scientists have tried targeting them to lymph nodes using nanoparticles to deliver them, or tagging them with antibodies specific to immune cells in the lymph nodes.
#Creating synthetic antibodies MIT chemical engineers have developed a novel way to generate nanoparticles that can recognize specific molecules, opening up a new approach to building durable sensors for many different compounds
The noninvasive diagnostic described in a recent issue of the journal ACS Nano relies on nanoparticles that detect the presence of thrombin a key blood-clotting factor.
which is an injectable nanoparticle and made it a thrombin sensor. The system consists of iron oxide nanoparticles
which the Food and Drug Administration has approved for human use coated with peptides (short proteins) that are specialized to interact with thrombin.
After being injected into mice the nanoparticles travel throughout the body. When the particles encounter thrombin the thrombin cleaves the peptides at a specific location releasing fragments that are excreted then in the animals urine.
Through application of the nanoparticles if proven well-tolerated and nontoxic alterations in the normal low levels of physiological thrombin generation might be detected easily says Spronk who was not part of the research team.
Other applications for the nanoparticle system could include monitoring and diagnosing cancer. It could also be adapted to track liver pulmonary
Among nanomaterials, carbon-based nanoparticles such as carbon nanotubes and graphene have shown promising results, but they suffer from relatively low electrical conductivity,
are not unique to carbon-based nanoparticles, and that niobium nanowire yarn is a promising an alternative. magine youe got some kind of wearable health-monitoring system,
#New study shows how nanoparticles can clean up environmental pollutants Many human-made pollutants in the environment resist degradation through natural processes,
researchers from MIT and the Federal University of Goiás in Brazil demonstrate a novel method for using nanoparticles
They initially sought to develop nanoparticles that could be used to deliver drugs to cancer cells. Brandl had synthesized previously polymers that could be cleaved apart by exposure to UV LIGHT.
Nanoparticles made from these polymers have a hydrophobic core and a hydrophilic shell. Due to molecular-scale forces
in a solution hydrophobic pollutant molecules move toward the hydrophobic nanoparticles, and adsorb onto their surface,
according to the researchers, was confirming that small molecules do indeed adsorb passively onto the surface of nanoparticles. o the best of our knowledge,
it is the first time that the interactions of small molecules with preformed nanoparticles can be measured directly,
we showed in a system that the adsorption of small molecules on the surface of the nanoparticles can be used for extraction of any kind,
#Researchers generate tiny images that contain over 300 colors A scheme for greatly increasing the number of colors that can be produced by arrays of tiny aluminum nanodisks has been demonstrated by A*STAR scientists.
In these arrays each pixel was an 800-nanometer-long square containing four aluminum nanodisks.
Consequently by varying the diameter of the four aluminum nanodisks in a pixel (all four nanodisks having the same diameter) the scientists were able to produce about 15 distinct colors#a good start
By allowing two pairs of diametrically opposite nanodisks to have different diameters from each other then varying the two diameters enabled them to increase this number to over 100.
Finally they generated over 300 colors by varying both the nanodisk diameter (but keeping all four diameters within a pixel the same) and the spacing between adjacent nanodisks in a pixel (see image).
This method is analogous to half-toning used in ink-based printing and results in a broad color gamut comments Yang.
#One nanoparticle six types of medical imaging It's technology so advanced that the machine capable of using it doesn't yet exist.
University at Buffalo researchers and their colleagues have designed a nanoparticle that can be detected by six medical imaging techniques:
In the future, patients could receive a single injection of the nanoparticles to have all six types of imaging done.
"This nanoparticle may open the door for new'hypermodal'imaging systems that allow a lot of new information to be obtained using just one contrast agent,
"When Lovell and colleagues used the nanoparticles to examine the lymph nodes of mice, they found that CT
One nanoparticle, 6 types of medical imaging This transmission electron microscopy image shows the nanoparticles, which consist of a core that glows blue
The research, Hexamodal Imaging with Porphyrin-Phospholipid-Coated Upconversion Nanoparticles, was published online Jan 14 in the journal Advanced Materials.
