Velásquez-García and his colleagues use a technique called deep reactive-ion etching. On either face of a silicon wafer, they etch dense arrays of tiny rectangular columns tens of micrometers across
North carolina State university engineer Orlin Velev and colleagues show that silver-ion infused lignin nanoparticles, which are coated with a charged polymer layer that helps them adhere to the target microbes,
North carolina State university engineer Orlin Velev and colleagues show that silver-ion infused lignin nanoparticles, which are coated with a charged polymer layer that helps them adhere to the target microbes,
While typical plasma cleaners used in semiconductor fabrication operate using a"sputtering"mechanism where the sample is bombarded with ions carrying significant kinetic energy
while maintaining an appropriate concentration of copper two ions and supporting electrolyte. In this environment, the production of the right catalyst, complexes of copper one and the bonding of nanoparticles itself to the substrate is very efficient,
--which is about four times higher than that of lithium-ion batteries currently used in mobile devices.
it is critical to have a large electrochemically accessible surface area, high electrical conductivity and short ion diffusion pathways.
and reduces the distance for ion diffusion process, "said Singh. He explained that supercapacitors store charges through a chemical process known as a redox reaction,
and transporting ions through another material at the interface between electrode and electrolyte. Larger redox reaction surfaces are essential for achieving a higher power density for supercapacitors."
Twin boundaries in lithium-ion batteries May 21st, 2015insidde: Uncovering the real history of art using a graphene scanner May 21st,
Twin boundaries in lithium-ion batteries May 21st, 2015insidde: Uncovering the real history of art using a graphene scanner May 21st,
Twin boundaries in lithium-ion batteries May 21st, 2015insidde: Uncovering the real history of art using a graphene scanner May 21st,
Twin boundaries in lithium-ion batteries May 21st, 2015defects can'Hulk-up'materials: Berkeley lab study shows properly managed damage can boost material thermoelectric performances May 20th, 2015taking control of light emission:
This work has been performed in co-operation with Professor Ion Tiginyanu and his team members from the Technical University of Moldova
#Buckle up for fast ionic conduction Abstract: ETH material engineers found that the performance of ion-conducting ceramic membranes that are so important in industry depends largely on their strain
and buckling profiles. For the first time, scientists can now selectively manipulate the buckling profile, and thus the physical properties, allowing new technical applications of these membranes."
"Ionics, ion-based data processing and energy conversion, is the electronics of the future, "says Jennifer Rupp, a professor of Electrochemical Materials at ETH Zurich,
Together with her group, Rupp produces ceramic materials that can conduct charged atoms (ions), such as oxygen or lithium ions, very quickly.
so that ions can move more quickly within them. In a study just published in the scientific journal Nature Materials
several doctoral students in her group demonstrated how ion transport depends greatly on the manner in
"This is one of the most frequently used ion conductors in the industry, "explains Sebastian Schweiger, a doctoral student.
In turn, this greatly influences the conductivity of the membrane for oxygen ions. The scientists are able to describe this effect in detail."
and ion conductivity of such membranes,"says Alexander Bork, another doctoral student. In recent decades, scientists have attempted mainly to influence the conductivity of such ion conductors by deliberately'contaminating'the material with certain foreign atoms-in technical terms,
doping. The ETH researchers have shown now that the conductivity can be controlled to a much greater degree by manipulation of the strain
In the experiment with the strain of the ion conductor, we have now found a possible explanation for this behaviour,
It now appears possible to optimise the characteristics of ion-conducting membranes. This supports the development of future gas sensors, ion-based data storage and micro energy converters, such as fuel cells-and potentially a range of other as yet unknown applications in the promising field of ionics.##
###For more information, please click herecontacts: Dr. Jennifer Ruppwriteemail('mat. ethz. ch','jennifer. rupp';'41-792-900-697copyright ETH Zurichissuers of news releases, not 7th Wave, Inc. or Nanotechnology Now, are solely responsible for the accuracy of the content.
2015cellulose from wood can be printed in 3-D June 17th, 2015solar cells in the roof and nanotechnology in the walls June 16th, 2015buckle up for fast ionic conduction June 16th,
while ions can still migrate from the anode to the cathode. The electrolyte plays a key role.
