| Laser (1857) |  |
| Photonics (486) | |
Injector gadget This process allows the flow of droplets of fuel to be imaged in a way that is not possible with ordinary light or lasers, for example.
delivering 10 to 100 times faster 3d imaging speeds than laser scanning confocal, two-photon,
Her study is published in the Advance Online Publication (AOP) on Nature Photonics's website on January 19, 2015."
the scientists used a technique called laser capture microdissection that was effective in removing individual cells from the chip without damaging them,
Tseng said it is conceivable that the new system will replace laser capture microdissection as the standard protocol. ith our new system,
a miniature dovetail stage and a laser diode that excites the fluorescently labeled DNA molecules"for the demonstration.
The device uses a thumbnail-sized quantum cascade laser (QCL) as well as tuning forks that cost no more than a dime to detect very small amounts of nitrous oxide and methane.
That allows for far better detection of gases than more common lasers that operate in the near-infrared.
and is far better able to detect trace amounts of gas than lasers used in the past.
The laser beam is focused between the two prongs of the quartz tuning fork. When light at a specific wavelength is absorbed by the gas of interest
but they say theye made a breakthrough that could take thermophotovoltaics far beyond where it gone before. mit thermophotovoltaics MIT nanophotonic solar thermophotovoltaic device, with an array of multialled carbon nanotubes as the absorber, a oneimensional silicon/silicon dioxide photonic crystal as the emitter
T) he team inserted a two-layer absorber-emitter device made of novel materials including carbon nanotubes and photonic crystals between the sunlight and the PV cell.
This layer is bonded tightly to a layer of a photonic crystal, which is engineered precisely so that when it is heated by the attached layer of nanotubes,
It then builds the new part by laser sintering a process in which lasers are guided by an image to add layers of powdered material on top of each other where needed until the exact shape required is achieved.
Efficiency by design The new technology reduces waiting times and post-surgery complications, saving on care costs and helping patients resume their normal lives more quickly.
#Developing high-efficiency lasers to manufacture solar panels As the world continues its efforts to combat climate change
The project could have multiple benefits not only boosting Europe leadership position in lasers and in the photovoltaic (PV) industry,
and producing lasers and it is important to build on that, says Professor Stefano Selleri of Università degli Studi di Parma in Italy,
Just consider the fact that the laser and fibre laser market has remained completely unaffected by a global economic crisis
which left very few other sectors undamaged. Solar panels are able to function because they have intricate patterns of tiny channels engraved into their surface,
using a sharp stylus. The primary focus of the ALPINE project was to pioneer the use of new fibre laser technology to do this engraving
The use of lasers makes the process much quicker, enabling scribing speeds of metres per second way beyond the capability of mechanical scribing.
the ALPINE scientists investigated the potential of a new type of laser. Compared with existing lasers,
photonic crystal fibre (PCF) lasers offer better and more accurate beam quality, are highly efficient, use less power,
and generate less heat. This novel laser system was given especially important the requirement for the scribing process to work with the new,
high-tech materials now being developed for solar panels. In place of conventional solar panels measuring up to 5 millimetres in thickness,
PCF lasers provide this accuracy. Moreover, since PCF lasers operate with ultra-short pulse rates,
they remain cooler than traditional lasers and avoid causing any heat damage to the film.
The new materials provide several advantages, whether the panels are deployed terrestrially or in space. Their significantly reduced weight is one clear benefit.
The results of the ALPINE team work, demonstrating the capability of PCF lasers to transform existing scribing technology and opening the way to rapid growth in the high-volume production of flexible,
to be replaced by laser scribing. This will not only increase the processing speed, but it will also reduce the cost of ownership of the new technology because of its low maintenance and its cost-efficiency.
While working at The netherlands Centre for Laser Research in 2000 he received Marie Curie funding to support two research fellows.
Laser marking might be the answerbut existing techniques produce microscopiccracks in the glass. It was to find a solution to this problem that the EU-funded SFERA project was set upusing funding from a programme designed tostimulate innovation by fostering cooperationbetween small and medium sized businessesaround Europe.
In a sector where aesthetics arecrucial the laser engraving is almost invisible. More than that it can even be used to produceattractive light diffraction effects taht actuallyenhance the product a real win-win situation.
and laser and fluid polishing. he software Delcam developed under COMET is already generating up to a million euros in additional sales,
in cooperation with Thales Research and Technology in the United kingdom, say the tuneable laser source integrated on silicon is a groundbreaking achievement in efforts to secure fully integrated transceivers.
