the Economic policy and Research Foundation of Turkey (TEPAV) for the Manisa mini case study; and Amit Kapoor, President and Chief executive officer, India Council on Competitiveness,
Productivity is about the efficient use of available resources that drives economic growth. But productivity has to be maintained sustainable beyond the short term
Windows of opportunity Cities should look out for opportunities, often during a political or economic crisis, to push through the required number of decisive reforms (as Singapore
Developing own foreign economic policies Cities should create their own policies on trade foreign direct investment, tourism and attracting foreign talent,
food and water, given their concentrations of people and economic activity, and are responsible for over half of global greenhouse gas emissions.
it has dispersed economic activity around the world, allowing comparative advantage to help generate positive outcomes; but, at the same time, it has concentrated economic activity in particular locations.
Cities have been the big beneficiaries: they enable firms to reap economies of scale and scope, and bring talented people together not least entrepreneurs to share ideas
Technological advances can spur concentration of economic activity, but they also impel decentralization of choices and decision-making.
which fundamentally drives economic growth. In other words, a more competitive economy is likely to grow faster over time,
The central drivers of productivity feed into sustainable economic growth. Align the criteria with those of the Forum's Global Competitiveness Report:
Foreign economic policies that position a city in the global economy through international trade, finance, foreign direct investment (FDI), foreign workers and tourism, all as part of clusters of economic activity linked to global value chains 3
and to entrepreneurship, innovation and economic growth, just as they were in cities at the heart of the pre-modern European and Asian miracles.
and economic activities shifted westward. But St louis now finds itself in a very different position than similar cities in the American Midwest through its newfound success as a global biotech hub and top destination for tech start-ups.
This plan addresses top-of-mind concerns like economic growth, government transparency, quality of life, mobility and the environment.
Entrepreneurship also needs to be encouraged to ensure that R&d efforts continue to be translated into economic growth.
A special characteristic of Manisa is its polycentric structure in terms of its population and economics. Only 26%of the city's population lives in the provincial centre.
Morocco's economic policies, institutions, commercial relationships and public-private dialogue have contributed to this remarkable outcome.
although the values at times have seemed to create overvaluations and reversals, notably after the recent global economic downturn of 2008.
the exit from Malaysia and impending withdrawal of British military bases to overhaul economic policies, including opening the door fully to multinational corporations (MNCS) at a time
(what to reform) Singapore is arguably best-in-class in getting the basics right on economic policy.
Causes of the decline include deindustrialization, depopulation, lack of political leadership in making timely economic decisions and, finally, the recent economic downturn.
The plan identifies several focal areas for economic growth, including entrepreneurship, small-business development and policy reform,
The economic downturns that affected the growth of Mexico's GDP in the early 1980s were an incentive for the main industries in Monterrey to enter international markets.
The world economic crisis of 2008 and the presence of criminal drug-related groups in the country affected the economic and social activities in Monterrey.
private and public institutions have promoted cooperation, education, economic growth and social cohesion. This explains Monterrey's strong structural competitiveness and resilience.
China established a socialist market economic system. Ningbo began a comprehensive transformation for the socialist market economy,
Foreign economic policy With its long historical tradition of foreign trade, Ningbo has now become one of the most developed foreign trade cities in China.
With the development of the Chinese market economic system, markets will play an even more decisive role in the future.
or economic crisis to push through a critical mass of decisive reforms. Policies and regulation of the business environment Get the basics right,
Develop own foreign economic policies on trade, foreign direct investment, tourism and attracting global talent, and go global as far as possible.
The focus is on three aspects of economic policy: fiscal policy, regulations for doing business, and foreign economic policy.
From the 1960s to the present, Singapore has provided some of the best examples of getting the basics right.
and poor healthcare, education, water and transport services. 52 A Report of the Global Agenda Council on Competitiveness Foreign Economic policy:
Cities need their own foreign economic policies they should not simply leave them to national governments.
As a city state, Singapore (like Hong kong SAR) is exceptional in conducting its own foreign economic policies;
Paul Romer, Professor of Economics at NYU, is thinking along these lines with his vision of charter cities.
, EGADE Business school, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Mexico. 6. Centro de Investigación y Docencia Económicas (Economics Research and Teaching Center.
