made with bioadhesive nanoparticles, that stays on the surface of the skin. Results of the research appear in the Sept. 28 online edition of the journal Nature Materials. e found that
and our nanoparticles are so adhesive that they don even go into hair follicles, which are relatively open.
UV exposed skin vs nanoparticle-treated, UV exposed skin. The merged images from rows two and three of this figure show two images of skin cells showing DNA damage in the form of double-strand breaks in sunscreen-treated, UV
exposed skin vs nanoparticle-treated, UV exposed skin. Girardi, who specializes in skin cancer development and progression, said little research has been done on the ultimate effects of sunblock usage and the generation of ROS, ut obviously,
the researchers developed a nanoparticle with a surface coating rich in aldehyde groups, which stick tenaciously to the outer skin layer.
The nanoparticle hydrophilic layer essentially locks in the active ingredient, a hydrophobic chemical called padimate O. Some sunscreen solutions that use larger particles of inorganic compounds, such as titanium dioxide or zinc oxide,
By using a nanoparticle to encase padimate O an organic chemical used in many commercial sunscreens,
#Nanoscale photodetector shows promise to improve the capacity of photonic circuits Photonic circuits, which use light to transmit signals,
It's difficult to localize visible light below its diffraction limit, about 200-300 nanometers, and as components in electronic semiconductors have shrunk to the nanometer scale,
the photonic circuit size limitation has given electronic circuits a significant advantage, despite the speed discrepancy. Now researchers at the University of Rochester have demonstrated a key achievement in shrinking photonic devices below the diffraction limit--a necessary step on the road to making photonic circuits competitive with today's technology.
The scientists developed a nanoscale photodetector that uses the common material molybdenum disulfide to detect optical plasmons--travelling oscillations of electrons below the diffraction limit
--and successfully demonstrated that light can drive a current using a silver nanowire.""Our devices are a step towards miniaturization below the diffraction limit,
The device expands on previous work demonstrating that light could be transmitted along a silver nanowire as a plasmon
To do this, the group transferred a silver nanowire coated at one end with Mos2 onto a silicon substrate
#Developing a nanoscale'clutch'A model microscopic system to demonstrate the transmission of torque in the presence of thermal fluctuations-necessary for the creation of a tiny'clutch'operating at the nanoscale-has been assembled at the University of Bristol as part of an international collaboration (Nature
Physics,"Transmission of torque at the nanoscale"."When driving a car, the clutch mechanically carries the torque produced by the engine to the chassis of the vehicle-a coupling that has long been tested
which would operate at the nanoscale is much more challenging because, at microscopic length scales,
"Exploiting the softness of nanomaterials gives us additional and unprecedented control mechanisms which may be employed when designing microscopic machines,
physicists at the University of Düsseldorf have developed model computer simulations to further investigate torque coupling at the nanoscale.
Ion channels are typically about 1 nanometer wide; by maintaining the right balance of ions, they keep cells healthy and stable.
Each graphene pore is less than 2 nanometers wide, making them among the smallest pores through
and Sean Oern from MIT and Juan-carlos Idrobo from Oak ridge National Laboratory, publish their results today in the journal Nature Nanotechnology("Heterogeneous sub-continuum ionic transport in statistically isolated graphene nanopores").
which are slightly smaller than the ions that flow through them. hen nanopores get smaller than the hydrated size of the ion,
The researchers used the process to generate nanometer-sized pores in various sheets of graphene,
Based on the model, they found that the diameter of many of the pores was below 1 nanometer,
Knowing this, researchers may one day be able to tailor pores at the nanoscale to create ion-specific membranes for applications such as environmental sensing and trace metal mining. t kind of a new frontier in membrane technologies,
and understand the intrinsic spin of electrons to advance nanoscale electronics is hampered by how hard it is to measure tiny, fast magnetic devices.
if perfected, could lead to a novel tabletop magnetic measurement technique and new, nanoscale electronic devices based on electrical spin, rather than charge.
is detailed in the journal Nature Communications("Toward a table-top microscope for nanoscale magnetic imaging using picosecond thermal gradients").
