certification, communication and promotion, project development, and 32 learning and education activities are only a few examples.
which aims at indirect revenues via cross-app promotion, brand promotion and e-commerce. However, while some developers are making it big,
the majority are not seeing the returns they were expecting to, to a lower extent, intrinsic motivations also matter.
and the promotion and diffusion of knowledge systems in the Public domain, such as Communia. Most, if not all of the above examples of civil society digital social innovation take place via the Internet
and the promotion and diffusion of knowledge systems in the Public domain, such as Communia. These activities are favouring a shift towards open access, transparency and ultimately open Government,
Therefore it is difficult to find concrete policy actions diverted to its promotion. However, there are intermediary organisations such as Code for America, Open Knowledge Foundation and Nesta that support these activities indirectly.
Arduino supports@Heart partners through promotion of their brand, products and content on its site and social networks with links to documentation and tutorials.
or against ideas that many people think are helpful these can be used to buy promotions for ideas that appear as banners at the top of the page.
and the promotion and diffusion of knowledge systems in the Public domain, such as Communia. Most, if not all of the above examples of civil society digital social innovation take place via the Internet
and the promotion and diffusion of knowledge systems in the Public domain, such as Communia. These activities are favouring a shift towards open access, transparency and ultimately open Government,
Therefore it is difficult to find concrete policy actions diverted to its promotion. However, there are intermediary organisations such as Code for America, Open Knowledge Foundation and Nesta that support these activities indirectly.
Arduino supports@Heart partners through promotion of their brand, products and content on its site and social networks with links to documentation and tutorials.
or against ideas that many people think are helpful these can be used to buy promotions for ideas that appear as banners at the top of the page.
the extension of the scope of the anti-money laundering directive and the promotion of international cooperation for the prevention of match-fixing.
adopt a Communication on spectrum-sharing including a strategy for the promotion of shared access to the spectrum in the Single Market
Promotion based on clear evidence-based claims related to environmental performance will enhance internal and external reputation.
Researching competitors product environmental performance may identify relative strengths of your product that you can exploit in promotion.
Start promotion within a community of interest e g. networks of suppliers and customers and extend it to the likeminded crowd who have affinity with your product,
sector 23 Policies to promote competition in the ICT sector 35 Schemes to promote access to higher bandwidth services 34 Promotion of common technology standards 36 Availability of good
19 Schemes to promote access to higher bandwidth services 36 Promotion of common technology standards 32 Availability of good ICT education in primary and secondary schools 43 Other
and modifying criteria for promotion to reward new ideas and innovation. Training in change management can also help to ensure that organisations are both willing and able to adapt to new challenges
%respondents) Promotion of common technology standards 36 Policies to promote competition in the ICT sector 35 Government leading the way in innovative use of ICT 35 Schemes to promote access to higher
and Internet 41 Schemes to promote access to higher bandwidth services 36 Policies to promote competition in the ICT sector 34 Promotion of common technology standards 32 Development of e
Incentivizing co-creation, including programmes to support innovation clusters Entrepreneurship promotion: Promoting entrepreneurship as a career choice and raising general awareness on entrepreneurship Start-up Estonia programme:
The adequate promotion of a consistent innovation-driven entrepreneurship policy requires us to focus on five defining factors to successfully reindustrialize Europe:
the promotion of research and innovation; the continued improvement of our European workers'skills and knowledge;
and why governments have increased generally the priority attached to policies directed towards SMES while focusing them more on the promotion of innovation.
the Investment Promotion Agency (EXTENDA; the Andalusia Institute of technology (IAT; the Andalusia Technological Corporation (CTA; the JEREMIE Funds programme;
and skills upgrading as channels for the promotion of innovation in the region. This will include involvement in future cooperative education programmes and retention of talented foreign students from local universities in technology parks.
A final chapter summarises main conclusions and policy messages on entrepreneurship promotion and SME development for the region of Andalusia.
