Examples include funding a range of parallel projects to test out innovations with job security, so that individuals can be transferred from failures to successes. 398) Accreditation, search and recruitment of public innovators by commercial headhunters or government agencies.
and the job security they enjoy with their existing large firms. The European commission has been concerned sufficiently by this issue to launch a number of initiatives in an attempt to boost entrepreneurship.
and by the need to ensure economic development, greater competitiveness, job creation and high quality security of supply (both short and long term) in the EU. Advanced electricity service and solution providers:
The Lisbon Strategy, a major priority of the European union, outlined the intention to boost competitiveness, job creation, social cohesion and environmental sustainability throughout the continent.
Immigration, Jobs and Employment protection: Evidence from Europe, National Bureau of Economic Research, NBER Working Paper No. 17139.
Pathways towards full employment, Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European union: European commission, Directorate-General for Research and Innovation, 2012c.
Job creation and inclusive growth, Mckinsey Global Institute, 2012. Finkelstein, E. A o. A. Khavjou, H. Thompson, J. G. Trogdon, L. Pan, B. Sherry,
putting at risk its outlook for productivity, growth, human capital development and job creation. This report, part of the World Economic Forum's Fostering Innovation-driven Entrepreneurship in Europe project, examines
engaging in entrepreneurial activities is less attractive in terms of job security (64), %financial benefits (29%)and long-term career prospects (26%).
and on job creation in organizations featuring programme participants. 17 This is strongly reinforced by the Forum's survey,
and entrepreneurship is the driving force behind employment and job creation in Portugal. A recent success in fostering entrepreneurship:
OECD. OECD, 1998, Technology, Productivity and Job creation: Best Policy Practices, Paris: OECD. OECD, 1998, Main Science and Technology Indicators, Paris:
the contribution of SMES to job creation and value added constitute a large share of both EU and Romanian economy.
and job creation by SMES issues generated an interest in the study of entrepreneurship (Wennekers & Thurik, 1999).
As Wennekers and Thurik stated possibilities for economic growth, job creation and innovation can come from SMES (Wennekers & Thurik,
Work across the silos of business and employment agencies by connecting business incentives with job creation in strategic sectors.
and generating policies that enable better forms of sustainable job creation. Methodology This report provides advice from an international perspective on how to strengthen SME and entrepreneurship policies in Andalusia.
with particular focus on the role of education and labour policy in regional innovation. We first examine debates about human capital generally
despite having responsibility for employment policies, skills training for unemployed and employed workers (Formacíon Profesional por el Empleo FPL),
Initially conceived as an employment policy it is managed now by the Regional Ministry of Employment in coordination with the Ministry of Education.
The university system is committed to support labour policy, technology, and entrepreneurship. While most effort of the regional government to promote entrepreneurship
Connect business incentives with job creation Work across the silos of business and employment agencies by connecting business incentives with job creation in strategic sectors.
RETA might help the regional government identify examples of programs from other countries (such as the East Bay Green Corridor Partnership described below) that link incentives to job creation,
The new market demand for energy efficiency will foster job creation in different ways. First, initial energy audits
At the level of local, regional, national and supernational economies, the EC highlights the importance of entrepreneurship in terms of its contribution to job creation and growth
There is a relationship between the entrepreneurial spirit and economic results in terms of growth, consolidation of the business framework, innovation, job creation, technological changes and increase in productivity.
which require employees to have completed a year of full employment before qualify. Many under-25s are unable to demonstrate 12 months‘worth of unbroken employment (The Leader, Andalusia Suffering Most from Unemployment
and other limitations, there is a need for broader support to entrepreneurship and job creation. Institutions and policies for entrepreneurship Prior to assessing the challenges
job creation schemes and self employment schemes targeting the registered unemployed. The policy has been successful in terms of uptake:
However, incubators are not a panacea for entrepreneurship and job creation. The experience of incubators in the EU has been mixed.
which incubators contribute to high-growth firms or the employment impact in terms of job creation), this suggests the necessity for an evaluation of the Andalusia incubator practice so far.
SME DEVELOPMENT IN ANDALUSIA Introduction SME development and growth is critical to fostering entrepreneurship, job creation and economic development in Andalusia as a result of the dominance of SMES in the regional economy.
Work across the silos of business and employment agencies by connecting business incentives with job creation in strategic sectors.
2003), an OECD report describing the construction of summary indicators from a large OECD database of economic and administrative product market regulations and employment protection legislation.
