Since all involved actors scientists, firms, policy makers have to act under the condition of insufficient information,
because the information is still present on the memory (this is called instant booting). In 2000, Rueckes et al.
Charles Lieber's group 14 Cientifica is the business information and consulting arm of CMP Cientifica, providing global nanotechnology business intelligence and consulting services to industry and investors worldwide.
bthis proof of principle raises hopes that a nanotube lattice could form computer memory, storing one bit of information at each junction.
parametric and spatial are displayed to provide substantial information for policy makers. Originality/value The value of the present work lies in the synergy that can be generated between territorial foresight and urban planning
A GIS tool will show graphic information about urban growth, urban sprawl and infrastructure networks. This step requires sophisticated quantitative and graphic tools,
ISSN 1463-6689 DOI 10.1108/14636681211256116 Norberto Nuno Gomes de Andrade is a Scientific Officer and Legal expert with the Information society Unit, European commission, Joint research Centre (JRC
At a more general level, the increasing availability of information in electronic form and the computing techniques and processes for exploiting such data constitute the most recent methodological developments in the field of FTA.
display and interpret electronic information resources 15. The escalating use and relevance given to ICT tools in FTA illustrate,
and assess results with timely and accurate information''(Gasco'n, 2005). ) As Beck (2009) explains,‘‘b y bringing all crime and arrest data together by category and neighbourhood,
enabling officers to focus their efforts in problem areas, armed with real-time information, accurate intelligence, rapid deployment of resources, individual accountability,
or threat increase the ability to create information-based approaches to prevention, thwarting, resource allocation,
These surveys constitute adequate tools to collect information and to provide a range of different ideas based on which scenarios can afterwards be designed and presented.
for instance, knowledge based systems and intelligent information retrieval. With the development of modelling techniques and instruments such as the one described above,
not only be able to receive relevant information of future societal trends (which would certainly aid lawmakers to better determine the content, objectives and direction of their legal reforms proposals),
a powerful instrument and an important source of information that should be used to improve legislative making processes.
In this respect, legislators should have at their disposal the largest quantity and quality of information available about the society,
Based on data mining techniques, intelligence-based tactics and information communication strategies, predictive policing demonstrates that Law,
The FIDIS project (Future of Identity in the Information society) aimed to shape the requirements for the future management of identity in the European Information society (EIS)
For more information on the Compstat, see Delorenzi et al. 2006). ) 18. For two views sustaining the impossibility to anticipate the future,
) For a discussion of how expert quantitative and qualitative information may be joined coherently, see Loveridge and Saritas (2011).
Rannenberg, K.,Royer, D. and Deuker, A. 2009), The Future of Identity in the Information society:
About the author Norberto Nuno Gomes de Andrade is a Scientific Officer at the Information society Unit of the Institute for Prospective Technological Studies (IPTS) of the European commission's Joint research Centre.
Technological forecasting & Social Change 72 (2005) 1112 1121 other hand, decision support and policy making require information on the potential consequences of the introduction of new technologies before they are implemented widely,
information on future developments of technology and its interaction with society before they are implemented widely, i e. at early stages of their development when the direction of the innovation process already can be influenced.
energy technologies or information and communication up to biotechnologies without their interdependence being always obvious at first glance.
This information is necessary not only for the analytical step, it may offer valuable insights for the entire TA process.
Mortimer House, 37-41 Mortimer Street, London W1t 3jh, UK Technology analysis & Strategic management Publication details, including instructions for authors and subscription information:
http://dx. doi. org/10.1080/09537325.2012.715475 PLEASE SCROLL DOWN FOR ARTICLE Taylor & francis makes every effort to ensure the accuracy of all the information (the Content) contained in the publications on our platform.
and should be verified independently with primary sources of information. Taylor and Francis shall not be liable for any losses
Downloaded by University of Bucharest at 04:57 03 december 2014 730 Editorial information era will be followed by a molecular era,
These invade both the qualitative and quantitative pieces of information that are joined to create outcomes for policy and management in all the STEEPV themes (Social, Technological, Economic, Ecology, Politics and Values and Norms.
