Sweden and Ireland all face youth unemployment above 20%.%Youth need access to education, resources and structures to turn ideas into value through the provision of relevant opportunities.
and diversifying population, youth unemployment, sustainable cities and global challenges climate change, environmental degradation and poverty.
environmental protection and unemployment. Finance social innovation funds, like the new US fund (see opposite) 3 through a new partnership between the European commission and European Investment Bank (EIB) and through the EU structural funds and EU level recognition.
youth unemployment is a major issue of concern in Europe, up to 25%in many countries. Youth must become engaged in society,
the Ministry of Taxation and the Ministry of Employment, see http://www. mind-lab. dk/en/.
and energy, employment, education and reducing poverty. The strategy also includes seven flagship initiatives that form the framework in
The immediate priority is a return to growth and job creation, whilst the mid-and long-term challenges include increasing global competition, population ageing,
sustainable (efficient in the use of resources and environmentally-friendly) and inclusive (creating employment and guaranteeing social and territorial cohesion).
Europe 2020 Job creation and poverty reduction More efficient investment in researchand innovation Promoting a lowcarbon economy and competitiveindustry 1. Framework 12 Within this framework, Innovation Union, one of the seven
leading to the establishment of a competitive and sustainable model that will promote employment and social cohesion.
creating wealth and employment and providing a response to the major social challenges. 1. 1. 2. Horizon 2020 Horizon 2020,
and removing bottlenecks in key network infrastructure. 8. Promoting employment and supporting labour mobility. 9. Promoting social inclusion
Investing in education, training and vocational training for skills and lifelong learning. 11. Enhancing institutional capacity of public authorities and stakeholders and efficient public administration. 1. Framework 15 Moreover
2020 Strategy on employment, education and combating poverty. Finally, the European Agricultural Fund for Rural Development (EAFRD)) focuses on six priorities whose goals are to foster smart
and promote resource efficiency 8. To promote employment and support labour mobility 7. To promote sustainable transport
and creating employment. The strategy focuses particularly on measures that have a direct and quantifiable impact on priority areas:
employment and training, social cohesion, innovation and knowledge, entrepreneurism, internationalisation and the green economy. Within the ECAT 2020 framework and based on a shared vision of the country towards the year 2020, RIS3CAT promotes:
-R&i as a driver for the economic transformation of the production system towards a competitive and sustainable model that fosters employment and social cohesion.
and employment and to provide a response to the challenges facing society. In a context characterised by public spending restraints,
which Catalonia has competitive advantages, critical mass and future opportunities. 1. Critical mass in different sectors, measured in terms of number of companies, employment and gross added value,
4. Potential to generate new economic activity and employment, based on such factors as intensive use of labour and current growth of leading companies. 5. Global sector trends (estimates of world demand, supply, prices, Community policies, etc.)
and potential to generate employment. RIS3CAT focuses on the six crosscutting enabling technologies that are presented in Figure 12 and described in greater detail in the additional documentation.
the R&i system fosters the evolution of the economic base towards activities that generate greater added value, wealth and employment.
-Generation of new opportunities for economic activity and employment. -Efficient use of resources (green economy. There follows a description of the general characteristics of each of these tools (T)
To generate new economic and job creation opportunities. Objectives 3. Tools and Policies 35 Main stakeholders Companies, business associations, cluster organisations, universities, research centres, technology centres, foundations and institutions linked to R&d&i,
To introduce integrated vocational training generally. To increase success at school. To encourage the integration of young people into the employment market.
To improve English skills amongst the population. To help adapt university degrees to the needs of the production system.
To generate new economic and job creation opportunities in the territory. Main stakeholders Local authorities, companies, business associations, cluster organisations, universities, research centres, technology centres and other bodies in the territory.
and generate quality employment. Support for businesses and job creation are, therefore, the central pillars of the Catalan Digital Agenda,
which provides for actions in a wide range of fields. P. 1. 1. Smart Cities, Smart Regions The rapid development of the information and communication technologies makes it possible to manage cities and services for citizens in a more efficient and sustainable way
-To raise awareness about the value of business and entrepreneurship as a source for the generation of wealth and employment.
and those on vocational training programmes that include practical training at companies to set up new enterprises.
and trained ready to enter the employment market. Attracting and retaining talent within the research system
Innovation must be present in curriculums for vocational training, university degrees and MA courses related to the production sector,
therefore, to generate employment and economic recovery. Vocational training should be used the tool to professionalise people
and help them to obtain and retain employment. To this end, we need to advance towards a quality, flexible,
integrated vocational training model (in coordination with the jobs market) that provides training throughout people's working lives.
