Sunlight

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Synopsis: Domenii: Space: Space generale: Celestial body: Star: Stars: Sun: Sunlight:

A team at the University of Groningen has demonstrated a way to switch off antibiotic agents after just a few hours using warmth or sunlight.

or exposed to sunlight, they reverted to the Z-form, which is all but useless as an antibiotic.

Flower power, a device due to be launched towards the end of this year by Paris-based wireless tech company Parrot, measures sunlight, soil moisture, temperature and nutrient levels in plants,

and whether they should be moved to change sunlight levels. Flower power and related technologies could be vital in developing countries with dry climates.

and IFC is instrumental in bringing the project in Chile to life. he Atacama desert receives some of the planet steadiest concentrations of direct sunlight according to First Solar.

and shaded sunlight conditions; conventional systems suffer large efficiency losses, if able to work at all, under such conditions.

Unlike traditional building-applied photovoltaic (PV) systems, restricted to use in direct sunlight on very limited skyscraper rooftop space,

Solarwindow#is designed to operate in sunlight and shaded conditions on the many thousands of square feet of glass surfaces common to today#s high-rise towers#a game-changing advantage.

*Capable of producing power in direct sunlight and shaded or low natural light conditions;**Able to generate significant electricity from both natural and artificial light;*

#MIT Turns Up The Heat On Solar PV You might think that fewer steps in the process of turning sunlight into electricity would be the most efficient way to go.

T) he team inserted a two-layer absorber-emitter device made of novel materials including carbon nanotubes and photonic crystals between the sunlight and the PV cell.

This intermediate material collects energy from a broad spectrum of sunlight, heating up in the process.

facing the sunlight, is an array of multiwalled carbon nanotubes, which very efficiently absorbs the light energy and turns it to heat.

could provide efficiency because of their broadband absorption of sunlight; scalability and compactness, because they are based on existing chip-manufacturing technology;

The process involves single axis tracking concentrating collectors that essentially orient panels towards the sunlight.

#From sunlight to jet fuel: EU project makes first'solar'kerosene An EU-funded research project called SOLAR-JET has produced the world's first'solar'jet fuel from water and carbon dioxide (CO2), a promising technology for a better

using simulated sunlight. However, the results give hope that in future any liquid hydrocarbon fuels could be produced from sunlight

CO2 and water. The process In a first step concentrated light-simulating sunlight-was used to convert carbon dioxide

and water to synthesis gas (syngas) in a high-temperature solar reactor containing metal-oxide based materials developed at ETH Zürich.

which degrade under exposure to sunlight and can also be difficult to align with imaging sensors. oday s color filtering mechanisms often involve materials that are not CMOS-compatible

and his team to absorb specific nonvisible wavelengths of sunlight. e can tune these materials to pick up just the ultraviolet

Through photosynthesis, plants and some bacteria turn sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide into food for themselves and into oxygen for animals to breathe.

#Solar cell spikes let in 99%of sunlight The more light absorbed by a solar panel active elements,

A new one-step process to etch nanoscale spikes into silicon lets the maximum amount of sunlight reach a solar cell,

Collecting sunlight using these tiny colloidal quantum dots depends on two types of semiconductors: n-type which are rich in electrons and p-type

A typical solar cell has a silicon semiconductor that absorbs sunlight directly and converts it into electrical energy.

Instead of sending sunlight directly to the solar cell thermophotovoltaic systems have an intermediate component that consists of two parts:

an absorber that heats up when exposed to sunlight and an emitter that converts the heat to infrared light

That is roughly the same efficiency at which the best commercially available solar cells convert sunlight into electricity.

##Solar steam kills germs while off the grid RICE (US) A new sterilization system uses nanomaterials to convert 80 percent of the energy in sunlight into heat,

director of the Laboratory for Nanophotonics (LANP) at Rice university. olar steam efficiency at converting sunlight directly into steam opens up new possibilities for off-grid sterilization that simply aren available today In a previous study last year,

Halas and colleagues showed that olar steamwas so effective at direct conversion of solar energy into heat that it could even produce steam from ice water. t makes steam directly from sunlight,

and exposed to sunlight, the particles heat up so quickly they instantly vaporize water and create steam.

and the filters gradually degrade under exposure to sunlight. The Rice researchers stumbled upon the new technique while studying the hypothesis that cephalopods such as octopus and squid

and can be used easily outdoors, even in full sunlight. As a result, the new technology lends itself to applications such as 3d electronic billboards that could display different ads at the same time, dependent upon the angle of the viewer."

