Open source Software Developmentâ€, Working Paper, Department of Manufacturing Engineering and Management, Technical University of Denmark
Public and private learning in a changing society, Harmondsworth Penguin Steindl, J (ï oe990. â€oefrom Stagnation in the ï oe930s to Slow Growth in the ï oe970sâ€, in Political economy in the 20th century
A Way of Knowing and Learning, London: Routledge Watzlawick, P, Beavin, J H, and D Jackson (ï oe967).
2013) of social learning, where novel socio-technical configurations evolve. Furthermore, some novel configurations break through
does not have any special accreditation such as an authorized economic operator status WHAT THE TRADING ACROSS BORDERS
What are we learning about the impact of digital technologies on Social Innovation? 40 How Digital social innovation happens 45
and †from new models of learning, access to knowledge and education, to new ways of improving the quality of the environment, to mass scale behav
It brings primary sources into every classroom and allows for more open and rapid communication between teachers and students.
For instance, The Open university, based in the United kingdom, and other models of distance learning have made education much more widely availa
These kinds of projects are able to combine open hardware technologies with new learning methods to ex
within the learning environment 27 Table 4 Â Health wellbeing and inclusion Sustainable socio -economic
-ly developed by students at the Interaction Design Institute Ivrea (IDII) in Italy Social enterprises, charities and foundations
is to help †students use new technologies to design and make products that can make a difference to their
capacity-building & constructing informal learning networks •Fab Academy •Institute for network culture
What are we learning about the impact of digital technologies on Social Innovation Analysing network data:
will create learning capabilities, and absorptive capacity, exploiting the creativity of Europe, building digital literacy, skills and inclusion
A network between communities of users and DSI innovators is essential in order to both develop inno
a kind of learning tool to understand what digital social innovation concretely means •Create better visualisation with the current relational data that can be exported (see here an example of
The objective of this work package is to compile the learning of the project by distilling a set of policy rec
started the Arduino project to enable students at the Interaction Design Institute Ivrea (IDII) build all kinds of electronic contraptions using an
This is an example of how student scientists are using Arduino-based hardware to replicate scientific equip
World series of the Robocup Junior (for high school students. When Arduino cofounder Massimo Banzi was approached to make an educa
artists, and students for various projects †and to great effect. Yet other than Arduino†s broad appeal, its success can be attributed to a number of
Iterative Learning and Prototyping: Importantly, neither the Your Prior -ities nor the Better Reykjavik websites were Citizen Foundation team†s
presenting at conferences, to students and in city halls, bringing together city officials and the (coming) devel
its launch it has gathered a group of students, researchers, professionals and large-scale communities from Spain, Austria, Greece, UK, Germany
DESIS Labs are groups of professors, research -ers and students who orient their design and research activities towards
social innovation, while also attempting to grow and expand potentially useful alliances with other potential partners.
and learning from peers. A Fablab gives access to individuals to use lab facilities to make almost anything (that does not hurt anyone
Society, by Professor Neil Gershenfeld, Director of the Center for Bits & Atoms, MIT. Waag Society is a nonprofit organisation that focuses
asâ a publishing platform, a peer review system, a learning management tool, and a locus for intra-and inter-institutional collaboration
made up by a diverse demographic of students, teachers and professors professionals, makers and hackers
They purport that the peer-learning aspect could be made even strong -er through the addition of design elements in the process and on the
Technological Literacy: While Finland is networked a highly country, not everyone has the same technical capacity.
In addition large numbers of users are students, teachers and professors 161 Open Knowledge Foundation At a glance
Type of Organisation: Social enterprises, charities and foundations Aim: Participation and democracy, other Technology Trends:
-graduates applying to study Computer science. Upton has hypothesised that this drop in skills and interest was related to disappearance of open
a new generation of students to pursue computing science scholarship which would become the Rasperrypi
to positive and measurable outcomes as a learning tool for students in developing countries. However as the case of Bolgatanga in the Upper
Raspberry Pi ICT learning environment was installed at Dachio Primary and JHS Schools, which included 6 Raspberry Pi†s. These have been net
feedback from both teachers and pupils regarding this RACHEL material has been encouraging, and students can now access large amounts of
educational content with having to rely on poor and expensive Internet connectivity Furthermore, the charity†s continued success (financial and otherwise
eager students simply follow instructions to download information onto an SD card, plug it into the tiny computer
Academy†s curriculum of free learning materials. With the Pi, a 64gb SD card to put all the learning materials on (which actually costs about twice
what the Pi you†ll need to run it on does) and a Wi-fi dongle, allowing
corporations †learning web users location or tracking their browsing habits. It offers a technology that bounces Internet users†and websitesâ€
-tion, and high levels of trust built through common graduate academic programmes and preexisting professional networks such as the Interna
What are we learning about the impact of digital technologies on Social Innovation How Digital social innovation happens
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