Data also reveals that value of goods and services added per worker is significantly below the national average.
Water conservation will be managed in stages with the collection of data and the modelling of networks in Stage 1
This may involve identifying projects involving collection of baseline data and raising awareness that can inform Climate Change Strategies and other strategic land use plans.
In the absence of such data local authorities should identify these areas using other data from the OPW and existing studies and historical information available and, where necessary, through additional studies or investigation.
Land required for current and future floods management should be safeguarded from development. Allocation of future areas for development as extensions to existing built up areas,
of being based on data that are capable of being collected without undue difficulty and of providing overall guidance to the various bodies that will be charged with the operational implementation of the strategy. 10.3.4 Environmental Indicators In addition to the above,
conduct data gathering and report regularly on review issues aimed at preparing the way for a full review of the guidelines by 2016.
and opens up government owned data to facilitate a knowledge infrastructure, where European citizens can help transform public services. 3. Invest in future infrastructure
Open up government owned data, following the example of data. gov6 and require data to be published in web-enabled formats,
to allow new combinations and empower citizens to co-create new services. This would support the transformation of the public sector by allowing greater public accountability
and citizen engagement and encouraging new ways for people to use the web to support one another.
Incentives and platforms should be supported for data-generators to enable open access. 6 Data. gov has the aim to increase public access to high value,
It encourages users to propose new data sets that should be added. See also the UK Power of Information Taskforce
To promote the opening up of data. Objectives Main stakeholders Catalan public authorities, technology centres, companies, business associations and organisations.
consistent data to enable the review, if necessary, of RIS3CAT programmes, initiatives, instruments and investment. 4. 1. RIS3CAT Steering committee The RIS3CAT Steering committee de RIS3CAT, established by Government Agreement of 17 december 2013,
RIS3CAT communities PECT 4. Governance 61 information and data. Continuous evaluation mechanisms, along with evaluation of real results and impact, provide basic information for monitoring the implementation of the strategy,
To promote the opening up of data. Objectives Main stakeholders Catalan public authorities, technology centres, companies, business associations and organisations.
consistent data to enable the review, if necessary, of RIS3CAT programmes, initiatives, instruments and investment. 4. 1. RIS3CAT Steering committee The RIS3CAT Steering committee de RIS3CAT, established by Government Agreement of 17 december 2013,
RIS3CAT communities PECT 4. Governance 61 information and data. Continuous evaluation mechanisms, along with evaluation of real results and impact, provide basic information for monitoring the implementation of the strategy,
The access to networks with fast and large data transfer capacities and huge databases expanding in a continuous and planned way in international cooperation is increasingly becoming a basic condition of modern scientific activity.
The 4 most important international trends and international comparative data will be presented; and the current situation and trends influencing the development of the Hungarian RI will be presented on the basis of the much more detailed Hungarian time-series.
it already involves databases, gene banks, systems for the transmission and processing of data and digitizers,
The analysis exploring the situation of the Hungarian RI is based partly on the available domestic and international statistical data,
and partly on the data of the RI register created and operated by the NEKIFUT project.
the NEKIFUT database was open to all organisations with a research infrastructure for registration and data supply.
In addition to the NEKIFUT database, we relied on the data available from the KSH to demonstrate the situation;
however, the data sets of the NEKIFUT enable a deeper understanding of the infrastructures and the making of the resulting conclusions. 3. 1. General introduction of the research infrastructure 6 Consultation with the professional community is an essential element of the methodology applied by the NEKIFUT.
which cannot be grasped by means of statistical data. We can conclude that there are still strong efforts for the exclusive use of the infrastructures
In the area of building investments, the data from 2010 and 2012 are outstanding: The HUF 600-900 million expenditure of the previous years increased to over HUF 2. 2 bn in 2010 and then to HUF 5. 7 bn in 2012.
however, that natural and engineering sciences in the data of both Eurostat and the KSH include investments
Own calculations based on KSH data The RI demand of the various disciplines is different, therefore, the amounts spent on investments differ significantly in the total R&d expenditure.
