#Super-resolution microscopes reveal the link between genome packaging and cell pluripotency: A study using super-resolution microscopy reveals that our genome is packaged not regularly
and links these packaging differences to stem cell state Super-resolution microscopes reveal the link between genome packaging and cell pluripotency:
A study using super-resolution microscopy reveals that our genome is packaged not regularly and links these packaging differences to stem cell state Abstract:
In 1953 Watson and Crick first published the discovery of the double helix structure of the DNA.
Techniques, such as electron microscopy, allowed scientists to identify nucleosomes, the first and most basic level of chromosome organisation.
Until now it was known that our DNA is packaged by regular repeating units of those nucleosomes throughout the genome giving rise to chromatin.
which, packaged together, form our genome. This study was possible thanks to the use of super-resolution microscopy,
In combination with innovative quantitative approaches and numerical simulations, they were also able to define the genome architecture at the nanoscale.
A study using Super-resolution microscopy reveals that our genome is packaged not regularly and links these packaging differences to stem cell state.
A multidisciplinary approach allowed scientists to view and even count, for the first time, the smallest units for packaging our genome.
This study has brought together biologists and physicists from the Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG) and the Institute of Photonic Sciences (ICFO
ICFO/CRG Super-resolution microscopes reveal the link between genome packaging and cell pluripotency: A study using super-resolution microscopy reveals that our genome is packaged not regularly
and links these packaging differences to stem cell state Barcelona, Spain Posted on March 12th, 2015 Biologists and physicists have been working together to take a step forward in chromatin fibre observations and studies."
"By using the STORM technique, a new super-resolution microscopy method, we have been able to view
Even though all the cells in our body have the same genetic information, they are not expressing all the genes at the same time.
or less accessible to the molecule that reads the genome: the RNA polymerase. Depending on the specialisation of the cells,
Aerogel catalyst shows promise for fuel cells March 2nd, 2015scientific breakthrough in rechargeable batteries: Researchers from Singapore and Qubec Team up to Develop Next-Generation Materials to Power Electronic devices and Electric vehicles February 28th,
. professor of surgery (biomedical engineering) at the Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) and the Harvard-MIT Division of Health & Sciences Technology, report the development of a novel microfluidic chip that is specifically designed for the efficient capture of CTC clusters
or precisely tailoring therapeutics to an individual's cancer cell biology. Toner and his collaborator Dr. Daniel Haber, M d.,Ph d.,also at MGH, recently used Cluster-Chip to capture
"Further analysis of the patients'CTC clusters yielded new insights into the biology of CTC clusters.
To characterize the biology of the clusters, the researchers measured a marker of tumor cell proliferation--an indicator of increased invasiveness and poor outcomes--in one breast cancer patient with high numbers of both single CTCS and clusters.
"Toner anticipates that the Cluster-Chip will play an important role in stimulating new research on CTC cluster biology:"
and to develop even better technologies to understand their biology in cancer metastasis
#Computing at the speed of light: Utah engineers take big step toward much faster computers The Utah engineers have developed an ultracompact beamsplitter--the smallest on record--for dividing light waves into two separate channels of information.
and allows us to determine the gene expression of those highly mobile cells in comparison to the less mobile ones.
and biology,"says study co-senior author Euisik Yoon, Ph d.,professor of electrical engineering and computer science and of biomedical engineering and director of the Lurie Nanofabrication Facility at the U-M College of Engineering."
"In past decades, engineers have developed biological tools with better resolution, higher sensitivity, selectivity and higher throughput,
The goal of our lab is to develop tools that can be disseminated widely to the biology community to eventually impact clinical care for patients."
the graphene flakes are mixed with a biocompatible elastomer and quickly evaporating solvents.""It's a liquid ink,
An expert in biomaterials, Shah said 3-D printed graphene scaffolds could play a role in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine as well as in electronic devices.
