and action plan to foster digital entrepreneurship This report has been prepared for the European commission DG Enterprise and Industry April 2013 2 Content Content...
benchmark analysis of existing schemes and policies to boost digital entrepreneurship...38 The European policy background...
45 3 Entrepreneurship 2020 Action Plan...46 Small Business Act for Europe (SBA...47 European E-business Support Network for SMES...
According to the 2012 Eurobarometer Survey on Entrepreneurship, which examines the motivation, choices, experiences and obstacles linked to self employment
and supply of digital technologies and creating economies of scale. 5 Digital entrepreneurship embraces all new ventures
Over the following chapters it examines the challenges and barriers of each of the five pillars for digital entrepreneurship,
and efforts are being made to foster digital entrepreneurship. However, despite these efforts, there are still many barriers
when establishing the policy background for digital entrepreneurship. Pillar 1 Increase industry digital transformation In order to increase the take-up of digital technologies and intensify the digitisation process in Europe's economy
The extent to which enterprises currently cooperate differs across Member States 21 According to the 2012 Eurobarometer Survey on Entrepreneurship,
entrepreneurship is regarded very highly in Denmark, Ireland and Finland, with 74, %68%and 67%respectively of citizens questioned having a favourable image of entrepreneurs.
Entrepreneurship in the EU and beyond; Deloitte analysis Additionally, there is too often a stigma attached to failure in the EU. According to Figure 11,50%of the EU participants agreed that
Amongst its Member States, those in Ireland, the UK and Scandinavian countries countries which also have a positive image of entrepreneurship are more likely to start-up a business even
and positively changing the perception of digital entrepreneurship into a desirable and reasonable career choice.
Entrepreneurship in the EU and beyond; Deloitte analysis However, it must be remembered that not all European citizens are born natural entrepreneurs.
an entrepreneurial mind-set is lacking in Europe as entrepreneurship is too often not fully embedded in education and training provision.
According to the 2012 Eurobarometer Survey on Entrepreneurship, illustrated in Figure 13,50%of EU respondents agreed that their school education helped them to develop a sense of initiative and some kind of entrepreneurial attitude.
entrepreneurship is too often not embedded in education and training provision. Entrepreneurial education: examples of best practices In Sweden, the region of Halland has managed to boost young people's interest in entrepreneurship in an exemplary way.
Primary and secondary schools offer entrepreneurship classes, students are given the chance to participate in businesslike projects
and numerous teachers are trained to pass on entrepreneurial skills. As a result, 44%of young people in the region aged 18-30 now want to become self-employed, a record across the whole of Sweden.
http://www. regionhalland. se/In Denmark, the Foundation for Entrepreneurship-Young Enterprise aims to strengthen Denmark's competitiveness
and to position the country as one of the most leading European countries with regard to intrapreneur-and entrepreneurship.
By influencing the interest in entrepreneurship, independence, and innovation at all levels of the Danish education system,
Despite this gain, too little action is being taken by Member States to promote entrepreneurship as a desirable career path upon graduation
Changing mindset and aspirations towards entrepreneurship are crucial to achieving this and can be supported by promoting internships
it is important to note that supporting a change in mind-set towards entrepreneurship should not be limited to formal education
and support services targeted at the needs of adults too. 28 Figure 13 Entrepreneurship and the educational system:
Entrepreneurship in the EU and beyond; Deloitte analysis Statistics on the number of ICT graduates in the EU are showing that,
"Moreover, the Entrepreneurship 2020 Action Plan14 proposes to consider initiatives which would remove barriers to entrepreneurship,
Entrepreneurship 2020 Action Plan: reigniting the entrepreneurial spirit in Europe 15 COM (2013) 151 final.
Additionally, the Entrepreneurship 2020 Action Plan on Entrepreneurship invites Member States to assess the need of amending current national financial legislation with the aim of facilitating new
benchmark analysis of existing schemes and policies to boost digital entrepreneurship To understand what actions can be initiated both by public and private sector in order to boost digital entrepreneurship, digital and entrepreneurial policies and schemes
According to this analysis digital entrepreneurship is in most cases determined by a combination of key factors illustrated in Figure 18
In Sweden, for instance, for a long time entrepreneurship was not something‘admirable'.'However, by the end of the 1990s, the success of a number of start-ups had a profound effect on entrepreneurship
and helped break the stigma Swedish society associated with start-ups. As a result, entrepreneurship became‘hot'in Sweden with digital icons such as Niklas Zennström (Skype)
and Daniel Ek (Spotify) putting entrepreneurial success in the picture and promoting entrepreneurship as a desirable career choice.
