which is a common technique for producing nanometer scale patterns.""That's not necessarily the only way,"said Raman, a co-first-author of the paper."
With this knowledge in hand, researchers have opened a new world for designer proteins and investigations into nanotechnology
Pernice headed a working group of the KIT Institute of Nanotechnology (INT) and recently moved to the University of Münster."
The detectors rely on superconducting nanowires made of molybdenum silicide. They can record more than 80 percent of arriving photons,
nontoxic 2d nanomaterial suspension in liquid form, such as graphene oxide, as the pressure sensing element to recognise force-induced changes.
"We believe this is the first example of 2d atomically thin nanostructures made from ionic materials,
"says Peidong Yang, a chemist with Berkeley Lab's Materials sciences Division and world authority on nanostructures,
and characterization of atomically thin 2d hybrid perovskites and introduces a new family of 2d solution-processed semiconductors for nanoscale optoelectronic devices, such as field effect transistors and photodetectors."
and is a co-director of the Kavli Energy Nanoscience Institute (Kavli-ENSI), is the corresponding author of a paper describing this research in the journal Science.
while a Phd student at Harvard university, Yang proposed a method for preparing 2d hybrid perovskite nanostructures
A preliminary photoluminescence study indicates a band-edge emission at 453 nanometers, which is shifted red slightly as compared to bulk crystals.
Working with popular 28-nanometer FPGA devices made by Altera Corp. the researchers have demonstrated a monolithically-cooled chip that can operate at temperatures more than 60 percent below those of similar air-cooled chips.
Ion channels are typically about 1 nanometer wide; by maintaining the right balance of ions, they keep cells healthy and stable.
Each graphene pore is less than 2 nanometers wide, making them among the smallest pores through
and Sean O'Hern from MIT and Juan-carlos Idrobo from Oak ridge National Laboratory, publish their results in the journal Nature Nanotechnology.
"When nanopores get smaller than the hydrated size of the ion, then you start to see interesting behavior emerge,
The researchers used the process to generate nanometer-sized pores in various sheets of graphene,
Based on the model, they found that the diameter of many of the pores was below 1 nanometer,
Knowing this, researchers may one day be able to tailor pores at the nanoscale to create ion-specific membranes for applications such as environmental sensing and trace metal mining."
of particular interest are based nanocellulose materials. The work by Cranston, an assistant chemical engineering professor, and Zhitomirsky, a materials science and engineering professor, demonstrates an improved three-dimensional energy storage device constructed by trapping functional nanoparticles within the walls of a nanocellulose foam.
The foam is made in a simplified and fast one-step process. The type of nanocellulose used is called cellulose nanocrystals
and looks like uncooked long-grain rice but with nanometer-dimensions. In these new devices, the'rice grains'have been glued together at random points forming a mesh-like structure with lots of open space
hence the extremely lightweight nature of the material. This can be used to produce more sustainable capacitor devices with higher power density
reveal how a nanoscale, synthetic version of the precious gem can light up early-stage cancers in nontoxic, noninvasive Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans.
researchers from the University investigated how nanoscale diamonds could help identify cancers in their earliest stages."
"Professor Reilly's team turned its attention to hyperpolarising nanodiamonds, a process of aligning atoms inside a diamond so they create a signal detectable by an MRI SCANNER."
"Hasan's method, developed at the University's Nanoscience Centre, works by suspending tiny particles of graphene in a'carrier'solvent mixture,
semiconducting and insulating nanoparticles. Currently, printed conductive patterns use a combination of poorly conducting carbon with other materials, most commonly silver
Hasan and Phd students Guohua Hu, Richard Howe and Zongyin Yang of the Hybrid Nanomaterials Engineering group at CGC
researchers need to make it easier to manipulate light at the nanoscale. Researchers at the Harvard John A. Paulson School of engineering and Applied sciences (SEAS) have done just that,
bend, twist and reduce diameter of a beam from the macroscale to the nanoscale, "said Mazur."