Wee talking about nanometers and picoseconds. Scientists have been unable to directly image magnetic motion in nanoscale spintronic devices without hugely expensive X-ray sources at national facilities.
In their own labs, the best they could do was infer magnetic properties from electrical measurements.
such as fabricating gold antennae to excite thermal excitations confined to nanoscale dimensions o
#Simple detection of magnetic skyrmions At present, tiny magnetic whirls so called skyrmions are discussed as promising candidates for bits in future robust and compact data storage devices.
Proteins are generally only a few nanometres in size. Several thousand billion protein molecules must perfectly fit together
An international team of researchers have designed and synthetized a nanometer scale DNA"machine "whose customized modifications enable it to recognize a specific target antibody.
and synthesized a nanometer scale DNA"machine "whose customized modifications enable it to recognize a specific target antibody.
#Newly discovered'design rule'brings nature-inspired nanostructures one step closer (w/video) Scientists aspire to build nanostructures that mimic the complexity and function of nature proteins,
and reported Oct 7 in the advance online publication of the journal Nature("Peptoid nanosheets exhibit a new secondary-structure motif"),
This atomic-resolution simulation of a two-dimensional peptoid nanosheet reveals a snake-like structure never seen before.
The nanosheet layers include a water-repelling core (yellow), peptoid backbones (white), and charged sidechains (magenta and cyan).
The right corner of the top layer of the nanosheet has been emovedto show how the backbone alternating rotational states give the backbones a snake-like appearance (red and blue ribbons.
The material is a peptoid nanosheet. It a flat structure only two molecules thick, and it composed of peptoids,
which polymers adjoin to form the backbones that run the length of nanosheets. Surprisingly, these molecules link together in a counter-rotating pattern not seen in nature.
a trait that makes peptoid nanosheets larger and flatter than any biological structure. The Berkeley Lab scientists say this never-before-seen design rule could be used to piece together complex nanosheet structures and other peptoid assemblies such as nanotubes and crystalline solids.
What more, they discovered it by combining computer simulations with x-ray scattering and imaging methods to determine, for the first time,
the atomic-resolution structure of peptoid nanosheets. his research suggests new ways to design biomimetic structures,
and Ron Zuckermann, who directs the Molecular Foundry Biological Nanostructures Facility. They used the high-performance computing resources of the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center (NERSC),
another DOE Office of Science user facility located at Berkeley Lab. Peptoid nanosheets were discovered by Zuckermann group five years ago.
The research revealed several new things about peptoid nanosheets. Their molecular makeup varies throughout their structure,
This rule doesn apply to peptoid nanosheets. Along their backbones, adjacent monomer units rotate in opposite directions.
and extended into large sheets that are flatter than anything nature can produce. t was a big surprise to find the design rule that makes peptoid nanosheets possible has eluded the field of biology until now,
which could lead to even more biomimetic nanostructures. n
#Analyzing protein structures in their native environment Proteins can fold in different ways depending on their environment.
next-generation health monitoring devices such as electronic stick-on tattoos (see for instance"wearing single-walled carbon nanotube electronics on your skin",a"temporary tattoo to monitor glucose levels"or"graphene nanosensor tattoo
In the journal Nature Nanotechnology("Surface imaging beyond the diffraction limit with optically trapped spheres"),the Freiburg physicist Prof.
which is established well in nanotechnology. An AFM uses a small spring arm-a needle with an ultra-thin tip-to scan a surface.
The sphere is less than 200 nanometers in diameter making it 500 times thinner than a human hair.
""Six plus seven makes three-plus one carried over",calculated Professor Hermann Kohlstedt, Head of the Nanoelectronic group at Kiel University.
which was only a few nanometres (a millionth of a millimetre) thin to utilise quantum-mechanical effects for the flow through the storage cells."
