In this stage, profitability often takes a back seat particularly so for Frontier companies that display a classic J-curve of operating losses in their first few years.
And in the past, companies like Microsoft, Apple or Intel have reshaped profoundly whole industries and their ecosystems even shortly after their founding.
The group of entrepreneurs in this sample was judged by a panel of highly acclaimed business leaders, using the criteria of entrepreneurial spirit, innovation, personal integrity, financial performance, future plans and strategic direction, employee retention and employment practices, market impact, community impact
Past winners of the award include Scott Mcnealy of Sun microsystems (1987), Michael Dell of Dell computer (1989), Herb Kelleher of Southwest Airlines Corporation (1990), Howard Schultz of Starbucks
yields to a slightly lower Roa but arguably the future outlook from those higher growth rates will be worth the short-term sacrifice.
and has made them a core principle of their operating model. High-impact Entrepreneurs Who Transform Industries 11 Magic johnson:
IBM or Apple) and those that fizzle out after having achieved dominance in one category (e g.,
, DEC or Silicon graphics. In presenting those life stages, we are of course keenly aware that no single approach will fit all companies
a technology company (its core is a realtime GPS location-based matching and pricing engine),
and securing core customer relationships remains the main channel for impact. An often-overlooked avenue here is to partner with larger firms or incumbents,
Working capital management is a core focus for future investment. Expectation for private equity/VC to drive capital for future expansion Focus on domestic markets in current operations Similar to Young companies,
They'll be custom-made by in-store computers, cutting back on transportation. This has huge ramifications relating to the future of our business,
putting at risk its outlook for productivity, growth, human capital development and job creation. This report, part of the World Economic Forum's Fostering Innovation-driven Entrepreneurship in Europe project, examines
Three core factors to foster entrepreneurial culture The decision to become an entrepreneur or join an innovative entrepreneurial venture is complex. 13 This analysis focuses on three categories of individual factors that were highlighted in interviews and workshops:
and operate a business is an important complement to the attitude of risktaking and perseverance that successful entrepreneurs display.
In software, you find Criteo, Unity and Openx. Since Skype, the speed at which Europe is generating billion-euro companies has been dramatically increasing.
Matthias Ummenhofer, Head, Venture capital, European Investment Fund Figure 13: New Venture Funds Raised in Europe by Investors,
Increased demand for collateral after the economic crisis restricts access to bank loans for entrepreneurs The European Small Business Finance Outlook 2013
Antony Jenkins, Chief executive officer, Barclays Microsoft is actively working to provide opportunities for European SMES and start-ups by providing access to digital tools,
Chairman, Europe, Microsoft Corporation Benefit for large corporates Benefit for entrepreneurs Risk to one or both partners Company shares in high-potential entrepreneurial ventures Access
I Foster a collaborative culture and organization Steer and monitor degree of openness Attract partners Develop brand for mutually beneficial collaborations Make systematic use of networks to create awareness for own offerings
considering their capacity to manage collaborations without compromising their core fields of work. Developing culture and organization Fostering a collaborative culture and organization Both a soft cultural and a hard organizational component need to be considered:
the camera or the memory card without having to change the entire phone. The approach was made open-source,
Miles Kirby, Managing director of Qualcomm Ventures, responsible for investments in Western and Eastern europe To systematically foster collaboration between large companies and entrepreneurs we have to start with specific topics e g. 3d printing around
61 ABB delivers multi-standard 50 kw fast chargers for electric vehicles and industry-leading software solutions for remote servicing.
The growth outlook and ambitiousness of enterprises is expressed by entrepreneurs'expectations concerning the increase in employee numbers as well as their ambitions on the international market.
Innovation policies are at the core of this process. The government support system for enterprises is easy and simple to use,
Among the innovation-driven economies in the EU-28, The netherlands is the most entrepreneurial economy in terms of new and nascent entrepreneurship according to the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor.
and regions. 64 This section presents an overview of the core ideas within the focus,
and outlook required to become a serial entrepreneur. Among Europeans, 45%have thought never of starting a business;
and a change of outlook among the top management. What might these changes look like over the next 20-30 years?
See Silicon valley Bank (2013), Start-up outlook report. 13. For a general and extensive assessment on entrepreneurs and business-building, see Tjan, Harrington and Hsieh (2012), Heart, Smarts, Guts, and Luck:
GEM Consortium (2013), Global Entrepreneurship Monitor. 15. Diedrichs, E. 2013), Do SMES lose their appetite for innovation during the economic crisis?
which provide insights on two core questions: 1) What do entrepreneurs perceive to be the difference between entrepreneurial ecosystems around the globe in terms of the availability of the various pillars that make up an ecosystem?
Manager, International R&d Management, Laundry and Home Care The Lisbon Council Ann Mettler, Executive director Microsoft Jan Muehlfeit, Chairman, Microsoft Europe Royal DSM
and Clément Gignac, Senior vice-president and Chief Economist, Industrial Alliance Insurance and Financial services, Canada as well as Council member Orlando Ayala, Chairman of Emerging Markets, Microsoft Corporation, USA, sparked the idea
Stephanie Heier, Director of Emerging Markets, Microsoft Corporation, USA and her colleagues, who collaborated with Orlando Ayala on mini case studies from Latin america, Africa and China;
and to today's world of satellites, ever more powerful computers, mobile communications and the internet enabling the city to make better use of technology than any other location.
Vital lessons from nationallevel core competitiveness are adapted for city competitiveness, and vice versa. Thus, several of the report's 12 pillars of competitiveness are drawn upon.
Hard connectivity is the core physical infrastructure connecting people to energy, water and other services.
It can be looked to as an example of how it is possible for manufacturing cities to find a second life through innovation and new technology.
Sony and Siemens. The state of Jalisco holds 24%of the software development market, 34%of the high tech industry and 56%of the electronic industry in Mexico.
Beyond manufacturing, the city has attracted many software companies which cluster around its world-class schools and universities,
what even modestly sized cities from former centrally planned areas can do with good leadership to develop new manufacturing, trade, software, culture and tourism industries,
000 new jobs through the establishment of the 53-hectare Casanearshore, a home to firms specializing in software development, infrastructure management, back-office banking,
Companies such as Bose and Intel have taken advantage of this. Institutional, supply-chain and other efficiencies have cut factory build-times to 10 months from the roughly 24 months it took in the early 2000s.
It is based on the core values that Dubai has established as a society, being sophisticated traditional, tolerant with style and charisma,
including social ethics such as public conduct related to appropriate dress code and display of affection; substance abuse; safe driving;
Dynamic Random access memory DRAM; petroleum refining; and ship repair, which started in the late 1960s) Phase 3 (late 1980s and 1990s):
The core economic problem is sluggish productivity: total-factor-productivity growth has declined since the 1980s.
But the government's overall record puts it in good stead to tackle at least some of these policy challenges though it is unlikely to structurally alter the role of the public sector in the economy. 3. Hard connectivity Singapore has a strong, consistent emphasis on core physical infrastructure.
avoiding a panel of parallel planes, frameworks or actions, but having a unique, integrated and systemic framework to work in a convergent, complete context;
49.3%owned a computer. 4. Strategic soft connectivity In 2013, Nuevo León had 91 universities, some of them ranking among the best in Mexico.
openness and innovation represent the core values or spirit of Ningbo, and the internal force of the development of the city.
new energy, software and service outsourcing, medical and healthcare equipment, and other emerging industries have not yet been developed on any large scale.
and printing mills and 41,100 power loom units Surat produces 9 million metres of fabric annually,
A How-to-Reform, Whatto-Reform Checklist Institutions (governance or decision-making framework) Display leadership and vision have farsighted a clear
Complements, Not Substitutes Public authorities have to play a leading role in establishing a city's core physical infrastructure its hard connectivity.
and find a way to pay for core infrastructure. But the rest of the city's (expanding) space was allowed to grow organically.