Shah said the biocompatible elastomer and graphene's electrical conductivity most likely contributed to the scaffold's biological success."Cells conduct electricity inherently--especially neurons,
"Shah said.""So if they're on a substrate that can help conduct that signal,
Chuyang Cheng, a fourth-year graduate student in Stoddart's laboratory and first author of the paper, has spent his Ph d. studies researching molecules that mimic nature's biochemical machinery.
or liquefied in a solution is mixed with biocompatible iron oxide or another magnetic material and placed inside a hypodermic needle.
2015new class of 3d printed aerogels improve energy storage April 22nd, 2015nanotubes/Buckyballs/Fullerenes Sandia researchers first to measure thermoelectric behavior by'Tinkertoy'materials May 20th, 2015cotton fibres instead of carbon nanotubes May 9th, 2015a better way to build DNA scaffolds:
Simple design mimics pumping mechanism of life-sustaining proteins found in living cells May 19th, 2015studying dynamics of ion channels May 18th, 2015the next step in DNA COMPUTING:
said Nicholas Hud, a professor in Georgia Tech School of Chemistry and Biochemistry. ith this work,
which also included Martha Grover from Georgia Tech School of Chemical & Biomolecular engineering, has used so far the solvent to assemble three structures,
added Hud, who is also director of the NSF-NASA Center for Chemical Evolution and associate director of the Parker H. Petit Institute of Bioengineering and Bioscience,
proteins and genetic materials to attack tumors on several fronts from within the brain,"said Julia Ljubimova, MD, Phd,
The nanodrug can have a variety of chemical and biological"modules"attached.""Each component serves a specialized function,
. a biotech company associated with Cedars-Sinai. The study was supported by NIH grants U01 CA151815, R01 CA136841, R01 CA188743,
nanoelectronics manufacturing and scientists'ability to observe single molecules May 23rd, 2015aspen Aerogels to Present at the Cowen and Company Technology,
Synthetic pieces of biological molecule form framework and glue for making nanoparticle clusters and arrays May 25th, 2015engineering Phase changes in Nanoparticle Arrays:
Synthetic pieces of biological molecule form framework and glue for making nanoparticle clusters and arrays May 25th, 2015nanostructures Increase Corrosion resistance in Metallic Body Implants May 24th, 2015iranian
Synthetic pieces of biological molecule form framework and glue for making nanoparticle clusters and arrays May 25th, 2015engineering Phase changes in Nanoparticle Arrays:
One benefit of the new wood-based aerogel material is that it can be used for three-dimensional structures."
"The finished aerogel can then be treated with electronic properties.""We use a very precise technique,
which adds ink that conducts electricity within the aerogel. You can coat the entire surface within."
"Hamedi says the aerogel batteries could be used in electric car bodies, as well as in clothing, providing the garment has a lining.
and his work on aerogels is in the basis for the invention of soft electronics. Another partner is leading battery researcher, Professor Yi Cui from Stanford university t
Researchers in China have created a new 3-dimensional polypyrrole aerogel-based electromagnetic absorber material that can serve as an inexpensive alternative to costly graphene aerogels Abstract:
and Technology to tap into organic chemistry and conducting polymers to fabricate a three-dimensional (3-D) polypyrrole (PPY) aerogel-based electromagnetic absorber.
"We're also able to pour the Fecl3 solution directly into the pyrrole solution--not drop by drop--to force the pyrrole to polymerize into a 3-D aerogel rather than PPY particles."
"In short, the team's 3-D PPY aerogel is designed to exhibit"desirable properties such as a porous structure and low density,"Wu noted.
the team's new aerogel has the lowest adjunction and widest effective bandwidth--with a reflection loss below-10 decibels.
In terms of applications, based on the combination of low adjunction and a"wide"effective bandwidth, the researchers expect to see their 3-D PPY aerogel used in surface coatings for aircraft.
"If our 3-D PPY aerogel could build a conductivity network in this type of coating,
"Our goal is to grow solid-state polymerized PEDOT particles in the holes of the 3-D PPY aerogel formed by PPY chains,"Wu added d
"finding a nanothermometer sensitive enough at this scale is a great step forward in the field of nanotechnology, with applications in biology, chemistry, physics and even in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases
In Kinsis, material scientists, chemists, physicists, biologists, electrical engineers, information scientists, food scientists and physicians work closely together.
