However, it also warns that businesses"still face a lack of interoperability, reliability and security,
Improving the competitiveness, safety and security of European shipping, Directorate-General for Energy and Transport, B-1049 Brussels:
and best practices Statistical data Simplification of transport chains Simplification of administrative compliance Single transport document Liability Security FREIGHT TRANSPORT LOGISTICS ACTION PLAN Framework for the ITS Regulatory Framework for the standardisation
and because of its impacts on oil supply security and environmental emissions, this sector has been a priority policy area within the EU for many years.
security and environment is illustrated by Värmlandstrafik AB case study, in Sweden (see Section 5. 12). The Public transport Authority (PTA) in Sweden was under pressure from the Government to better control the pollution generated by the public transport.
The end solution implemented by Värmlandstrafik AB has generated great benefits for the public transport (bus, train and tram) in terms of a better control of the operators'activities and the environmental impacts, in providing better security
Smart technologies should be introduced to avoid delays in the supply chain for security and other reasons.
RFID is expected to contribute to improved efficiency and security, and provide new quality services for mobility of people and goods. For instance,
and physical inventory counts streamline recall processes due to ability to identify possible impacts to damaged product improve security,
particularly in ICT strategy, security and new business solutions. 66 ICT training for employees Obtaining e-skills is not a one-off event the speed of technological change requires that skills need continually to be kept up-to date and relevant.
a digital signature or digital signature scheme is a type of asymmetric cryptography used to simulate the security properties of a signature in digital, rather than written, form. 89 Digital signatures use
"as part of a question on the use of ICT security measures. In total, about 15%of firms (accounting for 21%of employment) reported that they had such rules.
In transport and logistics, RFID is expected to contribute to improved efficiency and security, and provide new quality services for mobility of people
and thereby enhance both economic efficiency and security. RFID systems are playing a role in increasing load factors
Security is guaranteed via SSL encryption of information and via a dedicated login and password for each user.
It also allows companies to develop new, value-added services such as automated track and tracing systems, monitoring of document processing, security and non-repudiation.
and only shared by 12%of large firms (Exhibit 3. 7-2). A percentage of firms ranging form 25%to 39%perceive lack of reliable IT providers (25%),legal (25%)and security (31%)issues,
(250+)Security concerns 31 28 29 2435 0 20 40 60 80 100 TLS EU-7 (total) Micro (1-9) Small
safety/security issues and environmental information allows the company to draw important conclusions when making decisions. 3. 4 Internal process integration 3. 6 Improving Customer service:
In the evaluation process to obtain new line concessions there have been traditionally some important factors like the vehicles characteristics, additional services, transport security, etc.
This system increases the security in the service, for example ensuring the fulfilment of the vehicle revision calendar.
and security tools, implementing smart card and other types of ITS in their vehicle fleet and SAE system (Sistema de Ayuda a la Explotación or Operations Support systems)
This system has increased also the transport security and services productivity, using the alarm controls and the intelligent incidence management and real-time analysis tools.
(and help to a sustainable transport system) and also increase the transport service security, one of the key areas for a passenger transport company like ALSA.
& logistics industry 141 The security for the checkout process is very low regarding the identification of the consignee (person receiving the goods) of a cargo unit.
Increased security due to the attribution of a pick up code for the delivery of transport goods. Simplified management of their transport documentation.
Security is guaranteed via SSL encryption of information and via a dedicated login and password for each user.
offering considerable advantages in terms of time, security, and operational efficiency. E-billing is a service allowing the customer to receive,
Security requirements include user identification and password. The typical process is as follows: when a shipment is produced,
safety/security issues and environmental information allows the company to draw important conclusions when making decisions.
defining the contracts, setting up requirements that concern the respect of E-business in the transport & logistics industry 181 passenger comfort, security and environment and controlling the respect of the requirements and the activity of the operators.
security, safety and appearance are important aspects in the choice of means of transportation. The operation and maintenance of the vehicles in accordance with the requirements specified in the agreements are part of the responsibilities of the operator.
and use and have a better control on the respect of agreed requirements by the operators in terms of comfort, quality, security and environment.
a system allowing accessing all vehicle information including accessibility, security, quality, and environment. 5. 12.2 E-business activities The solution chosen by Värmlandstrafik had been developed initially by Nordic Port and the Public transport Authority (PTA) in West Sweden,
It provides detailed information about functional disabilities, information about safety/security of transport such as bus, train and tram.
environmental impacts, in providing better security and comfort to transport passengers, and in a better standard of the overall transport service.