Billions of sensors, screens and devices in conference rooms, living rooms, cars, phones, parks and many other spaces are forming a vast network
In the United states, Portland (home to Nike) and the Seattle area (home to Microsoft Amazon and Starbucks) are other North american examples.
and Financial services, Canada Deborah L. Wince-Smith, President, Council on Competitiveness, USA Members Orlando Ayala, Chairman, Emerging Markets, Microsoft Corporation, USA Jon
This case study was written by Stephanie Heier, Director, Emerging Markets, Microsoft Corporation, USA, and associates, with Orlando Ayala, Chairman, Emerging Markets, Microsoft Corporation, USA, a Member of the Global Agenda Council on Competitiveness. 11.
Ibid. 12. This case study was written by Kevin X. Murphy. 13. This case study was written by Margareta Drzeniek Hanouz, Director and Lead Economist,
Associate Nepal Centre for Economic Development and Administration (CEDA) Ramesh Chandra Chitrakar, Professor, Country Coordinator and Project Director Ram Chandra Dhakal, Executive director and Adviser
Moreover, the strained geopolitical scenarios with rising tensions in a number of regions can also have negative consequences for the global economic outlook.
To a large extent, the improvement of the global economic outlook has been the result of bold monetary policies carried out by the Federal reserve
they could cause a great deal of disruption in the highly interdependent, global macroeconomic outlook. Finally, one of the legacies of the economic crisis is the acceleration of income inequality in many 2014 World Economic Forum 1. 1:
The risks to the global economic outlook remain very real. Past measures, mainly based on expansionary monetary policies, have helped to temporarily avoid a deeper recession and set the foundations for the global recovery in the short term.
Third, think hard connectivity the city's core physical infrastructure. Cities need a mix of planning and organic growth,
It monitors key trends, identifies global risks, charts relationships, addresses gaps in knowledge and recommends ways to address global challenges.
Orlando Ayala, Chairman, Emerging Markets, Microsoft Corporation, USA; Jon Azua, President and Chief executive officer, Enovatinglab, Spain;
which has led some rating agencies to downgrade the outlook of this Nordic economy. More precisely, Finland suffers from higher,
along with a better macroeconomic performance with a sharp reduction in the budget deficit, have resulted in this more positive outlook despite its very high levels of government debt.
Competitiveness is at the core of this strategy. However, Myanmar's challenges are many and the road to prosperity will be a challenging one.
The need to stabilize its macroeconomic outlook and ease the flow of financing toward productive investments will be crucial to allow the country to recover the ground lost since the beginning of the crisis. On a more positive note,
such as the World Economic Outlook series. 2 IMF 2014d. Table 1: Rankings of the 20 largest emerging economies on selected components of the GCI Public institutions Market competition Labor market efficiency GCI 2014 2015 rank Country 2014
African Economic Outlook 2014: Value Chains and Africa's Industrialisation. Available at http://www. africaneconomicoutlook. org/en/.
World Economic Outlook: Recovery Strengthens, Remains Uneven, April. WASHINGTON DC: IMF. Available at http://www. imf. org/external/Pubs/ft/weo/2014/01/..
Regional Economic Outlook: Sub-saharan africa: Fostering Durable and Inclusive Growth, April. WASHINGTON DC: IMF. Available at http://www. scribd. com/doc/220088938/IMF-Regional-Economic-Outlook-Sub-Saharan-Africa-Fostering-Durable-and-Inclusive-Growth-April-2014..
2014c. World Economic Outlook Database, April. Available at http://www. imf. org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2014/01/weodata/index. aspx..
2014d. World Economic Outlook: The July 2014 Update. Available at http://www. imf. org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2014/update/02/.
/Kaplan, D. 2009. Job creation and Labor Reform in Latin america. Journal of Comparative Economics 37 (1): 91 105.
IMF World Economic Outlook Database April 2014. GDP per capita (PPP $), 2013 (log) scale GCI 2014 2015 score (1 7) 2014 World Economic Forum The Global Competitiveness Report
World Economic Outlook Database, April. Available at http://www. imf. org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2014/01/weodata/index. aspx.
putting poverty eradication at the core of the SDGS but also recognizing that changing unsustainable and promoting sustainable patterns of consumption
These indicators include measurements of social participation and respect for core human rights, as well as discrimination and the treatment of minority populations and additional environmental indicators.
Nordic countries also continue to perform well overall and display specific areas of improvement. Finland, despite an inclusive social system and a track record of managing resources responsibly, has to address a rather high level of youth unemployment (approximately 19 percent
In OECD Environmental Outlook to 2050: The Consequences of Inaction. OECD Publishing. 275 332. Ostry, J. D.,A. Berg,
African Economic Outlook online statistics (retrieved March 21, 2014; Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), Society at a Glance 2014;
International monetary fund, World Economic Outlook database, April 2014 edition. Note: Not all charts are drawn to scale.*
More specifically, for each country we compute the year-on-year difference, d, in the average score of a core set of 62 Survey questions.
These 123 core questions are all numerical questions of sections II through XI. 6 Practically
all data in the Key indicators'section are sourced from the April 2014 edition of the International monetary fund (IMF)' s World Economic Outlook (WEO) Database:
The chart on the upper right-hand side displays the evolution of GDP per capita at purchasing power parity (PPP) from 1990 through 2013 (or the period for which data are available) for the economy under review (blue line.
International monetary fund, World Economic Outlook Database (April 2014 edition; national sources 2. 2: Data Tables 400 The Global Competitiveness Report 2014 2015 2014 World Economic Forum 2. 2:
International monetary fund, World Economic Outlook Database (April 2014 edition; national sources 2. 2: Data Tables 400 The Global Competitiveness Report 2014 2015 2014 World Economic Forum RANK COUNTRY/ECONOMY VALUE 1 China...
International monetary fund, World Economic Outlook Database (April 2014 edition; national sources 2. 2: Data Tables The Global Competitiveness Report 2014 2015 401 2014 World Economic Forum RANK COUNTRY/ECONOMY VALUE 1 Luxembourg...
International monetary fund, World Economic Outlook Database (April 2014 edition; national sources 2. 2: Data Tables 402 The Global Competitiveness Report 2014 2015 2014 World Economic Forum RANK COUNTRY/ECONOMY VALUE 1 United states...
International monetary fund, World Economic Outlook Database (April 2014 edition) 2. 2: Data Tables The Global Competitiveness Report 2014 2015 403 2014 World Economic Forum 2014 World Economic Forum Pillar 1 Institutions Data
International monetary fund, World Economic Outlook Database (April 2014 edition; national sources 2. 2: Data Tables 438 The Global Competitiveness Report 2014 2015 2014 World Economic Forum RANK COUNTRY/ECONOMY VALUE 1 Timor-Leste1...
International monetary fund, World Economic Outlook Database (April 2014 edition; World bank, At-a-Glance Table; Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), Economic Outlook 2014;
national sources 1 2011 2 2012 2. 2: Data Tables The Global Competitiveness Report 2014 2015 439 2014 World Economic Forum RANK COUNTRY/ECONOMY VALUE 1 Ireland...