At European level, however, limited action is taken currently to celebrate those success stories or to strengthen awareness campaigns more. 27 Deloitte (2013).
the impact of new ICT developments in the global business landscape-Benchmark analysis. See also annex. 38 Figure 18 Overview of key success factors boosting digital entrepreneurship Source:
Deloitte benchmarking analysis As there is no one single factor able to explain the success of digital entrepreneurship in a particular country, region or city,
in order to encourage entrepreneurship and create a successful start-up ecosystem. As illustrated in Figure 19, policy makers can approach digital entrepreneurship in three different ways, i e.:
a hands-on, hidden hand or hands-off approach. Figure 19 Potential role of policy makers Source:
Singapore & U k. Hidden hand Entrepreneurship and a start up culture have been accelerated by sometimes unintended nonmarket actions Examples:
and start-ups This direct and active government involvement has been key for Singapore's success Sweden Entrepreneurship
and outward looking as from the very beginning Entrepreneurship is supported by several agencies; although direct involvement is limited rather Berlin Because of a low cost of living
the Commission will propose a Directive on network and information security. 6. For Entrepreneurship, Digital jobs and Skills,
The Entrepreneurship Action Plan is a blueprint for decisive action to unleash Europe's entrepreneurial potential,
and to foster the culture of entrepreneurship in Europe. The Entrepreneurship Action Plan proposes three areas for immediate intervention:
1. Entrepreneurial education and training to support growth and business creation. 2. Strengthening framework conditions for entrepreneurs by taking actions in six areas:
and second chances for honest entrepreneurs Regulatory burden reduction. 3. Making the culture of entrepreneurship in Europe more dynamic by nurturing the new generation of entrepreneurs.
In addition to those initiatives, a number of specific actions are taken within the Entrepreneurship 2020 Action Plan to enhance trust towards online trade, i e.:
and to improve the overall approach to entrepreneurship: 1. Create an environment in which entrepreneurs and family businesses can thrive
and entrepreneurship is rewarded. 2. Ensure that honest entrepreneurs who have faced bankruptcy quickly get a second chance. 3. Anchor the'Think Small First'principle in policy making,
Between 2008 and 2010, Member States achieved good results in boosting entrepreneurship and promoting SMES as shown by the following examples relating to the first principle‘promoting entrepreneurship':
'Entrepreneurship programmes were introduced to foster the entrepreneurial attitudes and skills of young people and to make them aware of the possibility of starting an enterprise.
In Member States such as Denmark, The netherlands, Sweden and the UK, entrepreneurship education became the object of a coherent national strategy.
Some Member States are involved in national or European programmes encouraging female entrepreneurship. To encourage Member States to step up their efforts to promote
and support entrepreneurship and SMES, a review of the SBA was initiated in February 2011. In order to reflect current economic developments,
bring the SBA into alignment with the priorities of the Europe 2020 47 strategy and continuously improve the business environment for SMES,
which target digital entrepreneurship and aim to contribute to the realisation of EU's ambition to accelerate the transformation of the European business landscape through the use of digital technologies.
Receiving input about innovative ideas for the promotion of the digitisation of industrial sectors is important for the increase of actual entrepreneurship related to digital applications.
MEDIUM HIGH 52 ACTION 4 Awareness campaign on digital entrepreneurship Launch an awareness campaign on digital entrepreneurship to identify
Organisation of yearly events on entrepreneurship targeting digital entrepreneurship. Promotion of awareness campaigns through: -An EU-wide portal with information on entrepreneurial events across Member States.
launch supportive programs and schemes or celebrate success stories in the field of digital entrepreneurship.
ACTION 5 Mentoring and networking platforms Create industry specific digital entrepreneurship mentoring and networking platforms to
Sharing information about new technologies, success stories of fostering digital entrepreneurship, available skills and experts in the market 2 Impact:
ACTION 8 Embedding entrepreneurship in education Strengthen the development of the European reference framework on embedding entrepreneurship in education (especially in the fields of science, technology,
Description Strengthen the ongoing development of policy guidance on entrepreneurship education, announced in the Rethinking Education Communication and providing rationale,
advice and practical examples to policy makers on why and how to effectively embed entrepreneurship education across education and training systems.