This case study was prepared by the Economic policy Research Foundation of Turkey (TEPAV. 16. This case study was written by Kevin X. Murphy. 17.
Universidad Austral Nicolás Bernabé, Research Analyst Eduardo Fracchia, Director of Academic department of Economics Armenia Economy and Values Research center Manuk Hergnyan, Chairman Sevak Hovhannisyan
, Assistant professor Pamela Saavedra, Assistant China Institute of Economic system and Management, National Development and Reform Commission Chen Wei, Research Fellow Dong Ying, Professor Zhou
Haichun, Deputy Director and Professor China Center for Economic Statistics Research, Tianjin University of Finance and Economics Bojuan Zhao, Professor Lu Dong, Professor Jian
Papageorgiou, Head of Socioeconomic and Academic Research Czech republic CMC Graduate school of Business Tomá Janca, Executive director Czech Management Association Ivo Gajdo, Executive director University of Economics
Economics Michael Frenkel, Professor, Chair of Macroeconomics and International Economics Ghana Association of Ghana Industries (AGI) Patricia Addy, Projects Officer James Asare-Adjei
viii The Global Competitiveness Report 2014 2015 Partner Institutes Kyrgyz Republic Economic policy Institute Lola Abduhametova, Program Coordinator Marat Tazabekov, Chairman Lao
, Director Mongolia Open Society Forum (OSF), Mongolia Oyunbadam Davaakhuu, Manager of Economic policy Erdenejargal Perenlei, Executive director Montenegro Institute for Strategic Studies and Prognoses (ISSP
Administrative Staff Fatou Gueye, Teacher Gisèle Tendeng, Accountant Serbia Foundation for the Advancement of Economics (FREN) Aleksandar Radivojevic, Project Coordinator Svetozar Tanaskovic, Researcher
, General manager Thero Setiloane, Chief executive officer Business Unity South africa Nomaxabiso Majokweni, Chief executive officer Kgatlaki Ngoasheng, Executive director, Economic policy Spain IESE Business school, International Center for Competitiveness
Economic policy Officer Kenneth Woei-A-Tsoi, Executive director Swaziland Federation of Swaziland Employers and Chamber of commerce Mduduzi Lokotfwako, Coordinator, Trade & Commerce Nyakwesi Motsa, Administration & Finance
and longest-lasting financial and economic crisis of the last 80 years. However, this resurgence is moving at a less decisive pace than it has after previous downturns
in order to ensure robust economic growth that supports more-inclusive economies. Economic and social agendas must go hand in hand
and their mechanisms and interrelations that determine economic growth and the level of present and future prosperity in a country.
and citizens increasingly recognize the need for economic growth to be balanced by providing opportunities and benefits for all segments of the population and by being respectful of the environment.
when the world seems to be finally emerging from the worst financial and economic crisis of the past 80 years and returning to a pre-crisis situation:
Finally, one of the legacies of the economic crisis is the acceleration of income inequality in many 2014 World Economic Forum 1. 1:
its ability to use available inputs efficiently to drive sustainable economic growth and prosperity. Never before has urbanized the world at the speed
Cities should develop their own foreign economic policies on trade, foreign investment, tourism, and attracting foreign talent,
Notes 1 The World Economic Forum's Global Agenda Council on Competitiveness seeks to raise awareness of the importance of competitiveness for economic growth
as it is an important factor in determining the location of economic activity and the kinds of activities or sectors that can develop within a country.
In addition, the quality and extensiveness of infrastructure networks significantly impact economic growth and reduce income inequalities
and poverty in a variety of ways. 9 A well-developed transport and communications infrastructure network is a prerequisite for the access of less-developed communities to core economic activities and services.
The recent economic crisis has highlighted the high degree of interdependence of economies worldwide and the degree to
Protectionist measures are counterproductive as they reduce aggregate economic activity. Market efficiency also depends on demand conditions such as customer orientation and buyer sophistication.
Labor markets must therefore have the flexibility to shift workers from one economic activity to another rapidly and at low cost,
Financial market development The financial and economic crisis has highlighted the central role of a sound and well-functioning financial sector for economic activities.
