CDS have lower toxicity and better biocompatibility, meaning they can be used in a broader variety of applications.
and traits seen across individuals reflects a complex dance between environment and biology. Understanding the precise nature of these causal influences will help lead to the design of better interventions to help move the brain and behavior toward the positive end of the spectrum i
Rice chemist Jeffrey Hartgerink, lead author Vivek Kumar and their colleagues reported their discovery in the American Chemical Society journal ACS Biomaterials Science and Engineering.
Those with mutations in polycystic kidney disease genes formed balloon-like, fluid-filled sacks, called cysts, from kidney tubules.
The organoids with mutations in podocalyxin, a gene linked to glomerulonephritis, lost connections between filtering cells. utation of a single gene results in changes kidney structures associated with human disease,
Genetically matched kidney organoids without disease-linked mutations showed no signs of either disease, Freedman says.
RISPR can be used to correct gene mutations, explained Freedman. ur findings suggest that gene correction using CRISPR may be a promising therapeutic strategy.
which includes microbiologist and Canada Research Chair Michael Gänzle and cereal scientist Thava Vasanthan, used subcritical fluid technology to extract phenolic compounds from the potato biomass.
but its side effects as well,"said Bernhard Palsson, the Galetti Professor of Bioengineering at the Jacobs School of engineering at UC San diego."
who did this research while a Ph d. student in Palsson's Systems Biology Research Group.
Researchers used data from different people's genotypes and metabolism to build personalized models that simulate how a drug will affect a particular set of cells in the body."
"wrote the authors--a collection of biostatisticians, microbiologists and infectious disease specialists led by Eric A. Franzosa of Harvard's School of Public health and the Massachusetts institute of technology's Broad Institute.
A second study found that humans and the surfaces of their cellphones share enough microbiotic commonality that samples from one could probably be used to match an owner with her mobile.
For research that collects such biological samples, hiding the identities of donors may not be enough to keep investigators from inferring matches between"before"and"after,"
Advances in bioengineering had allowed scientists to understand the complex processes within the poppy plant that convert sugar to morphine,
Biochemical engineer Christina Smolke and colleagues had been working on the problem of synthesizing opioids and other plant-based medicines in the lab for about a decade.
They do incredible and beautiful biochemistry, "she said.""But they do it in a way that's inefficient.
of which are unknown and likely unrelated to optimized production in large-volume bioreactors, would need to be addressed for engineered yeast to ever realize home-brew biosynthesis of medicinal opiates at meaningful yields."
"Still, she said she agreed with scientists who've said they want to work together with regulators
he marveled at how quickly developments had been unfolding in bioengineering--for morphine synthesis and other applications that would require policymakers to sit down with scientists
"The pace of biological engineering is faster than what was expected,"he said.""Why are things moving so fast,
In the lab of V. Reggie Edgerton, professor of integrative biology and physiology, neurobiology and neurosurgery, Pollock had attached electrical patches to the skin over his spinal cord.
and Biology Society, is UCLA research scientist Parag Gad. Lead coauthors were Yury Gerasimenko, director of the laboratory of movement physiology at Russia Pavlov Institute and a researcher in UCLA's department of integrative biology and physiology;
and Dr. Daniel Lu, associate professor of neurosurgery at UCLA David Geffen School of medicine. In a study published by the same team this summer in the Journal of Neurotrauma,
a postdoctoral fellow at Colorado who conducts research on nutrition and vascular biology. Dow underscored that engaging in regular physical activity appears to have broader effects lowering"bad"cholesterol,
In Seattle, researchers at the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research center and the company Presage Biosciences designed a device called CIVO that includes up to eight needles arranged in an array.
a professor of bioengineering and chemical engineering at MIT who is one of the senior authors on the report.
"The Seattle researchers'work was funded by the National institutes of health and Presage Biosciences, and the MIT researchers'work was funded by the National Cancer Institute and Massachusetts-based biotech company Kibur Medical.
Follow Live Science@livescience, Facebook & Google+.+Original article on Live Science e
#Nepal Earthquake: Health Threats Loom Over Survivors The aftermath of the Nepal earthquake brings a risk of disease outbreaks including measles and diarrheal diseases among the survivors,
The researchers said that 4d biomaterials could one day help not only patients with respiratory ailments,
The researchers are now pursuing a clinical trial for the 4d biomaterials for patients with less severe forms of tracheobronchomalacia."
by using a compound that biologists have used to track other molecules. Prions are a distinct type of protein they can self-replicate,
Peter Nilsson, a chemical biologist at Linköping University in Sweden, was experimenting with conductive plastics,
"said study researcher Bruce M. Spiegelman, a professor of cell biology and medicine at Harvard Medical school.