Transport operators have agreements to respect in terms of bus equipment, quality, security and traffic. The bus operator put the information about its vehicles and equipments into the system.
and security and to provide a better service level to the passengers. Another benefit is resulting from the reporting capabilities provided by the solution.
this report addressed a number of interrelated issues pertaining to security and privacy, governance, radio spectrum and standards and called for an RFID Stakeholder Group to provide an open platform allowing a dialogue between consumer organisations, market actors,
E-business in the transport & logistics industry 197 E-business W@tch Special Study on ICT Security, e-Invoicing and e-Payment Activities in European Enterprises, September 2005.
Improving the competitiveness, safety and security of European shipping, Directorate-General for Energy and Transport, B-1049 Brussels:
E-business in the transport & logistics industry 201 Thomas, D. How to Keep Your Network Server Secure, INC. technology, http://technology. inc. com/security/articles/200609
greater interoperability, boosting internet trust and security, much faster internet access and better investment in research and development.
such as ageing, health, security and climate change. We refer to them as societal challenges. This brochure illustrates how Information
whose majority experienced an increased sense of security. 15 DREAMING DREAMING integrated familiar devices-such as blood pressure cuffs, mobile phones and TV-in a single platform.
efficient and less expensive for the taxpayer. 33 Living in a secure and trustworthy society The concern for security is as old as humankind.
and have changed their behaviour because of concerns with security issues: 18%are less likely to buy goods online and 15%are less likely to use online banking.
Therefore, the DAE has defined a number of objectives in the field of trust and security:
security of networks the internet has become a critical information infrastructure, encompassing IT systems and networks across the globe.
and to ensure that security problems are addressed quickly and effectively. The European Network Information and Security Agency (ENISA) serves as a focal point for this exchange and cooperation.
To react to threats in real-time conditions, the European commission will establish a network of Computer emergency response teams (CERTS),
Syssec will create a Network of Excellence in the field of Systems Security for Europe to play a leading role in changing the rules of the game.
create a virtual centre of excellence consolidating the Systems Security research community in Europe; promote cyber security education
These issues have prevented previously other security solutions from being deployed widely and have rendered therefore them ineffective.
not only companies in the high security field but also emerging small and medium sized enterprises (SMES) that wish to sell biometric technologies.
and match service components depending on attributes such as availability, quality, price and security. Thus, the applications that end users see may be composed of multiple services from many different providers.
or service supplier will actually offer the security claimed. The ANIKETOS project will help to establish
The project is aligning existing and developing new technology, methods, tools and security services. Tabula rasa (Trusted Biometrics under Spoofing Attacks) The project will:
provide solutions for security engineering and trust management on the Future Internet; develop an integral framework to support secure interoperation
and higher supply security for end-users. http://www. smarthouse-smartgrid. eu Funded by the Seventh Framework Programme (FP7) Duration:
-europe. eu/@einclusion ec Trust and Security http://cordis. europa. eu/fp7/ict/security/home en. html https://ec. europa. eu/digital-agenda
In this paper, we focus on ICT innovations related to home healthcare domain, in which patient safety and security
Existing techniques address part of the trust and security requirements, for example tools for identity management and for encryption of connections.
There is a need for an integrated and easy to understand approach to trust in terms of security, privacy, and transparency
On the other hand, they are exposed to different security and safety threats as the patient is far from healthcare providers,
It is important to have mechanisms in place that allow users to make an informed decision to trust a service provider on the basis of facts, such as reputation and security attributes.
The THECS project addresses the very important trust questions (transparency, privacy and security) for healthcare services.
which guarantees an appropriate level of security and allows users to specify the policies regulating the exposure of their 4 http://code. w3. org/privacy-dashboard/wiki 5 https://www. privacyos. eu
Proceedings of the 7th International Workshop on Security Measurements and Metrics, IEEE (2011) 17. Petkovic, M.,Prandi, D.,Zannone, N.:
Proceedings of the 3rd International Workshop on Security and Trust Management. 2008) 159 167 19.
Foundations of Security Analysis and Design. LNCS 2171. Springer (2000) 137 196 26. Zhang, L.,Ahn, G. J.,Chu, B. T.:
Proceedings of the 8th International Workshop on Formal Aspects of Security and Trust. 2011) 32.
Proceedings of the 2001 Workshop on Multimedia and Security: New Challenges, ACM (2001) 52 55 34.