The results appear in the journal Nanomedicine: Nanotechnology, Biology and Medicine. While current HIV treatments involve pills that are taken daily,
the new regimens'long-lasting effects suggest that HIV treatment could be administered perhaps once or twice per year.
shows considerable protection against malaria when displayed on Archaeal gas vesicle nanoparticles. A vaccine based on this motif could confer protection against all malaria parasites.
when displayed on novel nanoparticles. This approach has the potential to prevent the parasite from multiplying in the human host
Shiladitya Dassarma's laboratory at the University of Maryland School of medicine, Baltimore, USA, who has developed Archaeal gas vesicle nanoparticles (GVNPS.
The small unique segment of enolase was fused genetically to a nanoparticle protein and this conjugated system was used to vaccinate mice.
Park's team uses software to analyze how the nanoscale topology of a surface--its bumps
who is also with the NUS Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Institute (NUSNNI) and the Centre for Advanced 2d Materials (CA2DM) at NUS Faculty of science,
#Engineers design magnetic cell sensors MIT engineers have designed magnetic protein nanoparticles that can be used to track cells
"Ferritin, which is as close as biology has given us to a naturally magnetic protein nanoparticle,
"The new"hypermagnetic"protein nanoparticles can be produced within cells, allowing the cells to be imaged or sorted using magnetic techniques.
"Rather than actually making a nanoparticle in the lab and attaching it to cells or injecting it into cells,
Researchers have integrated silver nanoparticles into the thin plasma polymer coating, which is up to just 100 nanometers thick.
The silver nanoparticles dissolve over a period of several weeks, and during that time they continuously release small quantities of antimicrobial silver ions,
which kill bacteria. Three layers of protection"The Dentaplas system consists of three layers, with two plasma polymer layers surrounding a center layer of silver.
impregnated with silver nanoparticles. Following a postdoctoral stint at the University of Virginia (UVA), she was also able to dope the paper with relatively inexpensive copper nanoparticles. he paper is really thick and sturdy,
it has less than one weight percent of silver in it, explained Dankovich, speaking at the 250th ACS National Meeting & Exposition at Boston,
The pressure sensors are made of a carbon nanotube-elastomer composite shaped into tiny pyramidal structures that are coated onto a surface.
Nanoscale Speed bump Could Regulate Plasmons for High-speed data Flow The name sounds like something Marvin the Martian might have built,
Computers currently shuttle information around using electricity traveling down nanoscale metal wires. Although inexpensive and easy to miniaturize,
but many times larger than the dimensions of current commercial nanoscale electronics. Plasmonics combines the small size and manufacturability of electronics with the high speeds of optics.
Unlike light, these plasmons are free to travel down nanoscale wires or gaps in metals.
and Argonne National Laboratory, fabricated their device using commercial nanofabrication equipment at the NIST Nanofab.
*The plasmonic phase modulator is inverted effectively an, nanoscale speed bump. Eleven gold strands are stretched side by side like footbridges across a 23-micrometer gap just 270 nanometers above the gold surface below them.
Incoming plasmons, created by laser light at one end of the array, travel though this air gap between the bridges and the bottom gold layer.
Scientists with the U s. Department of energy (DOE) Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (Berkeley Lab) and the University of California (UC) Berkeley have created a hybrid system of semiconducting nanowires and bacteria that mimics
Yang, who also holds appointments with UC Berkeley and the Kavli Energy Nanosciences Institute (Kavli-ENSI) at Berkeley
nanowires harvest solar energy and deliver electrons to bacteria, where carbon dioxide is reduced and combined with water for the synthesis of a variety of targeted, value-added chemical products.
By combining biocompatible light-capturing nanowire arrays with select bacterial populations, the new artificial photosynthesis system offers a win/win situation for the environment:
the morphology of the nanowire array protects the bacteria like Easter eggs buried in tall grass
The system starts with an rtificial forestof nanowire heterostructures, consisting of silicon and titanium oxide nanowires,
developed earlier by Yang and his research group. ur artificial forest is similar to the chloroplasts in green plants,
photo-excited electron#hole pairs are generated in the silicon and titanium oxide nanowires, which absorb different regions of the solar spectrum.
