an associate professor of chemical and biomolecular engineering at Nanyang Technological University in Singapore, who was involved not in this work. o me,
said Jeffrey Fredberg, professor of bioengineering and physiology at the Harvard Chan School and one of the senior authors of the study,
a Yale postdoctoral researcher in applied physics. xamples include more sensitive biological and chemical sensors, lasers with higher output power,
Mooney is also the Robert P. Pinkas Family Professor of Bioengineering at the Harvard John A. Paulson School of engineering and Applied sciences.
that was wrapped around a three-dimensional object about the size of a few biological cells and arbitrarily shaped with multiple bumps and dents.
that was wrapped around a three-dimensional object about the size of a few biological cells and arbitrarily shaped with multiple bumps and dents.
Kills Cancer cells Biological engineers from MIT have designed a modular system of proteins that can detect a particular DNA sequence in a cell
says James Collins, the Termeer Professor of Medical Engineering and Science in MIT Department of Biological engineering and Institute of Medical Engineering and Science (IMES).
a professor of biotechnology and bioengineering at The swiss Federal Institute of technology in Zurich, described this experiment as an legant proof of conceptthat could lead to greatly improved treatments for viral infection. entinel designer cells engineered with the DNA sense
whether genetic material has been delivered successfully to cells that scientists are trying to genetically alter. Cells that did not receive the new gene could be induced to undergo cell death,
or to study the 3-D structure of normal chromosomes by testing whether two genes located far from each other on a chromosome fold in such a way that they end up next to each other,
the researchers say
#Bioadhesive Nanoparticles Help Protect Your Skin From the Sun Dermatologists from Yale university have developed a new sunscreen made with bioadhesive nanoparticles that doesn penetrate the skin,
the Goizueta Foundation Professor of Biomedical engineering. anoparticles are large enough to keep from going through the skin surface,
Yang Deng, a postdoctoral associate in biomedical engineering, and Yale medical student Asiri Ediriwickrema were co-first authors of the paper.
who is in the Department of Biomedical engineering; and Julia Lewis, from the Department of Dermatology.
said Conor Walsh, a contributing author of the study, a Wyss Institute core faculty member, an assistant professor of mechanical and biomedical engineering AT SEAS,
when you combine some biomimicry, metamaterials and nanowires? It turns out to be integrated the first circularly polarized light detector on a silicon chip.
or right handed determines their biological activity. For instance, there is the famous case of thalidomide, which in one chirality alleviates morning sickness in pregnant women and in the other causes birth defects.
But pediatricians typically can scan an infant entire genome and analyze it for clues quickly enough to make a difference in the baby treatment.
and analyze the entire genome of a critically ill infant to find a diagnosis that can significantly alter the course of treatment.
In a new study published in Genome Medicine, pediatricians explained how hardware and software specialized for genetic analysis can provide such fast and lifesaving information.
The key piece of technology: A processor from the company Edico Genome that designed to handle the big data of genetics.
Lead researcher Stephen Kingsmore, a pediatrician and genomics expert at Children Mercy Hospital in Kansas city, explains that doctors typically run targeted genetic tests for specific diseases
Such tests check a few specific spots on the genome, looking for disease-causing mutations. But with more than 8000 possible genetic diseases, such tests eren really relevant to clinical care, he tells IEEE Spectrum.
Whole-genome sequencing is a different matter entirely. These scans check for mutations at each of the 3. 2 billion locations on the human genome.
Remarkably while it took $3 billion to sequence the first human genome, it can now be done for about $1000 a pop.
That cheap enough to make economic sense in medical emergencies, like those encountered in a neonatal intensive care unit.
Kingsmore 26-hour diagnostic pipeline starts with the machines that do the brute-force work of sorting through an individual baby genome.
This task is like putting together a 3-billion-piece jigsaw puzzle without looking at the picture on the box.
came from the technology that analyzed each infant genome. That task is like taking the completed 3-billion-piece jigsaw puzzle
Using Edico Genome DRAGEN processor, the researchers got this step down from 15 hours to 40 minutes.
the researchers had a file listing all the mutations in a sick baby genome. After that, Kingsmore team used in-house software to search through the mutations for those associated with a disease that matched the baby symptoms.
These programs an almost make an instant diagnosis, says Kingsmore, noting that Children Mercy is going to make its software packages available as freeware by the end of the year.
In a prior study, Kingsmore team used whole-genome sequencing for 35 sick infants, and diagnosed a genetic disease in 20 of those babies.