Security and Privacy Silver linings in the Cloud. IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology 330.
62 2. 6. Privacy and security are crucial...66 References...69 6 TABLE OF CONTENTS IMPROVING HEALTH SECTOR EFFICIENCY:
104 4. 4. Addressing the challenges with the implementation of privacy and security requirements...106 References...
THE ROLE OF INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES OECD 2010 Enabling robust and reliable privacy and security frameworks Health information can be extremely sensitive and professional ethics in health care demands a strict adherence
The implementation of privacy and security requirements is proving particularly challenging in the case of EHRS
Although health care organisations have a strong interest in maintaining privacy and security they also have to balance this interest against the need to ensure that information can be retrieved easily
and this provides a critical window to address privacy and security issues. Conclusions The findings discussed in this report point to a number of practices
a robust and balanced approach to privacy and security is essential to establish the high degree of public confidence
and security frameworks and accountability mechanisms that both encourage and respond to innovation. Align incentives with health system priorities:
2005). 2. 6. Privacy and security are crucial How health care organisations handle their digital information environment affects the uptake of health ICTS.
Sharing sensitive patient data in a large and heterogeneous environment through the use of web-based applications raises a series of privacy and security issues.
In this process, the main challenge is to create a smooth interface between privacy and confidentiality policy and security requirements for defining access to and use of personal health care information.
THE ROLE OF INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES OECD 2010 well-publicised serious lapses in existing systems and stories about security breaches.
and security procedures may not always be followed by those with access to their records. The survey also found a range of initiatives that could be used to allay many of these concerns.
or security breaches affecting the system. The case studies clearly indicate that appropriate privacy protection must be incorporated into the design of new health ICT systems and policies from the outset,
Although health care organisations have a strong interest in maintaining privacy and security, they also have to balance this interest against the need to ensure that information can be retrieved easily
Center for Democracy & Technology (2008), Comprehensive Privacy and Security: Critical for Health Information technology, Center for Democracy & Technology, Washington D c. Chaudhry, B. 2005), Health Information technology (HIT) Adoption Standards and Interoperability, RAND Health Working Paper.
Privacy and security tutorials. Post-implementation review. Added-up, the basket of the PITO premiums is substantial,
and security concerns Federal government Control costs, Improve quality Favourable Financial, organisational State/local governments Control costs, improve quality Favourable Financial, organisational Hospitals/Physicians/Providers Accurate patient information at point of care Favourable but constrained by lack
and increases the confidence of users that the purchased systems will indeed provide required capabilities (e g. ensuring security
In 2006, the commission certified the first 37 ambulatory or clinician office-based electronic health record products as meeting baseline criteria for functionality, security, and interoperability.
as well as describing technical, interoperability, security, privacy and other requirements. In Canada, the only case study country currently setting VCURS, the process is targeted a effort within the context of a specific health ICT incentive programme rather than a broad product certification scheme,
2007). 4. 4. Addressing the challenges with the implementation of privacy and security requirements Once technical challenges are overcome
Interpretation of privacy and security requirements are determined still often locally within countries and vary significantly between countries.
The implementation of security requirements is proving particularly challenging (and cumbersome) in the context of EHRS,
security/privacy issues have been the biggest challenge. Officials from every CHAPTER 4. ENABLING A SECURE EXCHANGE OF INFORMATION 107 IMPROVING HEALTH SECTOR EFFICIENCY:
and security concerns were an overriding factor in every aspect of the technology deployment from start to finish.
THE ROLE OF INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES OECD 2010 Box 4. 4. MAEHC turned consent to demand Following extensive discussion within the MAEHC's own privacy and security committee
Instead of making security concerns the main feature of the patient brochures, the MAEHC placed these issues in a familiar context,
by comparing HIE security provisions to what banking institutions have in place today (Tripathi et al.,2009). 110 CHAPTER 4. ENABLING A SECURE EXCHANGE OF INFORMATION IMPROVING HEALTH SECTOR EFFICIENCY:
Privacy and security measures; Adoption and use of standards for interoperability; Adoption of organisational change management initiatives;
This is further complicated by a number of uncertainties inherent in complying with a diverse range of legal obligations i) on privacy and security and ii) on clinical protocols.
THE ROLE OF INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES OECD 2010 Addressing privacy and security concerns A dedicated privacy
and security committee worked in conjunction with communities and consumer councils to make final determinations for privacy and security policies.