Once the forest of nanowire arrays is established, it is populated with microbial populations that produce enzymes known to selectively catalyze the reduction of carbon dioxide.
says Michelle Chang. e were able to uniformly populate our nanowire array with S. ovata using buffered brackish water with trace vitamins as the only organic component.
and catalytic activity that is made possible by the nanowire/bacteria hybrid technology. With this approach, the Berkeley team achieved a solar energy conversion efficiency of up to 0. 38-percent for about 200 hours under simulated sunlight,
What we did is stabilized this materials by tuning at the nanoscale with another stable material
with individual layers of approximately 3 nanometers each. esearchers have tried to stabilize Bismuth oxide for almost a century, but failed.
Yale university engineers have found a unique method for designing metallic glass nanostructures across a wide range of chemicals.
with applications for everything from fuel cells to biological implants. t a huge step for nanofabrication, said Jan Schroers, professor of mechanical engineering and materials science at Yale,
Schroers and his team at Yale have spent years refining processes for designing metallic glass nanostructures complex,
In the new paper, Schroers demonstrates a method for applying metallic glass nanostructures to a broad range of glass-forming alloys.
and composition of alloys at the nanoscale. ontrolling size and reaching the smallest 10 nanometer dimensions 1/10,
000 of the diameter of a human hair is something that we have demonstrated before, Schroers said. owever,
With our new method we can fabricate nanostructures similar in size but with even higher complexity in shape
and more powerful nanoscale devices#and do so with molecular control and precision. Using a single layer of carbon atoms,
or graphene, nanoengineers at the University of California, San diego have invented a new way of fabricating nanostructures that contain well-defined, atomic-sized gaps.
The ability to generate extremely small gaps#known as nanogaps#is highly desirable in fabricating nanoscale structures
A team of Ph d. students and undergraduate researchers led by UC San diego nanoengineering professor Darren Lipomi demonstrated that the key to generating a smaller nanogap between two nanostructures involves using a graphene spacer,
it is simply a single layer of carbon atoms and measures approximately 0. 3 nanometers (nm),
said Lipomi. hile most efforts in nanotechnology focus on making materials, wee essentially made nothing but with controlled dimensions.
The films are sliced then into 150 nm-wide nanostructures. Finally, the structures are treated with oxygen plasma to remove graphene.
This enhanced electromagnetic field, in turn, increases the signal produced by any molecule within the gap. f some disease marker comes in and bridges the gap between the nanostructures
While the technique reported in this study can produce nanostructures suitable for optical applications, it exhibits a major drawback for electronic applications.
Raman spectroscopic measurements of the gold nanostructures reveal that small amounts of graphene still remain between the gold layers after being treated with oxygen plasma.
This means that only the graphene exposed near the surfaces of the gold nanostructures can be removed so far.
known as a nanoelectromechanical system (NEMS) resonator. ne standard way to tell the difference between molecules is to weigh them using a technique called mass spectrometry.
The new technology, developed by a team of scientists from Argonne Center for Nanoscale Materials (CNM) and the Advanced Photon Source (APS), involves a small microelectromechanical system (MEMS) mirror only
Associate Laboratory Director for Photon Sciences and Director of the Advanced Photon Source. his is a premier example of the innovation that results from collaboration between nanoscientists and X-ray scientists.
