| Mining generale (144) |  |
| Mining generale (144) | |
QUARTZ TUNING FORK The small QCL has only become available in recent years, Tittel says, and is far better able to detect trace amounts of gas than lasers used in the past.
What makes the technique possible is the small quartz tuning fork, which vibrates at a specific frequency
The laser beam is focused between the two prongs of the quartz tuning fork. When light at a specific wavelength is absorbed by the gas of interest
and that excites the quartz tuning fork. he tuning fork is a piezoelectric element, so when the wave causes it to vibrate,
and reduce the dependence on gas, coal and oil.""We all get heat from sun. We feel it on our bodies
and the human contribution can arise from activities such as mining, large construction works or water extraction for irrigation.
human-induced subsidence caused by mining activities in Spain and Poland. And the diversity of cases investigated showed that DORIS technology can be applied across Europe, according to the team.
But others are getting involved, such as mining companies, builders and developers, and utility and transport companies,
sucking out their water, minerals and carbohydrates. The broomrape or Orobanche does not use chlorophyll, the green pigment critical for photosynthesis in most plants,
"Dulse, which is an"excellent source"of minerals, vitamins and antioxidants and contains a high percentage of protein,
Fusion power designs aren t cheap enough to outperform systems that use fossil fuels such as coal and natural gas.
when scaled up to the size of a large electrical power plant would rival costs for a new coal fired plant with similar electrical output.
while a coal plant of the same output would cost $2. 8 billion according to their analysis. f we do invest in this type of fusion we could be rewarded
QUARTZ TUNING FORK The small QCL has only become available in recent years, Tittel says, and is far better able to detect trace amounts of gas than lasers used in the past.
What makes the technique possible is the small quartz tuning fork, which vibrates at a specific frequency
The laser beam is focused between the two prongs of the quartz tuning fork. When light at a specific wavelength is absorbed by the gas of interest
and that excites the quartz tuning fork. he tuning fork is a piezoelectric element, so when the wave causes it to vibrate,
and developed the ability to react with oxide minerals rather than breathe oxygen as we do to convert organic nutrients into biological fuel.
minerals, supplements, and liquids to suit each cow. As the trough swings clear at the end of milking,
and it adjusts food supplements, minerals and medicines for each animal. As for the farmer, aside from filling the hoppers,
Panasonic has found a way to bind the Tio2 to another particle zeolite (a commercial adsorbent and catalyst)
When the novel photocatalytic particles are stirred Tio2 is released from the zeolite and dispersed throughout the water.
If the water is left still it will cause Tio2 to bind to zeolite again making it easy to separate
Building on existing geolocation technologies, future swath control could save on seed, minerals, fertilizer and herbicides by reducing overlapping inputs.
Spectography is used often to identify gems, and CEO Dror Oren adds, f someone wants to offer an application for diamonds that costs $1, 000,
that the kind of platform we want to build. Other companies working in the portable spectrometer space have used also the technology to track calories eaten and nutritional intake through a user sweat.
A geothermal system with eight, 20-foot deep boreholes uses a heat pump to heat and cool the home floors
Nickel usually catalyses the formation of thick layers of graphite. But by using a layer of nickel less than 300 nanometres thick
the mining would be the culmination of decades of technological effort and exploration.""Lockheed martin (US) in the end did more development
and a deep-seabed-mining consultant. The venture could add#40#billion (US$60#billion) to the UK economy over the next 30#years,
Cameron s government sponsored Lockheed s claim to the 58,000-square-kilometre potential mining site through the company s subsidiary UK Seabed Resources in London.
PAUL JACKMAN/NATUREHARVESTING nodules is technically easier than mining the mineral-rich remnants of non-active hydrothermal vents on the sea floor,
Cindy Van Dover, director of the Duke university Marine Laboratory in Beaufort, North carolina, has worked on assessments of deep-sea mining impacts.
Delta Drone in France is using the platform for open-air mining operations, search-and-rescue missions,
Now researchers at MIT and King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals (KFUPM) in Saudi arabia have devised a robotic system that can detect leaks at a rapid pace and with high accuracy by sensing a large pressure
and at the American Control Conference in Portland, Ore. Current acoustic tests are only effective for detecting sound and vibration in metal pipes,
#Nanoparticle network could bring fast-charging batteries (Phys. org) A new electrode design for lithium-ion batteries has been shown to potentially reduce the charging time from hours to minutes by replacing the conventional graphite electrode with a network of tin-oxide nanoparticles.
The anodes in most of today's lithium-ion batteries are made of graphite. The theoretical maximum storage capacity of graphite is limited very at 372 milliamp hours per gram hindering significant advances in battery technology said Vilas Pol an associate professor of chemical engineering at Purdue University.