Researchers in China have created a new 3-dimensional polypyrrole aerogel-based electromagnetic absorber material that can serve as an inexpensive alternative to costly graphene aerogels June 3rd,
Synthetic pieces of biological molecule form framework and glue for making nanoparticle clusters and arrays May 25th, 2015discoveries Tissue Engineering Scaffolds Produced from Natural Silk in Iran June 8th,
Iranian researchers produced biocompatible and biodegradable nanocomposite scaffolds by using a type of natural silk with no cellular toxicity observed in the experiments.
This substance has applications in the production of tissue engineering scaffolds as a biological material due to its appropriate mechanical properties and computability.
the mechanical properties of the scaffold increases and desirable biocompatibility properties are obtained. Therefore, the proposed nanocomposite scaffold is appropriate from the amount and porosity distribution points of view for the growth of gum fibroblast cells,"Dr. Abbas Teimouri, one of the researchers, stated.
an associate professor of chemistry and biochemistry at UC San diego who headed the research effort with Seth Cohen, chair of UC San diego's Department of chemistry and Biochemistry.'
Researchers in China have created a new 3-dimensional polypyrrole aerogel-based electromagnetic absorber material that can serve as an inexpensive alternative to costly graphene aerogels June 3rd, 2015govt.
Researchers in China have created a new 3-dimensional polypyrrole aerogel-based electromagnetic absorber material that can serve as an inexpensive alternative to costly graphene aerogels June 3rd, 201 0
Inc. Announces Launch of Heat shield (TM) EPX4 Thermal Insulation and Chemical Resistant Coating June 12th, 2015aspen Aerogels to Webcast 2015 Annual Meeting of Stockholders June 11th, 2015framework
The researchers, led by University of Illinois bioengineering professors Dipanjan Pan and Rohit Bhargava, report their findings in the journal Small."
"##The research team included faculty members in bioengineering, chemical and biomolecular engineering, chemistry, electrical and computer engineering and mechanical science and engineering;
4-D printing to advance chemistry, materials sciences and defense capabilities June 18th, 2015cancer First full genome of a living organism assembled using technology the size of smartphone June 15th,
and that different physical mechanisms are used in different spectral bands to realize the same biological function of reducing body temperature.
Their discovery that there is a biological solution to a thermoregulatory problem could lead to the development of novel flat optical components that exhibit optimal cooling properties. uch biologically inspired cooling surfaces will have high reflectivity in the solar
if the ants were without the hair cover. he fact that these silver ants can manipulate electromagnetic waves over such a broad range of spectrum shows us just how complex the function of these seemingly simple biological organs of an insect can be,
Understanding and harnessing natural design concepts deepens our knowledge of complex biological systems and inspires ideas for creating novel technologies.
and deposited onto a spinal cord lesion in Glial fibrillary acidic protein-luc Transgenic mices (GFAP-luc mice). Overexpression of GFAP is an indicator of astrogliosis/neuroinflammation in CNS injury.
#Biomanufacturing of Cds quantum dots: A bacterial method for the low-cost, environmentally-friendly synthesis of aqueous soluble quantum dot nanocrystals Abstract:
along with a team of chemical engineering, bioengineering, and material science students present this novel approach for the reproducible biosynthesis of extracellular,
water-soluble QDS in the July 1 issue of the journal Green Chemistry. This is the first example of engineers harnessing nature's unique ability to achieve cost effective and scalable manufacturing of QDS using a bacterial process.
This biosynthetic approach provides a viable pathway to realize the promise of green biomanufacturing of these materials.
the biomanufacturing technique cuts that cost to about $1-$10 per gram. The substantial reduction in cost potentially enables large-scale production of QDS viable for use in commercial applications."
"While biosynthesis of structural materials is established relatively well, harnessing nature to create functional inorganic materials will provide a pathway to a future environmentally friendly biomanufacturing based economy.