In other cases, the genome scan allowed doctors to rule out diseases, which Kingsmore says can be equally valuable. octor always worry:
But if a certain disease-associated mutation isn found, doctors needn give justin-case treatments.
says Pieter van Rooyen, CEO of Edico Genome. The data comes from the sequencing machine in a particular file format,
Its algorithms are tailor-made to identify genetic mutations, and while these identification processes are ticking along the data is constantly being compressed
every infant born in the developed world will have sequenced its genome in the hospital.?It just a matter of time before clinical genomics will be with us everywhere,
from genome sequencing to diagnosis, doesn alarm Kingsmore. In fact, he thinks it will be necessary if we want to make use of today best genetic technologies:
Most tech innovation in agriculture was concentrated narrowly in biotechnology and seed genetics, and both investment and innovation was limited to players with close ties to the ag sector.
Outside of seed genetics and crop inputs, most other Agtech was bundled typically with Cleantech. Then, in 2013, there was a shift.
and the sector is described often as being more horizontal than vertical (we tracked 16 subcategoriess diverse as biotech,
and plant trait company Arcadia Biosciences recently filed a $86 million IPO. And in what might seem like a jump-the-shark moment while still in the first inning
Foldit, a research project out of the University of Washington Center for Game Science in collaboration with the UW Department of Biochemistry,
Screen Shot 2015-05-04 at 7. 24.34 AM Liquidity tech has been verified third-party by Biovir Laboratories, a microbiological testing facility, that it meets the EPA standard of 99.9999
Like biological evolution, the robots mother could look out for the best traits in her children,
Each of the robots carries a"genome""made up of different genes, like humans do.
"Our findings provide a genetic marker that could be used to identify those RA patients who require more aggressive treatments
"but are, in fact, important in regulating gene expression.""Our results provide novel insights into the regulation of early embryonic development in human,"added Outi Hovatta, professor at Karolinska Institutet's department of clinical science, intervention and technology.
and the biopharmaceutical company Metabolic Solutions Development Co. The company is involved in clinical trials that are evaluating the drug compound MSDC-0602 as a treatment for diabetes.
Lead author James Timmons, from King's college London, UK, said that the discovery provides the first robust molecular'signature'of biological age in humans
The study is published in the open-access journal Genome Biology y
#Researchers identify many molecular machines critical for species development A new study shows a common molecular tool kit shared by organisms across the tree of life
and a variety of biochemical building blocks. It is a major advance towards synthetic photosynthesis, a type of solar power based on the ability of plants to transform sunlight,
In a roundtable discussion on his recent breakthroughs and the future of synthetic photosynthesis, Peidong Yang, a professor at the University of California, Berkeley said his hybrid inorganic/biological systems give researchers new tools
"said Thomas moore, a professor of chemistry and biochemistry at Arizona State university. Ultimately, researchers hope to create an entirely synthetic system that is more robust and efficient than its natural counterpart.
when they published a paper describing attempts to edit the genomes of human embryos. Led by Junjiu Huang of Sun yat-sen University, Guangzhou,
when scientists found a strange thing in bacteria genomes. There were these repeating sequences with no known use.
Genetics was still developing and the scientists thought no more of this. Sometime later it was found that these CRISPR sequences were used by bacteria to ward off predatory viruses. The mechanism was unravelled
and manipulated for performing cut-andpaste functions on genomes. And the control was fantastic. You could precisely snip off a bit of DNA from a gene
or replace genetic material in a cell or organism.""What this means is: first, a piece of RNA is created for unzipping a DNA strand at the target site;
Its CEO Katrine Bosley said they are working to translate the promise of CRISPRCAS9 genome editing technology into a new class of medicines to treat serious, genetically driven diseases."
who earned his doctorate in biomedical engineering at Rutgers University. The lab-on-chip device, which employs microfluidics technology,
"said Ghodbane, who now works in biopharmaceutical research and development at Glaxosmithkline. The breakthrough also requires one-tenth of the chemicals used in a conventional multiplex immunoassay,
"said Martin Yarmush, professor of biomedical engineering at Rutgers University. Until now, animal research on central nervous system disorders, such as spinal cord injury and Parkinson's disease, has been limited
and their metabolism in animals,"said Joseph Falkinham, a professor of microbiology in the College of Science and an affiliate of the Virginia Tech Centre for Drug Discovery.
In a first, an Indian American researcher from Salk Institute for Biological Studies in California has developed a new way to selectively activate brain,
The new method-which uses the same type of waves used in medical sonograms-may have advantages over the light-based approach-known as optogenetics-particularly
In optogenetics, researchers add light-sensitive channel proteins to neurons they wish to study. By shining a focused laser on the cells,
I think we have shot a better with noninvasive sonogenetics approaches than with optogenetics, "he emphasised in a paper appeared in the journal Nature Communications.