Nicoletti G.,S. Scarpetta and O. Boylaud,(2000), Summary indicators of product market regulation with an extension to employment protection legislation, Economics department working papers NO. 226, ECO/WKP (99
Its ultimate goals are economic growth, job creation, and acquisition of international skills. Each innovation system performs differently in achieving its supposed aims.
Almost a third of the new work permits issued in the region in 2010 were for personal service staff (domestic staff, caring,
health and childcare) and further scrutiny may be required of new applications for work permits for such personal service vacancies.)
Waterford City and the wider South East region face a particular challenge in terms of job creation in the present climate, with an above average unemployment rate,
and skills of all entrepreneurs through their participation in a variety of projects that are focused all on job creation and business growth.
Completing the Atlantic corridor from Galway to Waterford (including the N25) remains an important medium-term priority for the development agencies to support sustained economic growth and job creation.
European globalisation adjustment fund 2009 2011 A number of former Waterford Crystal employees were funded under the EGF and enrolled in WIT across a range of disciplines including social studies, visual art, electronic engineering, horticulture, recreation, arts and sports management.
Work permits issued in the South East43 The number of new employment permits issued in recent times is indicator of the demand for labour that could not be met from domestic or EEA sources.
There were just under 300 new work permits issued in the South East region in 2010. Most of the permits were issued to workers in the personal services occupations, agriculture related occupation, sales and healthcare.
given the level of unemployment in the region, as to the basis for the issuing of new work permits in these areas.
Almost a third of the new work permits issued in the region in 2010 were for personal service staff (domestic staff, caring,
health and childcare) and further scrutiny may be required of new applications for work permits for such personal service vacancies.
Number of New Work permits Issued in the South East, 2004-2010 Source: Department of Enterprise, Jobs and Innovation.
According to table A16 overleaf, there were just under 300 new work permits issued in the South East region in 2010.
SOUTH EAST EMPLOYMENT ACTION PLAN FORFÁS Table A16 Number of New Work permits Issued by Occupation and County in the South East, 2010 Occupational Category Carlow Kilkenny
On a less positive note and despite some efforts, Germany's labor market remains rigid (119th for the labor market flexibility subpillar), where a lack of flexibility in wage determination and the high cost of firing hinder job creation, particularly during business cycle downturns.
These growth rates are not sufficient to create the employment necessary to absorb the about 60,000 new entrants into the Jordanian labor market every year. 4 Boosting growth over the longer term to levels that would result in sustainable job creation will require Jordan's policymakers to address a number
reducing the incentive for job creation in the country. Rwanda moves up by seven places this year to 63rd position, continuing to place third in the sub-Saharan African region.
and strategic focus promises significant impact on economic growth and job creation, and has the potential to act as a catalyst by contributing to and/or leveraging other activities supported,
boosting growth and job creation. At the same time, research and innovation help make people's lives better by improving things like healthcare, transport and digital services.
Europe's future economic growth and job creation must come from innovation in products, services and business models.
and holds significant potential for job creation. Water is fundamental to human health food security, sustainable development and the environment.
this represents a major opportunity to boost competitiveness and job creation in European economies. What is EU Research
To begin with, waste and water have been selected as particular priorities, on the grounds of their substantial potential for business opportunities and job creation while tackling important resource efficiency challenges.
Individual Policies for attracting high skilled Labour policies for upgrading skills R&d policies, policies for upgrading skills Attitude towards (new) technologies Professional skills
and online services to boost job creation, promote economic prosperity and improve the daily lives of all Europeans.
The development and widespread adoption of ehealth technologies can also contribute to job creation including in new emerging professions,
Stimulate direct job creation and business opportunities: Provide a stimulus to the 70,000 person, €20bn ICT industry by protecting
This is just the start because job creation, growth and competitiveness need constant attention. The guiding principle of the Government's Industry Innovation and Competitiveness Agenda is to focus on Australia's strengths,
Entrepreneurship and a flourishing start-up community promote job creation and productivity growth. These types of businesses benefit the broader economy by testing new ideas,
The Government, in consultation with industry, will establish Industry Growth Centres at a cost of $188. 5 million over four years to drive growth and job creation, initially for five promising industries.
Job creation in market and non market industries since the global financial crisis*'Non-market'comprises Public Administration and Safety, Education and Training,
Ambition 4 69 Austrade provide reliable information about markets, technology and business models to small and medium enterprises, accelerating industry growth and job creation.
Improve taxation arrangements for Employee Share Schemes Job creation and productivity growth don't just happen in a vacuum,
The Role of Entrepreneurship in US Job creation and Economic Dynamism. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 3-24.