Mortimer House, 37-41 Mortimer Street, London W1t 3jh, UK Technology analysis & Strategic management Publication details, including instructions for authors and subscription information:
http://dx. doi. org/10.1080/09537325.2012.715476 PLEASE SCROLL DOWN FOR ARTICLE Taylor & francis makes every effort to ensure the accuracy of all the information (the Content) contained in the publications on our platform.
and should be verified independently with primary sources of information. Taylor and Francis shall not be liable for any losses
and information networks make distributed downstream innovation increasingly visible. Ontological unpredictability thus becomes importaan for technology analysis, foresight,
Information gathered on previously important characteristics simply misses the essence of the thing. Innovation as creative evolution According to Schumpeter, innovation can be defined as a historic and irreversible change in the way of doing things.
Indeed, speaking informally,‘a state embodies that information about a natural system which must be encoded in order for some kind of prediction about the system to be made'(Rosen 1985,75).
because the natural system may be mapped into inaccurate predictive models using codings that leak information, and because the observables can be measured with error.
The social life of information. Boston, MA: Harvard Business school Press. Bukszar, E. 1999. Strategic bias:
Mortimer House, 37-41 Mortimer Street, London W1t 3jh, UK Technology analysis & Strategic management Publication details, including instructions for authors and subscription information:
http://dx. doi. org/10.1080/09537325.2012.715477 PLEASE SCROLL DOWN FOR ARTICLE Taylor & francis makes every effort to ensure the accuracy of all the information (the Content) contained in the publications on our platform.
and should be verified independently with primary sources of information. Taylor and Francis shall not be liable for any losses
These invade both the qualitative and quantitative information co-joined to create outcomes for policy and management in all the STEEPV (Social, Technological, Economic, Ecology, Politics andvalues and Norms) themes.
The co-joining of quantitative and qualitative information is exemplified by the T ohoku earthquake and tsunami on 11 march 2011 north east of Japan.
qualitative opinion and the quantitative information including all its uncertainties? How would the risk of disaster
Personal behavioural patterns (Loveridge 1977) will influence the information sought, including data before its transformation and its integration, via learning, appreciation and anticipation, into a systemic outcome.
and qualitative information including the known unknowns: the outcome will not include unknown (to the individual or group) knowns or unknown unknowns.
and qualitative information that goes beyond the Downloaded by University of Bucharest at 04:56 03 december 2014 Ignorance and uncertainty 757 conventional‘synthesis report'.
Transformation of quantitative data from science, technology and pseudo-science into information then plays a role, in conjunction with thesteepv constituents,
Many of the perceived‘uncertainties'of quantitative information arise from these sources and from the nature of expert opinion:
and O. Saritas The horizontal axis concerns the source and kind of information used. Empiricism lies at the natural pole (deriving explanation from concrete
or effective way to obtain information about the situation artificial reconstruction of object reality is attempted in almost all modelling
such as analytical models, computer simulations or information constructs Meredith chose a number of measures to describe the poles of the horizontal dimension.
or models to specify the information to be collected process is highly efficient since aberrations (classified as‘noise')do not have any causal source At the natural pole,
Clearly, the most valid information is obtained by direct involvement with the phenomenon. The references to‘truth'in the matrix are not relevant as FTA depends on subjective opinion,
and qualitative information an example of elicitation The events involved in the 2011 earthquake north east of Japan illustrate the importance of the STEEPV set and within it,
It was invoked in the IFTFS study to gather information for the main parts of the study that later involved scenario generation The elicitation process used facilitated the later combination of quantitative
and qualitative information that lay at the heart of the study. Three kinds of people were invited to take part in the elicitation programme:
The next step in the elicitation explained the kinds of information being sought: these were substantive knowledge, assessing ability and imagination.
technical impressions of the kind of information described earlier relating to the Japanese earthquake. Verbal equivalents to different probability levels (Alpert and Raiffa 1982) were used during this part of the elicitation to seed the interviewee's thinking processes.
