We are testing the substrate with potential commercial partners now. ommercial applicationsthe polymer has application in both the production of cells for drug safety testing
or these stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes, the value lies in understanding disease, testing to make safer drugs and potential for translation into cell therapy.
We are testing the substrate with potential commercial partners now. ommercial applicationsthe polymer has application in both the production of cells for drug safety testing
or these stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes, the value lies in understanding disease, testing to make safer drugs and potential for translation into cell therapy.
and to detect drug resistance in infectious diseases. Bringing techniques and testing that is normally confined to a laboratory or hospital, out into the field,
and other bacteria antibiotic resistance that is about 14,000 base pairs long. For 5, 000 base-pair or shorter segments,
and potentially decide on a drug choice based on some of the genetic testing copy number variations of certain genes that you would find in the sample taken from the patient. he technology also removes barriers to testing that cities
and our aging population. ext up the researchers plan to test their device in the field to detect the presence of malaria-related drug resistance.
#New Chip Makes Testing for Antibiotic-resistant Bacteria Faster, Easier We live in fear of uperbugs infectious bacteria that don respond to treatment by antibiotics,
and can turn a routine hospital stay into a nightmare. A 2015 Health Canada report estimates that superbugs have already cost Canadians $1 billion,
Each year two million people in the U s. contract antibiotic-resistant infections, and at least 23,000 people die as a direct result.
But tests for antibiotic resistance can take up to three days to come back from the lab
Now Ph d. researcher Justin Besant and his team at the University of Toronto have designed a small and simple chip to test for antibiotic resistance in just one hour,
giving doctors a shot at picking the most effective antibiotic to treat potentially deadly infections.
In the meantime, the doctor prescribes her patient a broad-spectrum antibiotic. Sometimes the one-size-fits-all antibiotic works
and sometimes it doesn, and when the tests come back days later, the doctor can prescribe a specific antibiotic more likely to kill the bacteria. uessing can lead to resistance to these broad-spectrum antibiotics,
and in the case of serious infections, to much worse outcomes for the patient, says Besant. e wanted to determine
whether bacteria are susceptible to a particular antibiotic, on a timescale of hours, not days.
where theye trapped with the antibiotic and a signal molecule called resazurin. Living bacteria metabolize resazurin into a form called resorufin,
If the bacteria are killed effectively by the antibiotic, they stop metabolizing resazurin and the electrochemical signature in the sample stays the same.
If they are antibiotic-resistant they continue to metabolize resazurin into resorufin, altering its electrochemical signature.
Rapid alternatives to existing antibiotic resistance tests rely on fluorescence detection, requiring expensive and bulky fluorescence microscopes to see the result. he electronics for our electrochemical readout can easily fit in a very small benchtop instrument,
for example, says Besant. he next step would be to create a device that would allow you to test many different antibiotics at many different concentrations,
and it also provides capability for drug discovery and design, said David Agard, Ph d.,professor of biophysics and biochemistry and a Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI) investigator,
However, fewer companies have worked on vaccines and drugs for the MERS virus, according to Reuters. Small biotech companies such as Greffex,
or proteins that could be targeted by drugs, eventually leading to new medicines to fight cancer.
#Major Step for Implantable Drug Delivery Device An implantable, microchip-based device may soon replace the injections
and pills now needed to treat chronic diseases: Earlier this month, MIT spinout Microchips Biotech partnered with a pharmaceutical giant to commercialize its wirelessly controlled, implantable,
and osteoporosis. Now Microchips Biotech will begin co-developing microchips with Teva Pharmaceutical, the world largest producer of generic drugs,
ouldn this be a great way to make a drug-delivery system??Langer said. He brought this idea to Cima,
and somewhat fantastical, applications beyond drug delivery, including disease diagnostics and jewelry that could emit scents. e were trying to find the killer application.