The research team developed a bioreactor using a viscous fluid made partly of substances found in the walls of mushrooms
wrapped around a 3d object about the size of a few biological cells and arbitrarily shaped with multiple bumps and dents.
The current gold standard for Ebola virus detection relies on a method called polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to amplify the virus's genetic material for detection.
nontarget biomolecules were washed off, and the bound targets were released then by heating, labelled with fluorescent markers,
and bioplastics (derived from renewable biomass sources such as corn or biogas methane). As part of a"cradle-to-cradle"approach, the researchers will explore the fate of these materials
and bioplastics (derived from renewable biomass sources such as corn or biogas methane). As part of a"cradle-to-cradle"approach, the researchers will explore the fate of these materials
In a series of experiments in breast cancer cell lines and transgenic mice that develop breast cancer as adults,
unlike smooth titanium or other biomaterials such as PEEK, has been associated in preclinical data with bone growth (osteoblastic) activity.
#Oxman Revolutionizes Biomanufacturing with Living, 3d printed Wearable If a Makerbot Replicator 3d printer can be used in pharmacological research labs for advances studies on how to administer cancer fighting drugs,
The next step for the professor was to introduce living matter. e live in a special time, alongside the latest advances in computational design, materials engineering, synthetic biology, and additive manufacturing
it is clear that the incorporation of synthetic biology in 3d printed products for wearable microbiomes will enable the transition from designs that are inspired By nature,
They have been working on the design of bioceramic-based bone grafting materials and scaffolds for regenerative biomedicine that will speed up bone regrowth,
These research lines also involve the production and study of bioceramic systems for the controlled release of biotechnological and antitumoral species
as release systems of biologically active species, cell encapsulation in silica porous materials, mesoporous materials for gene therapy and transfection, organic-inorganic hybrid materials.
The multidisciplinary team was able to 3d print custom silicone guides infused with biochemical cues that proved to effectively regrow nerve tissue in lab rats.
especially in the case of biomaterials. olding material within the gel negates the effects of surface tension, gravity,
a fisheries research biologist at the National Marine Fisheries Service in California. The opah Lampris guttatus has a global range that includes the southern waters of Australia and swims at depths between 10 and 450 metres.
in which progerin is linked to telomeresepetitive DNA sequences that protect the ends of human chromosomes
and gene expression differences induced by progerin. However, telomerase could not rescue the loss of heterochromatin.
Usually, the rate of a biochemical reaction increases as the temperature rises, so in this case the speed of the body clock should increase
transmit and express genetic information. Scientists are currently investigating ways of using nucleic acids to reprogram cells to carry out different functions.
"This is a quantum leap compared to existing technologies for the delivery of genetic material to cells and tissues,"said Ennio Tasciotti, Co-Chair, Department of Nanomedicine at Houston Methodist Research Institute and co-corresponding author of the paper."
"Professor Molly Stevens, co-corresponding author from the Departments of Materials and of Bioengineering at Imperial College London, said:"
"says Dr. Zheng, Senior Scientist at the Princess Margaret and also Professor of Medical Biophysics at the University of Toronto.
#Geometrically Encoded Magnetic Sensors (GEMS) for High-resolution Remote Biological Sensing To date, most efforts to image highly localized biochemical conditions such as abnormal ph
*and ion concentration--critical markers for many disorders--rely on various nanosensors that are probed using light at optical frequencies.
not appreciably weakened by intervening biological materials.""As a result, they can get strong, distinctive signals from very small dimensions at substantial depths or in other locations impossible to probe with optically based sensors.
And some potential applications of the sensors may not be biological at all. But a long-term goal is to improve our techniques to the point at
The 0. 5 to 2 m diameter GEMS in the experiments are already small enough for many in vitro and other possible non-biological applications,
One of the most significant features of GEMS is that they can be tuned"in fabrication to respond to different biochemical states
the team adapted two more techniques from nature's biomolecular toolkit: the way proteins use shape complementarity to simplify docking with other molecules,
Chemists, physicists, biologists, materials scientists and engineers team up to focus on these essential questions: Which material properties are new,
where multiphoton microscopy for biological applications was pioneered. hese alumni embody the ebb Groupstyle of mixing physics,
engineering and biology together to achieve their goal, says Warren R. Zipfel, associate professor of biomedical engineering and a former Webb research associate. or decades,
Watt lab was the place to be at Cornell if you loved playing with lasers and optics and applying them to biological questions.