#Panasonic#s new technology purifies water with sunlight and photocatalysts Drinking clean water is something that many people in the world can't take for granted as they rely on polluted sources

The company recently presented a system that uses sunlight and photocatalysts to purify polluted water at a high reaction rate to improve access to clean water where it's needed.

organic photovoltaics) harvesting energy from interior lighting or sunlight for various small devices and sensors that gather information from the environment.

the printer uses the concentrated beam of sunlight to slowly trace an object into the sandbox layer by layer.

##But the maximum radio frequency intensity of the transmission##is only one-fourth that of sunlight,##according to former NASA wireless power transmission engineer Richard Dickinson.

#New LED light technology sheds light on the future of food LED growing lights, delivering sunlight whatever the weather.

the amount of sunlight that hits it varies greatly as the geosynchronous satellite and Earth spin.

The process of trapping sunlight also produces water that can be used to produce potable water and other modern day amenities such as air conditioning.

As the only organisms capable of converting sunlight into food, plants are the powerhouses that produce all of the sustenance On earth.

Like the leaves of a plant, the material requires only exposure to sunlight and a small amount of water to produce oxygen."

small organic molecules to absorb specific nonvisible wavelengths of sunlight.""We can tune these materials to pick up just the ultraviolet and the near infrared wavelengths that then'glow'at another wavelength in the infrared,

or brightening, how this affects the amount of sunlight reaching the planet's surface and what that means for climate change.

tends to absorb sunlight rather than scattering it back into space. This means that it warms the troposphere in much the same way as carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases.

At the same time the novel cells could be built into so-called multijunction solar cells#compound devices that incorporate several different types of semiconductor material in layers like a sandwich to absorb as much of the energy in sunlight as possible.

Such multijunction cells have converted more than 43 percent of the energy in sunlight into electricity#currently

but they can be made cheaper by combining them with low-cost lenses to concentrate the sunlight onto smaller versions of the cells.

which uses sunlight for the same purpose. Chemosynthesis also fuels life at other deep-sea locations such as hydrothermal vents

the crust"would be the first major ecosystem On earth to run on chemical energy rather than sunlight,

That means renewable energy sources like wind or sunlight which are often patchy are not reliable enough.

which make fuel from sunlight just like plants says Lee Cronin at the University of Glasgow UK.

while letting enough sunlight through to allow them to photosynthesise. Complex life evolved long before the crater formed

and has the additional benefits of absorbing sunlight from a wide range of angles and withstanding extremely high temperatures.

The sunlight s energy is converted first to heat which then causes the material to glow emitting light that can in turn be converted to an electric current.

In order to take maximum advantage of systems that concentrate sunlight using mirrors the material must be capable of surviving unscathed under very high temperatures Chou says.

And since the new material can absorb sunlight efficiently from a wide range of angles Chou says we don t need really solar trackers

or sunlight says Yangying Zhu a graduate student in MIT s Department of Mechanical engineering. So you could filter how much solar radiation you want coming in and also shed raindrops.

When sunlight hits the structure surface, it creates a hotspot in the graphite, drawing water up through the material pores,

if scaled up, the setup would likely not require complex, costly systems to highly concentrate sunlight.

Cutting the optical concentration Today, solar-powered steam generation involves vast fields of mirrors or lenses that concentrate incoming sunlight, heating large volumes of liquid to high enough

when exposed to sunlight, vaporizing the surrounding water molecules as steam. But initiating this reaction requires very intense solar energy about 1, 000 times that of an average sunny day.

is that steam-generating applications can function with lower sunlight concentration and less-expensive tracking systems. his is a huge advantage in cost-reduction,

Ghasemi looked for a material that could both efficiently absorb sunlight and generate steam at a liquid surface.

As sunlight hits the structure, it creates a hotspot in the graphite layer, generating a pressure gradient that draws water up through the carbon foam.

but the exact reason why the compound is so effective at blocking such a broad spectrum of sunlight has remained something of a mystery.

#Getting more electricity out of solar cells When sunlight shines on today solar cells, much of the incoming energy is given off as waste heat rather than electrical current.