International monetary fund, World Economic Outlook Database (April 2014 edition; national sources NOTE: For inflation rates between 0. 5 and 2. 9 percent, a country receives the highest possible score of 7. Outside this range,
International monetary fund, World Economic Outlook Database (April 2014 edition) and Public Information Notices (various issues; African Development Bank, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD),
and United nations Development Programme, African Economic Outlook 2014; national sources 1 2012 2. 2: Data Tables The Global Competitiveness Report 2014 2015 441 2014 World Economic Forum RANK COUNTRY/ECONOMY VALUE 1 Norway...
International monetary fund, World Economic Outlook Database (April 2014 edition; national sources 1 2011 2 2012 2. 2:
International monetary fund, World Economic Outlook Database (April 2014 edition; national sources 2. 2: Data Tables 516 The Global Competitiveness Report 2014 2015 2014 World Economic Forum RANK COUNTRY/ECONOMY VALUE 1 Hong kong SAR...
International monetary fund, World Economic Outlook Database (April 2014 edition; national sources 1 2011 2 2012 2. 2:
International monetary fund, World Economic Outlook Database (April 2014 edition; World Economic Forum's calculations. For more details about the treatment of Hong kong SAR and Taiwan (China), refer to the section Technical Notes and Sources. 2. 2:
International monetary fund, World Economic Outlook Database (April 2014 edition; national sources 0. 02 Population Total population in millions 2013 Sources:
International monetary fund, World Economic Outlook Database (April 2014 edition; national sources 0. 03 GDP per capita Gross domestic product per capita in current US dollars 2013 Sources:
International monetary fund, World Economic Outlook Database (April 2014 edition; national sources 0. 04 GDP as a share of world GDP Gross domestic product based on purchasing power parity as a percentage of world GDP 2013 Sources:
International monetary fund, World Economic Outlook Database (April 2014 edition) Pillar 1: Institutions 1. 01 Property rights In your country, how strong is the protection of property rights,
but excludes mobile broadband subscriptions via data cards or USB modems. Subscriptions to public mobile data services
This is a core Government Finance Statistics (GFS) balance that measures the extent to which the general government is
International monetary fund, World Economic Outlook Database (April 2014 edition; national sources 3. 02 Gross national savings Gross national savings as a percentage of GDP 2013 or most recent year available Aggregate national savings
International monetary fund, World Economic Outlook Database (April 2014 edition; World bank, At-a-Glance Table; Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), Economic Outlook 2014;
national sources 3. 03 Inflation Annual percent change in consumer price index (year average) 2013 For inflation rates between 0. 5 and 2. 9 percent,
International monetary fund, World Economic Outlook Database (April 2014 edition; national sources 3. 04 Government debt Gross general government debt as a percentage of GDP 2013 or most recent year available Gross debt consists of all
International monetary fund, World Economic Outlook Database (April 2014 edition) and Public Information Notices (various issues; African Development Bank, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD),
and United nations Development Programme, African Economic Outlook 2014; national sources. 2014 World Economic Forum Technical Notes and Sources 540 The Global Competitiveness Report 2014 2015 3. 05 Country credit rating Institutional
International monetary fund, World Economic Outlook Database (April 2014 edition; national sources 6. 15 Degree of customer orientation In your country, how well do companies treat customers?
USB modems, mobile hotspots, and other mobile broadband connected devices. Source: International Telecommunication Union, World Telecommunication/ICT Indicators 2014 (June 2014 edition) Pillar 10:
International monetary fund, World Economic Outlook Database (April 2014 edition; national sources 10.04 Exports as a percentage of GDP Exports of goods and services as a percentage of gross domestic product 2013 Total exports is the sum of total exports of merchandise and commercial services.
International monetary fund, World Economic Outlook Database (April 2014 edition; national sources Pillar 11: Business sophistication 11.01 Local supplier quantity In your country, how numerous are local suppliers?
International monetary fund, World Economic Outlook Database (April 2014 edition; World Economic Forum's calculations 2014 World Economic Forum 2014 World Economic Forum The Global Competitiveness Report 2014 2015 547 About the Authors Beñat
Taylor (TIBCO) 1. 6 Rebalancing Socioeconomic 67 Asymmetry in a Data-Driven Economy Peter Haynes (Atlantic Council) and M-H. Carolyn Nguyen (Microsoft
circuit switching to packet switching, fixed connectivity to mobile connectivity, dedicated resources to virtual ones, data traffic to voice and video traffic, PC connections to any-device connections,
and developing a platform optimizing computing to scaling applications and decoupling them from the server or data center in
As in previous years, the Middle east and North africa depicts a highly diversified outlook in terms of the capacity of countries to leverage ICTS to boost competitiveness and well-being.
and use heterogeneous computer systems. With such safeguards in place, it is difficult to attack many different types of data at once,
and get to the core of understanding big data's risks and rewards. Rebalancing Socioeconomic Asymmetry in a Data-Driven Economy Chapter 1. 6, contributed by Peter Haynes of the Atlantic Council
and M-H. Carolyn Nguyen at Microsoft, explains that an increasing amount of data is being generated by individuals who are handing potentially valuable information to commercial enterprises in exchange for free services.
Google uses big data to predict the next wave of influenza. 2 IBM uses data to optimize traffic flow in the city of Stockholm,
these cover not only affordable ICT infrastructure but also digital resources, including software and skills. Moreover, ICT impacts can arise
and the efficiency of the lawmaking process) as well as more ICT-specific dimensions (the passing of laws related to ICTS and software piracy rates).
international Internet bandwidth, secure Internet servers, and electricity production) as well as the accessibility of digital content.
individuals using the Internet, households with a personal computer (PC), households with Internet access, both fixed and mobile broadband subscriptions,
Improving the already very high number of Internet users (29th) or households with a personal computer and Internet access (11th) to the level of some Nordic countries, coupled with reducing the cost of accessing fixed broadband Internet (now at 87th),
with nearly all individuals having access to a computer (1st) with an Internet connection at home (3rd),
and more than 90 percent have access to a personal computer (5th) and Internet (4th) at home. In addition, the country benefits from a stable pro-business and innovation environment (6th) and a government that is aware of the importance of ICTS for the economic and social development of a geographically vast nation with a widely dispersed population.
almost the entire population has access to a computer and an Internet connection at home and uses the Internet;
or owning a computer with an Internet connection at home. The effort to upgrade the digital capacity of the country has been led by a strong government vision (27th) that recognizes the importance of promoting ICTS to diversify an economy that
Although a link between this improvement and its current economic outlook cannot be established, renewed business confidence in the political environment may have contributed to this progress.
In terms of readiness, China is making an effort to improve its infrastructure, with augmented production of electricity and higher international Internet bandwidth capacity and server security.
where the capacity of secure Internet servers (105th) and electricity production (104th) remain insufficient to sustain future ICT development.
However, the low usage of the Internet (112th) and the scarce availability of personal computers (103rd) and home Internet connections (117th) still reflect gaps in the fulfilment of Indonesia's ICT agenda.
the number of secure Internet servers also increases but remains low (108th). However, the most worrisome signals of insufficient progress on the digital agenda come from the lack of skills buildup,
while the numbers of Internet users (12.6 percent), households with a personal computer (10.9 percent), and mobile broadband subscriptions (5 percent) are disappointing (all ranking below the 102nd position).
and in individual uptake (77th) with a larger number of Internet users (66th) and households with a personal computer (74th) and an Internet connection (75th) have allowed for this positive result.
or has a computer with an Internet connection at home. Improving the economic impacts (70th) accruing from a higher use of ICTS will require resolving some important weaknesses in the innovation system,
only around 10 percent of households have a computer (113th) or an Internet connection (103rd. Weaknesses in the innovation and entrepreneurial environment (110th) and a fairly low skills base (98th) also affect the capacity of the country to fully achieve the potential benefits accruing from ICTS.