Zipfel still has the world first two-photon microscope in a case near his office,
combining advanced techniques from physics and biology to allow scientists to examine the finest structures of the brain in real time. ee very proud of the work these alumni are doing,
Led by Rohit Bhargava, U. of I. professor of bioengineering and member of the Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology,
and Extract Biomolecules from Fluid Mixtures Employing an ingenious microfluidic design that combines chemical and mechanical properties,
and extracting biomolecules from fluid mixtures. The approach requires fewer steps, uses less energy, and achieves better performance than several techniques currently in use
and extracting biomolecules from fluid mixtures. Illustration courtesy of Peter Mallen, Harvard Medical school. The biomolecule sorting technique was developed in the laboratory of Joanna Aizenberg, Amy Smith Berylson Professor of Materials science at Harvard School of engineering and Applied sciences (SEAS) and Professor in the Department of chemistry and Chemical Biology.
Aizenberg is also co-director of the Kavli Institute for Bionano Science and Technology and a core faculty member at Harvard Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, leading the Adaptive Materials Technologies platform there.
Modulating the ph levels of the solutions in those environments triggers the aptamers to atchor eleasethe target biomolecule.
Their research suggests that the technique could be applicable to other biomolecules, or used to determine chemical purity
Conventional biomolecule sorting systems rely on external electric fields infrared radiation, and magnetic fields, and often require chemical modifications of the biomolecules of interest.
That means setups can be used only once or require a series of sequential steps. In contrast, said Ankita Shastri, a graduate student in Chemistry and Chemical Biology at Harvard and a member of Aizenberg group,
the new catch-transport -and-release system s more efficientequiring minimal steps and less energy,
and effectivechieving recovery of almost all of the target biomolecule through its continuous reusability. The authors say that the system could provide a means of removing contaminants from waternd even be tailored to enable energy-efficient desalination of seawater.
and biomimetic materials reproducing the advanced mechanical properties of many natural structures. The University of Manchester in Manchester, UK has performed 3d in situ imaging of crack growth using Xradia Ultra Load Stage in nanoindentation mode to understand how cracks grow in dentin, the nanocomposite that forms the bulk of teeth.
#Super-Resolution Microscopy Helps Visualise and Count the Smallest Units in the Genome Now, for the first time,
which, packaged together, form our genome. This study was possible thanks to the use of super-resolution microscopy,
In combination with innovative quantitative approaches and numerical simulations, they were also able to define the genome architecture at the nanoscale.
Biologists and physicists have been working together to take a step forward in chromatin fibre observations and studies. y using the STORM technique, a new super-resolution microscopy method,
Even though all the cells in our body have the same genetic information, they are not expressing all the genes at the same time.
or less accessible to the molecule that reads the genome: the RNA polymerase. Depending on the specialisation of the cells,
The outcome of this study has shown the successful collaboration between biologists and physicists from two of the leading research institutes of their respective fields in Europe,
#Heart-on-a-Chip Device Holds Promise for Drug-Screening When UC Berkeley bioengineers say they are holding their hearts in the palms of their hands,
Photo by Anurag Mathur, Healy Lab) Instead, the research team led by bioengineering professor Kevin Healy is presenting a network of pulsating cardiac muscle cells housed in an inch-long silicone device that effectively models human heart tissue,
Much of this is due to fundamental differences in biology between species, the researchers explained. For instance, the ion channels through which heart cells conduct electrical currents can vary in both number
Aizenberg, who is also Professor of Chemistry and Chemical Biology in Harvard's Faculty of arts and Sciences and Co-Director of the Kavli Institute for Bionano Science and Technology
who is also the Judah Folkman Professor of Vascular Biology at Harvard Medical school and Boston Children's Hospital and Professor of Bioengineering at Harvard SEAS."
or diagnose substances at a molecular level. ur system can do chemistry, biology, biochemistry, molecular biology, clinical diagnosis,
in order to do chemical and biological sensing. The method produces measurements much more reliably. t Optokey wee able to mass produce this nanoplasmonic resonator on a wafer scale,
Chen started out as a biochemist working on biomedical devices. After he joined Berkeley Lab around 2000, he learned about quantum dots,
and began exploring their use in biology. That led to further investigations into nanomaterials. One accomplishment was a so-called molecular ruler made of gold nanoparticles tethered to DNA strands,
professor and chair of the Department of Biomedical engineering at Duke university, thought his team could do better.
an associate professor of chemical and biomolecular engineering at Nanyang Technological University in Singapore, who was involved not in this work. o me,
It enables unaltered optical measurements of extremely small, dynamic changes in biological, chemical or physical processes.
which will enable analysis of synthetic and biological materials while examining the surface physical and chemical properties both on and beneath the surface.