It also indicates how very different kinds of information from throughout the STEEPV set can emerge from elicitation procedures
and how it makes use of quantitative and qualitative information in unison. So far, FTA has stuck to familiar approaches to
Currentftacomponents of foresight, forecasting and TA are simply not able to cope with the welter of information now available to anyone with the wit to look for it nor is FTA able to cope with the increasing complexity of the tasks it faces, often with very significant political interventions and implications.
Monibot goes on to claim that much of the information used by the anti-nuclear lobby is supported not by peer reviewed research
The latter is made possible by access to‘infinite'sources of‘information'of unknown quality and veracity.
Throughout publications about or adjacent to the nano-artefact, biotechnology, information technology and cognitive science quartet (NBIC), there is a continual introduction of ideas,
in all its STEEPV components, towards that fuzzy‘event horizon'beyond which lie the unknown unknowns (6) The quantitative data that features in FTA do not escape from behavioural influences in its transformation into information
Mortimer House, 37-41 Mortimer Street, London W1t 3jh, UK Technology analysis & Strategic management Publication details, including instructions for authors and subscription information:
http://dx. doi. org/10.1080/09537325.2012.715478 PLEASE SCROLL DOWN FOR ARTICLE Taylor & francis makes every effort to ensure the accuracy of all the information (the Content) contained in the publications on our platform.
and should be verified independently with primary sources of information. Taylor and Francis shall not be liable for any losses
and implementation Reconfiguring the policy system Making the policy system more apt to address long-term challenges Symbolic function Indicating to the public that policy is based on rational Information source:
and Stein (1992) shows that investors tend to use the speculatiiv information that others use as well;
Mortimer House, 37-41 Mortimer Street, London W1t 3jh, UK Technology analysis & Strategic management Publication details, including instructions for authors and subscription information:
http://dx. doi. org/10.1080/09537325.2012.715487 PLEASE SCROLL DOWN FOR ARTICLE Taylor & francis makes every effort to ensure the accuracy of all the information (the Content) contained in the publications on our platform.
and should be verified independently with primary sources of information. Taylor and Francis shall not be liable for any losses
and information technology have been regularly applying foresight techniques (Daheim and Uerz 2008; Reger 2001; Rollwagen, Hofmann, and*Email:
and Siemens in the information and communication industry. These cases are extremely explanatory: on the one hand, the selected firms operated in distinct industries that underwent considerably different (kinds of) drivers of change and conditions of uncertainty.
and comprehend information about changes and new events. More specifically‘‘environmental uncertainty'arises when managers lack accurate information Downloaded by University of Bucharest at 05:03 03 december 2014 Strategic foresight 785 about organisations, activities,
and events in their external environment; namely, when they are not confident that they can predict what the major changes are
on the other hand, Philips and Siemens operated in fastpaace industries (consumer electronics and information and communication technology (ICT))
as they are seen as providing information inputs essential for assessing the profitability of curreen and potential business areas and for assessing investment
The outputs from foresight activities provide a wide basis of information which explores longaan medium-term changes in customers'needs and lifestyles,
In this paper, we focus on its operations in the information and communication sectors (ICT consumer electronics, information and communication solutions and services.
Mortimer House, 37-41 Mortimer Street, London W1t 3jh, UK Technology analysis & Strategic management Publication details, including instructions for authors and subscription information:
http://dx. doi. org/10.1080/09537325.2012.715488 PLEASE SCROLL DOWN FOR ARTICLE Taylor & francis makes every effort to ensure the accuracy of all the information (the Content) contained in the publications on our platform.
and should be verified independently with primary sources of information. Taylor and Francis shall not be liable for any losses
heavily dependent on the flow of ideas, data and information into a business and its network decision-making in its place in society.