THE MIDDLE EAST AND NORTH AFRICA As in previous years, the region depicts a highly diversified outlook in terms of the capacity of countries to leverage ICTS to boost competitiveness
Around three-quarters of the country's households count on a personal computer (21st and Internet connection (29th) at home and are Internet users (31st),
and households having access to a computer (8th) and Internet connection (10th), which has become almost 2014 World Economic Forum The Global Information technology Report 2014 29 1. 1:
and have access to a personal computer at home (18th); government services are largely available online (9th)
the number of households with a personal computer (3rd) is similar to that of the Nordic countries.
White paper, sponsored by Oracle and Intel. London, New york, Hong kong, and Geneva: The Economist Intelligence Unit.
Understanding the IBM Approach to Traffic Management. Redguides for Business leaders. IBM. Available at http://www. redbooks. ibm. com/redpapers/pdfs/redp4737. pdf. 2014 World Economic Forum 2014 World Economic Forum The Global Information technology
Report 2014 33 1. 1: The Networked Readiness Index 2014 This appendix presents the structure of the Networked Readiness Index 2014 (NRI.
As explained in the chapter, the NRI framework separates environmental factors from ICT readiness, usage, and impact.
in settling disputes*c 1. 05 Efficiency of legal system in challenging regulations*c 1. 06 Intellectual property protection*1. 07 Software piracy rate,
%software installed 1. 08 Number of procedures to enforce a contractd 1. 09 Number of days to enforce a contractd 2nd pillar:
/s per user 3. 04 Secure Internet servers per million population 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*4th pillar:
Individual usage 6. 01 Mobile phone subscriptions per 100 population 6. 02 Percentage of individuals using the Internet 6. 03 Percentage of households with computer 6. 04
Sensors embedded in agricultural fields monitor temperature and moisture levels, controlling irrigation systems. Devices in oil fields and deep well rigs track all aspects of drilling
The Colossus was able to process data at 5, 000 characters per second (25 Kb/s). 7 Currently the world's fastest supercomputer,
Proprietary data networks such as Appletalk and IBM Systems Network architecture (SNA) have migrated to IP over time,
see also note 4 at the end of this chapter. 2 Leber 2012.3 IBM Software 2012.4 Danahy 2009; Fehrenbacher 2009.5 Lopez 2013.
Requirements differ for closed critical networks (such as utilities) and open networks (for example, those that may monitor parking space availability),
Constraints on the technological limits of electrical efficiency and on computer memory and processing already pose limits to computing and data analysis.
For example, the app economy the business created by software applications running on smartphones has created hundreds of thousands of jobs. 21 One recent study estimates that the marginal impact of data utilization in the Ioe could raise US gross domestic product
The Internet of Everything 40 The Global Information technology Report 2014 2014 World Economic Forum 3 IBM 2013.4 Gantz and Reinsel 2012.
IBM. 2013. Website. Big data. Available at http://www. ibm. com/bigdata/us/en/./IBM Software. 2012.
Managing Big data for Smart Grids and Smart Meters. IBM White paper. Somers, NY: IBM Corporation. Available at ftp://public. dhe. ibm. com/software/pdf/industry/IMW14628USEN. pdf. Leber, J. 2012.
Big Oil Goes Mining for Big data. MIT Technology Review, May 8. Available at http://www. technologyreview. com/news/427876/big-oil-goes-mining-for-big data/.
/Lopez, M. 2013. GE Speaks on the Business Value of the Internet of things. Forbes. com, May 10.
Available at http://www. forbes. com/sites/maribellopez/2013/05/10/ge-speaks-on-the-business-valueof-the-internet-of-things.
Mandel, M. 2013. Can the Internet of Everything Bring back the High-Growth Economy? Policy Memo, September.
Supercomputer Sites. http://www. top500. org/system/177999, accessed October 4, 2013. The Global Information technology Report 2014 41 1. 2:
Andrew Mcafee and Erik Brynjolfsson explored the impact of big data on corporate performance. The authors interviewed executives in 330 publicly traded companies in the United states. They then examined relevant performance data,
Mcafee and Brynjolfsson's conclusions were remarkable for establishing a connection between big data and performance:
The Internet and mobile devices play a major role in this development. This new ad tech world will be dominated by those major players that possess the most comprehensive data about consumers
Omnicom and Publicis believe that their combined size will produce the desired volume of Data general Electric (GE) provides a prominent example of a product organization placing great faith in big data.
but hosted on servers in the United states, which privacy law applies? Legal inconsistency between countries can even inhibit free commerce across borders.
NOTES 1 IBM, no date. What Is Big data? 2 Constine 2012.3 Aberdeen Group 2013.4 Mcafee and Brynjolfsson 2012, p. 6. 5 Gartner 2013.6 The New york times 2012.7 ITP. net 2013.8 The Economist
Intelligence Unit 2013.9 This chapter contains examples from many clients whose identities are stated not due to confidentiality reasons. 10 Munford 2013.11 Catts 2012.12 In the UK,
IBM. No date. What Is Big data? Available at http://www. ibm. com/big data. ITP. net. 2013.
DWTC to Highlight Big data at GITEX: Event Organiser to Host First Ever Big data Conference on October 22, September 29.
Mcafee, A. and E. Brynjolfsson. 2012. Big data: The Management Revolution. Harvard Business Review, October. Available at http://hbr. org/2012/10/big data-the-management-revolution.
and because they can be produced automatically by computers without human intervention. One major concern with these new data commons is that they can endanger personal privacy.
and promote operational efficiency through an analysis of Côte d ivoire's public transportation system by IBM's Dublin laboratory.
In this data commons, the data were processed by advanced computer algorithms (e g.,, sophisticated sampling and the use of aggregated indicators)
The use of both advanced computer algorithms and contract law to specify and audit how personal data may be used
and test trust-network software such as the openpds system by deploying a set of personal data services designed to enable users to collect,
using many different types of computer systems and encryption. Similarly, human resources should be organized into cells of access
Both computer and human resources should always be fragmented redundant and in order to avoid overly powerful central actors.
and that also have heterogeneous computer and encryption systems, are hard to attack, both physically as well as through cyberattack.
In short, one can use metadata about metadata in order to monitor the use of metadata, and with some reasonable confidence one can ensure that only normal and usual analysis operations are being conducted without reference to specific content.
Governments that structure their data resources in this manner can more easily monitor attacks and misuse of all sorts.
and use heterogeneous computer systems. With such safeguards in place, it is difficult to attack many different types of data at once,
Examples of this type include the global positioning system (GPS) device that reports location back to a central computer or a user,
but are controlled increasingly computer. Those computer controls mean not only that data are constantly being fed into machines
but that they are also coming out of machines at a quickly increasing rate. We have reached a point of information discovery that reveals correlation before causation,
far faster than we can by sifting through numbers on a screen. If a picture is worth a thousand words
and governments as well as for the software companies that sit in the middle, confronted with inconsistent norms and laws across different locations in the world.
The first example of that sophistication is on display at a major network of hospitals in the Midwest to address the problem of sepsis the systemic infection of the body which is a constant threat to hospitalized patients.
along with data coming from mobile devices. That information is vitally important to knowing not only how to provide information
Organizations that manage big data have an obligation to monitor security device, server, and application logs, all of which generate machine data that provide insight into how,
Server logs also provide indications of who accessed data and how these data were used, affording critical oversight into potential illegal or unethical access and use of data.
Microsoft It is more than half a century since economist Fritz Machlup, in his book The Production and Distribution of Knowledge in the United states, 1 developed the concept of the knowledge economy,
and Development (OECD) shows how rapidly the combination of personal computers, digital telecommunication devices, and the Internet impacted economic growth in the early years of that troika.