Alisa Blazek, a graduate student at The Ohio State university's Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental biology, agreed."
is autograft. This is basically a euphemism for cutting a piece of bone out of one part of the body
Autograft is the sort of procedure that needs a euphemism. Though it is surgeons'current best option,
autografts are an even worse option; there's often quite simply not enough bone to go around.
called a bioreactor, which simulates conditions found inside the Body temperature, humidity, acidity and nutrient composition all need to be just right for the stem cells to transform into bone-growing cells called osteoblasts,
Epibone's work builds on the discovery from developmental biology that stem cells can transform into any part of the body.
and injected that material into mice that had been engineered genetically to have a mutation in the alpha-synuclein gene.
'Supercoiled'DNA Twists into Crazy Shapes DNA doesn't just coil in the iconic double helix immortalized in every high school biology textbook.
Building blocks of life After molecular biologists James Watson and Francis Crick first published a paper on the structure of DNA in 1953, the double helix became the iconic symbol of the code of life.
they were looking at a tiny part of a real genome, only about one turn of the double helix.
and all 3. 3 feet (1 meter) of this genetic information must fit into the nucleus of a cell,
a biochemist at the Baylor College of Medicine in Houston, said in a statement. To make sure that this supercoiled DNA actually shows up in the body,
and to understand how these loops of genetic code act in real-time, the team created computer simulations that revealed the supercoiled loops wriggling over time.
#Nanoparticles Penetrate Mucus Barrier to Bring Gene therapy to Lung Parenchyma A collaboration between researchers at Johns hopkins university
and other conditions affecting the lungs by offering the ability for gene therapy to be delivered directly into pulmonary tissue through inhalation.
#Optogenetics With Closed-Loop Control for Complex Brain Experiments Wee excited about optogenetics, the new technology that allows scientists to selectively control the firing of genetically modified neurons within living animalsbrains.
The so-called ptoclamptechnique involves continuous monitoring of the electrical activity of the neuronal cells excited via optogenetics
By measuring the level of genetic mutations in the ctdna, the test can predict the nature of metastatic disease
and can inform doctors about the potential treatments that could be targeted to address the genetic mutations.
Dr. Elizabeth Tyler-Kabara, an associate professor of neurological surgery and bioengineering at the University of Pittsburgh, who was not involved with the study,
Also, it can be a way to authenticate payments as a biometric. Instead of a fingerprint, it can scan eye topography
Manalis, the Andrew and Erna Viterbi Professor in MIT departments of Biological engineering and Mechanical engineering, and a member of MIT Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, is the paper senior author.
and bioengineering at Caltech, who is pioneering the development of inertial imaging but was not part of this study. heir application of our approach for simultaneous monitoring position
The research jointly lead by Professor Christoph Hagemeyer, Head of the Vascular Biotechnology Laboratory at Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute and Professor Frank Caruso,
an ARC Australian Laureate Fellow in the Department of Chemical and Biomolecular engineering at the University of Melbourne, was published today in the leading journal Advanced Materials.
an associate professor of chemical and biomolecular engineering at Nanyang Technological University in Singapore, who was involved not in this work. o me,
such as sensors that detect specific chemical and biological species and photonic devices that manipulate light.
#Major innovation in molecular imaging delivers spatial and spectral info simultaneously Using physical chemistry methods to look at biology at the nanoscale,
and each subcellular structure was a distinct color. o using this method we can look at interactions between four biological components inside a cell in three-dimension and at very high resolution of about 10 nanometers,
Xu said. he applications are mostly in fundamental research and cell biology at this point, but hopefully it will lead to medical applications.
ur research into these bio-inspired sensors demonstrates the huge value in applying the scientific learnings from the biological world to develop technologies for real world applications. d
that was wrapped around a three-dimensional object about the size of a few biological cells and arbitrarily shaped with multiple bumps and dents.
One of the most critical biological and medical tools available today, it lies at the core of genome analysis. Reading the exact make-up of genes,
scientists can detect mutations, or even identify different organisms. A powerful DNA sequencing method uses tiny
These are called ucleotidesand are strung together in various combinations that contain the cell genetic information, such as genes.
Slowing things down The lab of Aleksandra Radenovic at EPFL Institute of Bioengineering has now overcome the problem of speed by using a thick,
These sensors can detect biomolecule adsorption even at a few trillionth of a gram per millimeter square.
Owing to the above-mentioned merits, SPR biosensing is an outstanding platform to boost technological progress in the areas of medicine and biotechnology.