At present the regional government is geared mainly towards the promotion of the sectors listed below. Whilst some are new to the regional economic landscape,
and more specifically of the Department of Science and Innovation, fall some of the main regional organisations committed to the promotion of economic development, among which the regional development agency IDEA, the trade promotion agency EXTENDA, the entrepreneurship agency ANDALUCIA
promotion of business clusters in strategic sectors for the region; attraction of domestic and international investments;
Through its network of 21 promotion offices in 19 countries, it provides information, consulting, training and funding for business internationalisation.
PAIDI‘s main focus is on technology transfer and the promotion of public-private partnerships between Andalusia public universities (dependent on the regional government) and companies.
through the promotion of an atmosphere of intellectual diversity that tolerates different approaches to the solution of technical problems;
i) the promotion of the knowledge economy; ii) entrepreneurial development and innovation. Total expenditures on these two objectives are authorized at EUR 2. 38 billion over the life of the program.
The main focus of PAIDI is on technology transfer and the promotion of public-private partnerships between Andalusia public universities (dependent on the regional government) and private companies.
access to physical infrastructure, promotion of growth, government programmes, and commercial/services infrastructure. Lowest scoring aspects:
Overall, business incubators are a very cost-effective instrument for the promotion of public policy objectives.
How to identify ways of supporting the internationalisation of the SME sector Like most other European regions Andalusia has developed a well external trade promotion agency
The promotion of high quality, small-scale food production also coincided with a wider trend of more environmentally conscious and=slow-food‘based consumption patterns.
and the last EU-driven Andalusia Operational Programme for the period 2007-2013 earmarked EUR 2. 38 billion (nearly one quarter of the total) for the promotion of the knowledge economy and for entrepreneurial
Being the current entrepreneurship and innovation strategies mainly based on the promotion of R&d and industry-university technology transfer
Entrepreneurship promotion is therefore rightly at the top of Andalusia‘s concern, and one organisation in the regional institutional setting is devoted specifically to this aim (i e.
Incubators are one of the most favoured tools of business development promotion in Andalusia. Only within the Malaga technology park (PTA) there are six of them.
Technology parks have been one of the main instruments for the promotion of business modernisation, the underlying rationale being that clustering of technology-intensive firms enhances their growth and expansion.
Moreover, the focus has mainly been on export promotion, whereas foreign direct investment of local firms (e g. through joint ventures with firms overseas) has received much less attention.
and skills upgrading as channels for the promotion ofinnovation in the region. This will include involvement in future cooperative education programmes and retention of talented foreign students from local universities in technology parks.
despite large investments made by governmental agencies in export promotions since the 1990s, the growth of productivity has been one of the lowest among the EU countries (Cassiman and Golovko, 2011).
Hence, public policies should be addressed also to facilitate/promotion innovativeness and raise performance. 127 Table 23.
and apply it to the promotion of innovation. Source: Self-elaborated 128 4. Limitations and Future Research Lines 4. 1. Essay One This essay advances our understanding of the complex EO-performance relationship,
and industrial R&d projects to cluster initiatives, public awareness measures, standardisation, promotion of venture capital supply,
and JSPS (Japan Society for the Promotion of Science), JST (Japan Science and Technology Agency), NIMS (National Institute for Materials Science), RIKEN (Institute of Physical and Chemical Research
There are divisions in place to support self-sustaining development of regional (cluster) economies (regional technology division, business environment promotion division),
and there are divisions to nurture technological development (research and development division, academia-industry cooperation promotion division). 31 On a local level, the Kyoto municipality is in charge of the cluster organisation
policy should be concerned with both the promotion of high-end technology development as well as the required breadth.
A critical factor in the promotion of micro-and nanoelectronics is the highly cyclical nature of the industry.
and developing and improving access to vocational training. 86 As a result of the implementation of the new Walloon industrial policy, there is now a specific promotion of investment package for attracting new firms to the Plastiwin cluster.
and promotion of renewable energy use and environment initiative. As noted above, the Wallonia government defined economic redevelopment areas (competitiveness hubs)
As a result of the implementation of the new Walloon industrial policy, there is now a specific promotion of investment package for attracting new firms to the Plastiwin cluster.
promotion of spin-offs, acknowledging the importance of technology transfer in evaluations and funding and offering linkage programmes such as researcher mobility programmes.