And a 2002 OECD study demonstrated that corporate investment in networked computer systems is associated consistently with increased labor productivity for example,
The rest of this chapter will focus on some core challenges that the authors believe could be particularly problematic
Research sponsored by Microsoft and published last year by the International Institute of Communications found that, among other things,
As the computer scientist Jaron Lanier has observed, T he dominant principle of the new economy, the information economy, has lately been to conceal the value of information.
Data controllers and processors can more easily understand and comply with permissions and policies defined for specific data.
IOS Press Ebooks. 227 42. Available at http://ebooks. iospress. nl/publication/35146. OECD (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.
Networked sensors and software embedded in devices and appliances are further energy generators, as are the growing volumes of media content.
These sources of data do not even include the billions of individuals around the world generating the same fuel on their smartphones, personal computers, and laptops.
Mckinsey defines it as datasets so large that typical database software tools are unable to capture,
One company orders software from another, which in turn uses a third company as a contractor,
Proposal for a Regulation of the European parliament and of the Council on the Protection of Individuals With regard to the Processing of Personal data and on the Free Movement of such Data general Data protection Regulation), COM (2012) 11 final.
and Computer (ENIAC) computer to make the first successful numerical weather prediction. 8 Moreover, the term big data is ambiguous,
As pointed out by the Software and Information Industry Association, transformative data can be big
Paypal has developed a system that screens payments and combines them with IP ADDRESSES, browser information, and other technical data to identify
NOTES 1 Gray 2013.2 The Economist 2013a.3 Mayer-Schonberger and Cukier 2013.4 OECD 2013.5 IBM 2013.6 Manyika et al. 2011.7 The Old Farmer's Almanac, no date
Computer (IEEE Computer Society) 46 (6): 25 31. Hilbert, M. 2013. Big data for Development: From Information-to Knowledge Societies.
IBM. 2013. The IBM Big data Platform. New york: IBM Corporation. Available at http://public. dhe. ibm. com/common/ssi/ecm/en/imb14135usen/IMB14135USEN. PDF. Lu, X.,L. Bengtsson,
and P. Holme. 2012. Predictability of Population Displacement after the 2010 Haiti Earthquake. PNAS 109 (29 july 17.
Available at http://www. pnas. org/content/early/2012/06/11/1203882109. full. pdf+html. Mandel, M. 2012.
Beyond Goods and Services: The (Unmeasured) Rise of the Data-Driven Economy. Progressive Policy Institute, Policy Memo.
Available at http://www. transparencypolicy. net/assets/FINAL UTC TRANSITTRANSPARENCY 8%2028%202012. pdf. SIIA (Software and Information Industry Association.
The total market for big data hardware, software, and services in 2012 was US$11. 5 billion,
and could have been analyzed automatically for example, a spreadsheet quantifying customer returns of different products at different stores over time.
and is a top-level Apache project (Apache is decentralized a community of developers supporting open-source software).
R is a free software programming language and software environment for statistical computing and graphics. The R language is used widely among statisticians and data miners for developing statistical software and data analysis.
Sqoop: A tool facilitating the transfer of data from relational databases into Hadoop. Zookeeper: A centralized service for maintaining configuration information, naming, providing distributed synchronization,
embedded systems (examples include microwave sensors and chips inserted in automobiles), transactions logs (such as payment transactions), radio-frequency identification chips (RFID), navigation and location sensors, networks, and servers.
Streaming data, such as computer network data, phone conversations, and so on. Documents and content, such as PDFS, web content,
the investments required for scaling technologies (such as processors, storage, database management systems, and analytics) to perform efficiently grow even faster.
it probably makes sense to use only purpose-built hardware. Generic servers may be fine for smaller projects and proofs of concept
but specifically designed, enterprise-grade servers, storage, and networking products are best for large-scale-production solutions.
Creating or upgrading to big data ready technology architecture is no small feat. Building everything from scratch takes time,
Every team member business analyst, programmer, data scientist, and data visualizer will need to have cross-functional familiarity.
A global corporation offering computer-assisted legal research services uses a big data technology platform it has developed in house both for its risk management business
Available at http://my. gartner. com/portal/server. pt? open=512&obji D=202&mode=2&pageid=5553&ref=webinar-rss&resid=2569818.
*114.2.9 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...77.75 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
76.17.4 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...85.19.0 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%58.54.7 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%95.20.0 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%87.20.5 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*114.2.9 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...77.75 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
76.17.4 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...85.19.0 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%58.54.7 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%95.20.0 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%87.20.5 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*145.2.2 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...95.84 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
99.7.7 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...128.1.3 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%113.15.2 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%90.24.2 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%91.19.4 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*137.2.4 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...n/a n/a 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
142.0.6 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...110.3.5 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%109.16.9 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%118.8.5 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%115.7.2 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*139.2.3 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...69.69 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
67.22.0 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...62.41.8 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%54.55.8 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%58.56.0 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%58.47.5 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*75.3.6 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...101.88 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
47.40.4 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...72.26.9 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%84.39.2 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%79.34.0 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%81.25.4 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*21.5.3 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...5...23 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
33.69.1 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...8..1, 724.5 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%18.82.4 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%17.85.2 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%17.81.4 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*17.5.5 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...5...23 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
17.108.1 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...16.1,134 134. 7 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%21.81.0 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%22.81.0 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%20.79.0 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*69.3.7 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...100.87 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
45.40.6 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...101.6.5 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%59.54.2 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%67.45.0 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%61.46.8 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*32.4.8 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...44.54 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
74.18.1 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...45.135.8 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%10.88.0 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%3...92.7 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%20.79.0 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*130.2.6 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...104.90 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
128.3.0 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...136.0.7 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%128.6.3 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%130.4.8 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%133.3.2 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*37.4.5 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...n/a n/a 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
34.67.4 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...30.374.3 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%32.73.3 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%41.69.2 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%44.62.9 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*22.5.2 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...7...24 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
11.180.4 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...22.673.6 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%19.82.0 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%25.80.0 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%23.78.0 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*101.3.1 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...n/a n/a 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
126.3.2 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...137.0.7 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%136.3.8 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%131.4.2 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%139.2.4 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*44.4.1 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...n/a n/a 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
124.3.3 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...88.12.1 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%100.25.4 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%101.16.4 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%102.11.6 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*98.3.2 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...83.79 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
113.5.2 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...94.9.7 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%91.34.2 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%88.25.9 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%107.10.0 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*135.2.5 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...62.66 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
65.23.9 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...74.25.8 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%40.65.4 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%73.39.8 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%70.39.7 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*47.4.1 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...87.80 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
104.6.5 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...89.11.5 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%121.11.5 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%109.12.3 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%110.9.1 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*80.3.5 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...40.53 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
41.44.8 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...59.54.3 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%65.49.8 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%65.49.9 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%62.45.4 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*39.4.4 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...65.67 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
48.39.9 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...50.111.6 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%48.60.3 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%14.86.9 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%30.72.4 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*104.3.0 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...61.64 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
25.85.4 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...43.164.1 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%55.55.1 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%61.52.0 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%55.51.0 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*88.3.4 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...n/a n/a 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
139.1.8 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...139.0.6 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%138.3.7 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%135.3.4 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%134.2.8 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*142.2.3 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...n/a n/a 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
123.3.5 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...144.0.3 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%146.1.2 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%147.0.1 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%146.0.1 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*99.3.2 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...n/a n/a 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
89.13.6 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...113.3.0 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%131.4.9 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%128.5.4 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%127.3.9 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*100.3.2 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...93.83 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
146.0.3 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...130.1.2 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%129.5.7 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%119.8.3 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%129.3.5 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*13.5.6 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...14.27 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
18.100.5 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...15.1,233. 4 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%12.86.8 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%15.86.6 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%16.83.0 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*105.3.0 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...n/a n/a 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
106.6.3 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...75.24.3 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%89.34.7 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%87.26.5 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%97.13.7 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*144.2.2 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...n/a n/a 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
144.0.5 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...n/a n/a 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%141.2.1 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%139.2.5 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%140.2.3 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*60.3.8 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...53.61 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
46.40.5 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...54.82.2 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%45.61.4 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%60.53.7 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%63.45.3 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*53.3.9 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...80.77 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
125.3.3 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...111.3.1 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%78.42.3 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%70.40.9 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%72.37.4 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*95.3.2 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...40.53 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
68.20.4 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...70.28.4 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%66.49.0 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%74.38.4 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%75.32.1 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*59.3.8 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...50.58 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
59.29.9 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...52.94.9 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%68.47.5 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%66.49.0 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%59.47.3 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*123.2.7 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...89.81 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
78.17.0 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...125.1.5 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%139.2.4 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%141.2.3 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%144.1.3 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*81.3.5 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...40.53 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
60.28.7 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...36.245.1 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%44.63.0 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%42.68.0 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%39.66.0 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*40.4.4 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...34.48 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
32.69.7 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...20.786.5 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%47.61.0 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%39.70.0 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%45.62.0 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*61.3.8 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...20.35 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
19.100.1 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...27.518.6 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%28.75.0 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%34.75.0 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%33.71.0 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*26.5.0 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...7...24 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
12.174.8 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...5..2, 214.3 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%4...93.0 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%4...92.2 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%6...92.0 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*107.3.0 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...78.76 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
84.14.9 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...78.23.0 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%74.45.0 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%96.19.8 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%99.13.7 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*79.3.6 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...67.68 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
55.31.8 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...79.22.1 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%88.35.1 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%82.32.2 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%84.22.5 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*94.3.2 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...53.61 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
117.4.2 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...107.3.7 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%75.44.1 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%76.37.9 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%74.32.3 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*112.2.9 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...87.80 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
101.6.9 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...81.20.6 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%99.25.5 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%102.15.3 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%95.15.0 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*31.4.8 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...34.48 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
62.26.5 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...23.660.0 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%25.79.0 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%31.76.0 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%26.75.0 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*85.3.5 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...n/a n/a 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