Supporting schools to incorporate entrepreneurship in their curriculum e g. distribution of teaching materials funding of pilots, promotion of best practices through various channels and promotion of partnerships with businesses.
Introduction of specific topics on entrepreneurship in the curricula of universities and colleges e g. enhance business games
Provision of training and awareness sessions for teachers on entrepreneurship. Build awareness amongst heads of schools,
The EC could foster this through the development of a European reference framework that will embed entrepreneurship into education.
This can involve the introduction of entrepreneurship subjects in the curriculum not only of universities and colleges but also of schools,
at the same time, updating the knowledge of teachers with respect to entrepreneurship and the educational approach to entrepreneurship in secondary education.
) Description Promoting entrepreneurship as a desirable career path in the EU by offering students and graduates alternatives to the classic route (i e. working at‘traditional'companies Encourage higher education to invite start-ups and entrepreneurs to career fairs.
or young potential entrepreneurs can boost entrepreneurship. The role of universities and colleges, on the one hand, and that of existing companies, on the other hand, are both crucial.
entrepreneurially-minded people can prove key in promoting entrepreneurship. 3 Impact: LOW Effort: LOW 56 ACTION 10 Europe Entrepreneurs'Visa Act Initiate‘Europe Entrepreneurs'Visa Act'towards Member States in order to attract talent outside the European union
or make them more targeted for digital entrepreneurship. ACTION 13 Promote use of existing financial instruments Promote the use of existing European financial instruments and initiatives such as Horizon2020, the European Investment Fund,
promote and support best practices on tax incentives for digital entrepreneurship to encourage more people to reinvest their gains in the digital business (cfr.
ACTION 17 Monitor the evolution of digital entrepreneurship Establish a digital entrepreneurship scorecard and monitor the evolution of digital entrepreneurship across Member States:
perceptions and aspirations towards digital entrepreneurship, the quantity and quality of digital and e-leadership skills, entrepreneurial talent, access to finance, etc.
and measure in a systematic way the evolution of key trends in digital entrepreneurship, including:
-The evolution of the digital entrepreneurial culture, the perception of and expectations from digital entrepreneurship.
European commission Member States Private partners Digital entrepreneurship is developing fast and will continue to do so in the decades to come.
and evolutions in the digital entrepreneurship landscape is going to be crucial. This need for monitoring will be important
Member States and in the private sector to foster digital entrepreneurship and do business in the digital age.
in order to coordinate and leverage the different programmes and policies aimed at fostering digital entrepreneurship, comprising DG Enterprise,
and the private sector and which are focusing on fostering digital entrepreneurship and doing business in the digital age.
related to the promotion of an entrepreneurship culture, have, in general, a relatively high estimated impact. Potential Impact Pillar 1:
campaigns 2 Reinforcing existing industry clusters 3 Encouraging industry-specific digital solutions distribution platforms 4 Awareness campaign on digital entrepreneurship 5 Mentoring
and networking platforms 6 Erasmus for young entrepreneurs 7 Open data initiatives 8 Embedding entrepreneurship in education 9 Encourage students
Monitor the evolution of digital entrepreneurship 18 Leverage the national‘Points of Single Contact'19 Monitoring,
Create a digital entrepreneurial culture (4) Awareness campaign on digital entrepreneurship Launch an awareness campaign on digital entrepreneurship to identify
and networking platforms Create industry specific digital entrepreneurship mentoring and networking platforms to which experts from various industries can subscribe as a mentor (cfr.
Startup Britain's Local Champions)( 8) Embedding entrepreneurship in education Strengthen the development of the European reference framework on embedding entrepreneurship in education (especially in the fields of science, technology,
promote and support best practices on tax incentives for digital entrepreneurship to encourage more people to reinvest their gains in the digital business (cfr.
Boost digitally powered Single Market (17) Monitor the evolution of digital entrepreneurship Establish a digital entrepreneurship scorecard and monitor the evolution of digital entrepreneurship across Member States:
perceptions and aspirations towards digital entrepreneurship, the quantity and quality of digital and e-leadership skills, entrepreneurial talent, access to finance, etc.