It must permit only the appropriate ions to pass between the anode and cathode. If free electrons or other substances could travel through the electrolyte,
Advancements in the electrolyte system of PEMFCTHE commercial development of a special electrolyte (single ion conducting polymer electrolyte) changed the field of electrochemical devices in a significant way.
Electrochemists have spent many years in a continuing search for newer, more highly conducting (ions and not electrons) and a more electrochemically stable electrolyte system.
With the development of a single ion (for example only hydrogen ions in PEMFC) conducting polymer, electrochemists have the ability to choose from a variety of polymers with both high conductivity for a given ion of interest (off course hydrogen ions
New technique combines electron microscopy and synchrotron X-rays to track chemical reactions under real operating conditions June 29th, 2015buckle up for fast ionic conduction June 16th, 2015a protective shield for sensitive catalysts:
which some of the metallic ions are placed. The size and shape of the pores are very effective in the selective sorption of the ions.
Based on the positive results the nanosorbent can be used in various industries such as foodstuff and petroleum to detect
News and information Samsung's New Graphene technology Will Double Life Of Your Lithium-Ion Battery July 1st,
2015announcements Samsung's New Graphene technology Will Double Life Of Your Lithium-Ion Battery July 1st, 2015researchers from the UCA, key players in a pioneering study that may explain the origin of several digestive diseases June 30th,
2015interviews/Book reviews/Essays/Reports/Podcasts/Journals/White papers Samsung's New Graphene technology Will Double Life Of Your Lithium-Ion Battery July 1st,
The embedded metal ions in the Ni1-xcuxcr2o4 spinel system cause a distortion of the crystal structure.
In this study, researchers first pattern nanostructures on the graphene surface by bombarding it with electron beams and etching it with oxygen ions.
Here, we show that lignin nanoparticles infused with silver ions and coated with a cationic polyelectrolyte layer form a biodegradable and green alternative to silver nanoparticles.
together with silver ions, can kill a broad spectrum of bacteria, including Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and quaternary-amine-resistant Ralstonia sp.
Ion depletion studies have shown that the bioactivity of these nanoparticles is limited time because of the desorption of silver ions.
NC State engineer Orlin Velev and colleagues show that silver-ion infused lignin nanoparticles, which are coated with a charged polymer layer that helps them adhere to the target microbes,
which ions are accelerated under an electrical field and smashed into a semiconductor. The impacting ions change the physical, chemical or electrical properties of the semiconductor.
In a paper published this week in the journal Applied Physics Letters, from AIP Publishing,
In the process, carbon ions were accelerated under an electrical field and bombarded onto a layered surface made of nickel, silicon dioxide and silicon at the temperature of 500 degrees Celsius.
which ions and electrons must rapidly move. Researchers have built arrays of nanobatteries inside billions of ordered,
identical nanopores in an alumina template to determine how well ions and electrons can do their job in such ultrasmall environments.
The nanobatteries were fabricated by atomic layer deposition to make oxide nanotubes (for ion storage) inside metal nanotubes for electron transport, all inside each end of the nanopores.
and well-controlled fabrication of nanotubular electrodes to accommodate ion motion in and out and close contact between the thin nested tubes to ensure fast transport for both ions and electrons.
Complete nanobatteries are formed in each nanopore of a dense nanopore array (2 billion per cm2),
while their ion insertion processes occur very fast, much like what happens at the surface of a double-layer capacitor.
and discharge) and for extended cycling, demonstrating that precise nanostructures can be constructed to assess the fundamentals of ion
and gaining a previously unattainable understanding of processes such as electron, water or ion transport or chemical reactions.
This produces a plasma consisting of carbon ions, which is deposited as a coating on the workpiece in the vacuum.
"Why It Matterslithium-ion batteries have many uses besides powering cell phones and laptops. Developing safer, more powerful cells with longer life is a worldwide challenge,
In an engineering first, Cui and his colleagues used lithium-ion battery technology to create one low-cost catalyst that is capable of driving the entire water-splitting reaction.'