A global opt-in approach was used in which patients are asked specifically to agree to as needed electronic exchange of their clinical data between clinical sites (however,
and the benefits of HIE participation were touted to encourage patient participation rather than making security a major concern.
Convenience, enhanced security in the dispensing process, and timesavings are the features most appreciated by users today.
and security measures to allow access to certain national databases, e g. National Pharmacy Register. Progress in hospital deployment has been limited due to competing interests of physicians and hospital administrators.
Robust privacy and security frameworks In The netherlands individuals are able to exercise, to a significant degree, control over their health information.
and security requirements and to keep records in accordance with the ADEMD guidelines. All these tasks are considered important by physicians,
yet achieves greater security and cost savings through decentralisation. ANNEX B. PROJECT BACKGROUND AND METHODOLOGY 153 IMPROVING HEALTH SECTOR EFFICIENCY:
and importers who have strong security practices and a history of compliant behaviour with access to streamlined custom procedures.
and the registry services of the Australian Securities and Investment Commission. The Government's Asset Recycling Initiative will provide incentive payments to the States to privatise assets
with investigative and information-gathering powers modelled on those available to the Australian Securities and Investments Commission.
The Government is committed also to starting the detailed planning necessary to build new dams to ensure water security for communities and industries.
The Australian Securities and Investment Commission will also be consulted, given its oversight of disclosure documents involving the offer of financial products (like options and shares).
Australian Securities Exchange (ASX)- istock Page 47 Students reading-istock Page 49 Construction worker-Michele Mossop, Engineers Australia Page 63
People who live in a stable society based on equality, security, equitable distribution and job satisfaction provide the best starting point for increased innovative ability.
security breaches or fire damage was reduced significantly.""Innosupport: Supporting Innovation in SMES"-2. 1. Audit tools (Technology Audit) page 14 of 271 2. 1. 5. Expected Results/Benefits of Technology Audit
sinectics, GSS Group Support system, 6-3-5 Method, Analogical Reasoning etc) create the conditions for feelings of psychological security, favourable for creative manifestations."
Supporting Innovation in SMES"-8. 1. Financing Innovation in Europe page 176 of 271 The advantages of venture capital are that no security needs to be given,
A further problem with bank loans is that the bank will require security in the event that something goes wrong in the business venture.
political and/or security-related concerns and are supported not rarely by strong pressure groups in the society.
Secure societies Protecting freedom and security of Europe and its citizens DRS-17-2014/2015 Protection of urban soft targets and urban critical infrastructures 7. 00
including trust, transaction security and concerns about intellectual property rights as well as challenges in areas of management skills and technological capabilities.
security, privacy and consumer protection are essential, Regulatory and self-regulatory efforts to bolster trust, security,
A culture of security to enhance trust in the use of ICT, effective enforcement of privacy and consumer protection,
security (including spam and viruses), privacy and consumer protection. Intellectual property protection of ICT innovations and digital products is necessary to build the confidence among SMES that is essential
and e-business skill formation (including marketing, organisational, security, trust and management skills in addition to ICT skills) in conjunction with education institutions, business and individuals.
and security that the company provides. The responsibility for downtime now shifts from user to supplier,
An application in securities analysis. Management International Review 28 (1), 34 44
INNOVATION AND SOCIETY: BROADENING THE ANALYSIS OF THE TERRITORIAL EFFECTS OF INNOVATION*By Jean-Marc Fontan1 Juan-Luis Klein2 Diane-Gabrielle Tremblay3 Research Note no 2004-07a Canada Research Chair
The mechanism also aimed to promote investment in developing strategic areas such as quality, new technologies, environment, security and hygiene.
The mechanism also aimed to promote investment in developing strategic areas such as quality, new technologies, environment, security and hygiene.
The quality of institutions such as government institutions (e g. rule of law, competition, security), social institutions (labour-employer relations) also affect factor endowments.
life tec, food, energy, smart mobility, logistics, and security. Brainport has a population of about 740,000 people, a Gross Regional Product of EUR 27 bn and a total R&d investment of EUR 2. 5 bn,
and to achieve socioeconomic objectives in the areas that are important for every resident of Estonia, for instance in energy, national defence and security, health care and welfare services, INNOVATION-DRIVEN GROWTH IN REGIONS:
Attention is being given to making transport more accessible and safe by optimising access to and security of vehicles,
Furthermore, surveys indicate that low perceived security is a key barrier to public transport for many potential users.