#Researchers grow nanocircuitry with semiconducting graphene nanoribbons In a development that could revolutionize electronic ciruitry, a research team from the University of Wisconsin at Madison (UW)
and this method provides a straightforward way to make semiconducting nanoscale circuits from graphene, a form of carbon only one atom thick.
it naturally forms nanoribbons with these very smooth, armchair edges,"said Michael Arnold, an associate professor of materials science and engineering at UW-Madison."
UW researchers went to Argonne staff scientists Brian Kiraly and Nathan Guisinger at the Center for Nanoscale Materials,
"We have some very unique capabilities here at the Center for Nanoscale Materials, "said Guisinger."
"What's even more interesting is that these nanoribbons can be made to grow in certain directions on one side of the germanium crystal,
The results appear in the journal Nanomedicine: Nanotechnology, Biology and Medicine. While current HIV treatments involve pills that are taken daily,
the new regimenslong-lasting effects suggest that HIV treatment could be administered perhaps once or twice per year.
#Researchers build nanoscale autonomous walking machine from DNA Researchers at The University of Texas at Austin have developed a nanoscale machine made of DNA that can randomly walk in any direction across bumpy surfaces.
The study by researchers Cheulhee Jung, Peter B. Allen and Andrew Ellington, published this week in the journal Nature Nanotechnology("A stochastic DNA walker that traverses a microparticle surface),
Previously, nanoparticle walkers were only able to walk on precise and programmed one-and two-dimensional paths.
"This is an important step forward in developing nanoscale nucleic acid machines that can autonomously act under a variety of conditions,
"DNA NANOTECHNOLOGY is especially interesting because it explores the world of'matter computers, 'where computations (including walking) are carried out by physical objects, rather than by electronic or magnetic shuttles.
There also may be implications for future delivery of nanoscale therapeutics. Although it may be a long march from diagnosing cancer to curing it,
The study demonstrated that as the nanoscale machine walked, it did not go over the same area twice e
The electron micrographs show that the replisome is a 20-nanometer sized nanomachine. click on image to enlarge) To test these assumptions,
In an article just published in the journal Nature Nanotechnology("A multiphase transitioning peptide hydrogel for suturing ultrasmall vessels),
chief scientist and project leader at Honda Research Institute USA Inc."Our approach combines novel nanomaterials with continuous ultraviolet light radiation in the sensor design that have been developed in our laboratory by lead researcher Dr
Black silicon consists of clusters of microscopic vertical pillars, or nanowires. Incoming light bouncing between individual silicon nanowires cannot escape the complex structure,
making the material darker than dark. Rather than laying down layers of black silicon on top of a clear backdrop,
and etched silicon nanowires in the areas between aluminum rings. Then they seeped a polymer between the silicon nanowire pillars.
After the plastic support solidified they etched away the silicon backing, leaving bull's-eye patterned black silicon embedded in supple plastic.
"Silicon nanowire towers make up dark regions of the flexible Fresnel zone lenses. Each individual lens resembles a bull-eye of alternating light and dark.
Black silicon consists of clusters of microscopic vertical pillars, or nanowires. Incoming light bouncing between individual silicon nanowires cannot escape the complex structure,
making the material darker than dark. Bringing Bucky into focus, curved arrays of individual lenses allow small-scale sensors to perceive a broader picture.
and etched silicon nanowires in the areas between aluminum rings. Then they seeped a polymer between the silicon nanowire pillars.
After the plastic support solidified, they etched away the silicon backing, leaving bull's-eye patterned black silicon embedded in supple plastic.
and a cathode based on Fes2 nanocrystals. ACS) Today, lithium-ion batteries are the storage technology of choice for many applications, from electric cars to smartphones.
#Novel'crumpling'of hybrid nanostructures increases SERS sensitivity By"crumpling"to increase the surface area of graphene-gold nanostructures,
an assistant professor of mechanical science and engineering at Illinois."This mechanical self-assembly strategy will enable a new class of 3d crumpled graphene-gold (Au) nanostructures.