115.4.8 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...145.0.2 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%144.1.5 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%143.2.1 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%141.1.9 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*1...6. 2 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...10.25 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
14.159.3 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...10.1,612. 6 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%7...91.0 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%10.88.0 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%13.87.0 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*12.5.7 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...22.37 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
26.83.9 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...28.409.0 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%17.83.0 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%22.81.0 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%19.80.0 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*131.2.6 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...n/a n/a 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
108.5.5 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...90.11.0 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%126.8.6 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%114.10.1 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%113.7.9 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*43.4.2 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...n/a n/a 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
133.2.1 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...106.3.9 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%120.12.4 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%122.7.4 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%116.6.7 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*124.2.7 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...107.91 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
40.52.9 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...73.25.9 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%71.45.5 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%80.32.7 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%76.32.0 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*14.5.6 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...12.26 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
30.74.8 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...18.1,090. 9 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%16.84.0 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%12.87.0 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%15.85.0 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*56.3.9 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...n/a n/a 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
147.0.2 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...114.3.0 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%107.17.1 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%107.13.8 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%105.11.0 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*70.3.7 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...53.61 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
35.64.2 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...42.168.3 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%53.56.0 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%56.57.4 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%51.54.0 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*111.2.9 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...83.79 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
102.6.6 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...86.14.1 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%111.16.0 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%97.19.2 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%109.9.3 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*143.2.2 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...n/a n/a 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
134.2.1 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...143.0.4 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%143.1.5 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%144.2.1 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%145.1.3 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*84.3.5 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...n/a n/a 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
98.8.4 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...102.6.3 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%93.33.0 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%92.22.9 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%85.20.6 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*147.2.0 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...n/a n/a 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
148.0.2 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...123.1.7 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%125.9.8 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%123.7.3 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%131.3.4 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*103.3.1 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...75.73 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
118.4.2 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...95.9.5 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%105.18.1 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%104.15.1 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%100.13.2 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*10.5.7 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...30.43 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
2..1, 426.6 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...24.636.7 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%33.72.8 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%24.80.3 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%22.78.6 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*58.3.9 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...28.41 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
83.15.3 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...35.247.2 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%34.72.0 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%38.71.0 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%35.69.0 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*29.4.8 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...34.48 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
5...319.0 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...1..3, 139.3 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%1...96.2 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%2...96.0 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%2...95.0 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*71.3.7 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...58.63 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
111.5.3 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...108.3.6 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%119.12.6 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%112.10.9 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%108.9.5 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*55.3.9 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...98.86 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
77.17.1 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...105.3.9 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%112.15.4 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%103.15.1 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%117.6.5 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*122.2.8 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...n/a n/a 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
121.3.7 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...127.1.3 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%98.26.0 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%77.37.0 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%78.26.5 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*19.5.4 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...19.34 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
20.97.1 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...19.1,003. 1 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%25.79.0 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%19.83.0 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%18.81.0 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*34.4.6 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...17.31 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
39.56.2 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...29.396.4 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%31.73.4 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%21.82.1 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%29.73.4 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*67.3.7 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...34.48 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
28.76.3 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...39.208.1 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%51.58.0 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%44.67.0 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%43.63.0 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*83.3.5 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...n/a n/a 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
69.20.2 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...60.51.3 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%70.46.5 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%81.32.6 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%82.23.0 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*11.5.7 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...3...21 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
52.32.8 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...21.750.0 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%24.79.1 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%26.80.0 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%14.86.0 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*36.4.6 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...50.58 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
112.5.2 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...69.29.3 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%81.41.0 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%59.54.6 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%64.43.6 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*73.3.6 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...78.76 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
54.32.0 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...98.7.4 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%61.53.3 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%49.63.0 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%53.52.6 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*86.3.4 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...81.78 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
66.23.7 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...103.4.2 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%95.32.1 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%113.10.8 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%103.11.5 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*48.4.0 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...25.40 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
63.25.8 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...3..2, 751.6 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%15.84.1 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%20.82.3 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%1...97.4 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*62.3.8 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...52.59 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
109.5.4 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...41.179.0 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%23.79.2 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%35.75.0 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%40.65.2 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*140.2.3 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...n/a n/a 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
120.3.9 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...104.4.1 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%101.21.7 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%124.6.9 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%118.6.3 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*64.3.8 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...n/a n/a 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
96.9.4 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...133.0.9 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%123.10.7 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%117.8.7 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%121.5.1 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*51.4.0 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...44.54 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
38.59.0 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...33.274.5 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%30.74.0 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%39.70.0 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%35.69.0 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*136.2.4 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...71.71 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
71.18.4 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...61.48.6 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%46.61.3 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%27.79.7 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%42.64.0 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*92.3.3 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...n/a n/a 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
105.6.3 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...141.0.5 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%133.4.6 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%126.5.9 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%128.3.7 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*68.3.7 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...n/a n/a 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
135.2.0 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...131.1.2 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%137.3.8 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%145.2.0 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%143.1.5 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*146.2.2 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...104.90 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
88.14.0 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...121.1.8 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%115.14.0 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%98.17.6 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%98.13.7 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*66.3.7 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...44.54 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
29.76.2 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...34.273.0 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%38.68.0 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%47.64.0 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%45.62.0 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*6...5. 9 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...2...20 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
1..4, 088.5 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...6..1, 983.3 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%6...92.0 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%5...92.0 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%4...93.0 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*54.3.9 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...62.66 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
58.30.8 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...63.39.4 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%43.63.1 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%55.58.4 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%49.56.8 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*108.2.9 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...n/a n/a 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
143.0.5 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...140.0.5 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%142.2.1 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%138.2.9 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%136.2.7 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*89.3.4 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...n/a n/a 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
129.2.8 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...134.0.9 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%134.4.4 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%132.4.0 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%120.5.5 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*30.4.8 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...47.55 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
79.16.4 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...57.65.7 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%39.65.8 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%45.66.9 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%41.64.7 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*127.2.7 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...n/a n/a 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
110.5.3 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...132.1.0 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%140.2.2 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%121.7.7 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%137.2.5 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*28.4.9 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...30.43 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
3...625.8 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...9..1, 627.8 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%36.70.0 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%30.78.0 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%24.77.0 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*132.2.5 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...n/a n/a 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
127.3.0 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...120.1.8 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%130.5.4 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%134.3.7 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%130.3.4 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*49.4.0 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...48.57 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
80.16.1 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...46.134.7 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%80.41.4 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%71.40.6 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%65.42.0 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*77.3.6 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...48.57 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
81.15.7 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...71.28.1 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%85.38.4 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%83.32.2 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%79.26.0 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*125.2.7 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...104.90 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
23.94.2 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...77.23.0 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%77.43.4 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%68.44.5 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%65.42.0 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*134.2.5 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...n/a n/a 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
22.94.3 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...84.19.3 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%110.16.4 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%84.30.3 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%96.14.0 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*76.3.6 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...83.79 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
37.60.6 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...67.30.6 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%52.56.8 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%63.51.3 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%50.55.0 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*90.3.3 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...62.66 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
85.14.9 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...109.3.6 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%57.55.0 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%69.43.1 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%71.38.9 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*90.3.3 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...62.66 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
85.14.9 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...109.3.6 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%57.55.0 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%69.43.1 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%71.38.9 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*129.2.7 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...n/a n/a 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