'Our group has pioneered the idea of using lithium-ion batteries to search for catalysts, 'Cui said.'
The idea is to use lithium ions to chemically break the metal oxide catalyst into smaller and smaller pieces.'
#New technique for'seeing'ions at work in a supercapacitor Researchers from the University of Cambridge, together with French collaborators based in Toulouse,
the researchers were able to visualise how ions move around in a supercapacitor. They found that
electrolyte ions are stored in the anode. As the battery discharges, electrolyte ions leave the anode
and move across the battery to chemically react with the cathode. The electrons necessary for this reaction travel through the external circuit,
instead, positive and negative electrolyte ions simply tickto the surfaces of the electrodes when the supercapacitor is being charged.
the ions can easily opoff the surface and move back into the electrolyte. The reason why supercapacitors charge
and discharge so much faster is that the tickingand oppingprocesses happen much faster than the chemical reactions at work in a battery. o increase the area for ions to stick to,
like a carbon sponge, said Griffin. ut it hard to know what the ions are doing inside the holes within the electrode we don know exactly what happens
and the positive ions are attracted to the surface as the supercapacitor charges. But in the positive electrode, an ion xchangehappens,
as negative ions are attracted to the surface, while at the same time, positive ions are repelled away from the surface.
Additionally, the EQCM was used to detect tiny changes in the weight of the electrode as ions enter and leave.
This enabled the researchers to show that solvent molecules also accompany the ions into the electrode as it charges. e can now accurately count the number of ions involved in the charge storage process
and see in detail exactly how the energy is stored, said Griffin. n the future we can look at how changing the size of the holes in the electrode
and the ion properties changes the charging mechanism. This way we can tailor the properties of both components to maximise the amount of energy that is stored.
The next step, said Professor Clare P. Grey, the senior author on the paper, s to use this new approach to understand why different ions behave differently on charging, an ultimately design systems with much higher capacitances. i
#Smart insulin patch could replace injections for diabetes Painful insulin injections could become a thing of the past for the millions of Americans who suffer from diabetes, thanks to a new invention from researchers at North carolina State university and the University
and their behavior using only a handful of helium ions. The team's technique, published in Physical Review Letters("Strain doping:
This is accomplished by adding a few helium ions into a complex oxide material and provides a never before possible level of control over magnetic and electronic properties."
The method uses a low energy ion gun to add small numbers of helium ions into the material after it has been produced.
Lithium-ion cells with cobalt cathodes hold twice the energy of a nickel-based battery and four times that of lead acid.
It is possible for this lithium ion conduction following porous CB 6 to be safer than existing solid lithium electrolyte-based organic-molecular porous-materials utilizing the simple soaking method
only averaging 7. 5 Å a single lithium ion is 0. 76 Å, or. 76 x 10-10 m that runs through them.
The physical structure of the porous CB 6 enables the lithium ions to battery to diffuse more freely than in conventional LIBS
the porous CB 6 solid electrolytes showed impressive lithium ion conductivity. To compare this to existing battery electrolytes,
"NC State engineer Orlin Velev and colleagues show that silver-ion infused lignin nanoparticles, which are coated with a charged polymer layer that helps them adhere to the target microbes,
which ions are accelerated under an electrical field and smashed into a semiconductor. The impacting ions change the physical, chemical or electrical properties of the semiconductor.
In a paper published this week in the journal Applied Physics Letters("Wafer-scale synthesis of multi-layer graphene by high-temperature carbon ion implantation"),from AIP Publishing
In the process, carbon ions were accelerated under an electrical field and bombarded onto a layered surface made of nickel, silicon dioxide and silicon at the temperature of 500 degrees Celsius.
The sensor uses a nanoengineered silica chip with an active layer of ions that fluoresce
"We use a larger number of sensors related to ions but got poorer information. These researchers use less sensors,
and an ion crystal made up of charged atoms held in place using specific voltages and something known as the Coulomb force.
and pull the ion crystal across the lattice, and also adjust the spacing of its atoms.
when the atoms in the ion crystal were spaced out at the same distance as the peaks and troughs of the optical lattice,
But when the team changed the spacing of the ion crystal so that the atoms weren matched up with the optical lattice,
The innovation here isn't so much the material used in the batteries-it's the same lithium-ion compound that makes up the smartphone batteries of today-but the way in
or larger than those used in today's lithium-ion batteries. Today's batteries provide a reliable power supply for our smartphones electric cars
In crystalline form vanadium pentoxide can take three positively charged lithium ions--three times more than materials presently used in cathodes such as lithium iron phosphate.