Company-university and company-vocational training centre cooperation programmes enable students to develop projects with companies
promote business innovation, build channels for knowledge transfer, foster transversal skills amongst students and improve their prospects of integration into employment.
P. 5. 2. English Learning English has become the language of global communication, and is present in all spheres (the economy, the media, the new technologies, higher studies, etc.).
Financing To introduce integrated vocational training generally. To increase success at school. To encourage the integration of young people into the employment market.
To improve English skills amongst the population. To help adapt university degrees to the needs of the production system.
and job creation Efficient use of resources Context indicators Output indicators Results and impact indicators Assets Process Impact Impact on the territory Leading sectors Emerging activities
and energy, employment, education and reducing poverty. The strategy also includes seven flagship initiatives that form the framework in
The immediate priority is a return to growth and job creation, whilst the mid-and long-term challenges include increasing global competition, population ageing,
sustainable (efficient in the use of resources and environmentally-friendly) and inclusive (creating employment and guaranteeing social and territorial cohesion).
Europe 2020 Job creation and poverty reduction More efficient investment in researchand innovation Promoting a lowcarbon economy and competitiveindustry 1. Framework 12 Within this framework, Innovation Union, one of the seven
leading to the establishment of a competitive and sustainable model that will promote employment and social cohesion.
creating wealth and employment and providing a response to the major social challenges. 1. 1. 2. Horizon 2020 Horizon 2020,
and removing bottlenecks in key network infrastructure. 8. Promoting employment and supporting labour mobility. 9. Promoting social inclusion
Investing in education, training and vocational training for skills and lifelong learning. 11. Enhancing institutional capacity of public authorities and stakeholders and efficient public administration. 1. Framework 15 Moreover
2020 Strategy on employment, education and combating poverty. Finally, the European Agricultural Fund for Rural Development (EAFRD)) focuses on six priorities whose goals are to foster smart
and promote resource efficiency 8. To promote employment and support labour mobility 7. To promote sustainable transport
and creating employment. The strategy focuses particularly on measures that have a direct and quantifiable impact on priority areas:
employment and training, social cohesion, innovation and knowledge, entrepreneurism, internationalisation and the green economy. Within the ECAT 2020 framework and based on a shared vision of the country towards the year 2020, RIS3CAT promotes:
-R&i as a driver for the economic transformation of the production system towards a competitive and sustainable model that fosters employment and social cohesion.
and employment and to provide a response to the challenges facing society. In a context characterised by public spending restraints,
which Catalonia has competitive advantages, critical mass and future opportunities. 1. Critical mass in different sectors, measured in terms of number of companies, employment and gross added value,
4. Potential to generate new economic activity and employment, based on such factors as intensive use of labour and current growth of leading companies. 5. Global sector trends (estimates of world demand, supply, prices, Community policies, etc.)
and potential to generate employment. RIS3CAT focuses on the six crosscutting enabling technologies that are presented in Figure 12 and described in greater detail in the additional documentation.
the R&i system fosters the evolution of the economic base towards activities that generate greater added value, wealth and employment.
-Generation of new opportunities for economic activity and employment. -Efficient use of resources (green economy. There follows a description of the general characteristics of each of these tools (T)
To generate new economic and job creation opportunities. Objectives 3. Tools and Policies 35 Main stakeholders Companies, business associations, cluster organisations, universities, research centres, technology centres, foundations and institutions linked to R&d&i,
To introduce integrated vocational training generally. To increase success at school. To encourage the integration of young people into the employment market.
To improve English skills amongst the population. To help adapt university degrees to the needs of the production system.
To generate new economic and job creation opportunities in the territory. Main stakeholders Local authorities, companies, business associations, cluster organisations, universities, research centres, technology centres and other bodies in the territory.
and generate quality employment. Support for businesses and job creation are, therefore, the central pillars of the Catalan Digital Agenda,
which provides for actions in a wide range of fields. P. 1. 1. Smart Cities, Smart Regions The rapid development of the information and communication technologies makes it possible to manage cities and services for citizens in a more efficient and sustainable way
-To raise awareness about the value of business and entrepreneurship as a source for the generation of wealth and employment.
and those on vocational training programmes that include practical training at companies to set up new enterprises.
and trained ready to enter the employment market. Attracting and retaining talent within the research system
Innovation must be present in curriculums for vocational training, university degrees and MA courses related to the production sector,
therefore, to generate employment and economic recovery. Vocational training should be used the tool to professionalise people
and help them to obtain and retain employment. To this end, we need to advance towards a quality, flexible,
integrated vocational training model (in coordination with the jobs market) that provides training throughout people's working lives.
