#HIV vaccine: Pushing the Envelope A new study led by scientists at Harvard Medical school and Beth Israel Deaconess Medical center demonstrates that a heterologous prime-boost HIV-1 vaccine regimen protected 50 percent of vaccinated nonhuman primates against challenges with the simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV),
To develop their system the researchers used the information of almost 40,000 breast cancer patients from The netherlands Cancer Registry (NKR, Nederlandse Kankerregistratie), a unique database in which all information about the occurrence,
survival and deaths of all instances of cancer in The netherlands have been registered since 1989. Follow-upwith this system
#Graphene-Based Biosensor Could Detect Cancer within Minutes One of the main reasons why treating most cancers is such a difficult task is our inability to detect its presence before it becomes widespread.
The new, graphene-based immunosensor could soon lead to a quantum leap in cancer diagnosis. Image credit:
researchers at Trinity college Dublin are currently developing a highly-efficient biosensor that could pick up even the slightest presence of cancer within the body in mere minutes.
it took graphene to also make it sensitive to cancer. e showed experimentally that simply the addition of graphene led to a clear increase in the sensor signal, aid Dr. Georg Duesberg,
since it can be adapted to almost any type of disease markers. ven though the SPR sensor is not the only method scientists are currently developing for cancer screening,
thus providing earlier diagnosis and prognosis of conditions such as cancer, said Dr. Andreas Holzinger, another researcher involved in the study.
It a discovery that could unlock secrets into how cancer operates a disease that two in five Canadians will develop in their lifetime. cientists knew that severely injured DNA was taken to specialized ospitalsin the cell to be repaired,
it has irregular cell instructions a scenario that could cause cancer. his process allows cells to survive an injury,
and roads while conducting a study to see what role they might play in causing cancer. e expect that this may allow us to identify targets for a new class of anticancer drugs.?
inflammation and cancer, is reported on today in the research journal Nature Methods. The examination of epigenomes requires mapping DNA interactions with a certain protein in the entire genome.
the team plans to use this technology to study other epigenomic changes involved in inflammation and cancer in the near future.
The innovative approach may lead to more effective therapies with fewer side effects, particularly for diseases such as cancer, heart disease and neurodegenerative disorders.
and cancer as well as to use this structure to screen for drug compounds that are designed to treat these diseases with far fewer side effects,
and when they become dysfunctional it can lead to devastating diseases such as cancer, said Wei Liu,
and make important progress in the fight against cancer and other incurable human diseases. a
Now, researchers at MIT Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research and Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) have created a polymer gel that overcomes this safety concern
Because these immune-system cells play important roles in a wide range of diseases, from diabetes to AIDS to cancer, the achievement provides a versatile new tool for research on T cell function,
a protein that has attracted intense interest in the burgeoning field of cancer immunotherapy, as scientists have shown that using drugs to block PD-1 coaxes T cells to attack tumors.
The CRISPR/Cas9 system has captured the imagination of both scientists and the general public, because it makes it possible to easily
#Scientists decipher the molecular basis of an as yet incurable leukemia in children Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common type of cancer in children.
differing by specific changes in the genetic material of the leukemia cells, but also by their response to therapies.
and Zurich has succeeded in decoding the molecular characteristics of an as yet incurable subtype of leukemia,
resulting in the formation of a new oncogenic protein encoded by parts of the genes TCF3 and HLF, respectively (TCF3-HLF-positive leukemia cells).
which has shown already efficiency in other type of cancers. Source: MP s
#Paralyzed men move legs with new noninvasive spinal cord stimulation Five men with complete motor paralysis were able to voluntarily generate step-like movements thanks to a new strategy that non-invasively delivers electrical
giving the option of more personalised diagnosis and treatment to cancer patients.""It's not ready for prime time yet,
#Lab on chip device to shed light on how cancer spreads 19 may 2015these rare circulating tumour cells (CTCS) can be found at low levels in a cancer patient bloodstream
the spread of cancer from one part of the body to another. The new device-which is described in a Nature Methods paper is expected to enable researchers to capture clusters of these cells
melanoma or prostate cancer successfully captured CTC clusters in from 30 to 40 percent of samples from each group.
an observation that could have important implications with the increased attention to immune-system-based cancer therapies. e are only at the beginning of our quest to understand the role and biology of CTC clusters,
About $70 million will go to the National Cancer Institute, a subsection of the NIH, so it can increase its efforts to identify genetic mutations that contribute to a person's cancer risk.