We believe that this work is the first step on this path."#"##The research was conducted by principal investigators Mcintosh, Berger,
and Kiely along with Zhou Yang and Victoria F. Bernard of the Department of Chemical and Biomolecular engineering;
Can we take some inspiration from biology and create a skin-like display? As detailed in the cover article of the June issue of the journal Nature Communications,
including landmark new student services centres-the Forum in Exeter and The Exchange on the Penryn Campus in Cornwall, together with world-class new facilities for Biosciences, the Business school and the Environment and Sustainability Institute.
and underwear incorporating sensing devices for measuring a range of biological indicators such as heart rate and muscle contraction.
This method is based on the standards of green chemistry due to the use of biological and green reactants instead of toxic chemicals and contaminants.
In this research, biocompatible nanoparticles based on zinc oxide were synthesized through green chemistry standards. Carrying out all reactions in the green solvent of water
use of biological reactant and elimination of toxic and polluting materials and solvents are among the most important advantages of the proposed method.
being piezoelectric and pyroelectric and biocompatibility. Results of the research have been published in Ceramics International, vol. 41, issue 7, 2015, pp. 8382-8387 7
in-vitro and in vivo biological testing), allowing researchers to fully comprehend the biodistribution, metabolism, pharmacokinetics, safety profiles and immunological effects of their medicinal nanoproducts.
*The technology was designed to track the machinery of biological cells, down to the tiniest bits of DNA, a single"base pair"of nucleotides among the 3 billion of these chemical units in human genes.
But the instrument could be useful well beyond biology, biochemistry and biophysics, perhaps in manufacturing.
These biochemical processes are responsible for a broad range of movement in living organisms, including moving molecules around the interior of a cell or copying DNA into another form of genetic material, RNA.
The new JILA instrument also can aid in measuring individual proteins as they fold into specific positions
The instrument must be stable to within about one-tenth of a nanometer (1 angstrom to biologists, equivalent to the diameter of a hydrogen atom.
and biological samples can be investigated today using X-ray tomography. This is done by recording images layer-by-layer
Because of their essential role in our immune response, they are useful clinical biomarkers for detecting prostate cancer and other diseases.
"Biomarkers such as glycoproteins are essential in diagnostics as they do not rely on symptoms perceived by the patient,
However, the changes in the biomarkers can be incredibly small and specific and so we need technology that can discriminate between these subtle differences-where antibodies are not able to."
Researchers have developed a new approach for better integrating medical devices with biological systems. The researchers, led by Bozhi Tian,
The team achieved three advances in the development of semiconductor and biological materials. One advance was the demonstration, by strictly chemical means, of three-dimensional lithography.
The testing showed that the synthetic silicon spicules displayed stronger interactions with collagen fibers--a skin-like stand-in for biological tissue--than did currently available silicon structures.
or modifying the biological sample. Second, it stresses graphene's incredible potential in the area of sensing.##
The remaining particles degrade easily after disposal because of their biocompatible lignin core, limiting the risk to the environment."
"said Velev, INVISTA Professor of Chemical and Biomolecular engineering at NC State and the paper's corresponding author."
Ralstonia, a genus of bacteria containing numerous soil-borne pathogen species; and Staphylococcus epidermis, a bacterium that can cause harmful biofilms on plastics-like catheters-in the human body.
The nanoparticles were effective against all the bacteria. The method allows researchers the flexibility to change the nanoparticle recipe in order to target specific microbes.
"said Cassandra Callmann, a graduate student in chemistry and biochemistry at the University of California, San diego,
and Bioengineering provided financial support. This novel approach to using enzyme-directed assembly of particle theranostics (EDAPT) is patent pending.
professor of chemistry and biochemistry, was published in the journal Nature Communications on July 1, 2015. In its single-layer form, molybdenum disulfide is optically active,
"said Jihyun Kim, the team leader and a professor in the Department of Chemical and Biological engineering at Korea University."
the processing of the woolen fabric samples by using optimum amount of honeycomb nanocomposite such as N-Ag/Zno improves the biological, mechanical and hydrophilicity of the fabrics.