Member States and in the private sector to foster digital entrepreneurship and do business in the digital age.
and efforts are being made to foster digital entrepreneurship. However, despite these efforts, there are still many barriers
when establishing the policy background for digital entrepreneurship. These barriers have been identified according to five different pillars:
launching awareness campaigns on digital entrepreneurship, the use of open data, promotion of existing financial instruments and leveraging the national Points of Single Contact are classified as‘quick win'projects.
In general, policy actions related to the promotion of an entrepreneurship culture have estimated the highest impact. As the process of digitisation evolves and matures,
Entrepreneurship 2020 Action Plan: reigniting the entrepreneurial spirit in Europe-COM (2012) 750. Annual Growth Survey 2013-COM (2012) 669.
Entrepreneurship 2020 Action Plan. Reigniting the entrepreneurial spirit in Europe-European commission (2013. European Semester 2013 Thematic Fiche-Digital Agenda:
Entrepreneurship in the EU and beyond-European commission (2010. A Digital Agenda for Europe-European commission (2010.
zzfostering entrepreneurship in Germany by continuing to develop the range of information and advisory services available to people starting new businesses,
and grew out of the youth employment and entrepreneurship initiative between ITU and Telecentre. org Foundation.
The partnership seeks to advance youth employability, entrepreneurship, and social inclusion by addressing challenges surrounding integrating young people into the employment market, highlighting innovative approaches and uses of ICTS,
This report aims to cast a spotlight on an area that offers promising solutions-digital jobs and entrepreneurship opportunities.
Recognizing that entrepreneurship can be a viable career option, many governments are enacting policies aimed at encouraging more graduates to become job creators, not job seekers.
and I am delighted that this report was developed in response to the Youth employment and Entrepreneurship initiative between ITU and Telecentre. org Foundation.
job matching services, entrepreneurship courses, contests, and even start-up funding. The private sector is behind many of these resources, with government and nonprofit organizations playing important roles as well.
I am pleased that BDT has made these resources available to youth worldwide in our new Youth employment and Entrepreneurship Resources Database at www. itu. int/ITU-D/youth.
and reshaping pathways for employment and entrepreneurship. It is a dynamic environment where governments and other stakeholders need to be more adept at developing
15 4 New employment and entrepreneurship opportunities Emerging sectors...17 4. 1 Online job services and job matching...
Innovative ICT solutions for youth employment vi Page 6 Entrepreneurship skills and support...35 6. 1 Entrepreneurship skills...
36 6. 2 Mentoring and networking...38 6. 3 Crowdfunding, contests, and other sources of capital...
60 8. 5 Policies to support youth entrepreneurship...61 9 Conclusion...62 References...64 Glossary...
and entrepreneurship skills and seize new ICT-enabled career prospects? is there need for action when the market is creating new opportunities for people with ICT skills,
It is hoped that this database will provide youth with a valuable asset in their efforts to secure meaningful employment and entrepreneurship opportunities.
Chapters 5 and 6 discuss the skills needed to take advantage of the new opportunities, with Chapter 5 looking at employability skills and Chapter 6 focusing on entrepreneurship skills as well as programs that foster entrepreneurship.
Chapter 8 discusses the role of government in supporting youth employment and entrepreneurship. Chapter 9 offers some concluding thoughts. 1. 2 Notes and limitations Each one of these chapters could occupy many books,
and entrepreneurship For purposes of this report a World bank categorization is applied. It includes wage employment, self employment, and farming.
Under this categorization, entrepreneurship is a form and subset of self employment. Self employment, though, can be a double-edged sword.
Entrepreneurship, on the other hand, adopts Schumpeter's idea of an entrepreneur as one who is dynamic and willing to take risks to exploit existing business opportunities
The Global Entrepreneurship Monitor4 the largest ongoing global study of entrepreneurial dynamics in the world measures the multiple phases of entrepreneurship.
In addition, the broader society can influence the spread of entrepreneurship through perceptions about this activity as a career choice,
the status of entrepreneurs in society and positive representation of entrepreneurs in the media. 5 This report focuses on the early stages of entrepreneurship. 2 Youth
10.1596/978-0-8213-9575-2. 4 Global Entrepreneurship Monitor, GEM 2011 Global Report,(Babson Park, Mass:
measures multiple phases on entrepreneurship, sponsored by Babson college (USA), Universidad del Desarrollo (Chile) and Universiti Tun Abdul Razak (Malaysia).
it aims to analyse the level of entrepreneurship occurring in a wide basket of countries.