Security of urban passenger transport is a key element of the EU Internal security Strategy and of the EU strategy in the fight against terrorism.
To ensure that increased security does not compromise ease of travel research initiatives have been set up to develop efficient and effective security concepts.
Security measures for different transport modes have been developed and tested in CIVITAS projects in cities throughout Europe.
These measures include installation of cameras in buses, trams, trains, stops and stations, and closer cooperation between transport operators and local security authorities.
Surveys of public transport users, for instance in Stuttgart (Germany) and Malmö (Sweden), have shown that these measures have raised passenger confidence in the security of public transport.
Research is supplemented by a coordinated approach in all Member States to harmonise controls and to close security gaps.
For this purpose the European commission has set up the Urban Transport Security Expert Working group with a mandate to facilitate cooperation and exchange of experience between national authorities and transport operators.
Security criteria and benchmarks are being developed to enable authorities and transport operators to assess security levels
and to apply the most efficient and effective measures. 1%1%6%14%11%38%28%1%car+taxi other pedestrian bicycle motorbike moped lorry, under 3. 5t
heavy goods vehicle Figure 2. Road fatalities in urban areas in the EU European commission (2012b) CARE-EU road accidents database, January 2012,
This situation leads to concerns about security of supply as well as to a significant deficit in the EU trade balance and increasing costs to the environment.
Road safety and security...pp. 17 21 Action area 4: Integration of the vehicle into the transport infrastructure...
Road safety and security ITS-based road safety and security applications have proved their effectiveness,
Meanwhile the security of transport systems must be taken into account without jeopardising efficient and effective transport operations. pages 26 27>Action area 5:
and safety-and security-related ITS systems, and further promote the more developed/advanced ones>TASKS
and safety-and security-related ITS systems, including their installation in new vehicles (via type approval) and,
the associated increase in vehicle/infrastructure electronics and communications raises security and privacy issues which,
There may also be security vulnerabilities in electronics and communications systems. ITS technologies must ensure the integrity,
Assess the security and personal data protection aspects related to the handling of data in ITS applications and services and propose measures in full compliance with EU legislation Data security
road safety and security; integration of the vehicle into the transport infrastructure; data security and protection, and liability issues;
and security without damaging the ICT ecosystem. This report examines EU and U s. productivity trends
because it is unlikely to deliver the expected benefits of privacy and security, and it also holds significant potential to slow down ICT-related growth. 182 Unfortunately,
safety and security including nuclear; all supported through a crosscutting and multi-disciplinary approach. LF-NA-25964-EN-N
The USA therefore proved to be a more conducive environment to launch a business that depended on holding such information with less need to reassure customers over privacy and security.
EU accomplishments result from well organized, long-term robotics investment programmes (such as Robotdalen) which has emphasized the security that comes from its 10-year investment from VINNOVA as being a major part of its success,
given the conditions below. 32 Long-term government funding is major element of success. The security of continuous finance over a decade has ensured constant progress.
This can reduces costs and increase security, especially for software for common utilities and applications
safety and security including nuclear; all supported through a crosscutting and multi-disciplinary approach. LF-NA-25961-EN-N
safety and security including nuclear; all supported through a crosscutting and multi-disciplinary approach. LF-NA-26579-EN-N doi:
safety and security including nuclear; all supported through a crosscutting and multi-disciplinary approach. LF-NA-26264-EN-N doi:
'such as sustainable innovation, public health and security, KETS (7) and Digital Agenda, are much more common than others (see Table 3). Thematic objectives,
and security 192 14.7%Digital Agenda 152 11.6%Cultural and creative industries 81 6. 2%Blue growth 53 4. 1%Service innovation
and distribution Energy production and distribution 6. 2%Digital Agenda Information and communication technologies Information and communication technologies 6%Public health and security Human health 5
and quarrying Extraction of crude petroleum and natural gas Mining of coal and lignite Mining of metal ores Mining support service activities Other mining and quarrying Public administration, security and defence
office support and other business support activities Rental and leasing activities Scientific research and development Security and investigation activities Services to buildings and landscape activities Travel agency, tour operator and other
Categories and sub-categories for EU priorities Aeronautics and space Aeronautics Aeronautics and environment Bio-fuels and energy efficiency Remotely piloted aircrafts Safety and security Space Transport and logistics Blue
Nature and biodiversity Biodiversity Ecotourism Nature preservation Public health and security Ageing societies Food security and safety Public health and well-being Public safety and pandemics Service innovation New
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