The researchers designed the nanoparticles from two components: An"upconversion"core that glows blue when struck by near-infrared light,
"Combining these two biocompatible components into a single nanoparticle could give tomorrow's doctors a powerful,
whether the nanoparticle is safe to use for such purposes, but it does not contain toxic metals such as cadmium that are known to pose potential risks
and found in some other nanoparticles.""""Another advantage of this core/shell imaging contrast agent is that it could enable biomedical imaging at multiple scales, from single-molecule to cell imaging,
Their work on high-resolution patterns of quantum dots is of interest as it shows that advanced techniques in e-jet printing offer powerful capabilities in patterning quantum dot materials from solution inks over large areas.
Writing in IEEE Spectrum on Monday Prachi Patel similarly made note that Quantum dots (QDS) are light-emitting semiconductor nanocrystals that used in light-emitting diodes (LEDS) hold the promise of brighter faster displays.
Princeton team explores 3d printed quantum dot LEDS More information: High-resolution Patterns of Quantum dots Formed by Electrohydrodynamic Jet Printing for Light-emitting diodes Nano Lett.
#Nanoparticles for clean drinking water One way of removing harmful nitrate from drinking water is to catalyse its conversion to nitrogen.
By using palladium nanoparticles as a catalyst, and by carefully controlling their size, this drawback can be eliminated partially.
This has resulted in palladium nanoparticles that can catalyse the conversion to nitrogen while producing very little ammonia.
which is entitled"Colloidal Nanoparticles as Catalysts and Catalyst Precursors for Nitrite Hydrogenation"on Thursday 15 january a
and bimetallic film over nanoparticles, a planar substrate for enhancing SERS signals. Together these technologies help to overcome interfering signals from the matrix background such as proteins in urine.
The bimetallic film over nanoparticles is coated also with osmium carbonyl clusters to which target-seeking antibodies can be conjugated for assaying A1at (see image).
#Researchers find exposure to nanoparticles may threaten heart health Nanoparticles extremely tiny particles measured in billionths of a meter are increasingly everywhere and especially in biomedical products.
but now a team of Israeli scientists has for the first time found that exposure nanoparticles (NPS) of silicon dioxide (Sio2) can play a major role in the development of cardiovascular diseases
and the Center of Excellence in Exposure Science and Environmental Health (TCEEH Environmental exposure to nanoparticles is becoming unavoidable due to the rapid expansion of nanotechnology says the study's lead author Prof.
and dispose of nanoparticles. Products that use silica-based nanoparticles for biomedical uses such as various chips drug or gene delivery and tracking imaging ultrasound therapy and diagnostics may also pose an increased cardiovascular
risk for consumers as well. In this study researchers exposed cultured laboratory mouse cells resembling the arterial wall cells to NPS of silicon dioxide
The aims of our study were to gain additional insight into the cardiovascular risk associated with silicon dioxide nanoparticle exposure
We also wanted to use nanoparticles as a model for ultrafine particle (UFP) exposure as cardiovascular disease risk factors.
Here researchers have discovered for the first time that the toxicity of silicon dioxide nanoparticles has a significant and substantial effect on the accumulation of triglycerides in the macrophages at all exposure concentrations analyzed
This reality leads to increased human exposure and interaction of silica-based nanoparticles with biological systems.
#Arming nanoparticles for cancer diagnosis and treatment UCD researchers have manipulated successfully nanoparticles to target two human breast cancer cell lines as a tool in cancer diagnosis and treatment.
Coating nanoparticles with different substances allows their interaction with cells to be tuned in a particular way.
For example using an optically active particle like gold (Au) will provide excellent contrast in near infrared (NIR) imaging
#'Trojan horse'proteins are step forward for nanoparticle-based anticancer and anti-dementia therapeutic approaches Scientists at Brunel University London have found a way of targeting hard-to-reach cancers
and degenerative diseases using nanoparticles but without causing the damaging side effects the treatment normally brings.