In line with well-known economic theory of stages of development, the GCI assumes that, in the first stage,
Overall, Germany weathered the global economic crisis of recent years quite well thanks at least partly to its main competitiveness strengths,
allowing the country to maintain its triple-A rating throughout the recent financial and economic crisis.
in order to put economic growth on a sustainable footing. These include an overhaul of the institutional framework (130th
and the poor quality of the education system (83rd) with its inability to provide the right set of skills for an economy that increasingly needs a skilled labor force to sustain the sharp economic growth of past years.
Competitiveness and the need for structural reform in large emerging economies In recent decades, many emerging economies benefited from rapid economic growth,
which allowed them to gain a more prominent role in the global economy. 1 Emerging economies drove growth throughout the economic crisis.
However, since 2010, economic growth has been slowing down in emerging economies, which grew by 4. 7 percent in 2013,
and ensure that economic growth is sustainable going into the future. Qatar falls three places to 16th position.
Boosting economic growth over the longer term will require Jordan's policymakers to address a number of challenges.
The Global Competitiveness Index 2014 2015 38 The Global Competitiveness Report 2014 2015 competitiveness and provide an important boost to the country's economic growth in the shorter as well as longer terms.
Sub-saharan africa Amid the economic turmoil that affected advanced economies in recent years, the sub-Saharan African region provided something of a silver lining in an otherwise broadly felt economic downturn.
Most economic activity takes place in the informal sector, accounting for more than half of GDP and employing more than 80 percent of the population;
now a solid 17 places ahead of the second-ranked South africa, to the lowest ranked Guinea at 144th efforts to strengthen the very basic requirements for long-term growth will be crucial for sustaining economic growth and making it more inclusive.
On the other hand, Kenya's overall competitiveness is held back by a number of factors that hinder its long-term economic growth, particularly in view of its transition toward middle-income status:
poor availability and affordability of finance in general and the difficulties in obtaining loans in particular (137th) remain an important bottleneck to economic growth.
which is the key driver of economic growth. In the current economic context of uneven recovery across advanced economies and renewed risks for emerging economies, the current edition of the Report has highlighted the need for more structural reforms
and enhanced smart investments in both advanced and emerging economies in order to accelerate robust economic growth, create productive jobs,
as the ongoing World Economic Forum's project on the Competitiveness Lab and the Competitiveness Practices Raising productivity and competitiveness is crucial to sustaining economic growth
Sala-i-Martín et al. 2004 for an extensive list of potential robust determinants of economic growth. 4 See Easterly and Levine 1997;
Quarterly Journal of Economics 117 (4): 1231 94. Afdb, OECD, and UNDP. 2014. African Economic Outlook 2014:
Handbook of Economic growth, 1st edition, volume 1. Amsterdam: Elsevier. 1499 542. Almeida, R, . and P. Carneiro, 2009.
Journal of Comparative Economics 37 (1): 28 46. Amin, M. 2009. Labor Regulation and Employment in India's Retail stores.
Journal of Comparative Economics 37 (1): 47 61. Aschauer, D. A. 1989. Is Public Expenditure Productive?
Journal of Monetary Economics 23 (2): 117 200. Barro, R. J. and X. Sala-i-Martín. 2003.
Economic growth, 2nd edition. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. Becker, G. S. 1993. Human Capital: A Theoretical and Empirical Analysis, with Special Reference to Education, 3rd edition.
Infrastructure and Economic growth. In M. Baldarassi, L. Paganetto, and E. Phelps, eds.,International Differences in Growth rates.
Quarterly Journal of Economics CXII: 1203 50. Feyrer, J. 2009. Trade and Income: Exploiting Time series in Geography.
Journal of Monetary Economics 32 (3): 485 512. Frenkel, J. and D. Romer. 1999. Does Trade Cause Growth?
Journal of Comparative Economics 37 (1): 91 105. Kaufmann, D. and T. Vishwanath. 2001. Toward Transparency:
Quarterly Journal of Economics 108 (3): 551 75. Lucas, R. E. 1988. On the Mechanics of Economic Development.
Journal of Monetary Economics 22 (1): 3 42. Planning commission of India. 2012. Twelfth Five Year Plan 2012 17.