The group from CEA-Leti and III-V lab also demonstrated single wavelength tuneable lasers with a 21 ma threshold at 20o Celsius, a 45 nm tuning range and a side mode suppression ratio larger than 40 db over the tuning range.
The researchers say silicon photonics is a powerful technology. Silicon photonics have the potential to bring the large-scale manufacturing of CMOS to photonic devices that are not cheap
because the technology is missing. Another challenge to silicon photonics is the lack of optical sources on silicon, the base material on CMOSS, according to the researchers.'
'We can overcome this problem by bonding III-V material, necessary for active light sources, onto a silicon wafer and then coprocessing the two,
'Commenting on the results, CEA-Leti France Photonics Program Manager, Laurent Fulbert, says:''We are proud to jointly present with III-V lab the results of the integrated silicon photonics transmitter and the tuneable laser.
The ability to integrate a tuneable laser, a modulator and passive waveguides on silicon paves the way of further developments on integrated transceivers that can address several application needs in metropolitan and access networks, servers, data centres,
high-performance computers as well as optical interconnects at rack-level and board-level. We are pleased to bring our contribution to these state-of-the-art results
#Euro-Indo collaboration develops new photodetector Photodetectors that analyse scattered light in the ultraviolet (UV) range of the spectrum are used often in situations where the rapid detection of hazardous biological
this can be shown, for example, by laser excitation. To this end, photodetectors with an extremely narrow bandwidth are required,
which only respond to particular wavelengths. Enter European and Indian scientists, who teamed up to offer the world an innovative solution.
This means its bandwidth is five times narrower than that of a comparable photodetector. The device is also sensitive to polarised light,
while the photodetector was produced at the Universidad Polotécnica de Madrid in Madrid, Spain by Carlos Rivera, Jose Luis Pau and Eliaz Munoz.
These agents are excited by a laser beam in order to produce fluorescence in the UV range of the spectrum.
A large number of photodetectors, with very narrow bandwidths, is necessary so as to simultaneously detect as many different substances as possible.
The photodetector developed by the international consortium is merely the size of a pin head
Using a standard laser printer stocked with special wax-based inks he printed patterns of small dots onto uncoated filter paper.
#Laser probe knows if you ate your veggies Yale university rightoriginal Studyposted by Michael Greenwood-Yale on November 6 2014a diet full of fruits
##The RRS device works by measuring changes in energy levels of electrons in molecules after the laser has excited them.
In collaboration with BD Technologies and Nexgen Arrays a start-up based at the Photonics Center and run by longtime SP-IRIS developers David Freedman
#See into living brain with lasers and nanotubes By injecting carbon nanotubes into the bloodstream, scientists can use near-infrared lasers to see blood flow in a living animal brain.
The new technique, which is almost completely noninvasive, was developed for mice, but could offer insight into human ailments, such as strokes, migraines,
The researchers then shine a near-infrared laser over the rodent skull. The light causes the specially designed nanotubes to fluoresce at wavelengths of 1, 300-1, 400 nanometers;
The technique, reported in Nature Photonics, could eventually be used in human clinical trials, Hong says,
With optogenetic tools that allowed the team to tune the firing frequency of these Chat+neurons up and down with laser light,
Better image quality For the current study, published online in Nature Photonics, the researchers validated the performance of DOT by comparing its results to fmri scans.
#Laser probe knows if you ate your veggies Yale university rightoriginal Studyposted by Michael Greenwood-Yale on November 6 2014a diet full of fruits
by measuring changes in energy levels of electrons in molecules after the laser has excited them.
For instance colloidal dispersions comprise such everyday items as paint milk gelatin glass and porcelain and for advanced engineering such as steering light in photonics.
#How energy loss can make lasers more intense Washington University in St louis rightoriginal Studyposted by Tony Fitzpatrick-WUSTL on October 20 2014energy loss in optical systems such as lasers is a chief hindrance
and efficiency and it occurs on an ongoing frustrating basis. To help laser systems overcome loss operators often pump the system with an overabundance of photons
or light packets to achieve optical gain. his turns the conventional textbook understanding of lasers upside down. ut now scientists have demonstrated a more effective#yet counterintuitive#way to reap energy gains:
they add loss to the laser system. In other words they ve invented a way to win by losing. oo much of something can be really detrimentalsays Sahin Kaya Ozdemir a research scientist at Washington University in St louis. f you pump in more energy to get more laser intensity
and it s too strong you can get a sudden drop in the laser performance. t is counterintuitive
and paradoxical to see that the lasing starts and its output power becomes higher and higher
when more loss is introduced that is less pumping is usedadds Ozdemir. his turns the conventional textbook understanding of lasers upside down. he results were published recently in the journal Science.
and reversing the effects of loss in various other physical systems such as in photonic crystal activities plasmonic structures and metamaterials.
