| E-training (5) |  |
| Vocational training (125) | |
| E-training (5) | |
| Vocational training (125) | |
DEVELOPMENT OF HUMAN RESOURCES Participation in the development and implementation of vocational training or study courses together with external partners such as universities Training courses for cluster members Recruitment of staff on behalf of cluster members
They may be imparted through school education, universities and vocational training colleges. Training in SMES is also very dependent on relationships with the public sector
Number of vocational trainings finished; lifelong learning; examples of spreading knowledge outside the scientific community. Time-frame:
and implementation of an advanced educational model aimed at generating an innovative, inclusive and quality vocational training model, one that offers lifelong,
-Making vocational training more flexible in order to adapt the professional skills taught to current and future needs of the production system,
-Substantially increasing the number of young people taking vocational training courses, and-Increasing personalised career guidance services.
and to establish a model for economic growth that is more balanced than previous models. 6. 1. 4. Matching vocational training to labour market requirements Serious imbalances exist between supply
and demand in the Catalan labour market, especially as regards vocational training. Vocational training should be a tool for professionalising people
and helping them to find and retain jobs, and provisions need to be brought more in line with the actual needs of production.
The Government promotes an integrated vocational training system with the following objectives: to provide a single vocational training service that is adapted to the needs of the labour market;
to develop a model for dual vocational training in cooperation with companies and production industries; to introduce a model for the recognition of work experience
and to accredit professional skills; and to establish integrated career information and guidance services. 6. 1. 5. Raising rates of school success In order to reduce the high school dropout rate in Catalonia,
personalised careers guidance for unemployed people 1. 2. Helping young people to gain access to the labour market 1. 3 Promoting new niches of employment 1. 4. Matching vocational training to labour market
and detecting growth opportunities Catalonia 2020 Strategy 34 and vocational training), throughout society and in public opinion in order to foster entrepreneurship,
and vocational training centres. With the advance of new learning models described above, youth are taking learning to places like technology hubs, co-working spaces,
Labour force by qualifications (in 000s), EU27+,"European Centre for the Development of Vocational training (Cedefop) website, 2012b.
Attendance of vocational training is on the rise In Andalusia a total of nearly 95 000 students attend vocational training,
The II Andalusia Plan for Vocational training, currently being prepared by the Ministry of Education, seeks to adapt vocational training to the new economy and new demand of jobs and occupations.
This will involve expanding online training; cooperating more closely with businesses, unions and others through advisory councils;
Vocational training has been very successful in the last decade in placing students in a job. That has resulted in an increased number of students during the 1990s
whereas vocational training has followed an opposite trend (from 4. 1%in 1998 to 5%in 2009).
At the same time, as discussed further below, the last decade has seen students increasingly selecting traditional vocational training rather than university education (Junta de Andalucía, 2009.
with vocational training and non-university education remaining in the Ministry of Education. The idea was to use universities as innovation
Vocational training and apprenticeship programs The different systems of vocational training in Andalusia are as follows: 5 Erasmus is the EU flagship higher education program enabling 200 000 European students to study in a university from another member country each year.
Vocational training (Formación Profesional or FP) serves young people as a professional alternative to the Baccalaureate and university education.
Vocational training for employment (Formación Profesional para el Empleo or FPE) serves either dislocated or incumbent workers.
the government has created a new institution to regulate vocational training in the region: the Andalusia Institute for Occupational Qualifications (Instituto Andaluz de Cualificaciones Profesionales.
The Institute will be in charge of integrating the different vocational training systems (FP and FPE) based on a common system of occupational qualifications in collaboration with the national government and unions.
In Andalusia, a total of 94 710 students attend vocational training less than half the number that attend the public universities.
The II Andalusia Plan for Vocational training, currently being prepared by the Ministry of Education, seeks to adapt vocational training to the new economy and new demand of jobs and occupations.
This will involve expanding online training; cooperating more closely with businesses, unions and others through advisory councils;
Vocational training has been very successful in the last decade in placing students in a job. That has resulted in an increased number of students during the 1990s
and CCCO) offer vocational training and apprenticeships both autonomously and in coordination with the Regional Ministry of Employment.
The II Andalusia Plan for Vocational training will address several gaps in the system that can help link vocational training better to innovation and entrepreneurship for instance
but it also targets students (in high school, vocational training schools and universities) and women. ANDALUCIA EMPRENDE has more than 200 business incubators (Centros de Apoyo al Desarrollo Empresarial,
and vocational training schools, teaching students how to create and manage cooperative firms. For the highest level of vocational training students, ANDALUCIA EMPRENDE offers a business plan competition in
which the winners spend three days training in the business incubators. In collaboration with EXTENDA, they offer four training programs:
which promotes entrepreneurship in vocational training schools and secondary schools. Their training is based on improving the skills of employed people (in collaboration with the Ministry of Education)
1) a program to promote business education at vocational training centres; and 2) a university program promoting entrepreneurship,
regional actors seem to have missed the more modest but important contribution of vocational training and education.