According to Argonne nanoscientist Daniel Lopez, one of the lead authors on the paper, the device works because of the relationship between the frequency of the mirror oscillation and the timing of the positioning of the perfect angle for the incoming X-ray. f you sit on a Ferris wheel holding a mirror,
and tiny MEMS devices form an ideal combination to make 3-D X-ray ultrafast movies with nanometer resolution,
#icrocombingcreates Stronger, More Conductive Carbon nanotube Films Researchers from North carolina State university and China Suzhou Institute of Nanoscience and Nano-Biotics have developed an inexpensive technique called icrocombingto align carbon nanotubes (CNTS),
pure CNT films that are stronger than any previous such films. The technique also improves the electrical conductivity that makes these films attractive for use in electronic
and aerospace applications. t a simple process and can create a lightweight CNT film, or ucky paper, that is a meter wide and twice as strong as previous such films it even stronger than CNT FIBERS,
says Yuntian Zhu, Distinguished Professor of Materials science and engineering at NC State and corresponding author of a paper describing the work.
The researchers begin by growing the CNTS on a conventional substrate in a closely packed array.
The CNTS are tangled together, so when researchers pull on one end of the array the CNTS form a continuous ribbon that is only nanometers thick.
This ribbon is attached to a spool, which begins winding the ribbon up. As the spool pulls, the CNT ribbon is dragged between two surgical blades.
While the blades appear straight to the naked eye they actually have micrometer-scale fissures on their cutting edge.
These fissures create a kind of icrocombthat pulls the CNTS into alignment just as a regular comb sorts through tangled hair.
When the ribbon of aligned CNTS is being wound onto the spool, the researchers apply an alcohol solution.
This pulls the CNTS closer together, strengthening the bonds between CNTS. The CNT ribbon wraps around itself as it winds around the spool,
creating a layered film of pure CNTS. Researchers can control the thickness of the film by controlling the number of layers.
The CNT films made using the microcombing technique had more than twice the tensile strength of the uncombed CNT films greater than 3 gigapascals for the microcombed material
versus less than 1. 5 gigapascals for the uncombed material. The microcombed CNT film also had 80 percent higher electrical conductivity than the uncombed film. his is a significant advance,
but we want to find ways to make CNT alignment even straighter, Zhu says. t still not perfect. n addition,
the technique would theoretically be easy to scale up for large-scale production. We like to find an industry partner to help us scale this up
says Mogens Havsteen Jakobsen, Associate professor at DTU Nanotech. He has been coordinating DTU participation in the project.
The team managed to synthesize a thin film made of densely packed aluminum oxide nanorods blended with molecules of a thrombolytic enzyme (urokinase-type plasminogen activator.
#Nanoparticles used to breach mucus barrier in lungs Proof-of-concept study conducted in mice a key step toward better treatments for lung diseases Nanotechnology could one day provide an inhaled vehicle to deliver targeted therapeutic genes
and Federal University of Rio de janeiro in Brazil have designed a DNA-loaded nanoparticle that can pass through the mucus barrier covering conducting airways of lung tissue proving the concept,
. a biomedical engineer and faculty member at the Center for Nanomedicine at the Wilmer Eye Institute at Johns Hopkins. A report on the work appeared in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences on June 29.
or replacement genes or drugs inside a man-made biodegradable nanoparticle rapperthat patients inhale could penetrate the mucus barrier
Suk says their work with nanoparticles grew out of failed efforts to deliver treatments to people with lung diseases.
but it also makes the airway mucus harder to overcome by inhaled therapeutic nanoparticles. Most of the existing drugs for CF help clear infections but do not solve the disease underlying problems.
or corrective genes via the mucus-penetrating DNA-loaded nanoparticles could mediate production of normal, unctionalproteins long term.
DNA-loaded nanoparticles possess positive charge that caused them to adhere to negatively charged biological environments, in this case the mucus covering the lung airways.
In other words, conventional nanoparticles are too sticky to avoid unwanted off-target interactions during their journey toward the target cells.
the team developed a simple method to densely coat the nanoparticles with a nonsticky polymer called PEG,
They showed that these nanoparticles retained their sizes at a physiological environment and are capable of rapidly penetrating human airway mucus freshly collected from patients visiting the Johns Hopkins Adult Cystic fibrosis Program directed by Michael Boyle,
They demonstrated that inhaled delivery of the genes via the mucus-penetrating nanoparticles resulted in widespread production of the protein to levels superior to gold-standard,
adding that the nanoparticles did not appear to show any adverse effects, such as increased lung inflammation.