'"Halas, Rice's Stanley C. Moore Professor of Electrical and Computer engineering and professor of chemistry, bioengineering, physics and astronomy,
"The only exotic component is the carbon nanotube aerogel sheet used for the fiber sheath.""Last year, UT Dallas licensed to Lintec of America a process Baughman's team developed to transform carbon nanotubes into large-scale structures, such as sheets.
to manufacture carbon nanotube aerogel sheets for diverse applications.#####The Science research was supported by the Air force Office of Scientific research, the Robert A. Welch Foundation, the U s army, the National institutes of health, the National Science Foundation and the Office of Naval Research.
"Besides solar energy, the ability to upconvert two low energy photons into one high energy photon has potential applications in biological imaging, data storage and organic light-emitting diodes.
Joseph Perry, a professor in the School of Chemistry and Biochemistry at the Georgia Institute of technology."
#Self-assembling, biomimetic membranes may aid water filtration Abstract: A synthetic membrane that self assembles and is produced easily may lead to better gas separation,
This biomimetic membrane is composed of lipids--fat molecules --and protein-appended molecules that form water channels that transfer water at the rate of natural membranes,
and transport proteins are amazing machines present in biological membranes, "said Manish Kumar, assistant professor of chemical engineering, Penn State."
Peter Butler, professor of biomedical engineering; Sheereen Majd, assistant professor of biomedical engineering and You Jung Kang, graduate student in bioengineering, all at Penn State.
Also participating were Aleksei Aksimentiev, associate professor of physics and Karl Decker, graduate student, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign;
Thomas Walz, professor of cell biology and Rita de Zorzi, postdoctoral fellow, Harvard Medical school. The National Science Foundation, the U s army Corps of Engineers, an Extreme Science and Engineering Discovery Allocation and the Blue waters petascale supercomputer system at University of Illinois supported parts of this research h
and allows us to determine the gene expression of those highly mobile cells in comparison to the less mobile ones.
and biology,"says study co-senior author Euisik Yoon, Ph d.,professor of electrical engineering and computer science and of biomedical engineering and director of the Lurie Nanofabrication Facility at the U-M College of Engineering."
"In past decades, engineers have developed biological tools with better resolution, higher sensitivity, selectivity and higher throughput,
The goal of our lab is to develop tools that can be disseminated widely to the biology community to eventually impact clinical care for patients."
the graphene flakes are mixed with a biocompatible elastomer and quickly evaporating solvents.""It's a liquid ink,
An expert in biomaterials, Shah said 3-D printed graphene scaffolds could play a role in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine as well as in electronic devices.
Shah said the biocompatible elastomer and graphene's electrical conductivity most likely contributed to the scaffold's biological success."Cells conduct electricity inherently--especially neurons,
"Shah said.""So if they're on a substrate that can help conduct that signal,
Fang says, of biomolecules placed on the hybrid material surface. Sheng Shen, an assistant professor of mechanical engineering at Carnegie mellon University who was involved not in this research,
and infused it with biocompatible quantum dots tiny, semiconducting crystals made out of zinc and selenium.
up to 1000 times more than current conventional methods. his advance will open up a range of possibilities for accurately studying complex matter, for example biomolecules in solution,
Courtesy of SQZ Biotech) We wanted to remove an important barrier in using B cells as an antigen-presenting cell population,
Darrell Irvine, a member of the Koch Institute and a professor of biological engineering and of materials sciences and engineering, is the papers senior author.
Courtesy of SQZ Biotech) Through Cellsqueeze, the device platform originally developed at MIT, the researchers pass a suspension of B cells and target antigen through tiny, parallel channels etched on a chip.
Gail Bishop, a professor of microbiology at the University of Iowa Carver School of medicine and director of the schools Center for Immunology and Immune-Based Diseases, says that this paper presents a creative new approach with considerable
and using nucleic acids bears a risk for accidental genome editing. These methods are also toxic,
After developing Cellsqueeze at MIT, Sharei co-founded SQZ Biotech in 2013 to further develop and commercialize the platform.