PR biosensing is a valuable tool to investigate a wide range of biochemical reactions estimate their chemical kinetics and other characteristics.
Higher binding capacity for biomolecules increases the signal levels and accuracy of analysis. The last several years
and interaction with a wide range of biomolecules. Stebunov and the team from the Laboratory of Nanooptics and Plasmonics at MIPT created
Thereafter a layer of streptavidin protein was developed on GO FOR selective immobilization of biomolecules. Scientists conducted a series of experiments with the GO chip
which is as close as biology has given us to a naturally magnetic protein nanoparticle, is really not that magnetic.
an MIT professor of biological engineering and the paper senior author. e used the tools of protein engineering to try to boost the magnetic characteristics of this protein.
"This memristor-based technology relies on a completely different way inspired by biological brain to carry on computation."
Measurement of a single nuclear spin in biological samples May 11th, 2015graphene holds key to unlocking creation of wearable electronic devices May 11th, 2015new Method to Produce Dual Zinc oxide Nanorings May 11th
Measurement of a single nuclear spin in biological samples May 11th, 2015graphene holds key to unlocking creation of wearable electronic devices May 11th, 2015new Method to Produce Dual Zinc oxide Nanorings May 11th
Measurement of a single nuclear spin in biological samples May 11th, 2015graphene holds key to unlocking creation of wearable electronic devices May 11th, 2015new Method to Produce Dual Zinc oxide Nanorings May 11th
Measurement of a single nuclear spin in biological samples May 11th, 2015graphene holds key to unlocking creation of wearable electronic devices May 11th, 2015new Method to Produce Dual Zinc oxide Nanorings May 11th
Measurement of a single nuclear spin in biological samples May 11th, 2015graphene holds key to unlocking creation of wearable electronic devices May 11th,
and snow buildup on optical elements and can impede biofouling in marine applications. Aytug emphasized that the impact abrasion resistance of the coating completes the package,
Precise targeting biological molecules, such as cancer cells, for treatment is a challenge, due to their sheer size.
the authors have invented a new biocompatible nanodevice. It is capable of delivering extremely localised heating from a near-infrared laser aimed at the gold nanorods
"said Orlin Velev, INVISTA Professor of Chemical and Biomolecular engineering at NC State and the corresponding author of the paper."
research assistant professor of chemical and biomolecular engineering at NC State and first author of the paper.
#New ORNL hybrid microscope offers unparalleled capabilities A microscope being developed at the Department of energy's Oak ridge National Laboratory will allow scientists studying biological and synthetic materials to simultaneously observe chemical and physical properties on and beneath the surface.
"It allows researchers to study the surface and subsurface of synthetic and biological samples, which is a capability that until now didn't exist."
and nanostructures to naturally occurring biological polymers, tissues and plant cells. The first application as part of DOE's Bioenergy Science Center was in the examination of plant cell walls under several treatments to provide submicron characterization.
The plant cell wall is layered a nanostructure of biopolymers such as cellulose. Scientists want to convert such biopolymers to free the useful sugars and release energy An earlier instrument,
also invented at ORNL, provided imaging of poplar cell wall structures that yielded unprecedented topological information, advancing fundamental research in sustainable biofuels.
It enables unaltered optical measurements of extremely small, dynamic changes in biological, chemical or physical processes.
such as sensors that detect specific chemical and biological species and photonic devices that manipulate light.
biocompatible polymer film made out of polyvinylidene fluoride, or PVDF. To improve the material's energy harvesting ability, they added DNA,
and is biocompatible and biodegradable. Their device was powered with gentle tapping, and it lit up 22 to 55 light-emitting diodes.
Nanotechnology, Biology and Medicine, and after further research may offer a novel mechanism to address this aggressive and often fatal cancer that kills 14,000 women in the United states each year.
In addition, a gene therapy is administered that lowers the cellular defense against reactive oxygen species. Both the phthalocyanine
During the procedures, mice receiving the gene therapy also continued to grow and gain weight, indicating a lack of side effects."
wearable patch and would include an antenna to transmit these biometric signals to the pilot or a ground team.
Using physical chemistry methods to look at biology at the nanoscale, a Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (Berkeley Lab) researcher has invented a new technology to image single molecules with unprecedented spectral and spatial resolution,
"So using this method we can look at interactions between four biological components inside a cell in three-dimension and at very high resolution of about 10 nanometers,
"The applications are mostly in fundamental research and cell biology at this point, but hopefully it will lead to medical applications.