Own calculations based on KSH data Figure 5: Types of R&d investment by branches of science in Hungary, 2007-2012 (thousand HUF) Source:
Own calculations based on KSH data Analysing the natural sciences, the data show that: information technology is the most infrastructure-intensive area in Hungary in terms of the assets,
although it is noted that IT serves a number of disciplines biological sciences are in the second place,
however, the impact of a major investment can be seen clearly in the aggregate data: there were such major building investments in the area of chemistry in 2010 and 2012,
We present the data thereof as follows. Due to its voluntary nature the database is not complete,
The development of the technologies and biological model schemes has resulted in the explosion of data and information, the systematisation and analysis
in addition to and relying on the hypothesisdriven research, data-driven research, namely research based on the collection
and analysis of large amounts of data has become prevalent, and systematic approach and network research are becoming dominant in all branches of biology,
and analysing the data. These research infrastructures often perform these activities in the form of services.
and well-organized easily accessible data and more complete databases, either for the study of culture or the establishment of a policy proposal.
political sciences or economics) are analysing an ever increasing volume of empirical data produced 15 in a standardised manner from samples comprising large numbers of samples,
in order to get information on the national research infrastructures beyond the statistical data. This consultation and its methodology is in accordance with the ESFRI methodology in fact,
data have been requested from the domestic stakeholders identified in respect of the foreign research infrastructures. In addition, criteria facilitating the policy evaluation (determining the policy indicators) of the project have been developed,
and the data of 361 individual RIS being a part of the networks among the SRIS;
Hungary's participation in the international research infrastructures Policy recommendations) Furthermore, the data supplied by over 400 research infrastructures (in early 2014) enabled us to have an up to date picture of the status of the domestic research infrastructure on the NEKIFUT
and the publishing of its data, as well as the performance of related analyses. 5. The vision of research infrastructures As stated above,
which can be determined also on the basis of statistical data it is reasonable to analyse the infrastructures of the various fields of science separately by disciplines the infrastructure of natural science and social sciences,
in the interest of comparability, it will be worth collecting similar data in the future. Of course, there are some trends and conclusions
and physical sciences may differ in magnitudes, in line with the investment data of the Hungarian infrastructures.
it has taken into account the data of research infrastructures assessed and contacted in the NEKIFUT project;
the data of the HAS Research Infrastructure Presidential Committee; and the results of the common data collection of NGM and NIH, in the framework of which every research infrastructure owner has been asked about the international infrastructures the participation in which they would consider important.
The final prioritization has been made on the basis of the professional justification of projects. Moreover, the criteria enabling the policy evaluation of projects (determining policy indicators) have also been developed,
Furthermore, there will be an opportunity for the regular update of certain data of the Register, which will significantly increase the accuracy and usefulness of the Register.
which is essential in searching comparative data for public administration and academic purposes. The FRI was launched in the 70s
develop and preserve the existing (and future) biological data sources. The project establishes such a European infrastructure with a secure financial background that enables the optimised storage, integration and analysis of biological information for the European research communities.
The various data of the elderly are collected by regular surveys and made available to researcher communities free of charge. 21 EU member
/It contains daily weather data for all parts of the country (and its surroundings) for 40 years back,
Unfortunately, the data regarding a narrow strip of the country's territory (west to longitude 17) is not accessible,
which is available for a subscription fee, summarising a vast amount of information sources and literary data making TRANSFAC the most comprehensive database of its kind.
or exome sequencing data. With the help of Genome Trax, the entire genome can be mapped
This database integrates public data sets on somatic mutations allele frequencies and clinical variants from their most up-to-date versions.
This means giving free online access to the results of publicly-funded research (publications and data.
Priority Areas for Publicly-performed Research 2013-17 A Future Networks & Communications H Food for Health B Data Analytics, Management, Security & Privacy I Sustainable Food Production
and enable the exploitation of publicly available data from research and administrative sources to benefit future research;
and innovation agenda, including issues such as open data, shared infrastructures, and the development of ecosystems within the public sector for the trial and application of emerging technologies, The need to develop a more progressive, supportive and responsive domestic regulatory environment,
Priority Areas for Publicly-performed Research 2013-17 A Future Networks & Communications H Food for Health B Data Analytics, Management, Security & Privacy I Sustainable Food Production
and enable the exploitation of publicly available data from research and administrative sources to benefit future research;
and innovation agenda, including issues such as open data, shared infrastructures, and the development of ecosystems within the public sector for the trial and application of emerging technologies, The need to develop a more progressive, supportive and responsive domestic regulatory environment,
or a group of countries. 18 The advantage of this method is that such data are available in a comparative format (with some restrictions),
quantitative analyses calculate degrees of specialisation of regional economies on the basis of employment (or value-added) data.
Hence, it is important to match these specialisation data with performance indicators (value added, exports, etc.