Passian said. t allows researchers to study the surface and subsurface of synthetic and biological samples,
and nanoparticles to naturally occurring plant cells, biological polymers and tissues. The first application in which this microscope was deployed in the DOE Bioenergy Science Center was for analyzing plant cell walls,
The cell wall of a plant is layered a nanostructure made up of biopolymers such as cellulose. Researchers are looking to convert these biopolymers to free the functional sugars and discharge energy.
An instrument constructed previously at ORNL was capable of imaging poplar cell wall structures from which exceptional topological data could be procured,
and physical bioscientist Peter Zwart have introduced new mathematical theory and an algorithm, which they call ulti-tiered iterative phasing (M-TIP),
This approach is an important step in unlocking the door to new advances in biophysics and has the promise of ushering in new tools to help solve some of the most challenging problems in the life sciences. hese are exciting times,
who is a member of the Physical Biosciences Division at Berkeley Lab. lthough fluctuation scattering was proposed first 38 years ago,
As an alternative and complementary technique, structural biologists often gather diffraction patterns from particles in solution. However, in these so called small-and wide-angle x-ray scattering (SAXS/WAXS) experiments
from several different biological specimens. This will allow the researchers the opportunity to test and,
high throughput fashion, says Zwart. he full deployment of FXS as a new tool in the arsenal of the structural biologist will take some time,
Drndic and her colleagues have experimented with applying the technique to other biological molecules and nanoscale structures.
they set out to test their pores on even trickier biological molecules. here are many proteins that are much smaller and harder to manipulate than a strand of DNA that we like to study,
and he suspected that improving the technique's spatial resolution would go a long way toward increasing its use by biologists.
They are also eager to work with biologists to continue to explore potential applications and refine their techniques'usability.
materials and biology present a formidable challenge using any imaging modality. Notable demonstrations aside, current X-ray, electron and optical microscopies are simply too cumbersome and slow to routinely image functioning systems in real space and time, severely limiting progress.
This study was published in the online version of the academic journal Biomaterials on June 9, 2015.
A research group led by Tetsushi Taguchi, a MANA Scientist at the Biomaterials Unit, International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA),
of which had prevented the in depth study of some of the most prevalent inorganic biomaterials. This systems opens the door to understanding
#Nanoporous Gold Sponge Detects Pathogens Faster This novel technique enables sensitive DNA detection in compound biological samples e g.,
assistant professor of electrical and computer engineering at UC Davis and the paperssenior author. hat happens is the debris in biological samples,
in a mixture containing other biomolecules, thus beating most of the currently used detectors. This novel technique enables sensitive DNA detection in compound biological samples e g.,
, serum from whole blood. Their findings have been published in two recent papers in Analytical Chemistry. According to UC Davis researchers, these sponge-like nanoporous gold hold the potential for enabling new devices to detect agents responsible for causing disease in both plants
assistant professor of electrical and computer engineering at UC Davis and the paperssenior author. hat happens is the debris in biological samples,
By combining nanoscience and biology, researchers led by scientists at University of California, Berkeley, have taken a big step in that direction.
and a variety of biochemical building blocks. The research is a major advance toward synthetic photosynthesis, a type of solar power based on the ability of plants to transform sunlight, carbon dioxide and water into sugars.
In a roundtable discussion on his recent breakthroughs and the future of synthetic photosynthesis, Yang said his hybrid inorganic/biological systems give researchers new tools to study photosynthesis
Moore is a professor of chemistry and biochemistry at Arizona State university, where he previously headed the Center for Bioenergy & Photosynthesis. Ultimately,
who earned his doctorate in biomedical engineering at Rutgers and now works in biopharmaceutical research and development at Glaxosmithkline.
''said Martin Yarmush, the Paul and Mary Monroe Chair and Distinguished Professor of biomedical engineering at Rutgers and Ghodbane's adviser.
#Structured Illumination Microscopy and SPA Help Study SPB Duplication in Living Yeast Cells Cellular mitosis depends in part on small organelles that extend spindles to pull apart chromosome pairs.
The North carolina Biotechnology Center awarded a $50, 000 Technology Enhancement Grant to the School to help develop the technology into a viable treatment that can be licensed and commercialized."
"said Shu Chien, a professor of bioengineering and medicine, director of the Institute of Engineering in Medicine at UC San diego,
such as disposable cutlery, to natural biopolymers like DNA and proteins-fundamental to human life. Using insecticides is one of the few ways farmers currently have to treat their groves for greening, also known as Huanglongbing or HLB.
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