Any intense heat during final assembly, with hermetic sealing, could destroy the drugs already loaded into the reservoirs
yet carry the same volume of drugs. his means making the drugs take up more volume than the electrical and other components,
Known as SAPH-ire (Structural Analysis of PTM Hotspots), the tool could accelerate the search for potential new drug targets on protein structures,
as well as a majority of pharmaceutical drugs. Because of their importance to therapeutics, these proteins have been studied extensively over a period of 50 years or so.
so these findings tell us there are important questions raised for human pain drug development. Including female mice The discovery comes as there is increased attention to the inclusion of female animals and cells in preclinical research.
tumor growth, metastasis, recurrence and drug resistance. In epithelial cancers cancers of the breast, ovaries, prostate, skin and bladder,
and delivery of anticancer drugs by the same nanoparticles that have attached sirna to their outsides,
and to resist being killed by an antimicrobial molecule. The researchers demonstrated that their set of genetic tools
the treatment doesn carry the risk of side effects that are associated often with drug treatments. he pioneering study,
and as a drug-screening tool to make pregnancies safer. In experiments published in the journal Nature Communications, the researchers used biochemical and biophysical cues to prompt stem cells to differentiate
a senior investigator at the Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular disease and a professor of medical genetics and cellular and molecular pharmacology at UC San francisco. his technology could help us quickly screen for drugs likely to generate cardiac birth defects,
which drugs are dangerous during pregnancy. Screening for drug toxicity To test the potential of the system as a drug-screening tool,
the researchers exposed the differentiating cells to thalidomide, a drug known to cause severe birth defects.
They found that at normal therapeutic doses the drug led to abnormal development of microchambers, including decreased size,
problems with muscle contraction and lower beat rates compared with heart tissue that had not been exposed to thalidomide. e chose drug cardiac developmental toxicity screening to demonstrate a clinically relevant application of the cardiac microchambers,
as many as 280,000 pregnant women are exposed to drugs with evidence of potential fetal risk. The most commonly reported birth defects involve the heart,
and the potential for generating cardiac defects is of utmost concern in determining drug safety during pregnancy.
and other UC Berkeley researchers publicly debuted a system of beating human heart cells on a chip that could be used to screen for drug toxicity.
it may be possible to improve the success rate of treatment by giving patients an antiviral medication as well as an antiparasite medication.
These were gathered through a project on drug resistance, funded by the European commission and led by co-author Jean-Claude Dujardin, Ph d.,of the Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium. n Peru,
in Peru and Bolivia, they receive a class of drugs called pentavalent antimonials. The modes of action of the two treatments are very different, according to Beverley. n the studies,
and antiviral medications for patients with virus-infected parasites, improving the chances of successful treatment.
and doctors together online, applying massive computing power to analyze DNA and even developing ingestible"smart"pills for detecting cancer.
"None of the apps test experimental drugs or surgeries. Instead, they're designed to explore such questions as how diseases develop
as scientists have shown that using drugs to block PD-1 coaxes T cells to attack tumors.
and a drug for multiple sclerosis to control immune response in the brain. Under the two approaches, immune cells from outside the brain were found to travel in greater numbers through the blood into the brain.
an FDA-approved drug used for the treatment of multiple sclerosis; the drug has been shown to foster the migration of white blood cells from the bloodstream to the brain.
A third group received both treatments. All three groups experienced a substantial decrease in Alzheimer's-like pathology and symptoms.
and whether drugs could be developed to stop it from happening. North West Cancer Research (NWCR) has funded the research as part of a collaborative project between the University of Warwick and the University of Liverpool,
#"Pill On A String"Could Help Spot Early Signs Of Cancer Of The Gullet, University of Cambridge Study A ill on a stringdeveloped by researchers at the University of Cambridge could help doctors detect oesophageal cancer cancer of the gullet at an early stage,
The ytospongesits within a pill which, when swallowed, dissolves to reveal a sponge that scrapes off cells when withdrawn up the gullet.
and active pre-loaded, light-sensitive drugs only in that area
#First Artificial Ribosome Designed, University of Illinois Researchers Reveal Researchers at the University of Illinois at Chicago
The engineered ribosome may enable the production of new drugs and next-generation biomaterials and lead to a better understanding of how ribosomes function.
#Re-engineered antibiotic could fight drug-resistant bacteria The US scientists have created a promising second-generation antibiotic to fight against the bacteria that commonly cause respiratory and other infections,
have developed the antibiotics by changing the chemical structure of Spectinomycin, an old and weak antibiotic
"The rising problem of drug-resistant bacteria has created an urgent need for the new antibiotics that would help in mechanization use for the treatment of adults
which are resistant to commonly used antibiotics. The second-generation Spectinomycins demonstrated an increased in antibacterial activity against several other commonly caused respiratory infections such as Haemophilus influenza and Moraxella catarrhalis.