The Stages of Economic growth, a Non-Communist Manifesto. Cambridge: University Press. Sachs, J. 2001. Macroeconomics and Health:
Brookings Papers on Economic activity 1995 (1): 1 118. Sala-i-Martín, X. and E. V. Artadi. 2004.
A Contribution to the Theory of Economic growth. Quarterly Journal of Economics 70 (February: 65 94.2014 World Economic Forum The Global Competitiveness Report 2014 2015 45 1. 1:
The Global Competitiveness Index 2014 2015 Swan, T. W. 1956. Economic growth and Capital Accumulation. Economic Record 32 (2): 334 61.
Trajtenberg, M. 2005. Innovation Policy for Development: An Overview. Paper prepared for LAEBA, Second Annual Meeting.
In P. Newman, ed.,The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics and the Law. New york: Macmillan. 2014 World Economic Forum 1. 1:
Indeed, most economic growth theories predict that the growth rate will be directly related to the level of productivity,
then those that were more competitive would experience higher rates of long-term economic growth. In reality, however, countries differ both in their levels of income
Economic growth, 2nd edition. Cambridge: MIT Press. Hall, R. and C. Jones. 1999. Why Do Some Countries Produce So much More Output Per Worker than Others?
The Quarterly Journal of Economics 114 (1): 83 116. IMF (International monetary fund. 2014. World Economic Outlook Database, April.
Review of Economics and Statistics 39 (3): 312 20. World bank. 2014. World Development Indicators 2014 database.
but rather as integral parts of the economic growth process. Despite increased awareness about the urgency of social and environmental issues, progress toward a more sustainable future is slow.
In the absence of economic growth, any effort toward a more equal distribution of income would do little good for the millions of people in developing countries who remain at low levels of income and human development.
The breadth of the definition was meant to capture the several dimensions of development that go beyond the usual boundaries of economic growth
and ocean acidity. 22 Biodiversity is also a key driver of economic growth, especially in developing countries,
and benefit from higher rates of economic growth can be affected. Based on our definition of sustainable competitiveness, specified above,
and the vulnerabilities associated with these problems remain entrenched. 1 The global community is calling for change for solutions that foster economic growth in a more inclusive manner.
and strengthen the contribution of economic growth to improvements in broad living standards is becoming an increasingly important concern for political and business leaders in developed and developing countries alike.
The economic fundamentals that have accompanied high and sustained economic growth are well known and form the basis of the World Economic Forum's 12-pillar model of competitiveness.
and pattern of economic growth. 6 The World Economic Forum's Global Project on Inclusive Growth aims to mobilize a better response to this challenge by drawing on its multiple,
By doing so, the Global Project on Inclusive Growth aims to shed light on the full spectrum of policy levers available to promote social participation in the process and benefits of economic growth without dampening incentives to work
Promote sustained, inclusive and sustainable economic growth, full and productive employment and decent work for all 7th pillar (labor market efficiency) Goal 9:
Alesina, A. and D. Rodrik 1994, Distributive Politics and Economic growth. Quarterly Journal of Economics 109 (2): 465 90.
Ali, I and J. Zhuang. 2007. Inclusive Growth toward a Prosperous Asia: Policy Implications. ERD Working Paper No. 97.
Journal of Economic growth 8 (2003): 267 99. Barbier, E. 1997. Environmental Kuznets Curve Special Issue:
Environment and Development Economics 2: 369 81. Bäthge, S. 2010. Climate Change and Gender: Economic Empowerment of Women Through Climate Mitigation and Adaptation?
The Debate over the Relationship Between Income Inequality and Economic growth: Does Inequality Matter for Growth?
Research in Applied Economics, Macrothink Institute 5 (2): 1 18. Available at http://www. macrothink. org/journal/index. php/rae/article/view/3361/3258.
Brookings Papers on Economic activity, Fall. Available at http://www. brookings. edu//media/Projects/BPEA/Fall%202013/2013b elsby labor share. pdf. Esteban, J. and D. Ray. 2006.
Economic growth and Income Inequality. American Economic Review 45 (1): 1 28. The Lancet. 2013. The Global Burden of Disease Study 2010.