Innovation and Science, there is only one vocational training diploma in Andalusia included under the Energy and Water professional family.
as well as the depth of the region‘s economic problems, it is unfortunate that this separation of agencies may hinder strategic coordination, for instance of vocational training and industry clusters.
The preparation of the II Andalusian Plan for Vocational training, which will link training better to the new economy,
In particular it can play a pivotal role by helping to link vocational training to the many other efforts.
and the upgrading of the sector s knowledge base more generally, for example through support for vocational training programmes.
More lower-level innovation support is also with regard to basic vocational training and technical support in areas such as product development, process innovation and marketing.
) Local tacit knowledge is reproduced also through a high level of commitment among firms to vocational training and apprenticeships;
the Danish labour market model often referred to as=Flexicurity‘also provides generous provision for vocational training and retraining both for those in work and the unemployed.
But this needs to be matched by the self financing of institutions that can support tacit knowledge production, in particular with regard to greater levels of vocational training, information gathering and more practical forms of business support.
The involvement of the regional ministry of education should also be sought as the main government body responsible for vocational training in the region.
yet there is only one vocational training diploma in Andalusia included under the Energy and Water professional family.
and developing and improving access to vocational training. 86 As a result of the implementation of the new Walloon industrial policy, there is now a specific promotion of investment package for attracting new firms to the Plastiwin cluster.
i) a project launch event such as a high profile seminar or conference (ii) a series of presentations throughout the region to key sectors, especially to the business community and the higher and vocational training institutions (iii) publicity
Universities can also play an important role in the field of vocational training. Barriers and challenges Improving the contribution of universities to regional growth by implementing such mechanisms requires the interconnection of the partners in the innovation systems.'
81 Knowledge transfer and information actions for the provision of vocational training and skills acquisition actions, demonstration activities and information actions.
, universities and other research organizations, vocational training institutions, technology centres and transfer agencies) and the structure of the regional economy (dominant industries, availability of service firms and adequate suppliers, organizations providing innovation finance).
'the Vocational training Centre (Berufliches Bildungszentrum Tuttlingen BBT) provides qualification in surgical instrument making, and there exists a Competence Centre for minimal invasive medicine (MITT).
universities Existence of education and vocational training institutions Special R&d support and education, instruments for research transfer Existence of technical culture Common values such as trust and reciprocity
educational and vocational training institutions on meso level and specific R&d support and education programmes as well as measures fostering research transfer on the micro level.
Harmonise vocational training system with innovations and technological change. Inadequate access to technological know-how Foster links between enterprises and research centres and laboratories.
in providing the framework to encourage ICT skill formation at higher levels, in vocational training and in ongoing lifelong learning.
Past policies tended to spread knowledge investment (e g. high education and vocational training, public and private R&d) too thinly, not making much of an impact in any one area.
and iv) The vocational training centres for the purpose interaction between business and technology development. Measuring the effects
research and development organisations, enterprises, government institutions, organisations funding innovation developments, universities, high schools and vocational training establishments, research hospitals, libraries, historical archives, museums, public education
1) The strengthening of the higher education required for enhancing the number of research and development workplaces. 2) The development of the vocational training for creative, innovative professionals. 3) The strengthening the interdisciplinary approach in higher education. 4) The generalization and strengthening
and individuals in providing the framework to encourage ICT skill formation at higher levels, in vocational training and in ongoing lifelong learning.
vocational training institutions may take the lead in such interactions, as they provide a more practical, hands-on, shorter-term oriented education,
and vocational training for skills and lifelong learning; 418 200 606 1 246 399 567 0 54 949 286 0 1 719 549 459 (11) enhancing institutional capacity of public
Distance learning is an area that offers considerable potential for vocational training and continued professional development. PPO 4. 10 The Regional Authority will support expansion in the Training
Investing in education, training and vocational training for skills and lifelong learning. 11. Enhancing institutional capacity of public authorities and stakeholders and efficient public administration. 1. Framework 15 Moreover
To introduce integrated vocational training generally. To increase success at school. To encourage the integration of young people into the employment market.
and those on vocational training programmes that include practical training at companies to set up new enterprises.
Innovation must be present in curriculums for vocational training, university degrees and MA courses related to the production sector,
Vocational training should be used the tool to professionalise people and help them to obtain and retain employment.
integrated vocational training model (in coordination with the jobs market) that provides training throughout people's working lives.
Company-university and company-vocational training centre cooperation programmes enable students to develop projects with companies
Financing To introduce integrated vocational training generally. To increase success at school. To encourage the integration of young people into the employment market.
Investing in education, training and vocational training for skills and lifelong learning. 11. Enhancing institutional capacity of public authorities and stakeholders and efficient public administration. 1. Framework 15 Moreover
To introduce integrated vocational training generally. To increase success at school. To encourage the integration of young people into the employment market.
and those on vocational training programmes that include practical training at companies to set up new enterprises.