Arvanitis, S.,H. Hollenstein (1997), Evaluating the Promotion of Advanced Manufacturing Technologies (AMT) by The swiss Government Using Micro-Level Survey Data:
Arvanitis, S.,H. Hollenstein, S. Lenz (1998), Are Swiss Government Programmes of Promotion of Advanced Manufacturing Technologies (AMT) Effective?
The Promotion of Nanotechnology R&d, Case study under the Project Monitoring and analysis of policies and public financing instruments conducive to higher levels of R&d investments-The‘Policy Mix'Project, Brussels. Shapira
compared with 45%of IT-intensive industry CIOS. The potential for future career development: 54%are satisfied strongly,
60%benefits and incentives 40%48%The work-life balance 33%The allocation of resources such as 37%head count and budget to IT 43%54%The potential for career development 45%People
'and to develop the promotion of markets.‘‘Innovation management'is a prerequisite for innovation to flourish in firms.
so that they are searchable by technology/capability and not based on a‘research centre'promotion. Fig (i) Activities that Stimulate Innovation Source:
and a formal application by WIT for upgrade to university status is currently with government The region has benefited from a strong international brands through the promotion of Waterford Crystal,
interactive group of all interested parties involved in the promotion and encouragement of enterprise and entrepreneurship in the Southeast region.
A particular challenge for the region is to ensure greater co-ordination in the promotion
SOUTHEAST 14 Existing Initiatives Fáilte Ireland is the primary state agency responsible for tourism promotion. In its most recent operational plan, the agency sets the objective of achieving revenues of €600m in the region by 2010, with a 20%increase in holiday visitors15.
The continued development and promotion of such heritage sites in the region, of which there are many,
interactive group of all interested parties involved in the promotion and encouragement of enterprise and entrepreneurship in the Southeast region.
One aspect that could have several positive benefits is the promotion of volunteerism. A high profile example of how volunteerism can reap significant benefits is the annual Spraoi festival in Waterford City
Encourage an innovative mindset in the region through the promotion of examples of successful innovation from across the public and private sector.
Cooperating and collaborating with other statutory bodies in the promotion and encouragement of oriented basic research;
A. Development of the Regional Gateway and Effective Promotion of the Region Waterford and the South East region have undergone a period of catch up in terms of infrastructure investment
and intensify promotion activities in the region. In co-operation with the CEBS additional Ideagen and Enterprise Start events will be held in the region in 2012 building on those in Q4 2011.
The continued development and promotion of such heritage sites in the region, of which there are many,
interactive group of agencies and bodies involved in the promotion and encouragement of enterprise and entrepreneurship in the South East region:
This is a significant development from a tourism promotion point of view and enhancing the quality of life within the City.
A. Development of the Regional Gateway and Effective Promotion of the Region Waterford and the South East region have undergone a period of catch up in terms of infrastructure investment
and intensify promotion activities in the region. In co-operation with the CEBS more Ideagen and Enterprise Start events will be held in the region in Q4 2011.
Dublin Meridian Global Services Dublin Roar Promotions Dublin Popgap Games Dublin Lex Consultancy Dublin Zynga Dublin SAGE Dublin UPS Dublin
the increase in external awareness and understanding of transferable policies and the promotion of their take-up, in a way which takes account of differing local contexts;
The general R&d (research & development) law and laws for universities, research institutions and the Austrian Research Promotion Agencys law (Österreichische Forschungsförderungsgesellschaft (FFG:
Promotion of projects in the areas of local public transport and public regional transport, environmentally friendly freight transportation as well as mobility management projects and Promotion of projects for the support of market penetration of sustainable and climate-relevant
Innovation and Technology www. bmvit. gv. at Austrian Climate and Energy Funds (Klima-und Energiefonds, KLIEN) www. klimafonds. gv. at Austrian Research Promotion Agency
Promotion of renewable energy (Flemish only;"-"Generaties"(industrial innovation platform for renewable energy technologies: Strategies for renewable energy;
Promotion of renewable energy (Flemish) www. ode. be/"Generaties"platform: Strategy documents for renewable energy www. generaties. net/Default. aspx?