It measures entrepreneurship through both surveys and interviews to field experts, conducted by the teams of each country. 5 World bank.
Innovative ICT solutions for youth employment 17 4 New employment and entrepreneurship opportunities Emerging sectors The increasing adoption of ICTS in everyday life,
This chapter explores a range of emerging opportunities involving ICTS and youth employment and entrepreneurship. First, the ways in which young people find work through digital job matching services is covered,
and repaired serve as many people's first interactions with technology as well as a huge source of employment and entrepreneurship.
language training, especially English. 6 Entrepreneurship skills and support It is recognized widely that entrepreneurship is a necessary ingredient for stimulating economic growth and employment opportunities around the world.
The Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) estimated that 388 million entrepreneurs were engaged actively in starting and running new businesses in 2011 around the globe,
Entrepreneurship, Emprendimiento, Ujasiriamali The importance of entrepreneurship is being elevated around the world. Governments, multinational corporations,
and NGOS are joining forces to promote entrepreneurship as a strategy for economic development. It is becoming easier for entrepreneurs to find the information they need to start their own businesses,
but a few examples of the new national priority that governments are assigning to entrepreneurship. Over 120 countries now participate in Global Entrepreneurship Week activities promoted by the Kauffman Foundation.
As a result, young people everywhere are participating in pitch fests, competitions, startup events and other activities sponsored by local governments, NGOS and the private sector. 125 Maria Garrido and Nancy Garland,"e-Skills and employability:
Technology & Social Change Group, 2007), http://hdl. handle. net/1773/16291.126 Global Entrepreneurship Monitor, 2011 GEM Global Report.
business accelerators and incubators. 129 While the excitement around entrepreneurship is unmistakeable, it is also important to temper expectations as there is no definitive evidence that entrepreneurship will solve the job situation faced by youth in the developing world.
It is early days, and proper assessments of programmes and initiatives are required further down the line.
Entrepreneurship education and start-up support contribute to the creation and development of entrepreneurial attitudes, motivations and skills needed to successfully run
and grow a business. 130 6. 1 Entrepreneurship skills Many factors are required for successful entrepreneurship.
Most important are entrepreneurship skills and competences. 131 Motivated people need the right set of skills to identify entrepreneurial opportunities
Good Practices in Local Youth Entrepreneurship Support,"(OECD Local Economic and Employment Development (LEED) Working papers 11,2010), www. oecdilibrary. org/content/workingpaper/5km7rq0k8h9q
www. bioscience. heacademy. ac. uk/resources/entrepreneurship/skills. aspx 133 An ihuber is a person who frequents the IHUB co-working space and business incubator in Nairobi, Kenya
which brings together the Caribbean's technology and entrepreneurship communities. Many organizations also sponsor networking events, such as pitch fests139 and Barcamps,
Build Your Business (BYB) is an interactive entrepreneurship training course designed to introduce young people aged 16-35 to the basic ideas, actions,
including entrepreneurship skills, ICT training, apprenticeships, business training, funding and/or mentorship, among others. These comprehensive programmes offer integrated services for young entrepreneurs with the aim of facilitating as much as possible the arduous process of starting a new business.
employment and entrepreneurship. Through Youthspark, Microsoft will dedicate the majority of its cash contributions to nonprofit organizations that serve the youth population around the world.
the ihub has created an ecosystem that connects people and fosters entrepreneurship. Website: www. ihub. co. ke 7. 3. 2 Hacker/maker spaces Another type of space is the hackerspace, or makerspace.
entrepreneurship training. 170 As described elsewhere in this report, private and public entities have stepped up to offer mobile learning programs in numerous languages across all continents.
employment, and entrepreneurship. The examples are the result of a combination of factors: deliberate, and in some cases unanticipated, multi-sectoral (governments, private sector,
Innovative ICT solutions for youth employment 57 This chapter looks at the role of governments in advancing policies, programmes and strategies for youth employment and entrepreneurship.
and entrepreneurship opportunities. 8. 1 ICTS in education The opportunities for learning and innovating with ICTS are immeasurable,
as well as in a vast array of emerging areas from microwork to green jobs to accessibility solutions for persons with disabilities. 8. 5 Policies to support youth entrepreneurship Entrepreneurship has become a policy priority
and sustain youth entrepreneurship initiatives. Examples of strategies that have proven effective include: Develop a culture of entrepreneurship by providing appropriate training that encompasses innovation, personal development, leadership and practical business skills.