In most photovoltaic (PV) materials, a photon (a packet of sunlight) delivers energy that excites a molecule,

Exposing them to sunlight causes them to absorb energy and jump from one configuration to the other,

Plants typically make use of only about 10 percent of the sunlight available to them,

and it works much more reliably than lidar in bright sunlight when ambient light can yield misleading readings.

First the cell absorbs sunlight which excites electrons in the active layer of the cell.

#Toward a low-cost'artificial leaf'that produces clean hydrogen fuel For years scientists have been pursuing artificial leaf technology a green approach to making hydrogen fuel that copies plants'ability to convert sunlight into a form of energy they can use.

Peidong Yang Bin Liu and colleagues note that harnessing sunlight to split water and harvest hydrogen is one of the most intriguing ways to achieve clean energy.

and exposed to sunlight produces hydrogen gas. The scientists say that the technique could allow their technology to be scaled up at low cost.

While they are not nearly as efficient as silicon-based solar cells in collecting sunlight and transforming it into electricity,

The new dye-sensitized solar cells were as much as 20 percent better at converting sunlight into power,

Professor Evans and his team have all of the membrane proteins required to construct a fully working mimic of the way plants capture sunlight.

and has the additional benefits of absorbing sunlight from a wide range of angles and withstanding extremely high temperatures.

The sunlight's energy is converted first to heat which then causes the material to glow emitting light that can in turn be converted to an electric current.

In order to take maximum advantage of systems that concentrate sunlight using mirrors the material must be capable of surviving unscathed under very high temperatures Chou says.

And since the new material can absorb sunlight efficiently from a wide range of angles Chou says we don't need really solar trackers

Researchers have known long that some single-celled organisms use a protein called bacteriorhodopsin (br) to absorb sunlight

If the researchers wanted to power their generators with sunlight, they'd need to improve on that.

calibrated to one Sun illumination (natural sunlight). The measurement itself is conceptually simple:""We're applying an oscillating voltage across the device

"We do this underneath the simulated sunlight. Mathematically, we're looking at the phase shifting of the current out relative to the voltage in."

which degrade under exposure to sunlight and can also be difficult to align with imaging sensors.

Collecting sunlight using these tiny colloidal quantum dots depends on two types of semiconductors: n-type which are rich in electrons;

and hold sunlight to drive the chemical reactions involved in water splitting. Semiconductors like silicon and gallium arsenide are excellent light absorberss is clear from their widespread use in solar panels.

While the overall efficiency of this cell is still low compared to other types about 9 percent of the energy of sunlight is converted to electricity the rate of improvement of this technology is one of the most rapid seen for a solar technology.

and thus boosting their overall efficiency in converting sunlight into electricity. Many approaches to creating low-cost large-area flexible and lightweight solar cells suffer from serious limitations such as short operating lifetimes

Just as a glass lens can be used to focus sunlight to a certain spot, these plasmonic nanostructures concentrate incoming light into hotspots on their surface,

Since the lunar environment has none of the resources needed for agriculture (except for sunlight) just how would this take some of the strain off earth's resources?

But don't forget as far as sunlight is concerned. On the moon you have 14 of our days of sunlight and then 14 of our days of dark.

But don't forget as far as sunlight is concerned. On the moon the sunlight is moderated not by an atmosphere.

Agreed d

#This Woman Sees 100 Times More Colors Than The Average Person When Concetta Antico looks at a leaf she sees much more than just green.

Around the edge I ll see orange or red or purple in the shadow; you might see dark green

In the Arctic for example there isn't enough sunlight to justify solar power for months at a time

This sponge converts 85 percent of the solar energy in sunlight it absorbs into heat, the authors wrote in the study,

or using a system of mirrors to concentrate sunlight, which are both more expensive and inefficient

#Urban vegetable garden system with LED lighting Keystone Technology LED vegetable garden system is a cultivation system for indoor plant factories that uses LED lighting instead of sunlight.

and does not have the coarse quality of lettuce grown in sunlight. Because it is softer it is a vegetable that is easy to eat even for elderly people.

and polyphenols than with vegetables grown in sunlight. ith this system there will be differences in production capacity depending on the shape of the plant.

In that time, the process has achieved almost 100 percent efficiency in transporting the energy of sunlight from receptors to reaction centers where it can be harnessed a performance vastly better than even the best solar cells.