In a huge step forward in the use of nanomedicine the research helped discover proteins in the blood that disguise nanoparticles
Two studies Complement activation by carbon nanotubes and its influence on the phagocytosis and cytokine response by macrophages and Complement deposition on nanoparticles can modulate immune responses by macrophage B
This suggests that either coating nanoparticles or healthy tissue with complement proteins could reduce tissue damage
Using the data from this study carbon nanoparticles coated with genetically-engineered proteins are being used to target glioblastoma the most aggressive form of brain tumour.
By using a protein recognised by the immune system to effectively disguise carbon nanoparticles we will be able to deploy these tiny particles to target hard-to-reach areas without damaging side effects to the patient.
We used the quantum dots also known as nanoparticles as an ink Mcalpine said. We were able to generate two different colors orange and green.
For example it is not trivial to pattern a thin and uniform coating of nanoparticles and polymers without the involvement of conventional microfabrication techniques yet the thickness and uniformity of the printed films are two of the critical parameters that determine the performance
We're exploring the use of nanosphere materials other than polystyrene as well as nanoparticle shapes other than spheres Chang says.
#Atomic'mismatch'creates nano'dumbbells'Like snowflakes nanoparticles come in a wide variety of shapes and sizes.
The geometry of a nanoparticle is often as influential as its chemical makeup in determining how it behaves from its catalytic properties to its potential as a semiconductor component.
Thanks to a new study from the U s. Department of energy's (DOE) Argonne National Laboratory researchers are closer to understanding the process by which nanoparticles made of more than one material called heterostructured nanoparticles form.
Heterostructured nanoparticles can be used as catalysts and in advanced energy conversion and storage systems. Typically these nanoparticles are created from tiny seeds of one material on top of
which another material is grown. In this study the Argonne researchers noticed that the differences in the atomic arrangements of the two materials have a big impact on the shape of the resulting nanoparticle.
Before we started this experiment it wasn't entirely clear what's happening at the interface
In this study the researchers observed the formation of a nanoparticle consisting of platinum and gold.
Initially the gold covered the platinum seed's surface uniformly creating a type of nanoparticle known as core-shell.
As the gold continues to accumulate on one side of the seed nanoparticle small quantities slide down the side of the nanoparticle like grains of sand rolling down the side of a sand hill creating the dumbbell shape.
This is the first time anyone has been able to study the kinetics of this heterogeneous nucleation process of nanoparticles in real-time under realistic conditions said Argonne physicist Byeongdu Lee.
and the nanoscale which gave us a good view of how the nanoparticles form and transform.
This analysis of nanoparticle formation will help to lay the groundwork for the formation of new materials with different and controllable properties according to Shevchenko.
They have demonstrated for the first time the on-demand emission of electron pairs from a semiconductor quantum dot and verified their subsequent splitting into two separate conductors.
#Nanoparticle network could bring fast-charging batteries (Phys. org) A new electrode design for lithium-ion batteries has been shown to potentially reduce the charging time from hours to minutes by replacing the conventional graphite electrode with a network of tin-oxide nanoparticles.
The anode consists of an ordered network of interconnected tin oxide nanoparticles that would be practical for commercial manufacture
When tin oxide nanoparticles are heated at 400 degrees Celsius they self-assemble into a network containing pores that allow the material to expand
Without the proper pore size and interconnection between individual tin oxide nanoparticles the battery fails. The research paper was authored by Etacheri;
and are thus more durable than normal nanoparticles.""Nano meets Life"is the second motto of the TU Materials science researchers.
#Designing complex structures beyond the capabilities of conventional lithography Gold nanoparticles smaller than 10 nanometers spontaneously self-organize in entirely new ways
and Engineering in Singapore is helping to circumvent this limitation using a technique known as'directed self-assembly of nanoparticles'(DSA-n). This approach takes spherical nanoparticles that spontaneously organize into ordered two-dimensional films
when template constraints become comparable to the size of the nanoparticles. At these dimensions the small spheres can dislocate from typical periodic positions
With this system we can track the self-assembly of the nanoparticles according to the space accessible to them.
Using electron-beam lithography techniques the team carved out an array of inward tapering trenches designed to fit 1 to 3 rows of gold nanoparticles.