The experimental system that the researchers used consists of two tiny directly coupled silica microtoroid (doughnut-shaped) resonators each coupled to a different fiber-taper coupler that aids in guiding light from a laser diode to photodetectors;
We used the laser to show it. he Presidential Early Career Award for Scientists and Engineers Army Research Office US Department of energy RIKEN ithes Project MURI Center for Dynamic Magneto-Optics Grant-in-aid for Scientific research Vienna Science and Technology Fund
and flexible electronic devices to harvest solar energysays Luyao Lu a graduate student in chemistry and lead author of a paper in the journal Nature Photonics that describes the result.
and director of Rice university s Laboratory for Nanophotonics. e know cephalopods have some of the same proteins in their skin that we have in our retinas so part of our challenge as engineers is to build a material that can see light the way their
For example Halas and colleagues published a study in Advanced Materials in August about an aluminum-based CMOS-compatible photodetector technology for color sensing.
You can create materials by design. he researchers use a direct laser writing method called two-photon lithography to ritea three-dimensional pattern in a polymer by allowing a laser beam to crosslink
The parts of the polymer that were exposed to the laser remain intact while the rest is dissolved away revealing a three-dimensional scaffold.
#Squid skin inspires eyelike photodetector Rice university rightoriginal Studyposted by Jade Boyd-Rice on August 27 2014the technology behind a new type of photodetector mimics the way squid likely sense colors.
Based on that hypothesis Bob Zheng a graduate student at Rice university set out to design a photonic system that could detect colored light.
The photodetector which sees colors in much the same way the human eye does uses an aluminum grating that can be added to silicon photodetectors with the silicon microchip industry s mainstay technology omplementary metal-oxide
The new device was created by researchers at Rice s Laboratory for Nanophotonics (LANP) and is described in a new study in the journal Advanced Materials.
Conventional photodetectors convert light into electrical signals but have no inherent color-sensitivity. To capture color images photodetector makers must add color filters that can separate a scene into red green and blue color components.
This color filtering is done commonly using off-chip dielectric or dye color filters which degrade under exposure to sunlight
Zheng s color photodetector uses a combination of band engineering and plasmonic gratings comb-like aluminum structures with rows of parallel slits.
which is a common technique in CMOS processing Zheng deposited a thin layer of aluminum onto a silicon photodetector topped with an ultrathin oxide coating.
Color selection is performed by utilizing interference effects between the plasmonic grating and the photodetector s surface.
and the width and spacing of the slits Zheng was able to preferentially direct different colors into the silicon photodetector
#Chilly molecules pave way for ultracold science Yale university rightoriginal Studyposted by Jim Shelton-Yale on August 25 2014physicists have chilled molecules to almost absolute zero using lasers fired from an apparatus they built in the lab. The molecules
The technology uses lasers to simultaneously cool particles and hold them in place. magine having a shallow bowl with a little molasses in itdemille explains. f you roll some balls into the bowl they will slow down
and the bowl with molasses is created via laser beams and magnetic fields. ntil now the complicated vibrations and rotations of molecules proved too difficult for such trapping.
The process uses a dozen lasers each with a wavelength controlled to the ninth decimal point. f you wanted to put a picture of something high-tech in the dictionary this is
which is slowed by pushing on it with a laser. t s like trying to slow down a bowling ball with ping pong ballsdemille explains. ou have to do it fast
and do it a lot of times. he slowed molecules enter a specially shaped magnetic field where opposing laser beams pass through the center of the field along three perpendicular axes.
Hitting the combined material with femtosecond pulses from a near-infrared laser prompted the indium phosphide to emit terahertz back through the graphene.
and changes over time. he laser gradually removes oxygen molecules from the graphene changing its density
Laser pulses generated coherent bursts of terahertz radiation through a built-in surface electric field of the indium phosphide substrate that changed due to charge transfer between the graphene and the contaminating molecules.
and Masayoshi Tonouchi at Osaka s Institute of Laser Engineering are continuing to collaborate on a project to measure the terahertz conductivity of graphene on various substrates says Kono.
