Synopsis: Entrepreneurship: Competition:


Barriers to Innovation in SMEs_ Can the Internationalization of R&D Mitigate their Effects_ .pdf

(ICT) have enhanced greatly the competition spurred by the globalization of the world economies. Even small and medium-sized enterprises (SMES) are no more immune to the challenges that the globalization brings about.

R. Tiwari and S. Buse (October 2007) Page 4 of 31 1-Introduction Technological advancements, especially in Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) have enhanced greatly the competition spurred by the globalization of the world economies.

Innovative ideas and products are becoming increasingly important to counter the priceoriented competition from low-cost producers from emerging economies

At the same time, the increasing globalization is bringing in more competition in the home market, the traditional stronghold of many SMES.

and find themselves faced with tough price-oriented competition from low-cost producers from emerging economies in Asia

blocking international competition is not a solution to such problems (Smith, 1994). For the increased competition is ultimately beneficial for the consumer in the form of cheaper and/or better goods and services.

Consumption is the sole end purpose of all production; observed Smith, and the interest of the producer ought to be attended to,


Best practices in transport infrastructure financing.pdf

http://ec. europa. eu/competition/state aid/cases/235017/235017 1261801 149 2. pdf Sources: 26/38 Best practices in transport infrastructure financing 1/23/2013 The Baltic Institute of Finland/BSRP Transport Cluster http://www. baltic-course. com

/doc=27666 http://ec. europa. eu/competition/state aid/cases/235017/235017 1261801 149 2. pd fhttp://www. eib. org/projects/pipeline/2010/20100136


Best Practices in Universities Regional Engagement. Towards Smart Specialisation.pdf

Similarly, all the areas of national policy that may impact universities'role in their territories Labour market and employment policies, Science, technology and innovation policies, Competition policy and Regional and urban planning policies


Brief on SME Innovation Performace .pdf

Institutional, physical and financial infrastructures such as the normative framework stimulating trade and competition; an increasing communication and digitalization accessibility;


Case study analysis report of online collaboration and networing tools for Social Innovation.pdf

both of which tend only to be relatively infrequently subject to competition from new sources, but high in new sectors like ICT, business services, media,

and new and high tech manufacturing where such competition is a common occurrence. Across Europe, there are also considerable differences in the institutional and regulatory systems within which work

although for the individual service platform this means that competition is becoming fierce. Creating and doing work The main barrier for the Mission Leben case is that the bespoke ICT needs backup systems and support, often at short notice,

what is, in effect, an outsourced service in competition with the mainstream public agencies providing a similar service.

both competition and cooperation are required across all involved actors from all sectors as public-private-civil partnerships (PPCPS.


Catalonia 2020 strategy.pdf

International competition and the economic crisis require companies to rethink their competitive strategies, particularly as regards technological innovation, internationalisation and adjustment towards activities and products with higher added value,

and causes unfair competition with firms that do comply with the law. In order to prevent fraud connected to undeclared work

International competition to attract foreign investment is growing, and the number of investment projects at European scale is falling.

enhancing the quality of regulations governing competition; fostering competitiveness in public procurement; improving the functioning of the justice administration;

or that restricts competition, can create barriers against trade, investment, the creation of businesses and the efficiency of the economy in general.

and to promote smart legislation that neither restricts competition nor generates unnecessary or disproportionate costs to economic activity.

measures should be adopted to promote the highest possible degree of free competition between tenderers, in order to increase efficiency in the management of public resources


central_hungary_rim_regional_innovation_report.pdf

Competition among the stakeholders for authority i e. for power to decide about the allocation of scarce resources proved an effective barrier of joint initiatives and of the design and implementation of a RIS.

7 Competition among the stakeholders for authority i e. for the power to decide on the allocation of scarce resources proved an effective barrier of joint initiatives and of the design and implementation of a RIS.


Collective Awareness Platforms for Sustainability and Social Innovation_ An Introduction.pdf

from collaboration to competition, is the subject of much research and is still an area of continuous exploration for practitioners and research scholars alike.