and the promotion and diffusion of knowledge systems in the public domain, such as Communia. These activities are favouring a shift towards open access and transparency,
Edward Elgar, Cheltenham, UK and Lyme, US. 37 Technopolis (2011), Review of innovation promotion instruments at regional level, unpublished report for OECD. 55 Table
and for cooperative projects Participation in national and international competitive research programmes Research spin-off promotion schemes (e g. regional seed and venture capital funds) Regional high-tech clusters, S&t Parks,
incubators Entrepreneurship stimulation packages Global talent attraction in targeted new sectors Promotion of participation of public and private actors in international technology networks Lobby national government
of business clusters Promotion of innovation in services Technology parks and incubators Innovation vouchers in selected specialisations Place-branding activities Source:
diffusion) Regional agencies for innovation promotion, combining technology transfer with other services Promote innovation start-ups (business angel networks, mentoring schemes,
and entrepreneurship culture promotion Supply-chain management initiatives to reduce fragmentation Innovation-oriented public procurement Redefinition of programmes for regional technical schools Innovation awareness-raising,
entrepreneurship promotion events Develop latent demand for innovation (innovation vouchers, placement of students in SMES) Orient polytechnics centres to new qualifications Training for low-skilled and unemployed
promotion of local academia-industry cooperation and their cross-border networking, aid for international partner search,
promotion and development of cultural heritage. 109 Other investments could include: the development and use of new information technologies (for example to promote the digitisation of cultural heritage), strengthening of entrepreneurship in CCIS,
further focus will need to be put on the promotion allowing new potential users to become familiar with this innovative way of financing
exchanges of civil servants/procurement officers and exchanges and promotion of good practices amongst peers131 (e g. awarding prizes for the best innovation procurement or methodology132),
training, materials and promotion to the demand and to better reach the target group. In particular, the development should follow the recommendations of the document related to the evaluation of the helpdesk to be published by end 2013.
which restricts the potential of these centres to support innovation activities of firms internal and external to the centre. 4. 2. Direct financial innovation support The Austrian Industrial Research Promotion Fund (Forschungsfo
for instance, the‘Bremer Innovation Agency',a‘one-stop-shop'business development support agency responsible for all innovation promotion programmes.
, the publicprivate association‘Montpellier L. R. Technopole',an economic development agency founded in 1986, responsible for the development and promotion of the‘pôles'(Voyer 1998). 13 business parks,
Development bodies, networking and business promotion in North Jutland. European Studies Series of Occasional Papers, 28.
Clusterpreneurs-Promotion of high-tech clusters in low-tech regions. Aalborg. Stoerring, D. and B. Dalum (2006:
(b) the promotion of intelligent transport systems and new technologies for a more environ-31 DIRECTIVE 2005/44/EC of the European parliament
& efficiency Continuous bottleneck exercise Freight transport logistics personnel and training Improving performance Benchmarking intermodal terminals Promotion
The sales persons at Fret SNCF manage the promotion of e-services. If they do not believe in the solution,
N c. Cammack & Son is gathering new customers through word of mouth promotion done by their current clients.
and do marketing and promotion for their companies. Trafikanten today is the dominating information service provider due to the fact that users can compare different transportation modes on Trafikantenswebsite.
treatment, care, rehabilitation and health promotion. Changes in lifestyle, empowerment of patients and relatives and better collaboration among the actors at different levels of the care chain are key parts of this process.
the personalisation of services to better respond to users'needs and the promotion of more open, proactive and transparent administrations.
Direct benefits realised through strategic implementation of ICT Preventative Care Pre-Hospital/Primary Care Sec/Tert/Quat Care Health promotion/screening etc.
employment generation, export promotion, etc. Of these, the ability of SMES to innovate assumes significance
and initiatives to increase provider awareness, including through the promotion of adverse event reporting. Chronic disease is the biggest obstacle to the sustainability of many public health-care systems.