Company-university and company-vocational training centre cooperation programmes enable students to develop projects with companies
promote business innovation, build channels for knowledge transfer, foster transversal skills amongst students and improve their prospects of integration into employment.
P. 5. 2. English Learning English has become the language of global communication, and is present in all spheres (the economy, the media, the new technologies, higher studies, etc.).
Financing To introduce integrated vocational training generally. To increase success at school. To encourage the integration of young people into the employment market.
To improve English skills amongst the population. To help adapt university degrees to the needs of the production system.
and job creation Efficient use of resources Context indicators Output indicators Results and impact indicators Assets Process Impact Impact on the territory Leading sectors Emerging activities
The economy is estimated to have shrunk in GNP terms by almost 18 per cent over the period 2007-2012 with significant adverse impacts on employment and incomes.
The depth of the recession is illustrated perhaps best by the rapid increase in the unemployment rate up from 4. 5 per cent in Q1 2007 to 13.6 per cent in Q2 2013 with total unemployment having almost tripled2 since 2007.
Eurostat 2 Unemployment rose from 4. 5 per cent in Q4 2007 to 12.8 per cent in Q4 2013.
which accounts for more than 70%of private employment, is constrained by high propertyrelated debt, and has faced several years of weak profitability.
and enduring job creation. After exiting the EU IMF Programme, the Government is focused on maintaining the reform momentum to achieve the goals of creating more jobs to enhance living standards
and ultimately to achieve full employment. This will in turn, create resources for the delivery of a sustainable,
Enterprise and Innovation (DJEI) and Forfás over many years4 is to grow incomes and standards of living in Ireland through competitive and sustainable enterprise, innovation, productivity and employment growth.
and innovation, delivering on an agenda of enterprise transformation to create a competitive and sustainable platform for growth and job creation.
and create employment for a range of occupations, across a number of sectors involved in services
Evidence demonstrates a positive correlation between entrepreneurship and economic performance in terms of growth, firm survival, innovation, employment creation, technological change,
In for example, the Agri food sector, focus is on the urban rural divide and retaining employment in rural areas.
and capacity and particularly areas that have the greatest potential to deliver economic return through enterprise development, employment growth and job retention in Ireland;
and fourth level qualifications in STEM disciplines for the purpose of securing employment in the knowledge economy.
export-oriented and likely to achieve significant growth in 3 years (Sales of €1m per annum and employment of 10.
The employment outlook for the sector depends critically on addressing domestic competitiveness factors and a favourable international trading environment.
The economy is estimated to have shrunk in GNP terms by almost 18 per cent over the period 2007-2012 with significant adverse impacts on employment and incomes.
The depth of the recession is illustrated perhaps best by the rapid increase in the unemployment rate up from 4. 5 per cent in Q1 2007 to 13.6 per cent in Q2 2013 with total unemployment having almost tripled2 since 2007.
Eurostat 2 Unemployment rose from 4. 5 per cent in Q4 2007 to 12.8 per cent in Q4 2013.
which accounts for more than 70%of private employment, is constrained by high propertyrelated debt, and has faced several years of weak profitability.
and enduring job creation. After exiting the EU IMF Programme, the Government is focused on maintaining the reform momentum to achieve the goals of creating more jobs to enhance living standards
and ultimately to achieve full employment. This will in turn, create resources for the delivery of a sustainable,
Enterprise and Innovation (DJEI) and Forfás over many years4 is to grow incomes and standards of living in Ireland through competitive and sustainable enterprise, innovation, productivity and employment growth.
and innovation, delivering on an agenda of enterprise transformation to create a competitive and sustainable platform for growth and job creation.
and create employment for a range of occupations, across a number of sectors involved in services
Evidence demonstrates a positive correlation between entrepreneurship and economic performance in terms of growth, firm survival, innovation, employment creation, technological change,
In for example, the Agri food sector, focus is on the urban rural divide and retaining employment in rural areas.
and capacity and particularly areas that have the greatest potential to deliver economic return through enterprise development, employment growth and job retention in Ireland;
and fourth level qualifications in STEM disciplines for the purpose of securing employment in the knowledge economy.
export-oriented and likely to achieve significant growth in 3 years (Sales of €1m per annum and employment of 10.