Journal of Mathematical Economics 24 (1995): 159 77. Mankiw, G. 2013. Defending the One Percent.
The Quarterly Journal of Economics 129 (1): 61 103. Nordhaus, W. 1992. Lethal Model 2:
Brookings Papers on Economic activity Volume 2: 1 59.1994. Locational Competition and the Environment: Should Countries Harmonize Their Environmental Policies?
Cowles Foundation Discussion Paper No. 1079, Cowles Foundation for Research in Economics, Yale university..2000. Alternative Methods for Measuring Productivity Growth.
Cowles Foundation Discussion Paper No. 1282, Cowles Foundation for Research in Economics, Yale university..2002. The Health of Nations:
Journal of Environmental Economics and Management 67 (2): 104 25. Persson, T. and G. Tabellini 1994.
Agricultural and Resource Economics Update 12 (1). Giannini Foundation of Agricultural Economics, University of California.
Stern Review on the Economics of Climate Change. London: HM Treasury. Stiglitz, J. 2012. The Price of Inequality:
S07 Extent of informal economy In your country, how much economic activity would you estimate to be undeclared or unregistered?
1=most economic activity is undeclared or unregistered; 7=most economic activity is declared or registered 2013 2014 weighted average Source:
World Economic Forum, Executive Opinion Survey. For more details, refer to Chapter 1. 3 of this Report.
and measurement of economic growth as well as to applying surveying best practices. To this end, it has sectors of activity,
university faculties of economics or business administration; and the economic media. Median values were calculated for each question and by country.
and business leaders in their efforts to formulate improved economic policies and institutional reforms. In the minds of its authors, an undertaking of this dimension can never be perfect
in order to reflect the newest thinking in matters of economic growth. Since 2005, the Global Competitiveness Index has provided the methodology used to conduct the assessment.
and business leaders in their efforts to formulate improved economic policies and institutional reforms. In parallel to this development of the index, the original survey has evolved
Because small-and medium-sized enterprises (SMES) account for a large share of economic activities in most countries,
Dr Bilbao-Osorio holds a degree in Economics from the Universidad Comercial de Deusto (Spain), a Master in European Studies from the Université Catholique de Louvain (Belgium),
Her areas of expertise include new institutional economics, development policy, inequality, and inclusive growth. She holds a Bachelor's degree in Economics and History from Barnard College/Columbia University in New york and a Master in Political economy from the London School of economics (UK).
) Roberto Crotti Roberto Crotti is an Economist with The Global Competitiveness and Benchmarking Network at the World Economic Forum.
and development economics. Prior to joining the Forum, he worked as an Analyst in the private consulting and forecasting sector.
Mr Crotti holds a five-year degree in Economics/Economic policy from Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore in Milan, Italy,
and an MA in Economics from Boston University. Attilio Di Battista Attilio Di Battista is a Junior Quantitative Economist with The Global Competitiveness
and trade competitiveness analysis. He has a Bachelor's degree in International and Diplomatic Sciences from Università degli Studi di Trieste in Gorizia and a Master in International Economics from the Graduate Institute of International and Development
Dr Drzeniek Hanouz received a Diploma in Economics from the University of Münster and holds a Phd in International Economics from the University of Bochum
she worked for an economic policy consultancy in the United kingdom, where she analyzed economic and financial policies in Central and Eastern europe and Central asia.
She holds an undergraduate degree in Economics from the University of Groningen and an MSC in Economics and Finance from the University of Tilburg, both in The netherlands.
A Swiss national, Mr Geiger holds a BA in Economics from the University of Geneva, an MA in Economics from the University of British columbia,
and projects to address the challenges of inclusive social and economic growth; built relationships with C-suite executives of partner companies;
His research interests include economic growth, macroeconomics, public finance and social security, health and population economics monetary economics, poverty, inequality, estimation of the world distribution of income,
and measuring competitiveness. He is a consultant on growth and competitiveness for a number of countries, international institutions, and corporations.