Adoption has remained remarkably uneven despite more than a decade of promotion and significant public investment. There are large variations particularly in the adoption
Offer nonfinancial incentives to physicians, like awards, promotions, etc. Set in place a system of quality control to monitor
which includes preventive and health promotion activity, as well as education and capacity building. Outreach models are characterised by the periodic supply of a range of health services from one location
The lesson learned is that IT tools need active promotion and support at participants'sites,
with a particular focus on the promotion of innovation in the social care sector Aim at strengthening clinical testing units for trial of new medicines Innovation in the publ ic sector 21 The road
magnifies the positive effects of all marketing activities (advertising, promotion, selling, etc.),and often allows the superior product to command a premium price relative to competitors.
Product, Price, Place and Promotion, by examining each carefully and adapting them to your customer's needs,
and this can become indistinguishable from personal product/process promotion. Attention focuses on the following aspects of contacting companies:
or to improve the quality of the promotion (rather than to cut the price). The major marketing management decisions can be classified in the following categories:
Promotion This includes advertising, personal selling (eg attending exhibitions), sales promotions (e g. special offers), and atmospherics (creating the right impression through the working environment).
Public relations is included within Promotion by many marketing people (though PR people tend to see it as a separate discipline).
Combine online marketing with conventional promotion such as direct mail, advertising and include your web site address on all business correspondence Include an online form for your prospect to respond to your offer,
centres Clients Suppliers Competitors Money givers Promotion and coordination systems Protection and Patent offices The innovating enterprise"Innosupport:
Designing the frame conditions for innovation (promotion instruments, lobbying, environment processing, know-how transfer, etc.)can be influenced positively by bundling all regionally relevant players.
e g. references in the monthly newsletters of involved cluster managers and promotions via diverse online intermediaries,
Despite multiple promotions and reminding activities only 131 respondents filled out the questionnaire, out of which the answers of only 70 could be analyzed.
BMBF, 2007). 3 3 DBR (2005), citing India's Department of Industrial Policy and Promotion,
training, materials and promotion to the demand and to better reach the target group. In particular
Integrate the local development dimension into the promotion of entrepreneurship. The roles of sub-national authorities in the promotion of entrepreneurship are of paramount importance
and should be defined and coordinated with central governments, as appropriate for each country. Ensure that programmes in support of SMES
These are major sources of knowledge about women's entrepreneurship and valuable tools for its development and promotion.
and promotion, led by the appropriate ministry, but which involves participation by all key stakeholders. The overall objective should be to increase the volume and value of exports and the number of exporting companies.
It should also seek to integrate export support and promotion into a well developed and effective business support system.
or they can be less tangible in the form of recognition, promotions or empowerment. Regardless of what type of reward is given for a certain behavior,
with participants believing that their personal promotion, status, raises, etc. may be lost if they teach others.
and why governments have increased generally the priority attached to policies directed towards SMES while focusing them more on the promotion of innovation.
and undermine the significance of networking mechanisms in the promotion and enhancement of SME performance.
o The promotion of lead markets in a bid to restore European union (EU) competitiveness o The creation of new market opportunities related to the search for technological and other solutions to societal challenges
and Promotion of RTD Enforcing SMES role in the transition from traditional industry regions to knowledgebased economy regions Innohubs http://www. innohubs. eu Innovation Hubs Promotion of innovation
development in Europe Promotion of innovation for SMES DISTRICT+http://districtplus. it/Disseminating Innovative Strategies for Capitalisation of Targeted Good Practices Support to the transition between traditional economy and competitive economy PERIA
for the promotion of private VC o Business Angel Network to connect private investors to entrepreneurs MINI-EUROPE33 o Financial Engineering for public/private VC o FLIIN
Two projects focused on the promotion of Corporate Social Responsibility in a local or regional territory in order to improve local SMES'competitiveness:
and CSR practices through a website. 38 Technology transfer promotion Three projects identified GPS related to the promotion of technology transfer
and business promotion for the Andalusian Regional Government) to promote technology transfer from the knowledge system to industry by consolidating technology-based spinoffs.