Furthermore, some employees in the R&d units at the headquarters tend to see the new location as a potential threat to their job security leading to resentments, antagonism and even non-cooperation,
and strategic focus promises significant impact on economic growth and job creation, and has the potential to act as a catalyst by contributing to and/or leveraging other activities supported,
OECD. OECD, 1998, Technology, Productivity and Job creation: Best Policy Practices, Paris: OECD. OECD, 1998, Main Science and Technology Indicators, Paris:
They are a major source of job creation (Storey et al. 1987, Castrogiovanni 1996, Clark III and Moutray 2004) and they represent the seeds for future large companies and corporations (Castrogiovanni 1996, Monk 2000).
and to achieving the Europe 2020 objectives of new growth and job creation. Procurement of Innovation Platform The Procurement of Innovation Platform19 is an online hub developed by ICLEI (an association of over 1200 local governments) to help public authorities with Public Procurement of Innovation (PPI) and Public
industry settlement, job creation, investment, patents, and new products, visibility on the national and international level.
covering the impacts of Clusters and Technopoles on value added, job creation, transformation of economic structure etc.;
, NO 11 empowerment, job creation, and employment within disadvantaged communities (Daves 2001). SMES have a valid claim to heightened relevance,
Job creation Effects of R&d Expenditures: Are High-tech Sectors the Key? IPTS WORKING PAPER on CORPORATE R&d AND INNOVATION-No. 10/2011 December 2011 http://iri. jrc. es/papers/WP%2010-2011. pdf Einiö
The aim of the European Social Fund (ESF) is to facilitate the balanced economic and social development with the support of those policies of the member states that aim at achieving full employment,
starting knowledge-intensive enterprise which can produce fast growth small with a small investment in capital or Labour policy:
This explains the overriding focus in Europe on job creation and the concern that productivity growth will conflict with job growth.
as the top priority. 156 As long as European policymakers continue to place job creation above productivity it will be difficult to close the productivity gap with the United states. To be clear, in the aftermath of the Great Recession and the relatively anemic job growth in Europe (and the United states),
job creation is important. But productivity growth is just as important, and will become even relatively more important as the years go on.
Murat Seker, Rigidities in Employment protection and Exporting, World Development 40, no. 2 (2012): 238 50.181.
which provides both job security and mobility of the skilled workforce, to assure investors that the right skills are easily available.
which provides both job security and mobility of the skilled workforce, to assure investors that the right skills are easily available,
job creation and inclusive growth The Commission will present a set of policy recommendations throughout 2011,
& Targets set out in the National Reform Programme 16 2. 2. 2 National Action Plan for Jobs The irish Government Strategy for Job creation and the
job creation and profitability in a company. 26 3. 5. 3 High Potential Start ups High Potential Start-ups (HPSUS) are start-up businesses developing an innovative product
High potential start-ups are major contributors to job creation and economic prosperity. HPSU activity in the Midwest Region has been low in recent years.
which in turn will lead to job creation. Funding has been provided to establish industry-led technology centres. The centres are a joint initiative between Enterprise Ireland and IDA Ireland
Survival Job creation Salary levels Tax+23%+35%+19%+34%Figure 5. 3 Survey of new firms locating in clusters in Sweden (Source:
and ICT applications to GDP growth and job creation. 39 ICTS also provide increased access to education, government and health services,
and hunger) Increase GDP growth and job creation Locate and track outbreaks of disease and famine Provide more accurate weather information that helps to increase agricultural production Delivery of real-time market information/sales prices for farmers MDG2 (Achieve universal primary education) Improve access to education through mobile technologies/remote
and overcome national challenges (such as rising health care costs, job creation, natural disasters and nationals security). At the European level, the improvement of the analytics and data processing, especially Big data, will allow to:
such measures, including local secondary legislation may indirectly affect the freedom to provide services and justify Union intervention.
Single European Market6 Growth and job creation cannot be achieved without a stronger deeper and expanded single market.
because it includes telecoms) has accounted for 25%of net job creation and growth 19 Forrester consulting, May 2009, Study on"A Single Market for Information Society".
However, requiring a local presence for the registration of a TLD could be a restriction to the freedom to provide services (Art. 56 TFEU)
The Court held that national legislation protecting sporting events is capable of justifying a restriction to the free movement of services (Article 56 TFEU.