#Laser detects distant bombs with 99%accuracy Texas A&m University rightoriginal Studyposted by Ryan Garcia-Texas A&m on August 13 2014new laser technology makes it possible to identify explosives biological
The lasers travel long distances and identify dangerous materials present within powders that commonly act as carriers for explosive nitrates and lethal biological agents such as anthrax and ricin.
and the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences the technology involves beaming a high-powered laser onto a powder for an extremely short amount of time#about a trillionth of a second.
When laser light contacts the molecules present within the powder it experiences a scattering effect that can be analyzed to construct a sort of molecular ingerprintthat reveals its exact chemical makeup says Vladislav Yakovlev professor in the biomedical engineering department at Texas A&m University. s
but by taking advantage of the inherent properties of the targeted powder researchers have been able to dramatically amplify the resulting emission. n very simple terms we can take a powder shine a laser on this powder
When a laser passes through the powder its wavelength is absorbed not fully. Instead some of the light from the laser scatters and the path length increases because of this multiple scattering#something scientists refer to as the aman effect. his scattered light is emitted then from the powder in a strong diffuse form that is visually similar to a bright LED light.
It#s this extremely bright emission that can be collected from long distances. e get a large amount of energy into the system in a very short amount of time.
which could beam a laser at the powder and collect the resulting signal with a powerful parabolic antenna so that the signal could then be analyzed
#See into living brain with lasers and nanotubes Stanford university rightoriginal Studyposted by Bjorn Carey-Stanford on August 7 2014by injecting carbon nanotubes into the bloodstream scientists can use near-infrared lasers to see blood flow in a living animal s brain.
The new technique which is almost completely noninvasive was developed for mice but could offer insight into human ailments such as strokes migraines and possibly Alzheimer s and Parkinson s diseases.
The researchers then shine a near-infrared laser over the rodent s skull. The light causes the specially designed nanotubes to fluoresce at wavelengths of 1300-1400 nanometers;
and is now a postdoctoral fellow at Harvard university. ll we have to remove is some hair. he techniqueâ reported in Nature Photonics could eventually be used in human clinical trials Hong says
#Laser device sniffs out tiny traces of explosives University of California Berkeley rightoriginal Studyposted by Sarah Yang-Berkeley on July 24 2014mechanical engineers have found a way to dramatically increase the sensitivity of a light-based plasmon sensor.
Because of this the researchers are hopeful that their plasmon laser sensor could detect pentaerythritol tetranitrate or PETN an explosive compound considered a favorite of terrorists.
The new device builds upon earlier work in plasmon lasers by Zhang s lab that compensated for this light leakage by using reflectors to bounce the surface plasmons back and forth inside the sensorâ##similar to the way sound waves
which work by detecting shifts in the wavelength of light Zhang says. he difference in intensity is similar to going from a light bulb for a table lamp to a laser pointer.
Ogilvie and her research group developed an ultrafast laser pulse experiment that can match the speed of these reactions.
By using carefully timed sequences of ultrashort laser pulses, Ogilvie and coworkers were able to initiate photosynthesis
the new method for enriching stable isotopes, called MAGIS (magnetically activated and guided isotope separation), needs little energy due to its use of low-powered lasers and permanent magnets.
This new form of solid stable light-sensitive nanoparticles called colloidal quantum dots could lead to cheaper and more flexible solar cells as well as better gas sensors infrared lasers infrared light emitting diodes and more.
The study is published online in Nature Photonics. The National Science Foundation and the Air force Office of Scientific research funded the work e
The device uses a thumbnail-sized quantum cascade laser (QCL) as well as tuning forks that cost no more than a dime to detect very small amounts of nitrous oxide and methane.
That allows for far better detection of gases than more common lasers that operate in the near-infrared.
and is far better able to detect trace amounts of gas than lasers used in the past.
The laser beam is focused between the two prongs of the quartz tuning fork. When light at a specific wavelength is absorbed by the gas of interest
NASA'#Lunar Advanced Science and Exploration Research (LASER) program and the NASA Lunar Science Institute (NLSI) supported the research.
#Laser light creates hologram the width of a hair Purdue University rightoriginal Studyposted by Emil Venere-Purdue on December 9 2013researchers have created tiny holograms using a etasurfacecapable of the ultra-efficient control of light.