DECARBONET, for instance, has evaluated the impact of social dynamics like competition and collaboration, and also gauged public and tangible feedback of engaging users with online discussions (Piccolo et al, 2014).

The impact of gamification, competition, collaborative work, public and even tangible feedback are examples of strategies that have been evaluated to promote engagement


Compelling issues for adoption of e-Health, Dr. Roberto J. Rodrigues 2008.pdf

Speeding up adoption depends on the presence of factors such as incentives, competition, return on investment, and regulation.

and sharpening the private-market competition among providers. Governments must address in a comprehensive manner many national and transnational issues.

www. ehealthstrategies. com Speeding up adoption depends on the presence of factors such as incentives, competition, return on investment, and regulation


Conference_Documentation_Museums in the Digital Age.pdf

but there are many others-competition is just a mouse click away. Although clearly museums have so far not been the vanguard in the process of digitisation


Consultation on the EU strategic work programme 2016-2017.pdf

Internationalisation of innovation, with large companies organising their innovation activities on a global basis and fierce competition for the best talent and resources.

The emergence of new patterns of competition and collaboration based on more open and customer-centric approaches.

In business-to-business (B2b) sectors, increased international competition means firms have to address global markets and not just local ones to generate added value.

New Patterns of Competition and Collaboration are Emerging The ability to understand customers and markets,

Competition is now global. Areas of previous competitive strength (low-cost distribution, production efficiency, effective marketing, etc.

tough competition suggests that only the excellent can win. That is good for the winners, as it provides them a badge of honour;

We urge the Commission to accelerate discussions internally between DGS Competition, Internal Markets and Enterprise to develop new policies in this field.

For instance, they could run open competitions, as is often done for architectural projects, seeking innovative ideas and then choosing the best.

where ideas are being sought for an online electricity pricing portal to simulate competition in the electricity market.

which allow them to develop their own businesses in collaboration and competition with other firms in the cluster/network. o Access to business network contracts/virtual organisations:


cr2013_hu_final.pdf

the overall entrepreneurship culture together with the intensity and type of competition seem to influence firms'behaviour with such a power that STI policy schemes cannot offer strong enough incentives to overrule these unfavourable effects. 5

40 5. 2 Optimal transnational co-operation and competition...40 5. 3 An open labour market for researchers...

and type of competition seem to influence firms'behaviour with such a power that STI policy schemes cannot offer strong enough incentives to overrule these unfavourable effects. 11 5) Deficiencies in the STI governance system

These issues together with the intensity and type of competition seem to influence firms'behaviour with such a power that STI policy schemes cannot offer strong enough incentives to overrule these unfavourable effects.

This initiative is a unique competition model that gives"momentum"to boost researcher career, form research workshops,

the competition model has revived Hungarian scientific life, and contributed to a number of world standard achievements by supporting the most outstanding young scholars and the most promising research topics.

Four internationally acclaimed scientists take part in the Hungarian Academy of Science's workshops as part of the"Invitation 13"competition

This is the second time MTA's President has announced a competition to invite prominent international experts to Hungary.

As a result of the"Invitation 13"competition the guest researchers selected from among the most acclaimed experts around the world are going to spend 3 to 10 months in Hungary.

In 2012 when the competition was announced for the first time 6 guest researchers received an invitation to come to Hungary.

This would be significant improvement as currently the funding of HEIS is allocated on the basis of the number of inscribed students. 5. 2 Optimal transnational co-operation and competition The role of research and innovation in addressing societal challenges,

and doesn't follow international peer review criteria 2. Optimal transnational co-operation and competition Action 1:


DB15-Full-Report.pdf

Where regulation is burdensome and competition limited success tends to depend on whom one knows. But where regulation is efficient, transparent and implemented in a simple way,


Deloitte_Europe's vision and action plan to foster digital entrepeneurship.pdf

competition and how markets operate. More profoundly, it is also driving a significant shift in the balance of power between organisations and individuals.

as online retail and globalisation intensify competition. However supermarkets face fewer direct threats from overseas players, due to the perishable nature of grocery goods and the relatively low value of many items,

opening the door to a new set of rules for operations, performance and competition. This is an opportunity for digital technologies to truly help elevate business performance.

and face global competition. In this respect the European's Commission statement26 that weaknesses in standard-setting

and strengthen competition across all networks. 4. For cloud computing, the Commission will launch pilot actions in the European Cloud Partnership,

Take into account issues concerning market distortion and competition. Organise digital contests for the development of apps in specific sectors.