The researchers have performed experiments with a porous interconnected tin-oxide based anode which has nearly twice the theoretical charging capacity of graphite.
The researchers demonstrated that the experimental anode can be charged in 30 minutes and still have a capacity of 430 milliamp hours per gram (mah g 1)
which is greater than the theoretical maximum capacity for graphite when charged slowly over 10 hours.
very low electrical resistance high thermal conductivity and mechanically stretchable yet harder than diamond. Now ORC researchers have developed molybdenum di-sulphide (Mos2) a similar material to graphene that shares many of its properties including extraordinary electronic conduction
#Team develops ultra sensitive biosensor from molybdenite semiconductor Move over graphene. An atomically thin two-dimensional ultrasensitive semiconductor material for biosensing developed by researchers at UC Santa barbara promises to push the boundaries of biosensing technology in many fields from health care to environmental protection to forensic industries.
Based on molybdenum disulfide or molybdenite (Mos2) the biosensor materialsed commonly as a dry lubricanturpasses graphene's already high sensitivity offers better scalability
a solid mineral found in eggshells, the shells of various marine organisms, calcium supplements and cement.
According to co-author Professor Bert Sels of hape-selective zeolite catalysis for bioplastics productionthe production process for PLA is expensive because of the intermediary steps."
"We speed up and guide the chemical process in the reactor with a zeolite as a catalyst,
added Co-author and postdoctoral researcher Michiel Dusselier. eolites are porous minerals. By selecting a specific type on the basis of its pore shape,
we were able to convert lactic acid directly into the building blocks for PLA without making the larger by-products that do not fit into the zeolite pores. ur new method has compared several advantages to the traditional technique:
"Shape-selective zeolite catalysis for bioplastics production"Author (s: Michiel Dusselier, Pieter Van Woude, Annelies Dewaele, Pierre Jacobs,
it turns into diamonds. Turning smog into diamonds would require too much energy but the designer, who has created also solar bike paths in The netherlands,
and glow in the dark roads, had another idea. He envisioned a mog Free Towerthat would operate using the same air purifying technology hospitals do.
The new concoction is composed of powdered marble, tranexamic acid --which blocks a clot-dissolving enzyme--and the clotting enzyme thrombin.
Crystal structures on the sea sapphire's back appear differently depending on the angle of reflection September 2nd, 2015using DNA origami to build nanodevices of the future September 1st,
consists of a 200 nanometre thin layer of yttrium iron garnet (a mineral and magnetic insulator, YIG in short), with a conducting platinum strip on top of that on both sides.
Graphite Has Unique Properties for Valuable Graphene Applications, According to Ben-Gurion U. Researchers September 28th, 2015a new single-molecule tool to observe enzymes at work September 28th,
Graphite Has Unique Properties for Valuable Graphene Applications, According to Ben-Gurion U. Researchers September 28th, 2015a new single-molecule tool to observe enzymes at work September 28th,
Graphite Has Unique Properties for Valuable Graphene Applications, According to Ben-Gurion U. Researchers September 28th, 2015a new single-molecule tool to observe enzymes at work September 28th,
Berkeley Lab researchers produce first ultrathin sheets of perovskite hybrids September 26th, 2015announcements Zenyatta Ventures Ltd.
Graphite Has Unique Properties for Valuable Graphene Applications, According to Ben-Gurion U. Researchers September 28th, 2015a new single-molecule tool to observe enzymes at work September 28th,
Berkeley Lab researchers produce first ultrathin sheets of perovskite hybrids September 26th, 2015interviews/Book reviews/Essays/Reports/Podcasts/Journals/White papers A new single-molecule
Berkeley Lab researchers produce first ultrathin sheets of perovskite hybrids September 26th, 2015tools A new single-molecule tool to observe enzymes at work September 28th,
Removing salt and other minerals from our biggest available source of water--seawater--may help satisfy a growing global population thirsty for fresh water for drinking, farming, transportation, heating, cooling and industry.
made of graphite with additional compounds bonded to the edges of two-dimensional sheets of graphene that make up the material.
The new catalytic material is described in a paper published in JACS, the Journal of the American Chemical Society("Graphite-Conjugated Pyrazines as Molecularly Tunable Heterogeneous Electrocatalysts"),by MIT assistant professor of chemistry Yogesh Surendranath
His team was able to accomplish that by taking graphite and finding a way to chemically modify its surface to give it the desired tunability.
The project so far includes instructions for making your own soil moisture sensors (based on the gypsum mineral found in plaster of paris;
together with low cost gypsum soil moisture sensors, provides all that. heck out the video below to learn more.