The employment outlook for the sector depends critically on addressing domestic competitiveness factors and a favourable international trading environment.
internal (islands) and external Significant labour force with a low educational level High unemployment Unbalanced productive structure and consequent inertia Extra-costs for essential infraestructuresand services (eg.
inclusive growth, fostering a high employment economy delivering economic, social and territorial cohesion. Investing more in research,
The benefits of bringing in an external view to address sensitive issues such as redundancies and overlaps,
quantitative analyses calculate degrees of specialisation of regional economies on the basis of employment (or value-added) data.
i) a project launch event such as a high profile seminar or conference (ii) a series of presentations throughout the region to key sectors, especially to the business community and the higher and vocational training institutions (iii) publicity
growth of employment in knowledge-intensive sectors, R&d expenditure per worker, etc. 1) Indicators should be selected to reflect the programme's objectives
Universities can also play an important role in the field of vocational training. Barriers and challenges Improving the contribution of universities to regional growth by implementing such mechanisms requires the interconnection of the partners in the innovation systems.'
Knowledge transfer and information actions for the provision of vocational training and skills acquisition actions, demonstration activities and information actions.
KETS are knowledge-intensive and associated with high R&d intensity, rapid innovation cycles, high capital expenditure and highly-skilled employment.
capable of generating economic growth and employment and strengthening the competitiveness of the EU economy. They bear enormous market potential.
Develop partnerships between national and regional authorities in charge of different public policies such as economic development, employment, higher education and culture.
DG Employment, Social affairs and Inclusion will also directly fund social experimentation projects through PROGRESS and the Programme for Social Change and Innovation to reform social policy.
Co-initiators of the SBI are DG Enterprise and DG Employment, Social affairs and Inclusion. Early December, the Commission proposed the Regulation on European Social Entrepreneurship Funds. 169 DG Enterprise has mobilised CIP funds for social innovation.
but also with regard to other relevant policies such as education, employment and rural development policies? Does it assess/take into account the existing level of policy coordination within the region?
Economic activity (Participation) and Unemployment by Level of Educational Attainment-West Region (2009)..23 Figure 9:
Unemployment rates (ages 15 and over) and growth rates of employment (ages 15-64), 2000-2011.19 4 Table 3:
Second, economic activity is concentrated in a handful of sectors that represent about half the region's turnover and employment
and sharp drops in per capita gross domestic product (GDP) and employment during a 1 http://ec. europa. eu/research/innovation-union/index en. cf 6 crisis. Third,
employment, education, research and innovation, social inclusion and poverty reduction, and climate/energy. Each EU country has adopted its own national targets in each of these areas.
and R&d bodies take the necessary measures to surpass the national targets, at least those related to employment,
The national Europe 2020 targets Employment rate(%)R&d(%of GDP) Emissions reduction (compared to 2005)(%Renewable Energy(%)Energy efficiency reduction(%)Early school leaving(%)Tertiary education(%)Reduction
8. promoting employment and supporting labor mobility; 9 In order to promote the harmonious, balanced and sustainable development of the Union,
1. Improving human capital through higher employment, and better social inclusion and education policies, 2. Developing modern infrastructure for growth and jobs, 3. Promoting economic competitiveness and local development,
Employment (in 1000 persons) by NUTS 3 regions (nama r e3empl95; Gross value added at basic pricesby NUTS 3 regions (nama r e3vabp95) 34.
but actually coincided with significant declines in overall regional employment. But it does not help explain how falling employment levels could coincide with a very tight regional labor market.
Unemployment rates (ages 15 and over) and growth rates of employment (ages 15-64), 2000-2011 Unemployment rate Employment Growth (CAGR) 2000 2007 2011 2000-07 2007
Employment by sex, age and NUTS 2 regions (1 000) lfst r lfe2emp 20 35. In addition, demographic and migration trends also help to understand falling employment levels despite increases in productivity and low rates of unemployment.
As is the case in Romania as a whole, the population of the West Region has been in decline for more than a decade.
Economic activity (Participation) and Unemployment by Level of Educational Attainment-West Region (2009) Source: Calculations based on data from INS:
Activity, employment and ILO unemployment rates, at territorial level, by educational level, by sex and area, in 2009;
Gazelles, firms with at least a 25%turnover growth for 3 or more years, are of particular interest both because of their contribution to employment and as an additional indicator of entrepreneurship.