Europe's biggest open data competition Encourage European entrepreneurs to access and use this data to transform raw data into apps, websites or other products.

or competitions where scholars are encouraged to start a mini-business. Provision of training and awareness sessions for teachers on entrepreneurship.


Design-Driven Innovation-Why it Matters for SME Competitiveness.pdf

Forest Produce has become known for its innovative design which the company uses to differentiate itself from the competition.


Developing National eHealth Interoperability Standards for Ireland - a consultation Document - HIQA 2011.pdf

they are being exposed to increased competition from industry de facto standards, and they are facing problems with assessing compliance.

and crucially also promote competition. There are currently seven major international organisations involved in ehealth standards: The International organisation for Standardization, ISO (www. iso. org;


Digital Agenda 2014-2017 - Germany.pdf

We will devote particular attention to ensuring undistorted competition between companies, further reducing barriers to market entry,

we will ensure that regulations safeguard competition between companies and that they provide the planning certainty required for investment.

Furthermore, we are promoting innovation in PRS by awarding a joint special prize in the international innovation competition European Satellite Navigation Competition (ESNC.

This support includes a modern regulatory framework for ensuring freedom, transparency, data protection and security and also for preserving competition in the digital world.

and competition by continuing to develop a sustainable regulatory framework. This framework is intended to allow scope for the development of new and innovative services that can cater for new business segments.

The regulatory and competition authorities will continue to monitor market activities and put a stop to unauthorised developments.

and competition can develop unhindered by any abusive activities carried out by dominant Internet corporations.

and boosting competition in the IT sector. zzwe are supporting uniform standards and championing greater interoperability.

telecommunications law and competition law. zzwe are also advocating a review of the Audiovisual Media Services Directive. 30 PERSONALFÜHRUNG VI.


Digital Opportunities_ Innovative ICT solutions for youth employment.pdf

The increased complexity of the agriculture value chain, the enforcement of strict public and private industry standards and the growing competition among developing country suppliers, highlight the need for strategic investments in workforce

Interestingly, winners of Pivot East's recent app competitions for the mobile and developer communities in East Africa have both been games-a Matatu racing game that has been downloaded 150 000 times in over 200 countries

provide advice, mentorship, idea and product development competitions, and; offer access to investors through regular informal events and conferences.

In addition to local incubators, there are now numerous regional competitions for app developers in emerging markets, many with a social agenda, that offer financial support and training for developers to use mobile platforms.

For example, Apps4africa features a competition where young companies are offered six minutes to demonstrate their app's utility

The competition targets start-ups and businesses through competitive funding, offering venture capital, mentorship and other forms of support.

The goal for the 2012 competition was to catalyse the growth of Africa's early-stage start-ups to address the issue of youth unemployment across the continent.

As a result, young people everywhere are participating in pitch fests, competitions, startup events and other activities sponsored by local governments, NGOS and the private sector. 125 Maria Garrido and Nancy Garland,"e-Skills and employability:

network of technology-related conferences where participants set the agendas. 141 Nicola Jenvey, SA delegation praises DEMO Africa innovation competition in Kenya, Young Business leaders, November 16

The ITU Young Innovators Competition is held annually as part of ITU Telecom World. The 2012 event in Dubai offered nearly 400 entrepreneurs aged 18-25 from 77 countries the opportunity to showcase their ICT-based projects.

and competitions that bring together investors, business people, and government representatives. Such activities help entrepreneurs to build networks,

Innovative ICT solutions for youth employment 62 Foster innovation through contests and competitions. This can be accomplished by partnering with other actors such as donor agencies, corporate businesses,

SA delegation praises DEMO Africa innovation competition in Kenya. Young Business leaders, November 16, 2012. http://ybl. co. za/demo-africa-south-africa-contestants/.