Provisions on freedom to provide services impose obligations on the Member States but do not prohibit market players,
and job creation. Ms. Fia Gulliksson (a chef and restaurant owner) saw the benefits of developing Ostersund as a city of gastronomy Execution In 1996,
or more within five years and are a primary source of job creation. 18 O P E N I N N O V A t I O N y E A r B o
Greater economic policy coordination (1) across the EU will help Member States to address these problems and boost growth and job creation in the future.
and (c) inclusive, with a strong emphasis on job creation and poverty reduction. Based on these three mutually reinforcing priorities,
Finally the platform infrastructure is offered as a stable infrastructure for large-scale trials and as an enabler to SMES for growth and job creation.
and employment protection and incentives for worker training (3) . In addition to provide liquidity to the market, the government launched its major fiscal stimulus package of US$4 billion (2. 8%of its GDP and 14%of planned current fiscal expenditures),
job protection and job-training stimulus. Fiscal policy was at the core of the Chilean government response to the crisis,
AND CONCLUSION SMES play an increasingly important role in innovation and job creation, but are nevertheless left out of the research on open innovation,
and private funding for growth and job creation and will reduce regional disparities in Hungary. Investments will focus on enhancing innovation activity
In recent years, research has substantiated widely the importance of high-growth new companies for job creation. The number and share of high-growth enterprises is small,
Is it more efficient (in terms of economic growth and job creation) to support all SMES"a little bit, "or to concentrate efforts on those with the highest growth potential?(
The importance of high-growth new companies for job creation has in recent years been substantiated widely by economic research.
The study found that the top 1%of all companies ranked by the level of revenue (job creation contributes 44%(40%)of total sector revenue (job creation. 39 It is
but reduce the related economic and social cost Links to other policy domains Industrial policy, social policy, labour policy Industrial policy, innovation policy, labour policy Source:
Is it more efficient (in terms of economic growth and job creation) to support all SMES"a little bit, "or to concentrate efforts on those with the highest growth potential?
In recent years, research has substantiated widely the importance of high-growth new companies for job creation. The number and share of high-growth enterprises is small,
Is it more efficient (in terms of economic growth and job creation) to support all SMES"a little bit, "or to concentrate efforts on those with the highest growth potential?(
The importance of high-growth new companies for job creation has in recent years been substantiated widely by economic research.
The study found that the top 1%of all companies ranked by the level of revenue (job creation contributes 44%(40%)of total sector revenue (job creation. 39 It is
but reduce the related economic and social cost Links to other policy domains Industrial policy, social policy, labour policy Industrial policy, innovation policy, labour policy Source:
Is it more efficient (in terms of economic growth and job creation) to support all SMES"a little bit, "or to concentrate efforts on those with the highest growth potential?
1) The Digital Agenda for Europe seeks to optimise the benefits of information technologies for economic growth, job creation and the quality of life of European citizens,
Job creation needs to focus on the advanced sectors, the public sector, health and education, retail, tourism, green energy and e-business.
The immediate priority is a return to growth and job creation, whilst the mid-and long-term challenges include increasing global competition, population ageing,
Europe 2020 Job creation and poverty reduction More efficient investment in researchand innovation Promoting a lowcarbon economy and competitiveindustry 1. Framework 12 Within this framework, Innovation Union, one of the seven
To generate new economic and job creation opportunities. Objectives 3. Tools and Policies 35 Main stakeholders Companies, business associations, cluster organisations, universities, research centres, technology centres, foundations and institutions linked to R&d&i,
To generate new economic and job creation opportunities in the territory. Main stakeholders Local authorities, companies, business associations, cluster organisations, universities, research centres, technology centres and other bodies in the territory.
Support for businesses and job creation are, therefore, the central pillars of the Catalan Digital Agenda,
foster transversal skills amongst students and improve their prospects of integration into employment. P. 5. 2. English Learning English has become the language of global communication,
and job creation Efficient use of resources Context indicators Output indicators Results and impact indicators Assets Process Impact Impact on the territory Leading sectors Emerging activities
The immediate priority is a return to growth and job creation, whilst the mid-and long-term challenges include increasing global competition, population ageing,
Europe 2020 Job creation and poverty reduction More efficient investment in researchand innovation Promoting a lowcarbon economy and competitiveindustry 1. Framework 12 Within this framework, Innovation Union, one of the seven
To generate new economic and job creation opportunities. Objectives 3. Tools and Policies 35 Main stakeholders Companies, business associations, cluster organisations, universities, research centres, technology centres, foundations and institutions linked to R&d&i,
To generate new economic and job creation opportunities in the territory. Main stakeholders Local authorities, companies, business associations, cluster organisations, universities, research centres, technology centres and other bodies in the territory.