Last year materials scientist Chunmei Ban and her colleagues at the National Renewable energy Laboratory in Golden Colorado and the University of Colorado Boulder found that they could cover silicon nanoparticles with a rubberlike coating made from aluminum glycerol.
Researchers did not know how this coating improved the performance of the silicon nanoparticles. The nanoparticles naturally grow a hard shell of silicon oxide on their surface much like stainless steel forms a protective layer of chromium oxide on its surface.
No one understood if the oxide layer interfered with electrode performance and if so how the rubbery coating improved it.
So Yang He from the University of Pittsburgh explored the coated silicon nanoparticles in action at EMSL.
In the future the researchers would like to develop an easier method of coating the silicon nanoparticles. Explore further:
In situ Transmission Electron microscopy Probing of Native Oxide and Artificial Layers on Silicon Nanoparticles for Lithium ion batteries ACS Nano October 27 2014 DOI:
The first is the dispersion of calcium hydroxide nanoparticles in short chain alcohols for the consolidation of wall paintings plasters and stone.
The second is the dispersion of alkaline nanoparticles in either short chain alcohols or water for the ph control of movable works of art such as paper parchment and leather.
Dispersions of nanoparticles of calcium hydroxide for the consolidation of wall paintings plasters and stone are already available to conservators worldwide under the trademark Nanorestore.
Nanoparticles for the ph control of movable works of art (e g. paper wood canvas) have been branded under the trademark Nanorestore Paper;
and if the films were covered with catalytic nanoparticles such as platinum. The discovery makes monolayers of graphene
#Nanoparticles infiltrate kill cancer cells from within Conventional treatment seeks to eradicate cancer cells by drugs and therapy delivered from outside the cell
In contrast to conventional cancer therapy a University of Cincinnati team has developed several novel designs for iron-oxide based nanoparticles that detect diagnose
PTT uses the nanoparticles to focus light-induced heat energy only within the tumor harming no adjacent normal cells.
The UC study used the living cells of mice to successfully test the efficacy of their two-sided nanoparticle designs (one side for cell targeting and the other for treatment delivery) in combination with the PTT.
However the U s. Food and Drug Administration has approved now the use of iron-oxide nanoparticles in humans.
That means the photo-thermal effect of iron-oxide nanoparticles may show in the next decade a strong promise in human cancer therapy likely with localized tumors.
With this technology a low-power laser beam is directed at the tumor where a small amount of magnetic iron-oxide nanoparticles are present either by injecting the particles directly into the tumor
The laser light heats the nanoparticles to at least 43 degrees Celsius to kill the cancer cells ultimately leaving all the other cells in the body unharmed.
Future research in nanoparticle PTT will look at toxicity biodegradability and compatibility issues. Shi said that the team is currently looking for other diverse biodegradable materials to use for the carriers such as plant chlorophylls like those in cabbage that are both edible and photothermal.
NTU associate professors Zhang Qichun and Joachim Loo have found a way to make the nanoparticle light up
Prof Loo said their new biomarker can#also release anticancer drugs by creating a layer of coating loaded with drugs on the outside of the nanoparticle.#
#A gut reaction Queen's university biologist Virginia Walker and Queen's SARC Awarded Postdoctoral Fellow Pranab Das have shown nanosilver
The discovery is important as people are being exposed to nanoparticles every day. Nanosilver is used also in biomedical applications toys sunscreen cosmetics clothing and other items.
We were surprised to see significant upset of the human gut community at the lowest concentration of nanosilver in this study says Dr. Das.
To our knowledge this is the first time anyone has looked at this. It is important as we are exposed more and more to nanoparticles in our everyday lives through different routes such as inhalation direct contact or ingestion.
To conduct the research Drs. Walker and Das utilized another Queen's discovery repoopulate created by Elaine Petrof (Medicine.
In this instance rather than being used as therapy the synthetic stool was used to examine the impact of nanoparticles on the human gut.
The research showed that the addition of nanosilver reduced metabolic activity in the synthetic stool sample perturbed fatty acids
This information can help lead to an understanding of how nanoparticles could impact our gut ecosystem.