DIGITAL SOCIAL INNOVATION Creating-shared-value.pdf

Facing growing competition and shorter-term performance pressures from shareholders, managers resorted to waves of restructuring, personnel reductions,

In this kind of competition, the communities in which companies operate perceive little benefit even as profits rise.

They also draw on the broader public assets in the surrounding community, such as schools and universities, clean water, fair-competition laws, quality standards,

The cycle of imitation and zero-sum competition can be broken. Creating Shared Value: Implications for Government and Civil Society While our focus here is primarily on companies,

But that purpose should arise not out of charity but out of a deeper understanding of competition and economic value creation.

but market competition would benefit society in ways we have lost. Creating shared value represents a new approach to managing that cuts across disciplines.

competition, and business management. Not all societal problems can be solved through shared value solutions. But shared value offers corporations the opportunity to utilize their skills, resources,


DIGITAL SOCIAL INNOVATION A Hitchiker 's Guide to Digital Social Innovation.pdf

DG Enterprise funds a social innovation platform (circa 5000 users) and organizes a competition in honour of social innovator Diogo Vasconcelos.

'11 Bibliography Addari, F. and Lane, D. A. 2014), Naples 2. 0 A social Innovation Competition, Report for Unicredit. available at http://socialrenaissance. it/images


DIGITAL SOCIAL INNOVATION Collective Awareness Platforms for Sustainability and Social Innovation.pdf

from colla-boration to competition, is the subject of much research and is still an area of continuous exploration for practitioners and research scholars alike.

DECARBONET, for instance, has evaluated the impact of social dynamics like competition and collaboration, and also gauged public and tangible feedback of engaging users with online discussions (Piccolo et al, 2014).

The impact of gamification, competition, collaborative work, public and even tangible feedback are examples of strategies that have been evaluated to promote engagement


DIGITAL SOCIAL INNOVATION Growning a Digital Social Innovation Ecosystem for Europe.pdf

which raises significant issues of privacy and competition. Right now few of these opportunities are being taken advantage of by European social innovators

whose dominant players set the terms of innovation and competition. Bria 2012) One of the motivations underpinning this research is investigating how Europe can embrace participatory

IPTV) DRM-heavy apolitical INDIVIDUALISM BUSINESS COMPETITION CENTRALLY CONTROLLED Open and distributed digital ecosystems to foster grassroots social innovation and entrepreneurship.

Competition based on open standards, protocols and formats are essential to deploy interoperability between data, devices, services and networks.

One of them is the examples of competitions and challenges. One of Europe's biggest open data competitions is the Open Data Challenge15.

It was organized by the Open Knowledge Foundation, the Openforum Academy and Share-PSI. eu. It offered 20,

There are many other competitions, such as Apps4finland16, the biggest European apps contest organized since 2009 and Apps for Amsterdam promoted by the City of Amsterdam to make accessible to developers and citizens the data of the City. 44 Growing a Digital Social Innovation Ecosystem for Europe OPEN KNOWLEDGE Co

adapted from Sestini, F (Digital) Innovation Venture capital Big data and cloud computing COMPETITION, ECONOMIC ENTERESTS Innovation and innovation policy are not new to the European union.

There are other elements such as prizes, competitions, events, knowledge sharing and dissemination that should also be included in the mechanisms for DSI policy.

The competition invited Europeans to come up with new solutions to reduce unemployment and minimise its corrosive effects on the economy and society.

Any privileged access provided to the owner/managers of the infrastructure would alter free competition.

and freedom of information online, reasserts the principle of fair competition and guarantees that users may freely choose between services online.

and analysed with the main objective of maximising value extraction (e g. for marketing, economic competition and surveillance).

competitions and challenges or jams would be very helpful mechanisms to deploy. Secondly, beyond general events, the DSI strategy requires a communication strategy.

uk/open-data-challenge-series 44 http://ec. europa. eu/enterprise/policies/innovation/policy/social-innovation/competition/45 http://en


DIGITAL SOCIAL INNOVATION Guide to social_innovation_2013.pdf

On top of that, the ageing of Europe's population, fierce global competition and climate change became burning societal challenges.

responding to emerging needs as a consequence of renewed social preferences and structural changes (demography, technological innovations, international competition.