a cooperative interactive network rooted in communication channels that allow relevant and agreed information to flowfreely to create a common base of knowledge shared among partners to ensure that trust is enhanced;
according to needs (access to past information)- Policies defined and the firm has strengths in doing similar work;
, common vision Competencies-Information paper processing and fast accountability-No individual, team or organisational learning-Information general support,
comply with speed requirements-Individual learning to comply with functional roles-Information improve decisions-Team learning promoted to improve decision-making
and business efficiency-Information strategic resource-Training and education-Quality of transferable knowledge is predicted Information flow free and a common base of knowledge in the net maximises individuals'learning and creativity Communication
-Minimal processes and channels in place-Processes and channels are on project-to-project basis-Based on the firm's core competencies
and objectives-Based on feedback loops and information persistence-Interpersonal and technological channels in use-Based on cross boundary learning and knowledge flow-Intuition
and allow data-sharing stimulus to support decisions-Information based; IT used to build applications centred on processes rather than on functions,
and information flow through the firm; firm's self-organising capability-Cooperative sustainabiliit net-Network's self-organisation-Continuous learning/adaptation-Creativity in decisionmakkin Operations-Focus on understanding
functional silos removed (information flow)- Systemic processes/systems Downloaded by University of Bucharest at 05:04 03 december 2014 A framework, with embedded FTA,
Living systems share matter, information and energy with their external environments: there is simultaneous autonomy and interdependence.
The information and knowledge which are shared throughout the business networks can lead to the networks'adaptation and evolution,
Dialogue and information-sharing, founded on trust, are pre-requirements. Features of universal ethics or universal principles and those of respect (Zohar 1990;
and monitoring relevant information to keep the business on track of its vision of sustainability Strategy Performance, environment, capabilities, constraints, opportunities,
An information architecture to enable business sustainability. Phd thesis. Manchester: University of Manchester. Cajazeira, J. E. R. 1997.
The key to regaining competitive Edge in Competing in Information age strategic alignment in practice, coord. J. N. Luftman.
Monitor the business C It is to monitor all necessary information of how the business is running
Recently, information visualization techniques have been used with corporate data to map several LDRD investment areas for the purpose of understanding strategic overlaps and identifying potential opportunities for future development outside of our current technologies.
We have applied advanced information visualization tools to understand historical development validate strategic and tactical directions, and identify opportunities for future development for each of the five IAS mentioned above.
data, and tools Two different types of visualizations, each designed to provide different types of information,
a visualization tool that enables interactive navigation and query of an abstract information space. Link analysis maps were generated using Clearresearch,
With the Sandia-specific and additional DOE data, this set consisted of 5112 records. 3. 2. Similarity calculation LSA is a technique based on the vector space model that has found recent application in information retrieval.
and analysis. Vxinsight is a tool that allows visualization and navigation of an abstract information space,
During our meeting with the CIS area leader, we first K. W. Boyack, N. Rahal/Technological forecasting & Social Change 72 (2005) 1122 1136 1126 gathered information
However, specific information indicating the relationships between technology and IA and the explicit nature of the relationships between the technologies is hidden still.
This analysis added value in that the IA leads obtained information that assisted them in the evaluation and redirection of their R&d activities.
The visualization contained very detailed (and thus proprietary) information, and is shown not here. The result of the visualization pointed to specific technological efforts within an IA that could be combined to create a larger effort that could in turn attract future funding outside of the LDRD program.
and new ideas based on the information and patterns seen there. Fig. 6 shows the overall scatterplot comprising investment in LDRD by all of the U s. DOE's laboratories.
We have learned that it is important not to saturate the IA leads with the information from these analyses,
but rather to present some information, and then allow them to further explore the information on their own.
It is only as those with funding authority internalizing the results of such analyses, integrating them into their mental models,
The current approach of applying information visualization tools to the analysis of the LDRD portfolio enables a comprehensive assessment of the technological development trends occurring within our IAS.
In the near future, we plan to expand our scope to include not only the LDRD information from DOE laboratories,
Technol. 53 (9)( 2002) 764 774.6 J. Dowling, Information retrieval using latent semantic indexing and a semi-discrete matrix decomposition, Unpublished Bachelor's thesis
, Monash University, 2002.7 T. G. Kolda, D. P. O'Leary, A semidiscrete matrix decomposition for latent semantic indexing in information retrieval, ACM Trans.