It is based on a network analysis using data on job changes between industries, showing proximity between industries in terms of skill sets.
and requires reliable historical statistical data and in depth analysis. Cluster mapping and benchmarking activities are powerful tools for 68 starting the assessment of regional specialisation patterns and comparing statistical findings among regions.
and providing benchmarking possibilities across the EU. It should be stressed that statistical data at the same level of granularity are not always available across the EU and,
therefore, additional efforts should be made by some regions to complement existing data sets by more detailed quantitative and qualitative information.
Collect, if necessary, more detailed statistical data and perform qualitative-based surveys to better understand the dynamics of regional clusters to be used for implementing smart specialisation strategies.
Data from the 2010 Digital Competitiveness report77 reveals that while representing 5%of GDP, ICT drives 20%of overall productivity growth
The deployment of a culture of open data and secured online access, the harnessing of a true digital single market (ecommerce),
The DAE scoreboard provides data and an annual assessment of the performance at EU and Member State level.
For this, solid economic data is necessary. The Commission is in the process of setting up an EU Monitoring Mechanism,
This mechanism will provide EU-wide and international market data on the demand and supply of KETS,
Collect, if possible, statistical data and perform qualitative-based surveys to better understand the dynamics of CCIS to be used for implementing smart specialisation strategies;
, medical education, analises for sets of medical data, telemedicine, nano-electronics, opto-electronics, industrial software, Big data, GPS, ERP data systems, cloud computing, intelligent wireless
UEFISCDI, based on NIS data Knowledge maps Example: Export and import countries for pharmaceuticals Exploratory online consultation (June 2013) 28000+persons invited 1500+responses 2000 new persons have been nominated As relevant Exploration and discovery 12 An R&i
iterative and dynamic, involving constant gathering and analysis of data at local and national level.
Actors were identified through‘knowledge maps'(social network analyses of the Romanian RDI ecosystem based on data collected from projects, publications, patents;
To this end, a broad range of data was put together and analyzed with an eye to determining fields already showing promising scientific results,
13 panels of 15-25 experts and stakeholders worked from this input as well as a large selection of data on the economic value added, on scientific collaborations and results, on societal needs,
8 Data on all publicly-funded competitive Romanian RDI projects over the last 7-8 years (over 6, 000;
+and data on more than half a million business firms
PROCEEDINGS OF THE 8th INTERNATIONAL MANAGEMENT CONFERENCE"MANAGEMENT CHALLENGES FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT",November 6th-7th, 2014, BUCHAREST, ROMANIA ROMANIA'S R&d AND INNOVATION POTENTIAL AT EU LEVEL
we enriched the analysis by correlating the data collected by Eurostat with the data collected at the Center for International Development, Harvard university The Atlas of Economic Complexity initiative.
we processed the available data from 1995 to 2012 for the following EU states: Finland (FI), Sweden (SE), Denmark (DK), Germany (DE), Austria (AT), France (FR), Slovenia (SI), Belgium (BE), Netherlands (NL), Ireland (IE), United kingdom (UK), Estonia
"The Atlas of Economic Complexity"data, own calculations A fist glimpse of a certain dynamic that is counterintuitive
"The Atlas of Economic Complexity"data, own calculations 1, 35 1, 34 1, 29 1, 25 1, 14 1, 50 1, 35
Eurostat data,"The Atlas of Economic Complexity"data, own calculations FI SE DKDE AT FR SI BENLIE UK EE PT CZ ES IT HU
3 The data refers to 2011 indicators 4 Economic activity rate (2011); Source: Eurostat 5 Data for 2010;
Source: Eurostat 6 Persons aged 25-64 with tertiary education attainment(%;%Source: Eurostat 7 Europe 2020 Flagship Initiative Innovation Union COM (2010) 546 12 sustainable and inclusive growth depends on their specific development potential and their assets (in terms of
WB staff calculations based on WDI data 27. During this period, the convergence process has trickled down at the regional level,
World bank staff calculations based on Eurostat data; Peer regions: aggregate peers as defined by ADR Vest PL 41,42, 43,51, 52;
and 14 Data Source: Eurostat 13.6%12.1%13.5%12.7%15.3%13.2%12.7%12.1%14.3%5. 8%11.1%6. 1%2. 1%1. 8%8
Calculations based on data from Eurostat: Gross fixed capital formation by NUTS 2 regions nama r e2gfcf; Employment (in 1000 persons) by NUTS 3 regions (nama r e3empl95;
Calculations based on data from Eurostat: Population on 1 january by broad age groups and sex-NUTS 3 regions demo r pjanaggr3 18 The West is also the only region outside of Bucharest with a significantly high ratio of female to male population of working
Calculations based on data from Eurostat: Population on 1 january by broad age groups and sex-NUTS 3 regions demo r pjanaggr3 The region has a relatively highly skilled population 36.