DIGITAL SOCIAL INNOVATION social_innovation_decade_of_changes.pdf

which radically change the competition and supply and demand equations of traditional business models. On this issue, a study conducted by a consortium of partners15 is currently building a map of digital social innovation actors and networks.

in order to define the minimum level of sensible regulation allowing fair competition in the emerging areas of big data.

of the EU's Single Market are seen commonly as economic instruments to favour increased competition,

'This excerpt from the mission letter from the President of the European commission, José Manuel Barroso, inviting former Competition Commissioner, Mario Monti, to prepare a report setting out recommendations for an initiative to relaunch

or competition policy to engage with the development of this‘emerging'sector; and yy the way it has been developed has been participatory26 and all-encompassing, 27 i e. through a systemic change in approach rather than through incremental changes in the institutional infrastructure of the business world. 1. 3. Ecosystems for social innovation 1

but especially at institutional and economic levels (public sector, public services, competition, etc.).To help address this challenge,

and a creativity competition was held in about 250 schools. A social investment fund is being launched,

a social innovation that produces user-driven innovations This Living Lab was a finalist of the Regiostars 2013 competition.

the removal of many obstacles to competition and job creation. These efforts are combined and coordinated in order to make the desired impact;

and global competition in order to unleash digital potential and spread the digital culture across the EU. While not explicitly making a case for social innovation in its seven priority areas and 101 proposals,

The European Social Innovation Competition was launched on 1 october 2012 in memory of Diogo Vasconcelos182. In full complementarity with the Social Innovation Europe Platform, the Competition meets five objectives at the same time. yy It directly supports some projects with prize money,

mentoring support and networking/exposure opportunities. yy It enlarges the social innovation community and, by following up the projects selected throughout the Competition,

it provides concrete evidence that social innovation works. yy It creates greater awareness of the opportunities that social innovation can bring to develop new solutions to problems in Europe among politicians,

The first edition of the competition proved to be a success. Europeans were invited to develop ideas for creating new and better job opportunities.

/innovation/policy/social-innovation/competition/index en. htm. 112 S O C i a L I N N O V A t

In addition to the three financial rewards for the winners, the competition also offers visibility, networking and mentoring for the 30 semifinalists.

The second edition of the European Social Innovation Competition was launched in Milan on 11 october 2013.

Like the first edition, the competition focused on the job challenge'.'This time, more than 1 200 ideas were received,

and a stronger mentoring component. 184 More information and the projects of the ten finalists of the 2014 Social innovation Competition can be found on europa. eu/rapid/press-release memo-14-287 en. doc.

The 2013 Social innovation competition winners receive their awards from European commission President Barroso. P A r T I I M A i N d E V E L O P m E N t S i N e U P O L

reinforcing competition and economic interests (especially at industrial level), and stimulating collaboration among citizens and creating social value (also in relation to sustainability aspects).

two use cases will contrast the effectiveness of competition-based and cooperative approaches in a grassroots experiment to measure energy consumption (Energy Quest) and a large-scale awareness campaign (Earth Hour).


DIGITAL SOCIAL INNOVATION The-Open-Book-of-Social-Innovationg.pdf

INSPIRATIONS AND DIAGNOSES 15 competitions for the crowdsourcing of innovations say that it is the stage of framing a good question

which is the key to the competition's success. 1 All of the methods that follow are not only prompts,

and patterns. 1 18 THE OPEN BOOK OF SOCIAL INNOVATION These sites show how to run competitions for‘mash up'ideas from citizens using government data, such as Sunlight Labs and Show Us a Better Way

There are also prizes there are biodiversity competitions, recipe competitions and a felicitation ceremony for creative villagers. 30) Media Spotlight.

Some of these methods are designed specifically to encourage creativity and new ideas such as competitions and prizes, online platforms and idea banks.

and then provides support to the winners. 54) Competitions and challenges can be an effective means of uncovering new sources of social innovation.

however, competition is not always the driving force behind the development of new innovations in the social economy.