"SERS substrates are used to analyze the composition of a mixture at the nanoscale for environmental analysis, pharmaceuticals, material sciences, art and archeological research, forensic science, drug detection, food quality analysis,
Using a combination of gold and silver nanoparticles and Raman-active dyes, SERS substrates also can target specific DNA and RNA sequences."
"This work demonstrates the unique capability of micro-to-nanoscale topographies of the crumpled graphene-Au nanoparticles--higher density,
bringing the nanoparticles closer, "explained Juyoung Leem, a graduate student and first author of the study published in Nano Letters("Mechanically Self-Assembled, Three-dimensional Grapheneold Hybrid Nanostructures for Advanced Nanoplasmonic Sensors").
""We achieve a 3d crumpled graphene-Au hybrid structure by the delamination and buckling of graphene on a thermally activated, shrinking polymer substrate.
This process enables precise control and optimization of the size and spacing of integrated Au nanoparticles on crumpled graphene for higher SERS enhancement."
"According to Nam, the 3d crumpled graphene-Au nanostructure exhibits at least one order of magnitude higher SERS detection sensitivity than that of conventional, flat graphene-Au nanoparticles.
and the 3d integration of gold nanoparticle/graphene hybrid structures r
#Facebook M Is trained and Monitored by Humans, Facebook Reveals Facebook has entered the virtual digital assistant space with a new service for its millions of Messenger users,
& Nanoengineering could eventually change the way people living with prosthetics and spinal cord injury lead their lives.
as well as Allen, who at the time was director of the Institute for Electronics and Nanotechnology. opefully,
once we converge upon the nanofabrication techniques that would enable these to be clinically translational,
and Hongkui Deng in Microsystems & Nanoengineering. Published online June 8 2015 doi: 10.1038/micronano. 2015. 10abstractextracellular matrix-based intracortical microelectrodes:
The fibers might be tens of nanometers in diameter and a hundred nanometers long, far smaller than a red blood cell.
#Clumps of gold nanoparticles can evolve to carry out computing Move over, microchip. A random assembly of gold nanoparticles can perform calculations normally reserved for neatly arranged patterns of silicon.
Traditional computers rely on ordered circuits that follow preprogrammed rules, but this strategy limits how efficient they can be. he best microprocessors you can buy in a store now can do 1011 operations per second
Voltage selector The team used gold particles about 20 nanometres across. They laid a few tens of these in a rough circle, each about 1 nanometre from its nearest neighbours,
and surrounded them with eight electrodes. The computations happened when they applied just the right voltages to the cluster at six specific locations.
either using more nanoparticles or more electrodes. he electrodes are probably more important, so that you can have more inputs and outputs. o
#Clump of gold nanoparticles can evolve to carry out computing MOVE OVER, microchip. A random assembly of gold nanoparticles can perform calculations normally reserved for neatly arranged patterns of silicon.
Traditional computers rely on ordered circuits that follow preprogrammed rules, but this limits their efficiency. he best microprocessors you can buy in a store now can do 1011 operations per second,
using gold particles about 20 nanometres across. They laid a few tens of these grains in a rough heap, with each one about 1 nanometre from its nearest neighbours,
and placed eight electrodes around them. When they applied just the right voltages to the cluster at six specific locations,
van der Wiel says (Nature Nanotechnology, doi. org/7s5. The gold clump has to be cooled to just 0. 3°C above absolute zero,
the DWLS"prints"using an ultraviolet laser on a super-thin film--only about 50 nanometers thick.
which at 800 nanometers, is thick enough. The spectrum created by this chip is not constant,
Pernice headed a working group of the KIT Institute of Nanotechnology and recently moved to the University of Münster.
and Applied sciences (SEAS) say they have made it easier to manipulate light at the nanoscale. They have developed the first on-chip metamaterial with a refractive index of zero,
bend, twist and reduce diameter of a beam from the macroscale to the nanoscale, said Mazur. his on-chip metamaterial opens the door to exploring the physics of zero index and its applications in integrated optics.