"said Shu Chien, a professor of bioengineering and medicine, director of the Institute of Engineering in Medicine at UC San diego,
"This work is supported by the National institutes of health and partially by the Defense Threat Reduction Agency Joint Science and Technology Office for Chemical and Biological Defense.
The collaborative effort also includes Kang Zhang, a professor of ophthalmology and chief of Ophthalmic Genetics at UC San diego and a corresponding author on this study y
Biologists can zoom in on the organelles that make up a cell. Eventually he said, the researchers might be able to cut down on the exposure times even more
The researchers used mouse embryonic fibroblast cells to determine biocompatibility; that, along with the fact that the stretchability of gold nanomesh on a slippery substrate resembles the bioenvironment of tissue
One of the most critical biological and medical tools available today, it lies at the core of genome analysis. Reading the exact make-up of genes,
scientists can detect mutations, or even identify different organisms. A powerful DNA sequencing method uses tiny
"and are strung together in various combinations that contain the cell's genetic information, such as genes. Essentially
Slowing things down The lab of Aleksandra Radenovic at EPFL's Institute of Bioengineering has now overcome the problem of speed by using a thick,
Therefore, Iranian researchers studied a type of composite nanocoating to obtain modified properties of biomaterials to be used in human body.
biocompatibility, chemical stability and resistance to corrosion and abrasion. This research tries to use a simple
and the biotechnology company Illumina have created an innovative tool to directly detect the delicate, single-molecule interactions between DNA and enzymatic proteins.
As they report Sept. 28 in Nature Biotechnology, this tool should provide fast and reliable characterization of the different mechanisms cellular proteins use to bind to DNA strands--information that could shed new light on the atomic-scale interactions within our cells
"In their approach, Gundlach and his team measure an electrical current through a biological pore called Mspa,
Biologists have recognized long that proteins have different structures to perform these roles, but the physical motion of proteins as they work on DNA has been difficult to detect directly."
These fine details may also help scientists understand how mutations in proteins can lead to disease
#Milestone single-biomolecule imaging technique may advance drug design Knowing the detailed shape of biomolecules such as proteins is essential for biological studies and drug discovery.
Modern structural biology relies on techniques such as nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), X-ray crystallography and cryo-electron microscopy to discover the tiny structural details of biomolecules.
All these methods, however, require averaging over a large number of molecules and thus structural details of an individual biomolecule are lost often.
Now researchers from the University of Zurich, Switzerland have made a breakthrough by obtaining the first nanometer (one billionth of a meter) resolved image of individual tobacco mosaic virions
single-particle imaging technique for structural biology. The researchers describe their work in a paper published this week on the cover of the journal Applied Physics Letters, from AIP Publishing."
"The virions are imaged with one nanometer resolution exhibiting details of the helical structure of the virus. Our technique would be the first non-destructive imaging tool for structural biology at the truly single molecule level."
"Longchamp noted the technique would also open the door for"rational drug design,"an inventive process of finding new medications based on the knowledge of a biological target.
Second, low energy electrons are harmless to biomolecules, "Longchamp said. In many conventional techniques such as transmission electron microscopy, the possible resolution is limited by high-energy electrons'radiation damage to biological samples.
Individual biomolecules are destroyed long before an image of high enough quality can be acquired. In other words, the low permissible electron dose in conventional microscopies is not sufficient to obtain high-resolution images from a single biomolecule.
However in low energy electron holography, the employed electron doses can be much higher--even after exposing fragile molecules like DNA or proteins to a electron dose more than five orders of magnitude higher
than the critical dose in transmission electron microscopy, no radiation damage could be observed. Sufficient electron dose in low energy electron holography makes imaging individual biomolecules at a nanometer resolution possible.
In Longchamp's experiment, the tobacco mosaic virions were deposited on a freestanding, ultraclean graphene, an atomically thin layer of carbon atoms arranged in a honeycomb lattice.
#Brightness-equalized quantum dots improve biological imaging"In this work, we have made two major advances--the ability to precisely control the brightness of light-emitting particles called quantum dots,
an assistant professor of bioengineering at Illinois."Previously light emission had an unknown correspondence with molecule number.
and tunable number of photons per tagged biomolecule. They are expected also to be used for precise color matching in light-emitting devices and displays,
allow quantitative multicolor imaging in biological tissue, and improve color tuning in light-emitting devices.
Iranian researchers from Materials and Energy Research center (MERC) succeeded in the production of a type of biocompatible nanocomposite with the ability to carry drugs,
According to the researchers, the aim of the research was to prepare an injectable paste made of bioglass and sodium alginate polymer with biocompatibility properties.
The presence of some proteins in biological liquids of humans (blood saliva and urine) with determined concentration can be the sign of dangerous diseases.