This means 2 that competitions need to be structured in such a way that participants have the opportunity to collaborate,

One of the traditional arguments in favour of prizes and competitions is the way in

Indeed, with competitions, it is the participants who are expected to foot the financial risk. In the social economy,

or competitions such as the Singapore Public service Awards. Another example of this is school inspections inspectors assess and then share good practice.

with £20 million to be spent on a public competition for medical breakthroughs. 325) Crosscutting budgets that support broad programmes

such as the ITV/Big Lottery Fund competition‘The People's 50 Million'.'Another example is‘Help A London Park,

and competitions provide another source of funding for activities at one remove from the state.

Through its prestigious annual awards competition, the programme has served to highlight innovative projects within fields as diverse as youth justice, environmental management, education, public health and e-governance,

Image courtesy of the West Philly Hybrid X Team. 407) Competitions and challenge funds can be an effective means of spurring social innovation.

200 Community of Practice on Inclusive Entrepreneurship (COPIE) 137 Community Shared Agriculture 205 Competitions 38;


DIGITAL SOCIAL INNOVATIONThe_Process_of_Social_Innovation.pdf

In business, social innovation can be driven by competition, open cultures, and accessible capital, and it will be impeded where capital is monopolized by urban elites or government.

or when there is some competition or contestability rather than monopoly provision by the state. How public sectors dock with the social

that in some sectors the best market structure for innovation seems to be a combination of oligopolistic competition between a few big companies


Digital Social Innovation_ second interim study report.pdf

and competition policies. However, the open innovation perspective assumes that innovation is the result of complex and intensive interactions between various actors.

One of them is Challenge. gov38 a collection of challenge and prize competitions, all of which are run by more than 50 agencies across federal government.

and creative competitions where the US government seeks innovative solutions from the public, bringing the best ideas and talent together to solve mission-centric problems.

labs themselves Networks Networked Formal enabling/servicing structures Lack of interconnection between different types of labs Cost of being a network member Difficulty to involve the community Open/big data (Local governments Competition organizers

and participates in different activities such as workshops and competitions. Montreal International Startup Festival is another example47 Since 2011, each year, over 2, 000 founders, investors,

One example is that of competitions. Particularly competitions'organisers make sure developments and innovation takes place by means of using government open data.

This is the case of the Open Data Challenge74, one of Europe's biggest open data competitions.

It was organized by the Open Knowledge Foundation, the Openforum Academy and Share-PSI. eu. It offered 20,000 Euros in prizes

There are many other competitions, some of them organized by governments themselves. Apps4finland75, for example, is an open data contest that has been running since 2009.

The competition has welcomed new data sources, applications, visualisations and ideas as entries. Apps4ottawa76 is another open data contest organised by the City of Ottawa in Canada.

Competitions and hackatons have aimed at making datasets visible as well as at promoting apps development but these created solutions often remain at version 1. 0, with little after event follow-up, maintenance or development.

and reputation Open/big data Organization of competitions Support for networking Knowledge sharing and dissemination New services Generation of economic value Transparency Political incentives (reputation) Technical support Monetary incentives

That is the case of festivals, hackathons, competitions, and other related events. It is also the case of incubators and accelerators.

in this section we will refer to the organization of competitions, to support tools for networking and for knowledge sharing and dissemination.

Competitions aim to bring together the data sets made available by (local governments, with the app developers or the community of open data users.

Competitions are aimed at developers, researchers, journalists and anyone who has a keen interest in the reuse of open data,

as their main goal is to promote the use/reuse of data sets. 41 Many open data competitions have been organised throughout the years by (local governments themselves or by other organisations.

In November 2013, for example, the Energy department of the United states launched a competition to encourage the creation of innovative energy apps built with open data109.

between February and March 2014, the Science for Solutions open data competition took place in order to encourage data visualisations,

what is said to be one of the biggest competitions of open data in the region:

Competitions award participants with monetary prizes but they are also an important tool for developers'to gain visibility and reputation,

and 6) competition platforms (that are becoming more popular to source experts and expertise in different areas.

and analysed with the main objective of maximising value extraction (e g. for marketing, economic competition, and surveillance).


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