The Spectinomycin versions were also more effective against the bacteria which are mostly responsible for the cases like Legionnaires'disease and other sexually transmitted diseases such as gonorrhea and chlamydia.
#Approval for AIDS Vaccine at Canadian University The Food and Drug Administration has given Canadian researchers approval to test a vaccine for HIV/AIDS on humans.
and researchers expect that many of these nnaturalamino acids will be medically useful. his new technique offers a very quick way to prepare drug candidates
or building blocks for peptide drugs, explains Jin-Quan Yu, chemistry professor at The Scripps Research Institute (TSRI),
Proposed applications include anticancer drugs, antibiotics that are not susceptible to bacterial resistance, and drugs that inhibit the formation of amyloid aggregates seen in Alzheimer, Parkinson and other diseases.
An unnatural amino acid can be made by taking a natural amino acid or a closely related molecule and chemically modifying it.
and the pharmaceutical giant Bristol-myers squibb. nder this agreement we are putting the new methods to work to discover novel drug candidates,
we expect that these new developments will greatly expand the scope of research on unnatural amino acids as potential drugs or drug building-blocks. g
A recent article suggests that only one out of every 12 drugs that enters clinical trials succeeds
and the cost of a drug successfully reaching the market now exceeds an average of $5 billion
The risks and challenges associated with drug development will continue to be there for the foreseeable future.
I have noticed a promising trend the rise of open source drug R&d consortia that include large biotech
minimize failures and shorten the timeline to approval for new drugs helping bring treatments to the patients who need them the most.
For instance, there is an e-pill in trial that can be swallowed by livestock that can access respiration,
heart rates and help determine the health of the animals to prevent the spread of illnesswithout the use of antibiotics.
The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved RFID chips for human implantation in 2004.
and doctors together online, applying massive computing power to analyze DNA and even developing ingestible"smart"pills for detecting cancer.
"None of the apps test experimental drugs or surgeries. Instead, they're designed to explore such questions as how diseases develop
#Latest drug technology could help reduce cost of carbon capture A novel class of materials that enable a safer cheaper
"We are working to test drugs'efficacy and safety without jeopardising a patient's health."
The team also demonstrated that the effect of drugs on the lab-grown tissue matched the effect seen in human patients.
and experiment to see which drugs would work best for each person.""The team is already working towards this goal--as well as towards growing the muscle tissue, not from a biopsy,
Meanwhile a fluidic microchannel in the implant delivers neurotransmitting drugs to reanimate the nerve cells beneath the injured tissue.
#Electronic pill that helps you slim by tricking your tummy An electronic pill that tricks the brain into thinking the stomach is full could help tackle obesity.
The experimental pill works in the same way as gastric pacemakers to suppress appetite. A gastric pacemaker is an implant that is surgically placed in the stomach and wired to the vagus nerve.
This mesh stops the pill passing out of the stomach into the bowel. A powerful magnetic patch is applied then to the skin to draw the pill into position over the site where the vagus nerve runs through the abdomen-near the top of the stomach just under the breastbone.
This magnetic patch is worn round the clock and holds the smart pill in place. When it senses muscle contractions that tell it food is entering the stomach,
the pill begins to transmit signals along the nerve to the brain to dampen down appetite.
The pill is designed to disintegrate after three to four weeks. Powerful acid in the stomach dissolves the mesh
and the shell housing the tiny electronics, which then pass harmlessly out of the body as waste.
The patient can be given more pills if they still need to lose weight. The device is expected to enter clinical trials in the next year or so.
although treatments such as maskers (ear-plugs that generate white noise to try to block out tinnitus noise), antidepressants,
'Current methods for testing ICP require procedures to be carried out under sedation or anaesthetic, which means they are limited to the most severe cases
paedophiles and drug dealers in the online underworld The deep web is a hive of illegal activity,
when the FBI made a series of raids on Silk road-an online marketplace described as the'ebay for illegal drugs'.
and patients have to take powerful immunosuppressant drugs -which weaken the immune system to prevent the rejection of a transplant-for life.
then it could be enhanced or supressed with the use of drugs. Dr Poon said: rogrammed cell death occurs throughout life in essentially all tissues in the human body as part of the normal process of development and death,
'Importantly we've also discovered drugs that affect this process so, once we know more,
But despite the drug's legal status in many parts of the world, the debate rages as to
And weaker evidence still that the drug eased nausea and vomiting in chemotherapy patients, sleep disorders,
And there was very-low quality evidence the drug eased anxiety. In addition, Dr Whiting and her team found weak evidence to support the claim that medicinal cannabis has no effect on psychosis,
Meanwhile, the drug was linked with several adverse effects. Notably, cannabinoids were found to cause dizziness, dry mouth, nausea, fatigue, euphoria, vomiting, disorientation, drowsiness, confusion, a loss of balance and hallucination.