Innovation must be present in curriculums for vocational training, university degrees and MA courses related to the production sector,
Vocational training should be used the tool to professionalise people and help them to obtain and retain employment.
integrated vocational training model (in coordination with the jobs market) that provides training throughout people's working lives.
Company-university and company-vocational training centre cooperation programmes enable students to develop projects with companies
Financing To introduce integrated vocational training generally. To increase success at school. To encourage the integration of young people into the employment market.
i) a project launch event such as a high profile seminar or conference (ii) a series of presentations throughout the region to key sectors, especially to the business community and the higher and vocational training institutions (iii) publicity
Universities can also play an important role in the field of vocational training. Barriers and challenges Improving the contribution of universities to regional growth by implementing such mechanisms requires the interconnection of the partners in the innovation systems.'
Knowledge transfer and information actions for the provision of vocational training and skills acquisition actions, demonstration activities and information actions.
This will require investments to improve the links between universities (as well as vocational training facilities) and employers.
update and modernize the curricula for theoretical education, vocational training and lifelong learning in order to answer to the demands of the business sector in the region.
Vocational training also needs to be expanded significantly and upgraded in order to supply a sufficient number of qualified technicians (specialized labor).
universities or vocational training centers) in order to identify and promote those projects that fit with the needs of the local economic actors. 180.
and vocational training to the demands of the labor market, increasing the relevance of the educational and vocational training offer by anticipating private sector requirements,
and ensuring the applicability of the learning material, are key role for the economic development of the region.
and, ii) strengthening the capacity of vocational training providers to deliver attractive and high-quality education and training programs in correlation with labour market demands, especially for sectors with significant growth potential,
The specific objective of this investment priority is the rehabilitation, modernization, development and expansion of pre university, university education and continuous vocational training infrastructure. 182.
Soft Measures such as educational and vocational training programs have to be sustained properly by the educational infrastructure
and proper endowment of schools and vocational training centers to ensure a high-quality teaching process, using appropriate pedagogical and technical resources.
education and continuous vocational training infrastructure National, local and EU funds, West Regional Operational Programme 83 187.
and equipping of pre university, university education and vocational training infrastructure List of preselected projects identified in the Regional Development Plan Service capacity of supported education infrastructure 86 Investment
and organizing vocational training in order to ensure an adequate labor force for private sector growth. Some regeneration plans have been prepared
Wide offering of qualified professional profiles trained in ICT coming out of the region's university and vocational training systems.
Lack of adaptation of regulated training (University, Vocational training) for the ICT market. Difficulty in globalization of the regional ICT sector.
and supply of graduates from University and vocational training. ICT sector specialized in mobility and security.
The efforts of vocational training institutions and schools are also central to meeting the challenge. But entrepreneurship education is confined not to the classroom or formal structures for learning.
but SME participation in apprenticeship and other vocational training is limited relatively, potentially reflecting inappropriate training supply.
They may be imparted through school education, universities and vocational training colleges. Training in SMES is also very dependent on relationships with the public sector
higher education and vocational training institutions) who are involved in the development of the sector and region. Collective Efficiency Strategies'formal recognition allows the submission of investment projects and respective action programmes,
vocational training and the use of knowledge-intensive service activities and small business support in the provision of entrepreneurship skills.
Vocational training colleges have had traditionally a craft focus. Many of the craft occupations are pursued in practice by the self-employed
Apprenticeships combine classroom teaching, often in vocational training institutions with on-the-job training. In France, for example, since 1925 firms have been obliged to pay an apprenticeship tax (0. 5%of the payroll), up to 40
Interaction with vocational training institutions tends to be more important for skills development in small firms than in larger ones,
It can be argued that this reflects an inappropriate training supply in vocational training institutes which is designed too often around conventional norms of business management education and not enough around the motivations of entrepreneurs.
Gibb (2009) argues that a distinction must be made between manager development as traditionally exercised by vocational training colleges a teaching de-contextualised from developing the individual and management development,
Another step that can be taken to fit the vocational training offer more closely to what is demanded by SME managers is the introduction of innovation bootcamps.
CEDEFOP (European Centre for the Development of Vocational training)( 2008a), Future Skills Needs in Europe: Medium-term Forecast, Office for Official Publications of the European communities, Luxembourg.
education and vocational training programmes has assisted over 50, 000 people in the last ten years. Barka works to assist the socially vulnerable including the long-term unemployed, homeless persons and those suffering from substance abuse,
for example when vocational training institutions take the lead over universities in engaging into joint initiatives with local firms (especially with low-tech,
low/non-R&d small firms) that prefer the more practical, shorter-term oriented opportunities of the vocational training institutions to the more complex, long-term programmes of the university (Ranga et al. 2008).
Only 6 percent of the entrepreneurs had no vocational training at all. 3. 2 Variables and measures 3. 2. 1 Dependent variable.
which graduates 27,000 students from two public universities, 500 private higher institutes and vocational training centres.
Since the late 1990s, focus has also been on expanding higher education and vocational training universities, polytechnics and institutes of technical education and improving their quality.
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