#Small tilt in magnets makes them viable memory chips UC Berkeley researchers have discovered a new way to switch the polarization of nanomagnets,
This image taken from a computer simulation shows nanomagnets tilted at various angles, with the white regions indicating greater angles of tilt.
Packing a sufficient number of nanomagnets onto a chip meant aligning them perpendicularly but that vertical orientation negated the switching effects of tantalum. e found that by tilting the magnet just 2 degrees was enough you get all the benefits of a high-density magnetic switch without the need for an external magnetic field,
Scientists curve nanoparticle sheets into complex forms Scientists have been making nanoparticles for more than two decades in two-dimensional sheets, three-dimensional crystals and random clusters.
But they have never been able to get a sheet of nanoparticles to curve or fold into a complex three-dimensional structure.
This highly magnified image of a folded gold nanoparticle scroll shows that even though researchers can fold the membrane,
Working at the Center for Nanoscale Materials (CNM) and the Advanced Photon Source (APS), two DOE Office of Science User Facilities located at Argonne,
the team got membranes of gold nanoparticles coated with organic molecules to curl into tubes when hit with an electron beam.
The scientists coat gold nanoparticles of a few thousand atoms each with an oil-like organic molecule that holds the gold particles together.
the staff scientist at the Center for Nanoscale Materials who led the project. ut it a very thin membrane made of a single layer of nanoparticles. rgonne researchers are able to fold gold nanoparticle membranes in a specific
so they end up distributing themselves in a nonuniform way across the top and bottom layers of the nanoparticle sheet.
to analyze the surface of the nanoparticles. They discovered that the amount of surface covered by the organic molecules
professor of chemical physics at the Imperial College in London and a leading theorist on soft matter physics. hey advance significantly our ability to make new nanostructures with controlled shapes. n principle,
scientists could use this method to induce folding in any nanoparticle membrane that has an asymmetrical distribution of surface molecules.
Arnold Research Group and Guisinger Research Group, news. wisc. eduscientists at University of Wisconsin-Madison have discovered now a method to grow these ultra-narrow strips, called nanoribbons, with desirable semiconducting
Furthermore, this method of producing nanoribbons is complicated not overly it is scalable and is compatible with current equipment used in semiconductor processing.
Professor Michael Arnold, one of the authors of the study, said raphene nanoribbons that can be grown directly on the surface of a semiconductor like germanium are more compatible with planar processing that used in the semiconductor industry,
and that is why nanoribbons are needed. They have to be extraordinary narrow they need to be less than 10 nanometres wide.
They also must have smooth, well-defined rmchairedges in which the carbon-carbon bonds are parallel to the length of the ribbon.
Such nanoribbons can be manufactured by cutting larger sheets of graphene into ribbons. But this technique is not perfect as produced ribbons have very rough edges.
where molecular precursors react on a surface to polymerize nanoribbons. But resulting ribbon, although with smooth edges, is far too short for use in electronics.
But now scientists found a way to manufacture ultra-narrow nanoribbons with smooth straight edges directly on germanium wafers.
Scientists found that at a very slow growth rate graphene naturally grows into long nanoribbons on a specific crystal facet of germanium
and researchers only need to control this process to produce nanoribbons less than 10 nanometres wide.
and to align the nanoribbons to the same direction
#Could flu someday be prevented without a vaccine? Researchers have discovered a way to trigger a preventive response to a flu infection without any help from the usual players the virus itself or interferon, a powerful infection fighter.
In Cell Metabolism on August 13, the Harvard scientists who discovered irisin address this contentious issue by showing that human irisin circulates in the blood at nanogram levels
Although irisin circulates at low levels (nanograms this range is observed comparable to that for other important biological hormones such as insulin.