Specialization defined as the sectors with the highest location quotient for employment relative to the national context. 53.
and 55%of employment in 2010 and the concentration of the West Region economic activity around them has increased between 2008 and 2010.26 25 Sectors are defined as 2-digit groups according to the NACE Rev 2 classification. 26 Drawing on the World bank
Main Economic Sectors in the West Region(%total) Turnover Employment Nace 2-digit sector 2008 2010 2008 2010 Manufacture of motor vehicles, trailers and semitrailers
The auto industry is by far the biggest employer in the region among manufacturing sectors with an importance in terms of total employment that is similar (17%)to the combined share (16.8%)of employment represented by all the other manufacturing sectors
although transportation and construction are also relatively important in terms of employment (4. 1%and 3. 7%respectively).
First, observations for which information on employment, stock of fixed assets, material costs or value added are missing
This has contributed not only to significant investment and job creation, but has played an important role in integrating the West Region ever more tightly into the European economy. 66.
But more importantly these firms dominate the landscape, accounting for 90 percent or more of value added, employment,
firms with foreign ownership account for almost one quarter of all businesses in the West, around half of output and employment,
and the potential to gain employment experience and opportunities abroad. 73. It is worth stressing
over and above the employment they create. This comes from the spillover of knowledge and technology into the regional economy.
employment growth and value added growth) are examined for each of the top 10 sectors. The 35 In this assessment
and simultaneously show a positive performance for at least two of the remaining outcome variables under analysis (employment,
This will require investments to improve the links between universities (as well as vocational training facilities) and employers.
The result is high levels of structural unemployment (and low participation rates) and skills mismatches at all levels of the labor force.
and that they are successful in finding employment. Skills (3: Entrepreneurial and business management skills 95.
update and modernize the curricula for theoretical education, vocational training and lifelong learning in order to answer to the demands of the business sector in the region.
Second is by extending the scope and strengthening the role of the Regional Pact for Employment and Social Inclusion.
and processes that will lead to job creation and increased exports. Enterprise Ireland is a body corporate established by the Industrial Development (Enterprise Ireland) Act
lower food processing costs and help to provide more robust employment in rural areas. 121. Public policy should also strengthen basic and applied research.
and has the potential to maximize output and employment growth. 146. Small and medium sized enterprises in the West Region need support to become competitive.
Vocational training also needs to be expanded significantly and upgraded in order to supply a sufficient number of qualified technicians (specialized labor).
i) contribute to the EU 2020 strategy by increasing the level of employment;(ii) support access to international markets;
universities or vocational training centers) in order to identify and promote those projects that fit with the needs of the local economic actors. 180.
and vocational training to the demands of the labor market, increasing the relevance of the educational and vocational training offer by anticipating private sector requirements,
and ensuring the applicability of the learning material, are key role for the economic development of the region.
i) developing onthe-job training through apprenticeship schemes, internships, and scholarship programs that aim to develop specific competences and skills by providing on-the-job training;
and, ii) strengthening the capacity of vocational training providers to deliver attractive and high-quality education and training programs in correlation with labour market demands, especially for sectors with significant growth potential,
The specific objective of this investment priority is the rehabilitation, modernization, development and expansion of pre university, university education and continuous vocational training infrastructure. 182.
Soft Measures such as educational and vocational training programs have to be sustained properly by the educational infrastructure
and proper endowment of schools and vocational training centers to ensure a high-quality teaching process, using appropriate pedagogical and technical resources.
and innovation process Contribute to EU 2020 strategy by increasing the investments in research and development Contribute to EU 2020 strategy by increasing the level of employment Supporting access to international markets Promoting the diversification of activities with modern technologies National,
education and continuous vocational training infrastructure National, local and EU funds, West Regional Operational Programme 83 187.
and equipping of pre university, university education and vocational training infrastructure List of preselected projects identified in the Regional Development Plan Service capacity of supported education infrastructure 86 Investment
Third, economic activity in the region is concentrated in a handful of sectors that represent about half of the region's turnover and employment
increase energy efficiency and the use of the renewable energy in the West Region (priority Axis 2and increasing the level of employment and education, by improving skills and competences required in labor market (priority Axis
growth, innovation, research and development, as well employment. This regional fund could support public-private infrastructure investments and guide the available funding towards innovative projects.
and organizing vocational training in order to ensure an adequate labor force for private sector growth. Some regeneration plans have been prepared
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