The prototype developed in the Research Department in Zeolites, at the Institute of Science of the Meritorious University of Puebla (BUAP), in center Mexico,
Methanol is used as a refrigerant and as zeolite (mineral) as an adsorbent. Toledo Flores says the system has two stages, during the day"warming,
Solar energy heats the zeolite and increases the methanol vapor pressure, the refrigerant is condensed and stored in a tank flowing to the evaporator."
and is adsorbed again by zeolite generating cooling temperatures of five degrees Celsius. The adsorption process continues all night until morning."
thereby knows how many zeolite to use. She also considers the room temperature, in this case of 20 degrees Celsius.
Yet fossil fuels, especially coal, will remain a significant source of energy to meet human needs for the foreseeable future.
"The methodology is founded on molecularly dissociating water pollutants to recover the minerals necessary and sufficient in order for the human body to function properly nourished,
and Mining engineering and Agricultural production of UPM shows that the biochar produced from manure of cattle,
Although superconductivity has already been observed in intercalated bulk graphite--three-dimensional crystals layered with alkali metal atoms,
based on the graphite used in pencils--inducing superconductivity in single-layer graphene has eluded until now scientists.""Decorating monolayer graphene with a layer of lithium atoms enhances the graphene's electron-phonon coupling to the point where superconductivity can be induced,
Although superconductivity has already been observed in intercalated bulk graphite--three-dimensional crystals layered with alkali metal atoms,
based on the graphite used in pencils--inducing superconductivity in single-layer graphene has eluded until now scientists.""Decorating monolayer graphene with a layer of lithium atoms enhances the graphene's electron-phonon coupling to the point where superconductivity can be induced,
Yet fossil fuels, especially coal, will remain a significant source of energy to meet human needs for the foreseeable future.
and too high-maintenance, said Tony Jun Huang, Penn State professor of engineering science and mechanics. ore importantly,
The technique called quartz-enhanced photoacoustic absorption spectroscopy (QEPAS invented at Rice by Tittel, Professor Robert Curl and their collaborators in 2002,
What makes the technique possible is the small quartz tuning fork, which vibrates at a specific frequency when stimulated."
"The laser beam is focused between the two prongs of the quartz tuning fork. When light at a specific wavelength is absorbed by the gas of interest,
and that excites the quartz tuning fork.""The tuning fork is a piezoelectric element, so when the wave causes it to vibrate,
"Using papermaking techniques on oxidized graphite and regeneration are the two basic methods for producing graphene,
to ensure that the graphite is oxidized completely.""Also, the graphene oxide will regenerate before the washing process and in the presence of oxidizers
According to the U s. Environmental protection agency coal-and natural gas-fired plants were responsible for one-third of U s. greenhouse gas emissions in 2012.
including long haul transportation and trucking, agriculture (tractors), mining and off-road vehicles, motorcycles, diesel trains, generators, container ships and aircraft, among others.
Imaging Scientists film shock waves in diamond: X-ray laser opens up new avenues of research in material science June 18th, 2015a new way to image surfaces on the nanoscale:
Method could be useful in developing green energy and a better understanding of rust June 18th, 2015news and information Scientists film shock waves in diamond:
2015cellulose from wood can be printed in 3-D June 17th, 2015new Sensors Measure Blood Anticoagulation Drug June 17th, 2015discoveries Scientists film shock waves in diamond:
/Essays/Reports/Podcasts/Journals/White papers Scientists film shock waves in diamond: X-ray laser opens up new avenues of research in material science June 18th,
#Hematite're-growth'smoothes rough edges for clean energy harvest (Nanowerk News) Finding an efficient solar water splitting method to mine electron-rich hydrogen for clean
power has been thwarted by the poor performance of hematite. But by'regrowing'the mineral's surface, a smoother version of hematite doubled electrical yield, opening a new door to energy harvesting artificial photosynthesis,
according to a report published online today in the journal Nature Communications("Enabling Unassisted Solar Water Splitting by Iron Oxide and Silicon").
"Re-grown hematite proved to be a better power generating anode, producing a record low turn-on voltage that enabled the researchers to be the first to use earth-abundant hematite
and silicon as the sole light absorbers in artificial photosynthesis, said Boston College associate professor of chemistry Dunwei Wang,
By smoothing the surface of hematite, a team of researchers led by Boston College chemist Dunwei Wang achieved'unassisted'water splitting using the abundant rust-like mineral and silicon to capture and store solar energy within hydrogen gas.
NPG) The new hydrogen harvesting process achieved an overall efficiency of 0. 91 percent, a'modest'mark in and of itself,
but the first'meaningful efficiency ever measured by hematite and amorphous silicon, two of the most abundant elements On earth,'the team reported.'