Kevin W. Boyack is a Principal Member of Technical Staff (PMTS) in the Computation, Computers, Information,
Dr. Boyack's current interests and work are related to information visualization, knowledge domains, semantics, metrics and indicators, cognition,
His current areas of interest include the integration of information visualization technology with business intelligence. K. W. Boyack, N. Rahal/Technological forecasting & Social Change 72 (2005) 1122 1136 1136
Mortimer House, 37-41 Mortimer Street, London W1t 3jh, UK Technology analysis & Strategic management Publication details, including instructions for authors and subscription information:
http://dx. doi. org/10.1080/09537325.2012.715490 PLEASE SCROLL DOWN FOR ARTICLE Taylor & francis makes every effort to ensure the accuracy of all the information (the Content) contained in the publications on our platform.
and should be verified independently with primary sources of information. Taylor and Francis shall not be liable for any losses
and knowledge spaces 825 information and communication technology (ICT), differs vastly from the long term of a highly inert field, such as transportation infrastructure.
for example, through the application of life cycle analysis. The second aspect was to open the field towards more efficient use of ICTS in the processes, such as solutions for distance-based monitoring, the use of building information models,
and information about the location of the machinery. In order to achieve these aims, a structural openness for the adoption of new practices should be fostered.
and information security), on the layer of four Nordic countries (Finland, Sweden, Norway, and Denmark) and on the layer of the Nordic region as a strategic entirety.
Mortimer House, 37-41 Mortimer Street, London W1t 3jh, UK Technology analysis & Strategic management Publication details, including instructions for authors and subscription information:
http://www. tandfonline. com/loi/ctas20 Text mining of information resources to inform Forecasting Innovation Pathways Ying Guo a, Tingting Ma a, Alan L. Porter b & Lu
Ying Guo, Tingting Ma, Alan L. Porter & Lu Huang (2012) Text mining of information resources to inform Forecasting Innovation Pathways, Technology analysis & Strategic management, 24:8, 843-861, DOI:
http://dx. doi. org/10.1080/09537325.2012.715491 PLEASE SCROLL DOWN FOR ARTICLE Taylor & francis makes every effort to ensure the accuracy of all the information (the Content) contained in the publications on our platform.
and should be verified independently with primary sources of information. Taylor and Francis shall not be liable for any losses
8 september 2012,843 861 Text mining of information resources to inform Forecasting Innovation Pathways Ying Guoa Tingting Maa, Alan L. Porterb and Lu Huanga*aschool of Management and Economics, Beijing Institute of technology, Beijing, China;
These include innovation system modelling, text mining of Science, Technology & Innovation(‘ST&I')information resources, trend analyses, actor analyses,
Downloaded by University of Bucharest at 05:05 03 december 2014 Text mining of information resources 845 2. 2. Analysing NESTS NESTS comprise a loose category (Foxon et al. 2005;
Rather, this method gathers information pursuant to the various steps, quite willing to revisit the earlier steps as one learns more about the emerging technology
Downloaded by University of Bucharest at 05:05 03 december 2014 Text mining of information resources 847 Step J,
eliciting information on stakeholders and potential applications from text mining (Steps D and E; and consolidating empirical
In the long term, we believe that general Downloaded by University of Bucharest at 05:05 03 december 2014 Text mining of information resources 849 Figure 2. TDS for DSSCS in the USA. economic forces will favour innovation
Downloaded by University of Bucharest at 05:05 03 december 2014 Text mining of information resources 851 Figure 4. DSSC science overlay map.
The use of multiple information sources in conjunction with each other enriches perspective on how the NEST is being developed.
Downloaded by University of Bucharest at 05:05 03 december 2014 Text mining of information resources 853 Once such highly active players have been identified,
Downloaded by University of Bucharest at 05:05 03 december 2014 Text mining of information resources 855 sulphide Figure 6. Ingredients for the multipath exploration.
Figure 7 raises the desirability of life-cycle Downloaded by University of Bucharest at 05:05 03 december 2014 Text mining of information resources 857 analyses to consider likely life span, maintainability, material transformation
We illustrate the use of multiple information resources in conjunction with expert opinion to inform FIP, with special attention to the experiences in devising a TDS model
Based on factor analysis, these are grouped into macrodisciipline (the labels shown in Figure 4). For more information,
Gratzel and colleagues continue to lead the field. 5. Table 2 does not include the full updated information through 2009 and 2010.