Ensure training opportunities can be accessed through formal and non-formal channels. Ensure access to business, legal and related information to help new entrepreneurs in the early stages of their business development.
and entrepreneurship are characterized by rapid change and innovation. Mainstream economic sectors from agriculture to healthcare are witnessing an explosion of new ICT-enabled applications,
and positioned to seize new employment and entrepreneurship opportunities? The report has outlined a number of strategies pertaining to the role of government.
Policies and programmes to support entrepreneurship require another level of dedication. This ranges from creating favourable conditions for start-ups such as ease of business registration and access to low-interest loans,
Community organizations also have an important role to play in equipping youth with the relevant skills and connecting them to employment and entrepreneurship opportunities.
and support governments in implementing youth employment and entrepreneurship strategies, while development agencies and foundations can provide financial support and expertise.
Global Entrepreneurship Monitor. 2011 GEM Global Report. Babson Park, Mass: Babson college, 2011 www. gemconsortium. org/about. aspx?
Good Practices in Local Youth Entrepreneurship Support.""OECD Local Economic and Employment Development (LEED) Working papers 11 (2010.
Real social entrepreneurship should be measured by its ability to create shared value, not just social benefit.
and a growing number are drawn to social entrepreneurship. The results have been missed opportunity and public cynicism.
and environmental sphere (Social Economy & Social Entrepreneurship, 2013). The Innovation Union supports social innovation,
why it matters and how it can be accelerate, University of Oxford, Skoll centre for social entrepreneurship, Murray, R.,Caulier-Grice, J.,Mulgar, G.,(2010).
In this sense, social entrepreneurship and the cooperative movement of the'60s can be seen as important examples of social innovation too.
and distributed digital ecosystems to foster grassroots social innovation and entrepreneurship. The alternative is to accelerate innovations that align the capacities of the Internet better to social needs
DSI should also create new specific instruments for social entrepreneurship. SUPPORT TO SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURS & START-UPS Development and entrepreneurship programmes In public institutions there are examples such as the New york city Economic Development Agency
and in particular its entrepreneur programme34 Very similar to this is the example of Barcelona Activa, which is the local agency for employment and economic growth for the area of Barcelona35.
INCUBATORS & ACCELERATORS Mechanisms that foster social entrepreneurship such as incubators, accelerators or other intermediary platforms are necessary to provide resources in different phases of the development of DSI.
They represent a novel contribution to advancing social entrepreneurship around the world helping young companies,
These indicators now include innovative entrepreneurship and innovation in firms, universities and public research institutes,
15 3. Social entrepreneurship, social enterprises, social economy: what is the difference? 2. Upscale social innovation into public policies 17 1. 1. Evaluating social innovation 17 2. 2. Social policy experimentation 18 3. Examples of social
Stimulating innovation, entrepreneurship and the knowledge-based society is at the core of the Europe 2020 Strategy.
but also at the level of policy making. 3. Social entrepreneurship, social enterprises, social economy: what is the difference?
The term social entrepreneurship is used to describe the behaviours and attitudes of individuals involved in creating new ventures for social purposes,
just like for social innovation, see also the chapter on Social Entrepreneurship and Social Innovation in the OECD study"SMES, entrepreneurship and Innovation,
and stakeholders. 42 The social economy and social entrepreneurship are also a tool for social inclusion.
http://ec. europa. eu/enterprise/policies/sme/promoting-entrepreneurship/socialeconomy/social-enterprises/index en. htm 30 generate rental income that cross subsidises their other operations
the ESF can mobilise extra funds targeted at the development of the social economy and the promotion of social entrepreneurship and easily accessible for social enterprises.
://antropia. essec. fr/)is an incubator for social enterprises run by the Institute of Innovation and Social Entrepreneurship of the ESSEC business school in Île-de-France60.
and promotion of projects promoting a sustainable economy driven by innovative entrepreneurship, which creates value for people and planet.
Results based entrepreneurship in The netherlands Implementation stage Results Based Entrepreneurship (RBE) aims at stimulating technological and social innovation within SMES.
thematic objective (3) on enhancing the competitiveness of SMES mentions the investment priorities (a) promoting entrepreneurship,
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