There is no doubt that the nanosilver shifted the bacterial community but the impact of nanosilver ingestion on our long-term health is currently unknown Dr. Walker says.
This is another area of research we need to explore. The findings by Drs. Das and Walker Julie AK Mcdonald (Kingston General Hospital) Dr. Petrof (KGH) and Emma Allen-Vercoe (University of Guelph) were published in the Journal of Nanomedicine and Nanotechnology.
#Study suggests light may be skewing lab tests on nanoparticles'health effects Truth shines a light into dark places.
That's what recent findings at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) show about methods for testing the safety of nanoparticles.
It turns out that previous tests indicating that some nanoparticles can damage our DNA may have been skewed by inadvertent light exposure in the lab. Nanoparticles made of titanium dioxide are a common ingredient in paint
scientists have accepted long that these nanoparticles would not damage cells by forming free radicals from light activation.
whether light was required indeed for the nanoparticles to cause DNA damage.""We didn't set out to test the safety of the particles themselveshat's for someone else to determine,
"The NIST team exposed samples of DNA to titanium dioxide nanoparticles under three different conditions: Some samples were exposed in the presence of visible
"The results suggest that titanium dioxide nanoparticles do not damage DNA when kept in the dark,
must be controlled carefully before drawing conclusions about nanoparticle effects on DNA
#Research team developing injectable treatment for soldiers wounded in battle Internal bleeding is a leading cause of death on the battlefield,
By inserting two-dimensional nanoplatelets into the hydrogel, the team was able to tweak the mechanical properties of material.
Gaharwar's nanoplatelets are one nanometer thick. Gaharwar and his colleagues employ two-dimensional, disc-shaped particles known as synthetic silicate nanoplatelets.
Because of their shape, these platelets have a high surface area, he explains. The structure, composition and arrangement of the platelets result in both positive and negative charges on each particle.
these disc-shaped nanoplatelets interact with blood to promote clotting, Gaharwar says, noting that animal models have shown clot formation occurring in about one minute as opposed to five minutes without the presence of these nanoparticles.
Animal model, he adds, also have demonstrated the formation of lifesaving clot formations when the enhanced biomaterial was used."
"These 2d, silicate nanoparticles are unprecedented in the biomedical field, and their use promises to lead to both conceptual and therapeutic advances in the important and emerging field of tissue engineering, drug delivery, cancer therapies and immune engineering,
#Quantum dot technology makes LCD TVS more colorful energy-efficient If LCD TVS start getting much more colorful and energy-efficient in the next few years,
it will probably be thanks to MIT spinout QD Vision, a pioneer of quantum dot television displays.
Quantum dots are light-emitting semiconductor nanocrystals that can be tuned by changing their size, nanometer by nanometer to emit all colors across the visible spectrum.
Last June, Sony used QD Vision product, called Color IQ, in millions of its Bravia riluminostelevisions, marking the first-ever commercial quantum dot display.
and others developed a pioneering technique for producing quantum dot LEDS (QLEDS). To do so, they sandwiched a layer of quantum dots, a few nanometers thick, between two organic thin films.
became a landmark in the quantum dot-devices field. oon venture capitalists were calling Vladimir, asking if we spin a company out,
quantum dot displays. aking a transition like that from lighting to displays tests the nerves of folks involved, from top to bottom,
and last year became the first to market with a quantum dot display. Today, QD Vision remains one of only two quantum dot display companies that have seen their products go to market.
Now, with a sharp rise in commercial use, quantum dot technologies are positioned to penetrate the display industry
Coe-Sullivan says. Along with Color IQ-powered LCD TVS, Amazon released a quantum dot Kindle last year,
and Asus has a quantum dot notebook. nd there nothing in between that quantum dots can address,
he says. In the future, Coe-Sullivan adds, QD Vision may even go back and tackle its first challenge:
and value proposition for quantum dot lighting. n
#Streamlining thin film processing saves time energy Energy storage devices and computer screens may seem worlds apart but they're not.
and the biochar nanoparticles can create an extremely large surface area which can then hold more charge.