SEM images (false colour) depicting the intricate gel fibre architecture They then discovered that intertwined amongst these microscopic fibres were a profusion of nanoparticles around 100 nanometres in size.
An X-ray diffraction technique confirmed that these were nanoparticles of KUST-1 a copper-based Metal-Organic Framework (MOF) notable for its very large surface area (exceeding 2000 square-metres in each gram.
his fascinating phenomenon is exceptionally rare for gel systems incorporating MOF nanoparticles; to the best of our knowledge this is the first example of its kind reported in the literature.
Such shape-shifting materials could find applications in Microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) and NEMS devices. They could also create elf-healingcoatings that can repair themselves after impact
But it the promise of MOF nanoparticles suitable to make into thin films for sensors and microelectronics that is particularly alluring.
e discovered that copious amounts of high-quality HKUST-1 (MOF) nanoparticles can be harvested straightforwardly by breaking down the gel fibres using methanol. hese MOF nanoparticles can then be used as a recursor making it easy to fabricate multifunctional thin
Thin film sensors created using MOF nanoparticles harvested from hybrid gels The team worked with Isis Innovation to patent the technology and Samsung Electronics
& Interfaces the development of a biodegradable nanogenerator made with DNA that can harvest the energy from everyday motion and turn it into electrical power.
The first prototypes of these nanogenerators are currently being developed in laboratories around the world. And now, one group of scientists wants to add another feature to this technology:
The researchers built a nanogenerator using a flexible, biocompatible polymer film made out of polyvinylidene fluoride, or PVDF.
#Major Innovation in Molecular Imaging Delivers Spatial and Spectral Info Simultaneously Using physical chemistry methods to look at biology at the nanoscale,
and back of the sample at the same time and achieved unprecedented optical resolution (of approximately 10 nanometers) of a cell.
and each subcellular structure was a distinct color. o using this method we can look at interactions between four biological components inside a cell in three-dimension and at very high resolution of about 10 nanometers,
such as the ph, in live cells at the nanometer scale
#Scientists visualize critical part of basal ganglia pathways Breakthrough could help see pathways that degenerate with Parkinson and Huntingdon disease Certain diseases,
Instead, silicon nanopillars are arranged precisely into a honeycomb pattern to create a etasurfacethat can control the paths and properties of passing light waves.
a microdevices engineer at JPL and co-author of a new Nature Nanotechnology study describing the devices. urrently,
The team, led by nanoengineering professor Joseph Wang and electrical engineering professor Patrick Mercier, both from the University of California,
Nanoengineers set up the chemical equivalent of a two-step authentication system. The first step is a series of chemical keyholes,
or photons, using an artificially constructed atom, known as a semiconductor quantum dot. Thanks to the enhanced optical properties of this system and the technique used to make the measurements,
In the Cambridge experiment, the researchers achieved this by shining a faint laser beam on to their artificial atom, the quantum dot.
This excited the quantum dot and led to the emission of a stream of individual photons.
By scattering faint laser light from the quantum dot, the noise of part of the electromagnetic field was reduced to an extremely precise and low level
and then created nanoscale textures on the pillars by wet etching. They then infused the nanotextures with a layer of lubricant that completely coated the nanostructures,
resulting in greatly reduced pinning of the droplets. The nanostructures also greatly enhanced lubricant retention compared to the microstructured surface alone.
The same design principle can be extended easily to other materials beyond silicon, such as metals glass ceramics and plastics.
Synthetic Exosomes Could Avoid Need for Neural Progenitor Cells n combination with synthetic nanoparticles that my laboratory is developing,
Xu work focuses on material science engineering, specifically nanoscience and its biomedical application: the development of new synthetic materials for the delivery of therapeutic proteins and genetic material.
The researchers fabricated the acoustic cell sorter in Penn State Nanofabrication Laboratory using standard lithography techniques. ust like using a lens to focus light,
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