Meanwhile, SQZ Biotech aims to reduce the footprint of its device, which could potentially lower the time
As the biology and technology become further refined the authors say that their approach could potentially be a more efficient, more effective,
Professor of Biomaterials Sciences at the University of Sheffield, said: icroorganisms can attach themselves to implants
"Synthetic biologists have been attempting for years to expand on nature's genetic"alphabet, "consisting of the nucleotide bases cytosine, guanine,
Discovered in the 1970s, SERS is a sensing technique prized for its ability to identify chemical and biological molecules in a wide range of fields.
and measure chemical and biological molecules using a broadband nanostructure that traps wide range of light,
When a powerful laser interacts chemical and biological molecules, the process can excite vibrational modes of these molecules and produce inelastic scattering, also called Raman scattering, of light.
"The ability to detect even smaller amounts of chemical and biological molecules could be helpful with biosensors that are used to detect cancer, Malaria, HIV and other illnesses."
but the algorithms that handle sound and image processing are inspired by biology, says Professor yvind Brandtsegg at NTNU.
preventing highly accurate optogenetic control. Postdoctoral fellow Fuun Kawano, Associate professor Moritoshi Sato and their research group at the Graduate school of Arts
which they applied a variety of modifications using genetic engineering techniques. As a result, the research group succeeded in developing a small photoswitching protein controllable with a temporal resolution of seconds by irradiation with blue light.
This new photoswitching protein offers a powerful tool for a deeper understanding of molecular processes in biological systems
and to conduct gene therapy at any tissue in living organisms n
#Trees are source for high-capacity, soft and elastic batteries (Nanowerk News) A method for making elastic high-capacity batteries from wood pulp was unveiled by researchers in Sweden and the US.
One benefit of the new wood-based aerogel material is that it can be used for three-dimensional structures."
"The finished aerogel can then be treated with electronic properties.""We use a very precise technique,
which adds ink that conducts electricity within the aerogel. You can coat the entire surface within."
"Hamedi says the aerogel batteries could be used in electric car bodies, as well as in clothing, providing the garment has a lining.
and his work on aerogels is in the basis for the invention of soft electronics. Another partner is leading battery researcher, Professor Yi Cui from Stanford university y
#Intelligent bacteria for detecting disease Another step forward has just been taken in the area of synthetic biology.
published in the journal Science Translational Medicine("Detection of pathological biomarkers in human clinical samples via amplifying genetic switches
Since the advent of biotechnology, researchers have modified bacteria to produce therapeutic drugs or antibiotics. In this novel study
This is where biological systems come into play. Living cells are real nanomachines that can detect and process many signals
Jérôme Bonnet's team in Montpellier's Centre for Structural Biochemistry (CBS) had the idea of using concepts from synthetic biology derived from electronics to construct genetic systems making it possible to"programme"living cells like a computer.
The electrical signals used in electronics are replaced by molecular signals that control gene expression. It is thus now possible to implant simple genetic"programmes"into living cells in response to different combinations of molecules.
Chemists, physicists, biologists, materials scientists and engineers team up to focus on these essential questions: Which material properties are new,
which has been published online in the journal Biomaterials("Engineered composite tissue as a bioartificial limb graft),
"The composite nature of our limbs makes building a functional biological replacement particularly challenging, "explains Harald Ott, MD, of the MGH Department of Surgery and the Center for Regenerative medicine, senior author of the paper."
The research team then cultured the forelimb matrix in a bioreactor, within which vascular cells were injected into the limb's main artery to regenerate veins and arteries.
and after two weeks, the grafts were removed from the bioreactor. Analysis of the bioartificial limbs confirmed the presence of vascular cells along blood vessel walls
Soft, multisegment actuators used in the soft robotic glove enable an assistive range of motions alike those performed by the biological fingers and thumb.
and Assistant professor of Mechanical and Biomedical engineering AT SEAS. A team of undergraduate students also contributed to an early glove design as part of his ES227 Medical device Design Course.
and silicone elastomer, support the range of motions performed by biological fingers. The glove's control system is portable and lightweight
. who is also the Judah Folkman Professor of Vascular Biology at Harvard Medical school and Boston Children's Hospital and Professor of Bioengineering AT SEAS."
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