#New nanocomposites for aerospace and automotive industries The Center for Research in Advanced Materials (CIMAV) has developed reinforced graphite nanoplatelets seeking to improve the performance of solar cell materials.
These polymer-based nanocomposites are reinforced with graphite nanoplatelets for use in industry. Nanocomposites are formed by two
or more phases in this case by reinforced graphite nanoplatelets. The sectors focused on the use of these nanomaterials are diverse;
nanoplatelets impart new properties to materials; this allows us to move into the automotive construction aerospace textile and electronics sectors
graphite nanoplatelets give added value to the product as they improve its mechanical thermal and electrical properties.
the graphite nanoplatelets s
#Graphene/nanotube hybrid benefits flexible solar cells Rice university scientists have invented a novel cathode that may make cheap, flexible dye-sensitized solar cells practical.
Researchers synthesize platelet-like nanoparticles that can do more than clot blood (Phys. org) Stanching the free flow of blood from an injury remains a holy grail of clinical medicine.
By creating nanoparticles that mimic the shape flexibility and surface biology of the body's own platelets they are able to accelerate natural healing processes
That's where platelet-like nanoparticles (PLNS) come in. These tiny platelet-shaped particles that behave just like their human counterparts can be added to the blood flow to supply
and wound healing in older patients by using nanoparticles that can target where clots are forming without triggering unwanted bleeding.
In other applications bloodborne pathogens and other infectious agents could be minimized with antibiotic-carrying nanoparticles.
U s. Patent 8841272 Double stranded-rna RNA-Based Nanoparticles for Insect Gene Silencing was awarded recently to the Kansas State university Research Foundation a nonprofit corporation responsible for managing technology transfer activities
nanoparticles comprised of a nontoxic biodegradable polymer matrix and insect derived double-stranded ribonucleic acid or dsrna.
After testing a series of unsuccessful genetic techniques the team turned to a nanoparticle-based approach.
Once ingested the nanoparticles act as a Trojan horse releasing the loosely bound dsrna into the insect gut.
which the nanoparticle-based method was developed the technology can be applied to other insect pests Zhu said.
When you make baits containing gene-specific nanoparticles you may be able to kill the insects through the RNAI pathway.
Both that remarkable resolution and the precise chemical fingerprinting of individual nickel nanoclusters were also clearly evident in the topographic images of the sample surface even down to the height of a single atom.
'Last week US tech giants Google made a splash in the media announcing plans to develop new'disease-detecting magnetic nanoparticles'.
The technical definition is that a nanoparticle is an object that is less than 100 nanometres wide along one of its edges Professor Graham told us.
Nanoparticles can be made of anything they can be metallic organic or inorganic and they come in all manner of different shapes
Nanoparticles have been around for centuries. Ancient art has used nanoparticles. They're in stained glass windows. The Lycurgus Cup in The british Museum looks so magical
because it's made of glass containing gold nanoparticles. And more immediately they're already used in medical detectors for example the pregnancy tests you buy over-the-counter work use gold nanoparticles attached to antibodies.
They're really nothing new although they're incredibly interesting to researchers. Another ubiquitous use is in antimicrobial products
which can contain suspensions of silver nanoparticles (but don't drink them you'll go blue). Why are they good for medical detection?
Nanoparticles have an extremely high surface area in relation to their volume. This means they can carry a lot of'stuff'on their surface proteins from blood for example.
And this means they're good for detecting things because they can really boost a signalfor example a protein that's relatively scarce in the blood
and therefore difficult to measure can collect on some nanoparticles in amounts large enough to detect.
There's a bewildering amount of modification that researchers around the world are adding to the surface of nanoparticles.
either using optical (light-based) detection where nanoparticles are used to either emit light directly or change the optical properties of their surroundings or magnetic systems.
His team are doing some really interesting stuff with regards imaging using nanoparticles says Graham.
when you put nanoparticles into the body they tend to get removed from the body in the urine via the kidneys.
'This is where random nonspecific molecules stick to the nanoparticles and clog them up or deactivate them.
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