He earned his MA and Phd, both in Economics, from Harvard university. He collaborates closely with the World Economic Forum in his capacity as Chief Advisor to The Global Competitiveness
and economic crisis the world has seen in decades. But current economic growth needs to be strengthened if it is to be robust,
generate more productive jobs, and ensure inclusive growth. Potential risks going forward concern the possible tightening of financial conditions that may follow a normalization of the monetary policy in the United states and other advanced economies
when economies need to solidify the recovery of the past year and leave the worst financial and economic crisis of the past 80 years behind.
and foster their innovation potential in order to sustain the rapid economic growth they experienced in the past decade. Against this backdrop, information and communication technologies (ICTS) in their role as key enablers of innovation and new employment opportunities are drawing more attention than ever before.
and managing economic activity based on the new opportunities that the Internet provided for businesses. 1 At present,
since they may reduce overall output as more and more economic activity is predicated on the use, exchange, and analytics of data.
and Patrick Ryan at Google, focuses on the social and economic value of data, but from the point of view of use
High-value solutions that may not have quantifiable economic value are being developed using data, and many sectors, from businesses to governments, benefit from data-driven innovation.
and managing economic activity based on the new opportunities that the Internet provided for businesses. 1 At present,
as Finland decidedly started investing in building its ICT ecosystem in the mid-1990s as an answer to its financial and economic crisis at that time.
These issues can potentially have a negative impact on an innovationreliant country's ability to support further economic growth and social development.
and digitization can represent one of the main sources of potential economic growth and employment generation for Europe,
The Networked Readiness Index 2014 Since the beginning of the worst financial and economic crisis of the past 80 years,
Notwithstanding this progress of the BRICS, we have observed recently that many of these emerging economies are experiencing difficulties in maintaining the rapid economic growth of these past years.
The country has recognized the importance of ICTS as one of the key sources of economic growth for the future both as an industry and as an enabler for innovation
and machine-generated. 14 Applying analytics to a greater share of all data can lead to productivity increases, economic growth,
September 20, South Mountain Economics LLC. Available at http://files. ctia. org/pdf/The geography of the app economy. pdf. Mclellan, C. 2013.
and the Internet impacted economic growth in the early years of that troika. A 2004 OECD paper estimates that inflation-adjusted investment in ICTS accounted for an average of 0. 5 percentage points of annual growth in real GDP in OECD countries between 1995 and 2001.3 This represents about 20
which we mean entirely new classes of economic activity predicated on insights and value derived from analyzing, contextualizing,
The process by which the transaction is executed is established well in modern economics: rational, self-interested economic actors determine the price they are willing to pay for a good
because revenues contribute to economic growth only insofar as they generate added value (or surplus). Revenue of $4 per record/user with near-zero profitability is very different from $4 per record/user with 40 percent net profit.
Without it, the consumers who today are the engine of economic growth will increasingly lose their ability to participate in the economy.
Exploring the Economics of Personal data: A Survey of Methodologies for Measuring Monetary value. OECD Digital economy Papers, No. 220.
and economic activities to the web. 4 More data are generated today than ever before; this is a positive trend that will inevitably continue:
5 while data generated per year is growing at a rate of 40 percent. 6 In this chapter we will focus on the social and economic value of data,
Wikipedia does not contribute any economic value. 20 This makes no sense in today's world,
The Internet itself has been a strong contributor to economic growth for more than two decades, but only in the past couple of years have undertaken economists serious attempts to quantify the Internet's impact on the world's economies. 23 One example of innovative data use that has a difficult-to-quantify economic value proposition is Google's Flu Trends,
which provides near real-time estimates of flu activity for a number of countries around the world.
whether or not they have a clear quantifiable economic value at the outset. More efficient preparation for outbreaks and better understanding of post-disaster movement ultimately mean more cost-effective deployment of public services.
Open data initiatives The use of data across sectors can drive innovation and economic growth. However, many generators of data including governments do not share their data.
in order to capitalize on opportunities for economic growth via innovation, flexible and adaptable policies are needed. We need to focus on using datasets responsibly
To counter these intractable economics, organizations need to consider a variety of methods to upgrade their infrastructure in support of or in anticipation of big data.
Dr Bilbao-Osorio holds a degree in Economics from the Universidad Comercial de Deusto (Spain), a Master in European Studies from the Université Catholique de Louvain (Belgium),
and public economics. Prior to joining the Forum, he worked as an Analyst in the private consulting and forecasting sector.