However crystalline vanadium pentoxide cannot release all of the inserted Li-ions and only allows a few stable charge/discharge cycles.
This is because once the lithium ions penetrate the crystalline lattice during the loading process the lattice expands.
and lithium ions as they are transported through the electrodes. Afyon used this vanadate-borate glass powder for the battery cathodes
This would be enough energy to power a mobile phone between 1. 5 and two times longer than today's lithium-ion batteries Afyon estimates.
But any quantum computer--say one whose qubits are trapped laser ions or nitrogen atoms embedded in diamond--would still benefit from using entangled photons to move quantum information around.
The innovation is advanced an barrier between the electrodes in a lithium-ion battery. Made with nanofibers extracted from Kevlar, the tough material in bulletproof vests,
"Lithium-ion batteries work by shuttling lithium ions from one electrode to the other. This creates a charge imbalance,
They are large enough to let individual lithium ions pass, but small enough to block the 20-to-50-nanometer tips of the fern-structures.
which is important for good lithium-ion conductivity between the electrodes, Tung said.""The special feature of this material is we can make it very thin,
they are currently looking for ways to improve the flow of loose lithium ions so that batteries can charge
The study,"A dendrite-suppressing solid ion conductor from aramid nanofibers, "will appear online Jan 27 in Nature Communications.
To resolve that imbalance you could have other ions come in and bond or have the oxide lose
Now if the oxide surface says'I wish I had more negative charge'instead of the oxide gathering ions from the environment
or by binding ions from the aqueous solution the researchers were able to show the relationship between the polarization of the oxide
and transport properties of the"intermediate state"in lithium-ion batteries--key to understanding the mechanisms of charge
Lithium ions distribute themselves so as not to disturb this striped pattern. In addition, the intermediate state showed high lithium/electron conductivity compared to the charged
That is, both lithium ions and electrons could move faster in the intermediate state, contributing significantly to accelerating lithium-ion battery charge
and discharge reactions. The findings were contrary to expectations.""The intermediate state showed a long lifetime,
Researchers were able to identify for the first time the number of VOCS in breath samples by using a selected ion flow tube mass spectrometer,
The compounds in their exhaled breath are analysed by a selected ion flow tube mass spectrometer. The researchers used breath samples of patients with esophageal and gastric cancer at Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust from 2011 to 2013.
In an engineering first, Cui and his colleagues used lithium-ion battery technology to create one low-cost catalyst that is capable of driving the entire water-splitting reaction.'
'Our group has pioneered the idea of using lithium-ion batteries to search for catalysts, 'Cui said.'
The idea is to use lithium ions to chemically break the metal oxide catalyst into smaller and smaller pieces.'
#New manufacturing approach slices lithium-ion battery cost in half An advanced manufacturing approach for lithium-ion batteries, developed by researchers at MIT and at a spinoff company called 24m,
The existing process for manufacturing lithium-ion batteries, he says, has changed hardly in the two decades
while a flow battery system is appropriate for battery chemistries with a low energy density (those that can only store a limited amount of energy for a given weight), for high-energy density devices such as lithium-ion batteries,
"We realized that a better way to make use of this flowable electrode technology was to reinvent the lithium ion manufacturing process."
While conventional lithium-ion batteries are composed of brittle electrodes that can crack under stress, the new formulation produces battery cells that can be bent,
With traditional lithium-ion production plants must be built at large scale from the beginning in order to keep down unit costs,
and ions together in the materials at a speed that is ultrafast and allow new electronic phases to spontaneously form to engineer new properties,
The embedded metal ions in the Ni1-xcuxcr2o4 spinel system cause a distortion of the crystal structure.
or ion as a tiny self-contained magnet that can align itself with the neighboring magnetic ions,
these particles attach themselves to potassium ions in the lower part of the colon, where the concentration of free potassium is the highest.