Nanotechnology could be used to build the embedded control system, sensors and computers for any liquid metal robot.
In tests, the researchers found that their device could detect GSM and MIB concentrations as low as 10 nanograms per liter of water,
"and"nanoparticle"are probably not terms you find yourself using in day-to-day interactions, but for the Univ. of Cincinnati (UC)' s Yoonjee Park, assistant professor in the College of Engineering and Applied science biomedical engineering professor, these words are central to every conversation relating to her cutting edge research on drug delivery vehicles.
"Usually I use nanoparticles for drug delivery vehicles, and we can attach image and contrast agents to the nanoparticle to track the particle.
Or the nanoparticle itself is the image and contrast agent which makes a complex of the image and contrast agent with the drug itself."
"In the course of time Park began to focus her efforts on those parts of the body that posed a significant challenge
Her Phd at Purdue University and her research at Boston's Massachusetts institute of technology were dedicated both to studying particle stabilization to avoid clogging arteries with the nanoparticles and drug delivery vehicles;
#Researchers grow nanocircuitry with semiconducting graphene nanoribbons In a development that could revolutionize electronic circuitry, a research team from the Univ. of Wisconsin at Madison (UW)
and this method provides a straightforward way to make semiconducting nanoscale circuits from graphene, a form of carbon only one atom thick.
it naturally forms nanoribbons with these very smooth, armchair edges,"said Michael Arnold, an associate professor of materials science and engineering at UW-Madison."
UW researchers went to Argonne staff scientists Brian Kiraly and Nathan Guisinger at the Center for Nanoscale Materials,
"We have some very unique capabilities here at the Center for Nanoscale Materials, "said Guisinger."
"What's even more interesting is that these nanoribbons can be made to grow in certain directions on one side of the germanium crystal,
Bettina Lotsch's Nanochemistry Research Group at the Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research in Stuttgart and at Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (LMU), together with theoreticians working with Christian
the scientists had to add platinum nanoparticles and an electron donor to their powder polymer."
"The platinum nanoparticles work as microelectrodes on which the electrons are transferred from the COF to the protons to form hydrogen,
"says Vijay Vyas, a scientist in the Nanochemistry Research Group at the Stuttgart-based Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research."
Usually, the thin filmssed by organic bulk heterojunction solar cellsre created by mixing conjugated polymers and fullerenes,
which the lab describes as occer ball-like carbon molecules known as buckyballs. After uniformity is achieved by spin casting the mixture on a rotating substrate
which aided in dissolving fullerenes and made the film structure more uniform. Lack of uniformity in a film mixture causes clusters to form,
according to the researchers. hat unique about this paper is that we show not the use of metal particles, not the use of metal nanoparticles,
but the use of atoms, Tour said. he particles doing this chemistry are as small as you can possibly Get even particles on the nanoscale work only at the surface,
he said. here are so many atoms inside the nanoparticle that never do anything. But in our process the atoms driving catalysis have no metal atoms next to them.
The technique provides a new approach to modulation that could be useful in all kinds of silicon-based nanoscale devices,
The results appear in the journal Nanomedicine: Nanotechnology, Biology and Medicine. While current HIV treatments involve pills that are taken daily,
the new regimens'long-lasting effects suggest that HIV treatment could be administered perhaps once or twice per year.
#Snake venom helps hydrogels stop the bleeding A nanofiber hydrogel infused with snake venom may be the best material to stop bleeding quickly, according to Rice Univ. scientists.
The Rice researchers combined batroxobin with their synthetic, self-assembling nanofibers, which can be loaded into a syringe
and our expertise in surface acoustic waves, said Hubert Krenner, a member of the Cluster of Excellence Nanosystems Initiative Munich (NIM), Germany,
and therefore decreasing the interaction, between individual layers of Mos2 nanosheets. This exposes a larger fraction of reactive sites along the edges of these surfaces where hydrogen can be produced.