Downloaded by University of Bucharest at 05:05 03 december 2014 Text mining of information resources 859 Guo, Y.,L. Huang,
Industrialization in the information age. International Journal of Applied Engineering Education 1, no. 5: 321 8. Scapolo, F.,A l. Porter,
or#2 or#3 or#4 Combined search terms Downloaded by University of Bucharest at 05:05 03 december 2014 Text mining of information resources 861 Appendix 2. Different generations of solar cells Material
methods to get information for discussion on strategies of sustainable growth through science and technology. It seeks to address the combination of outputs in an objective manner to identify expected areas of future innovation toward the desired future as well as related areas that are supposed to play a key part.
Information from the Delphi method and scenario is converged using text mining to position scientific and technological areas in a big picture.
It suggests the potential of combining outputs by capitalizing on the full value of the information obtained.
Converging technologies, collaboration or fusion of several fields (nanotechnology, biotechnology, information technology, and cognitive science) have been given attention since the mid-2000s.
and information from other sources is expected to be interpreted (Mietzner and Reger, 2005). The Delphi method is regarded as one of the useful information sources for scenario (Loveridge, 1999.
The Delphi method is discussed also from the viewpoint of a combination with road mapping (Kanama et al. 2008).
what cooperation and convergence among scientific and technological areas will be required to address four challenges by combining information to draw up the whole picture of future science
All the information from scenario building is dependent on each theme. Events that may have implicit impact and base or general-purpose technologies tend to have little chance of being mentioned. 3. 2 Procedure of combination Text mining is employed to combine information from two sources, i e.
Delphi and the scenarios by group work. The keywords that frequently appear in and are characteristic to each scenario were extracted.
Information on key areas from the Delphi survey is added to the map to discuss the overall view of science
''3.‘‘Health information infrastructure for eliminating disparities'';''4.‘‘Stable supply of food'';''and 5.‘‘Safely securing fossil and mineral resources''.
The‘‘Socialization of information''area in the category of‘‘Others''gained an especially high expectation,
The area addresses the issue of constructing a new information society system where ICT underpins the basic infrastructure of society,
-B New principle for information and communication 05-G Space technologies (including space medicine) 09-A Base materials for nanotechnologyb 09-B Output (device, systemization and applied
They provided information about scientific and technological possibilities and promoting factors toward specific social goals as well as the potential of each local region.
using information from Delphi and scenario to get a whole picture of science and technology toward the desired future.
Combination of information obtained from studies conducted independently under a common framework could be regarded as an acceptable approach to take every advantage of method employed
VOL. 15 NO. 1 2013 jforesight jpage 17 Loveridge, D. 1999),‘Foresight and Delphi processes as information sources for scenario planning'',Ideas In progress Paper No. 11, Policy
Research policy makers need specific information and insight on how the structured view of the future provided by foresight affects their strategic planning.
but also specific information on how this view affects their strategic planning. The key challenge is that research policy makers are not a homogeneous group, even within a single institution,
Transparent information and communication is also crucial and requires managing content and channels while taking into consideration the needs of various stakeholder groups.
The experts here are not necessarily stakeholders in the strategic dialogue but primarily sources of information.
The information obtained is used to generate initial hypotheses. 4. 4 Step 4: Desk research and‘‘straw man''structure Issues that were raised
This information is not always readily available given the wide range of possible funding bodies as well as the fact that the subject of the strategic dialogue is likely to be novel
Expansion towards external stakeholders Based on the collected information from various sources the issues to be addressed in the further course of the process can be expressed with greater precision.
VOL. 15 NO. 1 2013 jforesight jpage 25 For the BMBF, a wealth of structured information has been generated that allows formulating a future vision and recommendations for research policy initiatives,
Overtext Web Module V3.0 Alpha
Copyright Semantic-Knowledge, 1994-2011