Laser light shines through the nanoantennas creating the hologram 10 microns above the metasurface. f we can shape characters we can shape different types of light beams for sensing
Nanostructured metamaterials however are making it possible to reduce the wavelength of light allowing the creation of new types of nanophotonic devices says Vladimir M. Shalaev scientific director of nanophotonics at Purdue s Birck Nanotechnology Center
and control the routing of light in devices too tiny for conventional lasers. The researchers have shown how to control the intensity
and phase or timing of laser light as it passes through the nanoantennas. Each antenna has its own hase delayow much light is slowed as it passes through the structure.
and hit them with high-powered lasers you see them for a fraction of a second to upwards of a few seconds
and DNA. ingle crystals are the backbone of many things we rely onâ##diamonds for beauty as well as industrial applications sapphires for lasers
but the recipe can be applied to a variety of materials with potential applications in the fields of materials science photonics electronics
Previous experiments showed the ability to create superfluorescent bursts from a stack of quantum wells excited by a laser in extreme cold and under the influence of a strong magnetic field both
When pumped by a strong laser these quantum degenerate particles gathered energy and released it as light at the Fermi edge:
Such semiconductors are used often in lasers optics and infrared detectors. The National Science Foundation and USC funded the work.
or the batteries have no charge remaining. n addition to the applications discussed above such technology could be extended to other radiations such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and light detection and ranging (LIDAR)
#This electron accelerator is smaller than a grain of rice Stanford university rightoriginal Studyposted by Mike Ross-Stanford on September 30 2013researchers have used a laser to accelerate electrons at a rate 10 times higher than conventional technology
materials science. ecause it employs commercial lasers and low-cost mass-production techniques the researchers believe it will set the stage for new generations of abletopaccelerators.
which uses ultrafast lasers to drive the accelerator is a leading candidate. Particles are accelerated generally in two stages.
Infrared laser light shining on the pattern generates electrical fields that interact with the electrons in the channel to boost their energy.
It simultaneously reports in Physical Review Letters its success in using a laser to accelerate lower energy electrons.
Byer says laser accelerators could drive compact X-ray free-electron lasers comparable to SLAC s Linac Coherent light Source that are all-purpose tools for a wide range of research.
and stabilize signals of high-quality lasers. Itâ#the first time such a device has been miniaturized to fit on a chip
In addition to its use as a frequency reference for lasers a reference cavity could one day play a role equivalent to that of the ubiquitous quartz crystal in electronics.
roles of photonics and electronics. urrently electronics perform signal processing while photonics rule in transporting information from one place to another over fiber-optic cable.
Eventually oscillators in high-performance electronics systems while outwardly appearing to be electronic devices will internally be purely opticalvahala says. he technology that Kerry
#Laser pinpoints tiniest traces of explosive Michigan State university rightoriginal Studyposted by Layne Cameron-Michigan State on September 9 2013a bomb-detecting laser that can find micro-traces of explosive
even if itâ#merely a minute trace on a zipper. his doesnâ##t mean that security will be armed with handheld lasers in airports.
The laser would more likely be in a conveyor belt like the X-ray scanners already used for airport security.
The low energy laser is safe to use on luggage as well as passengers Dantus says. For decades scientists have been working to develop lasers that are powerful enough for detection
but safe enough to use on people. Dantusâ##initial spark came from a collaboration with Harvard university that developed a laser that could be used to detect cancer
but has the beam output of a simple presentation pointer. hile working on biomedical imaging I began exploring additional applicationsdantus says. e soon learned how effective it was for detecting traces of hazardous substances from distances up to 10 meters away. s described in the journal Applied Physics Letters the bomb-detecting
laser works as a single beam but uses two pulses. The first resonates with certain chemical frequencies found in explosives.
A discrepancy between the two pulses indicates the presence of explosive materials. he laser is affected not by the color
Biophotonic Solutions is a high-tech company Dantus launched in 2003 to commercialize technology invented by his research group.
researchers used a low-intensity laser to heat water on a gold surface. The tiny bubble optical behavior remains consistent
as long as the laser power and the environmental temperature stay constant. Simply moving the laser or adjusting the laser power can change how the bubble will deflect a light beam,
either as a concentrated beam at a specific target or as a dispersed wave. Changing the liquid also affects how a light beam will refract.
The materials to form bubble lenses are inexpensive, and the bubbles themselves are easy to dissolve,
#Cancel each other outin this new system a waveguide feeds laser light into a cavity created by two tiny silicon beams.
Yang is senior author on a paper in the journal Nature Photonics that describes the new imaging strategy.
director of the Laboratory for Nanophotonics (LANP) at Rice university. olar steam efficiency at converting sunlight directly into steam opens up new possibilities for off-grid sterilization that simply aren available today In a previous study last year,
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