Support for businesses and job creation are, therefore, the central pillars of the Catalan Digital Agenda,
foster transversal skills amongst students and improve their prospects of integration into employment. P. 5. 2. English Learning English has become the language of global communication,
and job creation Efficient use of resources Context indicators Output indicators Results and impact indicators Assets Process Impact Impact on the territory Leading sectors Emerging activities
and enduring job creation. After exiting the EU IMF Programme, the Government is focused on maintaining the reform momentum to achieve the goals of creating more jobs to enhance living standards
and ultimately to achieve full employment. This will in turn, create resources for the delivery of a sustainable,
and innovation, delivering on an agenda of enterprise transformation to create a competitive and sustainable platform for growth and job creation.
and enduring job creation. After exiting the EU IMF Programme, the Government is focused on maintaining the reform momentum to achieve the goals of creating more jobs to enhance living standards
and ultimately to achieve full employment. This will in turn, create resources for the delivery of a sustainable,
and innovation, delivering on an agenda of enterprise transformation to create a competitive and sustainable platform for growth and job creation.
This has contributed not only to significant investment and job creation, but has played an important role in integrating the West Region ever more tightly into the European economy. 66.
and processes that will lead to job creation and increased exports. Enterprise Ireland is a body corporate established by the Industrial Development (Enterprise Ireland) Act
job creation from new firm start-up and SME growth and productivity improvements from increased new and small firm innovation.
Many empirical studies have shown the aggregate relationships between entrepreneurship and SME activity and economic growth and job creation.
These growth and job creation effects happen through innovation as new firm creation and SME growth increase productivity and bring new
) There is also an important link between new and small firm activity and job creation, as new and small firms take up labour released by downsizing elsewhere in the economy and increase national and local competitiveness (Neumark et al.,
Stangler and Litan (2009) for example show that from 1980-2005 nearly all net job creation in the United states occurred in firms less than five years old,
This job creation function of entrepreneurship and SME development is of great relevance to the recovery from the global financial
and services and increasing efficiency but also for meeting the job creation challenge of high unemployment. In the short to medium term there is a real opportunity for governments to use policies for entrepreneurship
and SME innovation to meet productivity and job creation objectives at the same time. There is growing, if still insufficient
and grow so that recent job destruction is balanced by job creation in the short to medium term.
Daviddson, P.,L. Lindmark and C. Olofsson (1999), SMES and Job creation during a Recession and Recovery, in Z. Acs, B. Carlsson and C. Karlsson (eds.
Job creation by Firm Age, Small Business Policy Branch, Industry Canada, Ottawa. Haltiwanger, J. 1999), Job creation and Destruction by Employer Size and Age:
Cyclical Dynamics, in Z. Acs, B. Carlsson and C. Karlsson (eds. Entrepreneurship, Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises and the Macroeconomy, Cambridge university Press, Cambridge.
The programme also received an additional CAN 45 million for the financial year 2009-10 as part of the Economic Action Plan's specific effort to stimulate job creation and the economy in Southern Ontario.
incentive tools for local consumption (credit card and social currency) and new ways of commercialisation (fairs, solidarity shops/stores) promoting local job creation and income generation.
which aims to support the modernisation of institutions and job creation through the annual inclusion of 1 000 qualified young people in social economy institutions.
and training and integration into employment of persons excluded from the labour market. Social entrepreneur A person who recognises a social problem
In fact, investments in high speed rail have been estimated to have potential to add 2 to 3%to countries'GDP growth through wealth and job creation.
and smartphone applications has the highest potential in terms of job creation. Filling the gaps Moreover, the ICT sector will be in a desperate need for skilled workers, according to experts.
if Europe is to fight against unemployment and remain competitive at a global level, experts warn. As researchers from the Belgian university KUL stressed in a study recently,
Mobilising to Support Job creation and Upskilling of the Workforce in Athens, Greece. Sirros said that due to the crisis,
job creation and loss, profit and loss of companies, and, ultimately, prospects for economic growth, national security and the quality of life.
the so-called gazelles that believed to be responsible for the bulk of new job creation, technology progress, and economic growth.
Long term economic difficulties are focused attention on the importance of innovation and technological progress for business competitiveness, sustainable growth and job creation.
which further economic development and job creation can be built. Advancement in science is crucial to the improvement of our quality of life as this includes matters of direct concern to Europeans such as health, air and water quality.
job creation, 30 REPORT ON JOINT EUA-REGIO/JRC SMART SPECIALISATION PLATFORM EXPERT WORKSHOP: THE ROLE OF UNIVERSITIES IN SMART SPECIALISATION STRATEGIES enhanced productivity, enhanced revenue generation and increased competitiveness.
Put simply, job creation and tackling social challenges must go hand in hand for sustainable economic growth in Europe.
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