140.1.6 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...124.1.5 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%132.4.8 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%127.5.9 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%124.4.7 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*126.2.7 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...n/a n/a 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
95.9.4 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...146.0.1 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%147.1.1 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%142.2.3 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%142.1.8 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*41.4.3 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...n/a n/a 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
122.3.6 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...82.19.9 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%118.12.9 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%106.14.3 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%101.13.0 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*117.2.9 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...n/a n/a 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
141.1.6 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...116.2.5 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%122.11.1 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%120.7.8 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%126.4.1 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*9...5. 7 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...14.27 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
13.172.9 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...2..2, 803.7 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%4...93.0 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%1...97.2 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%3...94.0 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*3...6. 0 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...4...22 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
56.31.1 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...14.1,466. 0 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%8...89.5 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%9...91.2 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%12.87.4 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*82.3.5 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...83.79 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
64.24.7 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...93.10.3 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%116.13.5 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%115.9.9 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%114.7.4 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*121.2.8 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...91.82 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
145.0.3 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...122.1.7 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%94.32.9 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%111.11.4 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%110.9.1 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*15.5.5 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...14.27 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
10.187.8 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...7..1, 878.9 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%2...95.0 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%5...92.0 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%4...93.0 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*24.5.2 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...53.61 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
97.8.9 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...58.56.1 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%49.60.0 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%50.62.7 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%68.41.9 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*109.2.9 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...98.86 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
100.7.3 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...129.1.3 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%124.10.0 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%108.12.5 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%112.8.3 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*35.4.6 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...72.72 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
57.30.8 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...47.133.9 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%72.45.2 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%75.38.3 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%77.31.6 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*141.2.3 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...93.83 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
92.11.6 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...91.10.9 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%96.27.1 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%89.24.3 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%83.22.8 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*120.2.8 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...65.67 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
91.13.1 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...80.21.7 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%86.38.2 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%85.29.9 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%89.20.2 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*78.3.6 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...70.70 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
86.14.3 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...96.8.6 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%87.36.2 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%100.16.9 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%92.18.9 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*72.3.7 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...40.53 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
31.70.6 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...31.299.6 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%41.65.0 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%37.73.0 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%34.70.0 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*38.4.5 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...25.40 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
8...195.5 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...37.240.9 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%42.64.0 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%46.66.0 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%47.61.0 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*7...5. 9 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...29.42 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
15.136.9 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...49.112.9 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%63.51.4 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%54.60.0 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%48.60.7 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*4...6. 0 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...38.50 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
50.33.2 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...44.140.9 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%9...88.1 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%8...91.5 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%10.88.1 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*110.2.9 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...58.63 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
16.114.9 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...56.66.6 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%64.50.0 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%57.57.0 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%51.54.0 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*113.2.9 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...58.63 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
51.32.8 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...64.38.9 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%62.53.3 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%52.60.6 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%54.51.2 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*33.4.7 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...n/a n/a 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
103.6.6 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...119.2.0 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%127.8.0 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%140.2.4 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%138.2.4 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*27.5.0 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...39.51 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
49.36.4 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...68.30.5 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%60.54.0 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%43.67.7 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%38.66.6 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*96.3.2 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...81.78 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
114.5.1 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...118.2.1 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%103.19.2 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%116.9.0 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%119.5.8 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*115.2.9 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...72.72 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
24.89.6 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...65.37.7 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%67.48.1 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%53.60.3 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%57.48.0 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*46.4.1 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...n/a n/a 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
82.15.6 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...17.1,127. 8 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%69.47.1 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%62.51.9 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%67.41.9 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*87.3.4 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...n/a n/a 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
137.2.0 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...138.0.7 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%145.1.3 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%146.0.8 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%n/a n/a 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*2...6. 1 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...18.33 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
4...387.6 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...25.635.3 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%29.74.2 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%11.87.7 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%11.87.7 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*65.3.7 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...25.40 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
93.11.5 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...38.226.2 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%22.80.0 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%29.79.0 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%25.76.6 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*42.4.2 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...33.46 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
21.94.7 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...26.556.8 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%36.70.0 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%31.76.0 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%28.74.0 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*18.5.5 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...20.35 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
73.18.1 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...53.83.7 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%81.41.0 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%91.23.6 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%80.25.5 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*50.4.0 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...32.44 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
27.81.4 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...32.294.4 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%34.72.0 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%36.74.0 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%37.68.0 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*63.3.8 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...95.84 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
107.6.0 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...97.7.7 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%104.18.3 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%105.15.0 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%106.10.3 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*118.2.9 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...n/a n/a 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
136.2.0 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...66.37.4 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%90.34.7 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%78.34.3 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%88.20.2 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*52.4.0 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...n/a n/a 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
138.1.8 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...100.6.5 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%102.20.8 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%110.11.9 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%104.11.4 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*16.5.5 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...7...24 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
7...279.3 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...11.1,511. 9 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%3...94.0 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%5...92.0 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%6...92.0 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*5...6. 0 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...10.25 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
6...312.0 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...4..2, 282.2 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%13.85.2 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%16.85.8 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%8...90.0 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*23.5.2 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...22.37 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
42.44.3 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...n/a n/a 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%27.76.0 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%33.75.2 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%31.72.2 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*93.3.2 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...n/a n/a 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
119.4.0 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...135.0.8 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%135.4.0 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%136.3.2 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%132.3.3 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*102.3.1 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...72.72 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
61.26.6 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...83.19.6 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%97.26.5 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%86.26.9 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%93.18.4 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*128.2.7 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...n/a n/a 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
75.17.5 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...115.2.6 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%148.0.9 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%n/a n/a 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%n/a n/a 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*91.3.3 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...n/a n/a 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
72.18.4 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...51.96.5 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%50.59.5 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%51.61.0 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%69.40.0 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*97.3.2 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...76.74 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
70.18.7 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...87.13.1 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%79.41.4 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%93.22.8 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%85.20.6 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*74.3.6 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...57.62 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
44.40.6 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...48.116.8 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%73.45.1 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%64.50.2 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%60.47.2 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*119.2.8 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...n/a n/a 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
116.4.7 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...126.1.5 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%114.14.7 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%133.4.0 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%125.4.2 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*133.2.5 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...95.84 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
87.14.1 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...76.23.5 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%92.33.7 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%72.40.5 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%73.36.5 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*20.5.3 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...22.37 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
53.32.4 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...40.183.7 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%14.85.0 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%18.85.0 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%32.72.0 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*8...5. 8 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...12.26 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
9...188.9 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...12.1,478. 3 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%11.87.0 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%12.87.0 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%9...88.6 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*25.5.2 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...1...19 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
36.61.9 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...13.1,474. 1 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%20.81.0 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%28.79.3 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%26.75.0 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*45.4.1 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...67.68 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
43.40.6 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...55.80.4 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%56.55.1 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%48.63.7 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%56.48.4 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*148.1.6 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...101.88 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
94.10.9 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...92.10.7 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%76.44.0 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%94.20.2 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%89.20.2 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*116.2.9 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...89.81 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
90.13.4 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...99.6.7 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%83.39.5 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%99.17.5 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%94.15.6 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*138.2.4 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...103.89 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
130.2.8 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...142.0.5 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%106.17.4 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%129.5.1 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%123.4.7 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*57.3.9 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...91.82 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
131.2.7 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...117.2.3 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%117.13.5 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%137.3.1 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%135.2.8 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*106.3.0 1. 07 Software piracy rate,%software installed...108.92 1. 08 No. procedures to enforce a contract...