Mr Crotti holds an undergraduate degree in Economics/Economic policy from Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore in Milan, Italy;
an MA in Economics from Boston University in the United states, and is enrolled currently in a Phd program in Economics at the Graduate Institute Geneva in Switzerland.
Bahjat El-Darwiche Bahjat El-Darwiche is a Partner with Booz & Company, based in Beirut.
He coleads Mckinsey's global efforts in regulation, regulatory economics, and stakeholder management and worked extensively in this area both at Mckinsey
Mr Enríquez has an AB in Economics from Harvard university and did his doctoral work in Economics at the University of California at Berkeley,
where he focused on the economic dynamics of interconnection among telecommunications networks. Peter Haynes Peter Haynes is a Senior Fellow at the Atlantic Council and former Senior Director
Mr Haynes holds an MA in Philosophy, Politics and Economics from Keble College, Oxford. John Garrity John Garrity is Cisco's Global Technology Policy Advisor.
He is responsible for policy engagement and datadriven analytical research on technology issues related to the potential of IT and network connectivity for economic growth, competitiveness, social inclusion,
Previously he was a manager in Cisco's Strategy and Economics group, guiding strategic direction for the Emerging Markets organization, a business unit with geographic market coverage across 130 countries.
He holds a Master in Applied Economics from Ohio State university. Ferry C. Grijpink Ferry C. Grijpink is a Principal in Mckinsey's Singapore office He focuses on advising telecommunications clients on strategy and technology topics in Europe, Africa, and Asia.
Before that, he worked for some 20 years in senior positions in the United nations. The author of numerous books and articles on international economics, information technology,
and a Phd in Economics from the University of Paris I La Sorbonne. David Meer David Meer is a Partner at Booz
and has been part of Mckinsey's global efforts in regulation, regulatory economics, and stakeholder management for the past five years.
He obtained A BS and an MA in Economics from Los Andes University in Colombia, and an MBA with high honours from Solvay Business school. 2014 World Economic Forum About the Authors The Global Information technology Report 2014 333 Ramez T. Shehadi Ramez T
of Innovation and Competitiveness Fabiana Madsen, Economist and Associate Researcher Samuel Siewers, Bachelor Student in Economics Movimento Brasil Competitivo (MBC) Carolina Aichinger, Project Coordinator
, Assistant professor, School of Government Leonidas Montes Lira, Dean, School of Government China Institute of Economic system and Management, National Development and Reform Commission Chen Wei, Research
Deputy Director and Professor China Center for Economic Statistics Research, Tianjin University of Finance and Economics Bojuan Zhao, Professor Fan Yang, Professor Jian Wang
, Founding Member of the Board of directors Mamuka Tsereteli, Founding Member of the Board of directors Germany WHU Otto Beisheim School of management Ralf Fendel, Professor of Monetary Economics Michael Frenkel
, Professor, Chair of Macroeconomics and International Economics Ghana Association of Ghana Industries (AGI) Patricia Addy, Projects Officer Nana Owusu-Afari, President Seth Twum
-Sayer, Committee member Kyrgyz Republic Economic policy Institute Lola Abduhametova Program Coordinator Marat Tazabekov, Chairman Lao PDR Enterprise & Development Consultants Co.,Ltd Latvia Stockholm School of economics in Riga Karlis Kreslins, EMBA Programme
Manager of Economic policy Erdenejargal Perenlei, Executive director 2014 World Economic Forum Partner Institutes The Global Information technology Report 2014 339 Montenegro Institute for Strategic Studies
University of Dakar Diop Ibrahima Thione, Director Serbia Foundation for the Advancement of Economics (FREN) Aleksandar Radivojevic, Project Coordinator Bojan Ristic, Researcher Jelena Zarkovic
, Economic policy Spain IESE Business school, International Center for Competitiveness María Luisa Blázquez, Research Associate Antoni Subirà, Professor Sri lanka Institute of Policy Studies of Sri lanka
, Executive secretary Rene van Essen, Director Dayenne Wielingen Verwey, Economic policy Officer Swaziland Federation of Swaziland Employers and Chamber of commerce Mduduzi Lokotfwako
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