#Scientists crack morphine gene in poppies amid homebrew drugs fears Scientists have identified a key gene used by poppies to make morphine.
The discovery paves the way for better methods of producing the medically important drug, potentially without the need for cultivating poppy fields.
The latest finding follows recent success in engineering brewer's yeast to synthesise opiates such as morphine and codeine from a common sugar, boosting the prospect of'home-brew'drug supply.
But whether making morphine in bubbling vats of yeast will be commercially viable-either for drug companies
or criminal gangs-is far from certain, since poppies are very efficient natural factories, researchers say.'
'he told Reuters. That could lead to agricultural production of drugs such as noscapine, a cough-suppressant that may also fight cancer,
as well as improved plant strains with higher yields of morphine. The University of York team worked on the project with scientists from Glaxosmithkline.
opiates have been the go-to drugs for pain relief and they remain the most potent treatments for severe pain,
Morphine and codeine are used directly as painkillers while a third compound, thebaine, is a starting-point for semisynthetic opiates,
The molecular structure of these drugs is so complex that chemists have never been able to produce them from off-the-shelf components.
The gene plays a vital role in the back-to-back steps in the plants'morphine-producing pathway by converting a compound known as (S)- reticuline into a variation called (R)- reticuline u
disease or exposure to certain drugs, including some antibiotics. But it will not help the one to three babies per 1
The new hearts will allow new drugs to be tested, and give researchers a new insight into how the heart develops.
and a drug-screening tool to make pregnancies safer.''We believe it is the first example illustrating the process of a developing human heart chamber in vitro,
'This technology could help us quickly screen for drugs likely to generate cardiac birth defects, and guide decisions about
which drugs are dangerous during pregnancy.''Published in the journal Nature Communications, the researchers used biochemical and biophysical cues to prompt stem cells to differentiate
To test the potential of the system as a drug-screening tool, the researchers exposed the differentiating cells to thalidomide,
a drug known to cause severe birth defects. They found that at normal therapeutic doses, the drug led to abnormal development of microchambers, including decreased size,
problems with muscle contraction and lower beat rates compared with heart tissue that had not been exposed to thalidomide.'
'Each year, as many as 280,000 pregnant women are exposed to drugs with evidence of potential fetal risk.
and the potential for generating cardiac defects is of utmost concern in determining drug safety during pregnancy.'
and other UC Berkeley researchers publicly debuted a system of beating human heart cells on a chip that could be used to screen for drug toxicity.
#This MIT Grad Is Changing Medicine With a Needle-Covered Pill While medical injections are unpleasant and inconvenient, theye also necessary for people with illnesses like diabetes.
Carl Schoellhammer, 28, has created a pill that would render syringes unnecessary. A graduate student at MIT, he recently won $15, 000 at the Lemelson-MIT National Collegiate Student Prize in the health-care category. hen I received the phone call telling me I won,
His prizewinning innovation is the Microneedle Pill (mpill an ingestible capsule covered in microneedles--that is,
The pill allows drugs that are injected typically to be delivered directly into the gastrointestinal tract. he GI TRACT is a dense network of blood capillaries,
Schoellhammer explains. he outer layer is a bit of a barrier so the needles are a nice way to introduce a drug into the tissue
the drug gets into your system faster than it would if administered via injection. Although an image of the pill that was used in testing might remind people of a cactus or a porcupine,
the plan is for the pill to be coated smaller and when it hits the market.
The coating will dissolve in stomach acid, freeing the needles to introduce the medicine. Once the drugs are delivered,
the capsule can pass through the body safely. In the future, though, Schoellhammer hopes he can create the needles out of crystallized sugar.