Lysozyme protein has been selected as the target biomolecule in this research. The excess secretion of this protein can be a sign of malfunction in kidney performance
the physicists applied their ultrashort electron pulses to a biomolecule in a diffraction experiment. It is planned to use those electron beams for pump-probe experiments:
as are many important biological research tools. A wide-range of technologies, including LEDS, diagnostic tools,
and technological issues that needed to be addressed before fundamental questions in cell biology could be address in living cells.
#Cyborg beetle research allows free-flight study of insects (w/video) Hardwiring beetles for radio-controlled flight turns out to be a fitting way to learn more about their biology.
to be published Monday, March 16, in the journal Current Biology, showcases the potential of wireless sensors in biological research.
"Biologists trying to record and study flying insects typically had to do so with the subject tethered.
"Mirkin is the George B. Rathmann Professor of Chemistry in the Weinberg College of Arts and Sciences and professor of medicine, chemical and biological engineering, biomedical engineering and materials science and engineering.
says Akhilesh Gaharwar, assistant professor of biomedical engineering at Texas A&m. The biomaterial, which consists of nano-sized,
chemical and biological properties of the hydrogel are enhanced, Gaharwar explains. For example, the hydrogel can be designed to remain at the injury site for specific durations by controlling the interactions between the nanosilicates and gelatin,
The animal uses a biochemical cascade to change the thickness of the layers and their spacing.
Chemists, physicists, biologists, materials scientists and engineers team up to focus on these essential questions: Which material properties are new,
"Here we have a biological entity. We've made the sensor on the surface of these spores, with the spore a very active complement to this device.
The biological complement is actually working towards responding to stimuli and providing information
#Desalination with nanoporous graphene membrane Less than 1 percent of Earth's water is drinkable. Removing salt and other minerals from our biggest available source of water--seawater--may help satisfy a growing global population thirsty for fresh water for drinking, farming, transportation, heating, cooling and industry.
He worries more about gremlins that plague today's reverse osmosis membranes--growths on membrane surfaces that clog them (called"biofouling)
The so called DNA chip card employs electrochemical DNA chips and overcomes the complicated procedures associated with genetic testing of conventional methods.
and other bioengineering applications. The European Association of Geochemistry is highlighting this work as especially interesting.
through genetic engineering. But this is something that we do not know yet"Researchers from the University of Tübingen, the University of Manchester,
But we are still at an early stage of understanding the bioengineering implications of this discovery"e
and people with diabetes, said study co-leader David J. Sharp, Ph d.,professor of physiology & biophysics at Einstein.
Dr. Sharp collaborated with Joel Friedman, M d.,Ph d.,professor of physiology & biophysics and of medicine at Einstein,
the Gene K. Beare Professor of Biomedical engineering in the School of engineering & Applied science, was able to take images of blood oxygenation 50 times faster than their previous results using fast-scanning PAM;
Phd, program director for Optical Imaging at the National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering."
Given the importance of oxygen metabolism in basic biology and diseases such as diabetes and cancer,
Their goal is to create a flexible, transparent and even biocompatible sensor with the same ultrahigh temperature sensitivity.
"The material could help improve coatings used to protect surfaces from the build up of biological contaminants, particularly surfaces under the sea.
In nature, molecules called aquaporins, discovered in the 1990s, move water from one side of a biological membrane to another,
Now, researchers from the A*STAR Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology have synthesized a much smaller molecule,
For some years, Huaqiang Zeng of the Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology has led a team aiming to produce tubular molecules that could pipe water across membranes.
when inserted into biomimetic membranes. Zeng thinks this and derivative molecules, may become ext-generation nanofiltration membranes for water purification applications,
in collaboration with bioengineers at Mcgill University, uncovered a new kind of synergy in the development of the nervous system,
Their breakthrough, published today in the scientific journal PLOS Biology("Integration of Shallow Gradients of Shh
that is to say they can study the developing axons outside their biological context.""This new method provides us with several benefits
which uses fluids at a microscopic scale to miniaturize biological experiments, with the cellular, biological and molecular studies we conduct in laboratories.""
"Thus, thanks to this unique program, we teamed up with Mcgill's bioengineers and microfluidic and mathematical modelling experts to create the device required for our study.""
Their findings have been published in the journal ACS Nano("ph-Activated Nanoparticles for Controlled Topical Delivery of Farnesol To Disrupt Oral Biofilm Virulence".
said Benoit, an assistant professor of biomedical engineering. We had to figure out how to deliver the antibacterial agent to the teeth and keep it there,
as well as other biofilm-related diseases s
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