The FDA, for its part, will receive $10 million to improve its databases, as well as the technologies used to analyze DNA.
#HPV Vaccine Is Effective Against Multiple Cancer-Causing Strains The human papillomavirus vaccine, Cervarix, not only has the potential to prevent cervical cancer,
it is also effective against other common cancer-causing stains, according to a recent study. Researchers found that Cervavix was effective aside from just the two HPV types, 16 and 18,
which are responsible for about 70 percent of all cases.""The study confirms that targeting young adolescent girls before sexual debut for prophylactic HPV vaccination has a substantial impact on the incidence of high grade cervical abnormalities,"researcher Dan Apter,
Cervarix, not only has the potential to prevent cervical cancer, but was effective against other common cancer-causing human papillomaviruses, aside from just the two HPV types, 16 and 18,
which are responsible for about 70 percent of all cases. For the study, researchers collected and analyzed data from nearly 20,000 young women.
including up to 100 percent of those with the immediate precursor grade to cancer. The women were followed for up to four years post-vaccination.
The study is the final report from the Papilloma Trial Against Cancer in Young Adults (PATRICIA), a multinational clinical trial encompassing 14 countries in Europe, the Asia-Pacific region
and the United states. While the trial did not investigate the vaccine's efficacy in males, sexually transmitted HPV causes anogenital and head and neck cancers in both males and females.
and neck cancers now number around 8, 400 in the United states, annually.""The more adolescents are vaccinated,
"Cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer among women. In the United states, about 12,000 new cases,
and 4, 000 deaths occur annually, according to the SEER database of the National Cancer Institute.
#After Celgene Deal, Juno Revs Armored CAR For Ovarian Cancer Trial Juno Therapeutics has built remarkable momentumncluding last week much-dissected $1 billion deal with Celgenepon
early success treating leukemia and lymphoma patients with a first generation of experimental T cell therapies developed by its academic partners.
engineered to become better cancer killers, and reinserted into the patient. CAR stands for chimeric antigen receptor,
an upcoming Phase 1 trial will treat patients with relapsed ovarian cancer, one of many solid-tissue tumors that are expected to be a much higher hurdle for the field of cell-based immunotherapy.
Though T cells still have much left to prove in blood-borne cancers, which are relatively rare,
scientists want to use the technology to target a cancer like ovarian, which will kill an estimated 14,000 women in the U s. this year. he big question is, an you cross over to solid tumors?'
'says Renier Brentjens, the director of cellular therapeutics at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center in New york and a Juno scientific founder.
Brentjens will begin to answer his own question soon. He tells Xconomy that in August
or September he will begin treating ovarian cancer patients with armored CAR-T cells, engineered to send out a chemical signal that recruits the patientsnon-engineered T cells to come join the attack. ee going full force forward,
says Brentjens. That extra boost is one of three main modifications. The cells will also zero in on a tumor cell target called MUC16
and they will carry a self-destruction switch that clinicians can trigger in case the cells get too aggressive, hit unintended targets,
Those modifications are meant to overcome some of the challenges solid tumors present, although Brentjens cautions not to expect the same results that CAR-T cells have shown so far in leukemia and lymphomaemission rates well above 50 percent.
Just as it did with some of the blood-cancer programs now under Juno roof, Sloan Kettering will run the trial.
Juno has license to the technology, says Juno chief financial officer Steve Harr. The trial is important on two fronts.
T cell therapies have treated relatively rare blood-borne cancers. If that the extent of the treatment reach,
and patients dream of the cells attacking solid tumors, which account for about 90 percent of all cancers.
The American Cancer Society estimates that ovarian cancer is the fifth-deadliest in the U s. he animal data have been compelling,
and we want to get this into patients, says Harr. The Sloan Kettering trial won be the first test of engineered T cells in solid tumors.
In a tiny six-person study reported in April, CAR-T cells from the University of Pennsylvania appeared to be safe.
NVS), reported the cells showed no effect on the tumors. And Juno partner, Seattle Children Hospital, has started just a Phase 1 CAR-T trial for children with neuroblastoma,
a cancer that develops from immature nerve cells. In the case of Brentjens cells, the protein that signals to other T cells to help with the attack, could be the difference.
Brentjens says by restricting the secretion of IL-12 to the area right around the tumor,
For example, people with a lot of tumor mass in their bodies might need to be monitored more closely.
Researchers at the University of California, Los angeles published work late last year that showed why certain patients responded well to a different kind of cancer immunotherapyn antibody called pembrolizumab (Keytruda.
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