Van dijk 2002) and nowadays audiovisual presentations and computer simulations. The outcome of a political discourse is partly dependent on the contents and shape of the communicative expressions of the participants their cognition in wide sense as well as the power relationships between the participants (Chilton 2004;
because most of the contributors did not want to spend time writing new full-length articles on issues that had already been described elsewhere.
and commitment of participants are critical factors for success. The survey conducted in the SESTI project was confronted also with the limited time and visibility of the contributors.
the ability to trace how signals evolve over time. In general, however, the potential of Twitter to become a main tool for retrieving future-oriented information is high as colleagues,
the speed of communication is ahead of the sheer time needed to think and get in the lab and work.
and methods in horizon scanning. 215 want to be successful by giving the right alerts to policy-makers at the right time in order not to over-occupy their busy agendas.
i e. the interests of the client, the wider policy context which they are associated with, time and budget restrictions,
Table 3. Evaluation criteria for scanning approaches and methods Connections, clustering of weak signals and degree of relevance to a specific area Duration of weakness of signal, also associated with time at
observation time Through reports, blogs, groups, social networks, Twitter, sites, etc. observatiio time depends on participants) Reports as pdf, docs, rtf and parts from website, e g.
RSS (Really Simple Syndication) feeds for text-mining. Articles, websites, videos for focused expert review. Any other info piece for second-round scanning (observation time depends on scanner) Experts'knowledge;
literature; conferences for additional signal/issue selection and refinement of reference frame (observation time depends on participants
and scanner) Signal/issue selection criteria Predefined criteria based on sources other futurists use (sense of credibilitty
observation time High Medium Medium As reported but also time series tracing possible in blogs, google etc.
and communication of the most important issues at the right time is both a challenge and an absolute necessity.
Time for the EU to meet global challenges',24364 EN, 6/2010. Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of the European commission.
Time for the EU to meet global challenges'which was carried out for the Bureau of European Policy Advisors.
Here, the need for horizon scanning is intensified effecttivel by the long lead times for bringing about desired policy impacts (cf. climate change mitigatioon) Taking this remark further,
Time for the EU to meet global challenges, 'which was carried out in 2009 by the Joint research Centre-Institute for Prospective Technological Studies (JRC-IPTS) for the Bureau of European Policy Advisors (BEPA) of the European commission (EC).
by doing so, foster the development of joint policy measures without necessitating potentially time-consuming and cumbersame changes in existing organizational structures and practices (Anderson 2005).
Time for the EU to meet global challenges'which has informed the strategy processes of BEPA and JRC, has influenced also other stakeholders,
Time for the EU to meet global challenges',24364 EN, 6/2010. Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of the European commission.
kerstin. cuhls@isi. fraunhofer. de One urgent mission for European research is to focus on the grand challenges of our time.
The idea The Lund Declaration (Lund Declaration 2009) formulated a request that European research should focus on the grand challenges of our time, moving beyond current rigid thematic approaches.
and results should be quickly implementable to create the maximum impact in the organisation in the shortest possible time. 3. 2 Former future-oriented processes at Fraunhofer (technology-driven) In 2004,
European research must focus on the grand challenges of our time moving beyond current rigid thematic approaches. This calls for a new deal among European institutions and Member States, in which European and national instruments are aligned well
mass customisation Change in work Individual is a lifetime entrepreneur, time and location flexibility, and mental flexibility necessary (lifelong learning), greater importance of women in business and society Increasing mobility and transport Due to increasing global flows of goods and leisure Increasing
Time for the EU to meet global challenges'.'Sevilla: JRC Scientific and Technical Reports, EUR 24364 EN, European commission Report.
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