'By simply smoothing the surface characteristics of hematite, this close cousin of rust can be improved to couple with silicon,
'Wang said the findings represent an important step toward realizing the potential performance theoretical models have predicted for hematite, an iron oxide similar to rust.'
which included researchers from Boston College, UC Berkeley and China's University of Science and Technology, decided to focus on hematite's surface imperfections,
The team reevaluated hematite surface features using a synchrotron particle accelerator at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory.
The team reported that further modifications to the new hematite-silicon method make it amenable to large-scale utilization.
Furthermore, the're-growth'technique may be applicable to other materials under study for additional breakthroughs in artificial photosynthesis.'It is a delight to see that a simple re-growth treatment can do so much to improve the performance of hematite,
'Due to its prior poor performance, hematite has been pronounced'dead'by many leading researchers in the field.
so excruciating that it is called often the one breaker, causing severe pain in the joints and abdomen, vomiting,
Together they formed Team Turquoise to make their hypothesis a reality. Co-creator Nell Bennett explained how doppel represents truly empathic wearable technology
Team Turquoise says prototype models have been tested successfully on hundreds of people. They say doppel was tested also independently by psychologists at Royal Holloway University of London;
Bilicki, along with the rest of Team Turquoise, believe doppel is a unique and game-changing addition to the burgeoning wearable technology market."
"We speed up and guide the chemical process in the reactor with a zeolite as a catalyst.
Zeolites are porous minerals. By selecting a specific type on the basis of its pore shape,
we were able to convert lactic acid directly into the building blocks for PLA without making the larger by-products that do not fit into the zeolite pores.
#Perovskites provide big boost to silicon solar cells Stacking perovskites onto a conventional silicon solar cell dramatically improves the overall efficiency of the cell,
The researchers describe their novel perovskite-silicon solar cell in this week edition of the journal Energy & Environmental science. ee been looking for ways to make solar panels that are more efficient and lower cost,
Perovskite is a crystalline material that is inexpensive and easy to produce in the lab. In 2009,
scientists showed that perovskites made of lead, iodide and methylammonium could convert sunlight into electricity with an efficiency of 3. 8 percent.
Since then, researchers have achieved perovskite efficiencies above 20 percent, rivaling commercially available silicon solar cells and spawning widespread interest among silicon manufacturers. ur goal is to leverage the silicon factories that already exist around the world,
and add a layer of perovskite at relatively low cost. Sunlight to electricity Solar cells work by converting photons of sunlight into an electric current that moves between two electrodes.
while perovskite cells harvest only the visible part of the solar spectrum where the photons have more energy.
perovskite stacked on top of CIGS (copper indium gallium diselenide). COURTESY: Colin Bailie, Stanford bsorbing the high-energy part of the spectrum allows perovskite solar cells to generate more power per photon of visible light than silicon cells,
Bailie said. A key roadblock to building an efficient perovskite-silicon tandem has been a lack of transparency. olin had to figure out how to put a transparent electrode on the top
so that some photons could penetrate the perovskite layer and be absorbed by the silicon at the bottom,
Mcgehee said. o one had made ever a perovskite solar cell with two transparent electrodes. Perovskites are damaged easily by heat and readily dissolve in water.
This inherent instability ruled out virtually all of the conventional techniques for applying electrodes onto the perovoskite solar cell
so Bailie did it manually. e used a sheet of plastic with silver nanowires on it, he said. hen we built a tool that uses pressure to transfer the nanowires onto the perovskite cell, kind of like a temporary tattoo.
You just need to rub it to transfer the film. Remarkable efficiency For the experiment, the Stanford team stacked a perovskite solar cell with an efficiency of a 12.7 percent on top of a low-quality silicon cell with an efficiency of just 11.4 percent. y combining two cells
with approximately the same efficiency you can get a very large efficiency boost, Bailie said.
The researchers stacked a 12.7 percent efficiency perovskite cell onto a CIGS cell with a 17 percent efficiency.
if not all of the layers in a perovskite cell can be deposited from solution, it might be possible to upgrade conventional solar cells into higher-performing tandems with little increase in cost,
A big unanswered question is the long-term stability of perovskites, Mcgehee added. ilicon is a rock,
But if you expose perovskite to water or light it likely will degrade. We have a ways to go to show that perovskite solar cells are stable enough to last 25 years.
My vision is that some day wel be able to get low-cost tandems that are 25 percent efficient.
because silicon always adopt diamond-like structure but not honeycomb structures, he said. t also very unstable when exposed to oxygen.
who is managing the research project from BP side. xpanding the product slate to include aviation fuels
they try to optimize the overall product slate. Adds Scown, nother important advantage offered by our process is that it enables refineries to convert a portion of the bagasse,
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