"At the heart of the new technology is a piece of nano-engineered silica glass with ions that fluoresce in infrared light when a low power laser light hits them.
it generates thrust by accelerating ions (electrically charged atoms or molecules) out the back of a spacecraft.
#Chemists one step closer to new generation of electric car battery Lithium sulphur (Li-S) batteries can theoretically power an electric car three times further than current lithium-ion batteries for the same weight at much
sulphur can provide a competitive cathode material to lithium cobalt oxide in current lithium-ion cells.
#A Battery That Last Twice as Long A Solidenergy startup has developed a lithium-ion battery that stores far more energy.
which can store more lithium ions. The design consists of an ultra-thin metal anode made of thin lithium on copper
Solid Polymer Ionic Liquid (SPIL) electrolyte enables the ultra-thin lithium metal anode and improves the cell-level energy density by 50%compared to graphite anodes
It can be manufactured using existing Li-ion manufacturing facility leveraging mature infrastructure. The company says its prototype can be recharged 300 times while retaining 80%of its original storage capacityloser to
#Semiliquid Battery Almost As good as its Lithium Ion Counterparts and Supercapacitators Developed by researchers at the University of Texas, Austin,
A new semiliquid battery combines all that is best about its lithium ion counterparts and supercapacitators (pictured above) to bring us closer to the next generation of energy storage devices.
though slightly lower than that of lithium-ion batteries. This combination is a real winner considering that the battery is designed mostly for use in hybrid electric vehicles and energy storage for renewable energy sources.
Yu and his team attribute the battery stellar performance in large part to its liquid electrode design. he ions can move through the liquid battery very rapidly compared to in a solid battery,
Because of neodymium slightly larger size, the tips don get as close together as they do around dysprosium atoms. he difference in size between the two ions is not that significant,
The combination of the two neodymium complexes, known as a dimer, encapsulates the neodymium ions, enabling them to dissolve in solvents like benzene or toluene.
#New manufacturing approach slices lithium-ion battery cost in half An advanced manufacturing approach for lithium-ion batteries, developed by researchers at MIT and at a spinoff company called 24m,
The existing process for manufacturing lithium-ion batteries, he says, has changed hardly in the two decades
for high-energy density devices such as lithium-ion batteries, the extra complexity and components of a flow system would add unnecessary extra cost.
e realized that a better way to make use of this flowable electrode technology was to reinvent the lithium ion manufacturing process.
While conventional lithium-ion batteries are composed of brittle electrodes that can crack under stress, the new formulation produces battery cells that can be bent,
With traditional lithium-ion production plants must be built at large scale from the beginning in order to keep down unit costs,
Viswanathan adds that 24m new battery design ould do the same sort of disruption to lithium ion batteries manufacturing as
and their behavior using only a handful of helium ions. The team technique, published in Physical Review Letters,
This is accomplished by adding a few helium ions into a complex oxide material and provides a never before possible level of control over magnetic and electronic properties. y putting a little helium into the material,
The method uses a low energy ion gun to add small numbers of helium ions into the material after it has been produced.
NC State engineer Orlin Velev and colleagues show that silver-ion infused lignin nanoparticles, which are coated with a charged polymer layer that helps them adhere to the target microbes,
Lithium ion batteriescathodes typically contain heavy metal ions like manganese, cobalt or iron, but in lithium air batteries, the much lighter oxygen in a sense acts as the cathode, creating a more efficient design.
A report from Deutsche Bank this year said solar energy storage would be cheap enough to be deployed on a large scale within five years as a result of a yearly cost reduction of 20%to 30%in the price of lithium-ion
-based Battery Company 24m and researchers at MIT have developed a new manufacturing approach for lithium-ion batteries.
Not much change has been noticed in the manufacturing of lithium-ion batteries in the two decades.
"We realized that a better way to make use of this flowable electrode technology was to reinvent the lithium ion manufacturing process".
and it an 18650-size automotive grade lithium ion cell. el go in and deploy vending machines,
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