In the field of foresight, the idea of systemicity, and especially the anticipation of potential system failures, has become a key rationale.
In the context of Victoria's construction industry, the question of strategic intervention is motivated basically by the rather‘conservative'nature of the field.
Roadmap of environmentally sustainable ICT, Finland 5. 1 Background The second case study is a roadmap of an emerging systemic field:
or by different financial activities to back up new public and private actors in the field. The third set of policies focus on the regulation and demand-side
The second case study (environmentally sustainable ICT in Finland) was an example of a more focused exercise that envisaged the outlines of an emerging systemic and strategic field.
or become a replacement policy framework in some fields (e g. in the case of new EU Member States).
and deepen collaborattio between European funding organisations in field of wood material science in order to coordinate use of research funds Ad hoc process to support joint programme preparation of Member States and
coordiinat activities and work towards a common research agenda and mutual research funding activities in field of animal health Structured long-term foresight process to develop,
and supported novel research collaboration across research fields Foresight exercise is multi-disciplinary. It aims to include stakeholders from other disciplines in priority setting
by developing a framework for the field of wood material science, consisting of four research areas and 23 sub-areas.
Thematic instruments are the Standing committee on Agricultural Research (SCAR) in the field of agriculture, and European Industrial Initiatives and the European Energy Research Alliance in the field of energy. 13.
For example: JTIS make use of Framework Prograamm 7 support services such as the IPR Helpdesk(<www. ipr-helpdesk. org>accessed 15 march 2012)
and researchers (Mendonc¸a et al. 2009) Emerging issues Beyond horizon scanning the concept of emerging issues is used also in the area of risk assessment (Marvin et al. 2009), in the field of environmental issues (Sutherland et al. 2010) and in organisations in their environmental scanning (Morrison 1992).
First, the selection of the experts in the field could bias the outcomes. Respondents may be inclined to contribute their personal interests rather than results from open thinking (even with ideas which compete with their own interests.
Within the SESTI project, a number of foresight reports in the field of energy and healthcare were processed with text-mining.
and analysis phases where there is an explicit focus on certain fields and issues. Comparing the SESTI experience with experiences from other horizon scanning processes,
when the fields are specified and the scanning starts from well-defined fields such as energy, conservation or science and policy (cf.
The value of the more‘conventional'methods like expert surveys, literature review and conferennc visits is more relevant for targeted tasks requiring expert inputs like reviewing the state-of-the-art in a given field, searching for comprehensive reports on weak signals
Also inputs about links from field experts and futurists. Clusters are based on occurrence of similar words in text files and through attached criteria of collected weak signals.
as outlined above, the specific nature of the field examined, as well as the significant importance of the human factor in creating,
Here, there may be bias to align scanning exercises along well-established fields or to follow path-dependent institutioona structures (Ko nno la
the coverage of different fields of expertise, types of affiliations, cultural backgrounds, organizational functions or personal values.
Schoen, A.,Ko nno la, T.,Warnke, P.,Barre',R. and Kuhlmann, S. 2011)‘ Tailoring foresight to field specificities',Futures, 43: 232 42.
'and are therefore in the background of fields in which Fraunhofer should be active. There was no longstanding process to formulate these types of megatrends or challenges.
The new version of the German‘hightech strategy'1 (Bundesministerium fu r Bildung und Forschung 2010) has defined needs-oriented fields (Bedarfsfelder in German) and key technologies as a frame
But it is impossible to think of Germany meanwhile without its global context. the fields of the hightech strategy are:.
supporting cross-domain cooperation in order to become the best in the respective field, and gaining broad acceptance for the distributed Fraunhofer entities.
and clustered into solution fields. 3) Generating a long list and selecting five appropriate Fraunhofer challenges from it:
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