The strategy was demonstrated by a small group of researchers at the Center for Nanoscale Materials (CNM
and hydrogen fuel cells,"said Yugang Sun, a nanoscience scientist in Argonne's Nanoscience and Technology Div."
For the experiment, the scientists shot at a 300-nanometer-thick foil of curium with accelerated calcium nuclei.
They then filled this mould with a suspension containing aluminium oxide platelets and glass nanoparticles as mortar.
Putting pressure on the plastic squeezes the nanotubes closer together and enables them to conduct electricity.
Increasing pressure on the waffled nanotubes squeezes them even closer together, allowing more electricity to flow through the sensor,
Instead, the new nanocapsule device only releases the medication in areas where a clot is growing exponentially
"The drug-loaded nanocapsule is coated with an antibody that specifically targets activated platelets, the cells that form blood clots,
thrombin-a molecule at the centre of the clotting process-breaks open the outer layer of the nanocapsule,
is composed of an extremely thin layer of gold nanoantennae that form a tiled coat only 80 nanometres thick.
#Scientists create new shape-shifting material from 1 billion tiny magnets A synthetic material made from 1 billion nanomagnets has displayed the rare ability to change states
the complex nanomagnet structure has the potential to provide new methods of information transfer and memory storage,
Each magnet is just 63 nanometres long (1 nm=10-6 millimetres) and shaped sort of like a grain of rice.
they have to be incredibly close together-generally within 20 to 40 nanometres of each other -and this makes controlling them incredibly difficult.
they use a flexible polymer substrate covered in gold nanoparticles to which the VOCS attach. By applying electrodes and a voltage to the resulting film,
In 2014, researchers in South korea at IBS Center for Integrated Nanostructure Physics along with Samsung Advanced Institute of technology, the Department of Nano Applied Engineering at Kangwon National University, the Department of energy Science
#One dollar blood test using gold nanoparticles outperforms PSA screen for prostate cancer, study suggests The simple test developed by University of Central Florida scientist Qun"Treen"Huo holds the promise of earlier detection of one of the deadliest cancers among men.
Huo's test detects that immune response using gold nanoparticles about 10,000 times smaller than a freckle.
When a few drops of blood serum from a finger prick are mixed with the gold nanoparticles, certain cancer biomarkers cling to the surface of the tiny particles,
Among researchers, gold nanoparticles are known for their extraordinary efficiency at absorbing and scattering light. Huo and her team at UCF's Nanoscience Technology Center developed a technique known as nanoparticle-enabled dynamic light scattering assay (Nanodlsay) to measure the size of the particles by analyzing the light they throw off.
That size reveals whether a patient has prostate cancer and how advanced it may be. And although it uses gold,
A small bottle of nanoparticles suspended in water costs about $250, and contains enough for about 2, 500 tests."
The research is in the online edition of Nature Nanotechnology.""With batteries, cost is always an issue
or foam, with pores ranging from 2 to 50 nanometers in diameter, providing enormous surface area and room for the battery electrolyte to diffuse.
they were able to deposit a thin coating of organic material directly on top of a sheet of arrayed nanotubes in contact with a sheet of metal.
which allowed the current to flow through the nanotubes that were metal conductors--but not the bulk of the tubes,
The current heated up the metal nanotubes a tiny amount--just enough to create a"thermal capillary flow"that opened up a trench in the organic topcoat above them.
This left an electronic wafer coated with semiconducting nanotubes free of metallic contaminants, Rogers said. They tested it by building arrays of transistors
#Researchers deliver large particles into cells at high speed The researchers created a highly efficient automated tool that delivers nanoparticles, enzymes, antibodies, bacteria and other"large-sized"cargo into mammalian cells at the rate
which are typically several nanometers in length. A nanometer is one one-thousandth of a micrometer.
The new device, called a biophotonic laser-assisted surgery tool, or BLAST, is a silicon chip with an array of micrometer-wide holes,
who is also a member of the California Nanosystems Institute. Inserting large cargo into cells could lead to scientific research that was previously not possible.
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