PERIA Summer Design Office New Products By design Promotion of cooperation between design students and SMES(§3. 2. 2). Very high ICT ERIK-ACTION PRAI
INNOHUBS ERIC-ACTION RDT Bretagne Innovation Regional Network Wood Sector Innovation Networks of intermediate agents to support innovation(§3. 2. 5). Promotion of innovation
and competitive economy Erik Action Upgrading the innovation capacity of existing firms Improvement of the capacities to increase innovation within SMES INNOHUBS Innovation Hubs Promotion of innovation in edge cities Innomot
and motivating non-technological Innovation in SMES Adoption of non-technological innovations by SMES Mini Europe Mainstreaming Innovative Instruments for SME development in Europe Promotion of innovation for SMES
and Promotion of RTD Enforcing SME role in transition from traditional industries regions to knowledge
and are relatively easy to implement in other regions, such as Campus, for the promotion of academic spin-offs.
and exchange Good Practices relating to the support and promotion of local entrepreneurship and innovative SMES among the partner Edge Cities.
The INNOHUBS project demonstrated the added-value of international projects involving different regions across Europe with different innovation contexts, for the promotion of knowledge transfer from more experienced regions (in terms of innovation systems) to learning
and the synergy between organisations of the same type creates the basis for a lasting and sustainable cooperation between project participants. 78 GP described in Annex 3 Mini-Europe 83 SME innovation and promotion
Development of good regional practices which correspond more closely to the conditions faced by local entrepreneurs and their application in promotion of clusters.
In practice, this means the promotion of entrepreneurship across the board. While successful companies will constitute the new specialisation of the country/region INNOVATION-DRIVEN GROWTH IN REGIONS:
There are also important synergies and complementarities between smart specialisation and cluster policy (e g. promotion of cross-sectoral collaboration and entrepreneurial processes and place-based interactions4 between actors and institutions)
such as, public procurement policies oriented towards the promotion of innovation and the development of new markets:
Neighbouring research institutes also provide support to research and technology development, education and human resource development, business incubation and promotion.
The main stimuli of related industry growth were local strategic industry promotion programmes of the central government and establishment of related institutes in the region since the late 1990s.
The most important was to establish photonics industry research and promotion institutes and technology extension centres.
The central government's strategic industry promotion programmes were utilized also for local industrial planning exercises,
Since the inauguration of the photonics industry promotion in Gwangju, the average annual growth rate of production, number of employees and companies are 19.2%,9. 6%and 5. 0%respectively.
Currently, Gwangju cooperates with the neighbouring provinces of Jeonnam and Jeonbuk as part of central government's Leading Industry Promotion program.
When photonics promotion began, research institutes with core R&d capacities and expensive common equipment were crucial
At the regional, national and international levels, issues were found for cluster promotion such as intensifying networks and financing of commercial activities and product development.
SEMIP has helped industry increase confidence in approaching research organisations for collaboration Promotion of liveability: A skilled workforce is a fundamental aspect of driving economic growth, especially in high tech manufacturing or research.
(i e. networking and cluster promotion activities, consultancy, qualification) are measures related to R&d co-operation and technology transfer.
and innovation and economy promotion agencies, owned by majority by Upper Austria, have been organized under the common roof of the newly founded Upper Austrian Innovation Holding Gmbh.
If the promotion of joint projects is to be improved, the provision of attuned/coordinated innovation promotion instruments is an essential requirement for the realisation of innovations
and hence exerts a direct influence on the innovation dynamics of the capital region Within the implementation of innobb on the cross-border level,
On the other hand-it is peculiar to the Basque political structure-the important role assigned to the Provincial Councils of Alava, Bizkaia and Gipuzkoa in fiscal policy with important roles in economic promotion and development.
and the SPRI (Society for Industrial Promotion and Restructuring); ii) public funding of the technology centres;
public and private R&d, good business location, networks, financing, acquisition, export and trade promotion, support to start ups etc.
such as public procurement policies oriented towards the promotion of innovation and the development of new markets, an especially relevant instrument in policies with a transformative goal.
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