132.2.6 3. 04 Secure Internet servers/million pop...112.3.0 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..
%108.17.1 6. 03 Households w/personal computer%..%125.6.5 6. 04 Households w/Internet access%..%122.4.9 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subs./
*261 1. 07 Software piracy rate...262 1. 08 Number of procedures to enforce a contract...
278 3. 04 Secure Internet servers...279 3. 05 Accessibility of digital content*..*280 4th pillar:
293 6. 03 Households with a personal computer...294 6. 04 Households with Internet access...295 6. 05 Fixed broadband Internet subscriptions...
n/a 1. 07 Software piracy rate Unlicensed software units as a percentage of total software units installed 2011 SOURCE:
Business Software Alliance, Shadow Market: 2011 BSA Global Software Piracy Study (ninth edition) 2014 World Economic Forum The Global Information technology Report 2014 263 3:
Data Tables RANK COUNTRY/ECONOMY VALUE 1 Ireland...21 1 Singapore...21 3 Rwanda...23 4 Austria...
n/a 3. 04 Secure Internet servers Secure Internet servers per million population 2012 SOURCES:
International monetary fund, World Economic Outlook (October 2013 edition; World bank, World Development Indicators (December 2013 edition) 1 2009 2 2010 3 2011 2014 World Economic Forum The Global Information technology Report
International monetary fund, World Economic Outlook (October 2013 edition; World bank, World Development Indicators (December 2013 edition) 1 2009 2 2010 3 2011 2014 World Economic Forum 284 The Global Information technology
n/a 6. 03 Households with a personal computer Percentage of households equipped with a personal computer 2012 SOURCE:
World Economic Forum, Executive Opinion Survey, 2012 and 2013 editions 1. 07 Software piracy rate Unlicensed software units as a percentage of total software
units installed 2011 This measure covers piracy of all packaged software that runs on personal computers (PCS),
including desktops, laptops, and ultraportables, including netbooks. This includes operating systems; systems software such as databases and security packages;
business applications; and consumer applications such as games, personal finance, and reference software. The study does not include software that runs on servers or mainframes.
For more information about the methodology, refer to the study available at http://portal. bsa. org/globalpiracy2011/.
/Source: Business Software Alliance, Shadow Market: 2011 BSA Global Software Piracy Study (ninth edition) 1. 08 Number of procedures to enforce a contract Number of procedures to resolve a dispute,
counted from the moment the plaintiff files a lawsuit in court until payment 2013 The list of procedural steps compiled for each economy traces the chronology of a commercial dispute before the relevant court.
A procedure is defined as any interaction, required by law or commonly used in practice, between the parties or between them and the judge or court officer.
This includes steps to file and serve the case, steps for trial and judgment, and steps necessary to enforce the judgment.
International Telecommunication Union (ITU), ITU World Telecommunication/ICT Indicators Database 2013 (December 2013 edition) 3. 04 Secure Internet servers Secure
Internet servers per million population 2012 Secure Internet servers are servers using encryption technology in Internet transactions.
PPP figures were sourced from the World bank's World Development Indicators Online (retrieved December 10, 2013) and the International monetary fund's World Economic Outlook (October 2013 edition.
International monetary fund, World Economic Outlook (October 2013 edition; World bank, World Development Indicators (December 2013 edition) 4. 02 Fixed broadband Internet tariffs Monthly subscription charge for fixed (wired) broadband Internet
PPP figures were sourced from the World bank's World Development Indicators Online (December 2013) and the International monetary fund's World Economic Outlook (October 2013 edition.
International monetary fund, World Economic Outlook (October 2013 edition; World bank, World Development Indicators (December 2013 edition) 4. 03 Internet and telephony sectors competition index Level of competition index for Internet services, international long distance services,
but excludes mobile broadband subscriptions via data cards or USB modems. Subscriptions to public mobile data services, private trunked mobile radio, telepoint or radio paging
International Telecommunication Union (ITU), ITU World Telecommunication/ICT Indicators Database 2013 (December 2013 edition) 6. 03 Households with a personal computer Percentage of households
equipped with a personal computer 2012 The proportion of households with a computer is calculated by dividing the number of households with a computer by the total number of households.
A computer refers to a desktop or a laptop computer. It does not include equipment with some embedded computing abilities such as mobile cellular phones, personal digital assistants (PDAS), or TV SETS.
Advanced Strategies and Research, at Microsoft Corporation, where his focus was on longterm strategy and policy in areas including cybersecurity, big data, the Internet of things,
Mr Grijpink is a member of the core faculty of Mckinsey's leadership program for engagement management.
M-H. Carolyn Nguyen Dr M-H. Carolyn Nguyen is a Director in Microsoft's Technology Policy Group, responsible for policy initiatives in data governance and personal data management.
Prior to joining Microsoft, Dr Nguyen held positions with Research in motion, Avaya Communications, Lucent Technologies, and Bell laboratories.
privacy research, organizational engineering, and wearable computing (Google glass. His research has been featured in Nature, Science, and Harvard Business Review,
Chris Taylor Chris Taylor, Marketing Director, flew for the US NAVY before finding a home in technology and software, first in application and systems development and deployment and then later in management consulting for the finance
Mr Taylor leads TIBCO's industry and customer marketing, where he has the opportunity to dive into the solutions being created using TIBCO software to solve some of the most complex and rewarding global big data integration challenges.
Executive director Nepal Centre for Economic Development and Administration (CEDA) Ramesh Chandra Chitrakar, Professor, Country Coordinator and Project Director Ram Chandra Dhakal, Executive director and Adviser
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