Calculations based on data from Eurostat, lfst r lfp2acedu. Note: Economically active population by sex, age, highest level of education attained and NUTS 2 regions (1 000.
Calculations based on data from Eurostat, edat lfse 13. Note: Persons aged 25-64 and 20-24 with upper secondary or tertiary education attainment, by sex and NUTS 2 regions (from 2000 onwards%.
Calculations based on data from INS: Activity, employment and ILO unemployment rates, at territorial level, by educational level, by sex and area, in 2009;
World bank staff calculation based on SBS data 40. Additionally, the West Region presents the second highest incidence of gazelles over total number of firms.
In 2010, the last year for which firm level data from SBS dataset are available,
World bank staff calculation based on SBS data Source: World bank staff calculation based on SBS data 41. The sectoral specialization of the gazelles is slightly different than the distribution of firms overall.
While Western firms in general are concentrated mainly in service activities such as wholesale trade (14), %retail trade (10),
World bank staff calculation based on SBS data 42. The contribution of startups to productivity growth in West Romania is higher than the contribution of startups to productivity growth in Romania as a whole.
Diagnostics, Challenges and Opportunities this exercise is based on the final sample of the SBS survey data as after excluding for outliers in
new start-ups (NSU), new big-entries (NBE) and exit firms (X). Considering the first and latest year of data (2005 and 2010) available in the SBS dataset,
World bank staff calculation based on SBS data Source: World bank staff calculation based on SBS data Figure 15:
TFP Growth Decomposition in Romania By Type of Firm And by Region: 2005-2010 Source:
World bank staff calculation based on SBS data The West Regions'export performance is very positive in overall terms 43.
World bank staff calculation based on SBS data Source: World bank staff calculation based on SBS data 44. Overall, the West Region export performance is very positive:
export growth is sustained (Figure 18), particularly since 2009 and is driven by the performance of firms located in Arad
World bank staff calculation based on SBS data Source: World bank staff calculation based on SBS data III. 2. Main challenges Fruits of economic growth were distributed not evenly across the region 45.
The fruits of economic growth and convergence with Europe were distributed not evenly across the region. Already substantial inequalities in economic and social outcomes were exacerbated sharply over the past decade.
World bank staff calculations based on data from Eurostat: Gross domestic product (GDP) at current market prices by NUTS 3 regions purchasing power standard per inhabitant nama r e3gdp 02468 10 12 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
World bank staff calculations based on data from Eurostat: Gross domestic product (GDP) at current market prices by NUTS 3 regions millions of Euro nama r e3gdp 46.
World bank staff calculations based on data from Institute of National Statistics; Monthly gross wages at NACE 2 48.
Calculations based on data from Structural Business Survey Note: In the Auto cluster, the index for Arad is 100 (equal to the regional average)
therefore no bar is visible in the figure. 23 The only available relative price data are on food prices by municipality.
Calculations based on customs data from Institute of National Statistics As a result of the spatial effect of the transition of the economy and conditioned in part by geography,
Calculations based on data from Structural Business Survey Note: Basic sectors include those sectors which sell primarily outside the local area;
Data shows that in 2011 the West Region had the third lowest number of students enrolled in technical high schools of all the regions in Romania (34
Diagnostics, Challenges and Opportunities these numbers are based on the final sample of the SBS survey data as after excluding for outliers.
World bank staff calculation based on SBS data. 57. The auto industry is by far the biggest employer in the region among manufacturing sectors with an importance in terms of total employment that is similar (17%)to the combined share (16.8%)of employment represented by all the other manufacturing sectors
World bank staff calculation based on SBS data. Table 11. Out of Region Plant Size of Firms Headquartered in the West Region (2010) Size(#employees) Plants Percent 0-9 168 64.7 10-49 58 23.0 50
World bank staff calculation based on SBS data. 60. Sectorial, firm and geographical concentration may lead to high volatility of value added growth and sharp drop of per capita GDP during a crisis. By contrast,
Diagnostics, Challenges and Opportunities this exercise is based on the final sample of the SBS survey data as after excluding for outliers. 38 Export performance is concentrated also very
World bank staff calculations based on INS data Source: World bank staff calculations based on INS data 62. Moreover, export growth over the period 2005-2011 has been very reliant on the intensive margin,
i e. 75%of export growth came from incumbent exporters going to markets they already served and with no innovation in terms of product range.