We can change the way light waves are being reflected at will and ultimately focus a large area of sunlight onto a solar power tower

Other programmable materials could pay off in improved building environments. e want materials that transform themselves, depending on sunlight, moisture, humidity levels,

whereas waves in natural sunlight vibrate in all directions. Manipulating the polarization of light is essential for the operation of advanced microscopes, cameras and displays;

The new design extends the cell effective life in air by more than 10 times, with only a marginal loss of efficiency converting sunlight to electricity.

which has remarkable efficiency converting sunlight to electricity. Despite this success the delicate nature of perovskite a very light, flexible, organic-inorganic hybrid material stalled further development toward its commercialized use.

with only a marginal loss of efficiency converting sunlight to electricity. The study was published online in the journal Nature Nanotechnology.

The 20 per cent comes from sunlight, which is captured by a unique solar panel on top of the battery,

The 20 per cent comes from sunlight, which is captured by a unique solar panel on top of the battery,

#Artificial'plants'could fuel future cars Scientists have taken a big step towards creating artificial'plants'that can use only sunlight to make gasoline

a type of solar power based on the ability of plants to transform sunlight, carbon dioxide and water into sugars.

and our capacity to turn sunlight into electricity for Australian consumers and small businesses, "Mr Shorten said.

In the Labasianscientist (Oct 13, 2015)- Researchers at the University of Tokyo and Miyazaki University have produced hydrogen under natural sunlight at an energy conversion efficiency of 24.4 percent,

#Nanoscientists Convert Sunlight into Liquid fuel Using Nature and Technology Imagine creating artificial plants that make gasoline

and natural gas using only sunlight. And imagine using those fuels to heat our homes or run our cars without adding any greenhouse gases to the atmosphere.

a type of solar power based on the ability of plants to transform sunlight, carbon dioxide and water into sugars.

Further field tests are necessary to see how the nano-dispensers perform in sunlight varying temperatures and humidity levels.

which protect the organisms from negative effects of sunlight, such as DNA damage. The research also shows that the exact manner in which the photoreceptors bind to the DNA is novel.

Based on artificial photosynthesis, the process uses sunlight and carbon dioxide to make the building blocks for renewable plastics as well as fuels, paints,

one recent development is proposed a new $75 million round of funding for an Energy department project for making fuel out of sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water.

The new process starts by harvesting sunlight with a nanostructure of wires made from silicon and titanium:

hen sunlight is absorbed, photo-excited electron#hole pairs are generated in the silicon and titanium oxide nanowires,

that at higher temperatures resultant from prolonged exposure to sunlight, solar cells become increasing inefficient at converting sunlight photons into electricity.

however, the material allows visible sunlight through to the cell, thereby preserving the energy that required to produce electricity.

the overlay may actually provide an enhancing effect on the cell capacity to absorb sunlight in addition to increasing cell efficiency through the cooling mechanism.

the technology works in the face of direct sunlight and was tested as such when it was installed on a Stanford rooftop.

where sunlight absorption is required either for functional (such as solar cells) or aesthetic reasons (such as maintaining the colors for cars, clothes etc

That project takes 173,000 mirrors and focuses the sunlight to the plant solar receiver steam generator,

The photoanode uses sunlight to oxidize water molecules, generating protons and electrons as well as oxygen gas.

converts 10 percent of the energy in sunlight into stored energy in the chemical fuel,

and can operate for more than 40 hours continuously. ur work shows that it is indeed possible to produce fuels from sunlight safely and efficiently in an integrated system with inexpensive components,

the inability to work in bright light, especially sunlight. The key is to gather only the bits of light the camera actually needs.

Among other things, the sunlight that pours through them can raise the temperature in the office,

when exposed to strong sunlight and it's powered by that sunlight, too. The facade was developed via a collaboration between Fraunhofer and the Weissensee School of art in Berlin.

Based on a concept by design student Bára Finnsdottir, it's composed of an array of circular flower-like components.

that heat comes from direct sunlight. When that light heats the wires, they respond by reverting to a shape that draws the fabric discs closed,

which would diffuse the sunlight. That raises an issue with a fixed system versus one with trackers--in cloudy areas

the benefits of trackers can be diminished due to the sunlight being scattered from clouds. Source: PV Watts Trackers will typically add additional upfront costs of 2 percent to 10 percent on large utility-scale projects.