World bank staff calculations based on INS data 63. There is a shift in destination markets within the EU
World bank staff calculations based on INS data 60 70 80 90 100 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 Bucuresti-Ilfov
World bank staff calculations based on INS data 64. Overall, West Region exports are concentrated in relatively low-skill, low-sophistication industries like footwear, textile, rubber, wood,
World bank staff calculations based on INS data Increasing integration with regional value chains, leading to low local value addition 65.
the lack of export data for service sectors which includes ICT services prevents the use of the Taymaz et al (2011) methodology.
World bank staff elaboration based on INS customs level data 31 Taymaz, Erol, Ebru Voyvoda and Kamil Yýlmaz (2011.
Second, being reliant on export data, it does not account for the domestic dimension of value chains thereby providing only a partial overview of the situation. 43 67.
World bank staff calculations based on INS data 68. While declining value added at sector level is a global trend
Calculations based on data from Business Registry Note: Foreign firms include firms with any share of foreign participation,
Calculations based on data from Business Registry Notes: 2006 and 2007 Cohorts refers to the firms that started (as evidenced by being recorded in the Business Registry for the first time) in the respective years;
Specifically, the identification of specialization opportunities draws on the Structural Business Survey data (for the 2008-2010 period) and follows a three step approach.
First, the firm level data used for this analysis does not provide information regarding the set of specific products that are produced by each firm.
as the INS data covers 2008-2010 time horizon, the analysis reflects the immediate post crisis scenario and,
which the identification of specialization opportunities has not drew on data (NACE 4 digit) sector analysis. 49 80.
the last year for which Eurostat provides data on regional R&d outlays, the total intramural R&d expenditures (considering business enterprise sector, government sector, higher education sector,
Eurostat data (rd e gerdreg) 47 Although there are no dedicated financial means, the region can identify financing resources in specific cases (e g. certain programs financed from EU Funds,
World bank staff simulations based on Eurostat and IMF data.**Note: the latest available data for R&d over GDP indicator for the West region is for 2010;
2011 and 2012 levels are assumed to be the same. Source: World bank staff simulations based on Eurostat and IMF data. 139.
Building on the analysis conducted as part of this assessment, this chapter drafts inputs for smart specialization strategy organized under three main policy areas:
The current strategy is based on data in the Diagnosis Analysis Report on communication services in broadband (Roland Berger 2006)
only if it is interpreted as a set of technological opportunities that allow rapid transmission of a huge volume of data,
into consideration the data in the table above and the fact that there must be a clear definition of areas where access to electronic broadband communications is limited due to different circumstances,
implies an exchange of specialized info globally distributed, access to specific applications and large data traffic generators.
Thus, we can develop data basis (e-Tourism, e-Culture), that favor the development of the digital content of cultural type, including in tourism field by introducing necessary info for promoting national attractions thus contributing to the growth of Romanian values and of the number of tourists.
of transmitting data and answering in electronic format as well as of giving useful info as regards certifications and authorizations (e 10 Gouvernment and e-Administration) and rendering efficient the public health services by setting
up data basis nationally concerning health of patients in hospitals and at the level of medical clinics (e-Health) and developing telemedicine services that lead to a permanent monitoring of patients with heart diseases
Statistical data concerning electronic communication market in Romania in the first half of 2008, reported by providers to the National Authority for Communications,
According to data reported by internet providers in June, 2008, in Romania, there were approximately 2, 27 million broadband access connections to the internet provided at fixed points, with 760,000 more than in the similar period of 2007 (1, 51 millions) and 1,
ANC Coaxial cable Fiber optics xdsl UTP/FTP cable Other supports*radio access, satellite access, access rent lines 13 Data published by the European commission show that,
According to data provided by ANC for the next period companies and institutions intend to purchase a broadband connection at high speed transfer, this intention belonging to small companies for a value of 16-17%and at a smaller value than 9%for big companies with more than 50 employees.
Long distance data transportation networks are developed well; The purchase cost terminals (PCS, laptops, mobile phones, mobile smartphone, etc) is rather low as compared to previous years Weak points Low penetration
-to collect and centralize statistical data related to the process of equipping the population with reception devices.
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