They will not only automatically obscure the sunlight, but also store energy for the consumer devices r

which allow plants to convert sunlight into chemical energy, "said Grau-Crespo.""The challenge now is to incorporate these wonderful natural catalysts into materials capable of doing the specific chemical job we need.

sunlight and insects can ravage the texts, while storing them at temperatures that are too high

when there isn't enough sunlight. Additionally, when conditions in the container are just right, the device will automatically power down,

when exposed to sunlight without the need for a separate solar cell. The transparent battery was developed first by the researchers,

the Japanese researchers have found a way to make these transparent batteries now recharge themselves in the presence of sunlight,

harvesting sunlight to charge the device whenever youe outside t

#Light-Powered Contact lenses In a patent granted this month, Google shows off plans to build contact lenses that are powered by

If this voltage is generated by sunlight in a solar cell, then you could store solar energy by generating hydrogen gas.

"More than 80%of the incident visible sunlight was converted photoelectrically by this composite system into electric current available for the hydrogen generation,

Since before Newton held a prism to a ray of sunlight and saw a spectrum of colour,

#Artificial leaf harnesses sunlight for efficient fuel production Generating and storing renewable energy, such as solar or wind power, is a key barrier to a clean energy economy.

a cost-effective method of producing fuels using only sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide, mimicking the natural process of photosynthesis in plants

The photoanode uses sunlight to oxidize water molecules, generating protons and electrons as well as oxygen gas.

converts 10 percent of the energy in sunlight into stored energy in the chemical fuel,

"Our work shows that it is indeed possible to produce fuels from sunlight safely and efficiently in an integrated system with inexpensive components,

HILLS AND POTHOLES Many of these types of flexible electronic devices will rely on thin films of organic materials that catch sunlight

the less efficiently they convert sunlight to electricity; The fix: A new transparent overlay allows light to hit the cells

Their invention shunts away the heat generated by a solar cell under sunlight and cools it in a way that allows it to convert more photons into electricity.

The material is transparent to the visible sunlight that powers solar cells, but captures and emits thermal radiation,

"Our thermal overlay allows sunlight to pass through, preserving or even enhancing sunlight absorption, but it also cools the cell by radiating the heat out

and improving the cell efficiency.""A cool way to improve solar efficiency In 2014, the same trio of inventors developed an ultrathin material that radiated infrared heat directly back toward space without warming the atmosphere.

but requires the preservation of the visible spectrum of sunlight for either practical or aesthetic reasons."

"Since before Newton held a prism to a ray of sunlight and saw a spectrum of colour,

Unlike conventional solar cells that directly absorb sunlight and convert it into electricity, an LSC absorbs the light on a plate embedded with highly efficient light-emitters called lumophores that then re-emit the absorbed light at longer wavelengths, a process known as the Stokes shift.

#Highest efficiency hydrogen production under natural sunlight Researchers at the University of Tokyo and Miyazaki University have produced hydrogen under natural sunlight at an energy conversion efficiency of 24.4,

and it is possible to produce hydrogen under sunlight at a high efficiency with an appropriate system design for each installation,

A Layered Manganese Oxide To Capture Sunlight for Water-Splitting Catalysis"),Assistant professor of Chemical engineering Jose L. Mendoza-Cortes details how this new material efficiently captures sunlight and then,

and you do need not a large amount to capture enough sunlight to carry out fuel generation

#Ultrasensitive sensors made from boron-doped graphene Ultrasensitive gas sensors based on the infusion of boron atoms into graphene--a tightly bound matrix of carbon atoms--may soon be possible, according to an international team of researchers

which protect the organisms from negative effects of sunlight, such as DNA damage. The research also shows that the exact manner in which the photoreceptors bind to the DNA is novel.

can be hard to read when the Marine moves between bright sunlight and the shade of a building,

In contrast, water and sunlight are available in vast abundance. Scientists at the Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research in Stuttgart and from LMU Munich have created now a material that uses light to produce the versatile energy source hydrogen from water.

What is needed is a substance that directly uses the energy of sunlight to split the hydrogen-oxygen bonds in water.

From the lab bench to practical applications Despite the early success, these materials are still far from being considered for industrial hydrogen generation using water and sunlight.

and offering new conceptual tools that can be applied more broadly in the quest to split water with sunlight.

In contrast to conventional solar photovoltaic cells that produce electricity directly from sunlight, solar thermal generation of energy is developed as a large power plant in

which acres of mirrors precisely reflect sunlight onto a solar receiver. That energy has been used to heat a fluid that in turn drives a turbine to produce electricity.

That 20 percent comes directly from sunlight, which is harvested by a flat solar panel on top of the battery.

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