Needle-covered pills aren the only thing up Schoellhammer sleeve. He working on the Ultrasound Probe (uprobe
or agic bulletto describe new drugs he was working on to cure syphilis and cancer. In theory, such drugs would leave healthy tissue intact
while targeting only the diseased. Psychologists later appropriated this term to describe the phenomenally widespread panic that ensued
DNA microcapsules have been studied for their potential to deliver drugs directly to where theye needed most.
They would have no reason to think differently from the Food and Drug Administration (FDA),
#Device delivers drugs to brain by remote control A new wireless device the width of a human hair can be implanted in the brain
and activated by remote control to deliver drugs. The technology, demonstrated for the first time in mice, may one day be used to treat pain, depression, epilepsy,
researchers made the tiny wireless devices capable of delivering drugs directly into the brain, with the remote push of a button.
it should be possible to manufacture therapeutic drugs that could be activated with light, says co-principal investigator Michael R. Bruchas, associate professor of anesthesiology and neurobiology at Washington University in St louis. ith one of these tiny devices implanted,
we could theoretically deliver a drug to a specific brain region and activate that drug with light as needed.
This approach potentially could deliver therapies that are targeted much more but have fewer side effects. Previous attempts to deliver drugs or other agents
such as enzymes or other compounds, to experimental animals have required the animals to be tethered to pumps
But the new devices were built with four chambers to carry drugs directly into the brain.
By activating brain cells with drugs and with light, the scientists are getting an unprecedented look at the inner workings of the brain.
If we want to influence an animal behavior with light or with a particular drug, we can simply point the remote at the animal
OTHER PARTS OF THE BODY, TOO As part of the study, the researchers showed that by delivering a drug to one side of an animal brain
But the researchers were able to interfere with that light-activated pursuit by remotely controlling the release of a drug that blocks the action of dopamine on its receptors.
the devices contain only four chambers for drugs, but in the future, the researchers hope to incorporate a design much like a printer ink cartridge
so that drugs can continue to be delivered to specific cells in the brain, or elsewhere in the body, for as long as required without the need to replace the entire device.
says Dandekar. ithout drugs, the virus can come back at the same threat level for patients.
The UC Davis team may have succeeded with PEP005, the active ingredient in the FDA-approved anticancer drug PICATO
The findings raise the possibility that drugs recently tested as treatments for fragile X may be ineffective, at least in part,
and cartilage grafts without the need for anti-rejection drugs, and the donor tissue becomes part of the joint.
at the very place where the drugs could be the most effective. This could be a strong model for fighting Parkinson's
#Could cell#backpacks#deliver inflammation drugs? Scientists have created ellular backpacksthat could carry therapeutic agents to the site of inflammation
ASICALLY THE MAIN BENEFIT IS THAT YOU CAN DELIVER THE DRUG IN A MORE EFFECTIVE DOSE However,
we could deliver the drug there, says Mitragotri, who specializes in targeted drug delivery. By taking advantage of natural body processes, researchers at UC Santa barbara and MIT have developed a method of targeting inflamed tissues
creating a way to treat both the inflammation and its underlying cause. t a cell-mediated approach to targeted drug delivery,
says grad student researcher Aaron Anselmo, lead author of a study in the current issue of the Journal of Controlled Release.
Further studies will include research into how much drug can be loaded into the cellular backpacks. Ideally, Anselmo says,
the cellular backpacks loaded with drugs would be injected into the bloodstream, whereupon they would attach to these traveling monocytes
and release their drugs.""It is a good idea to get your levels checked on a yearly basis
say the researchers. asically the main benefit is that you can deliver the drug in a more effective dose,
but it could also allow for higher doses of drug to the site, which could decrease treatment time h
The drug PDUFA target date for a decision is January 24. That date was delayed three months in October,
NPSSINGLE marketed drug is Gattex (teduglutide rdna origin), an injection drug indicated for long-term treatment of adults with short bowel syndrome (SBS) who need parenteral support.
would complement Shire existing stable of drugs for gastrointestinal diseases.""The acquisition of NPS Pharma is a significant step in advancing Shire's strategy to become a leading biotechnology company, Shire CEO Flemming Ornskov, M d,
"This makes drug screening much easier, faster and less expensive than using a mouse model, for instance,
Drugs that successfully block its action have been developed, but these drugs have to be administered for long periods of time to successfully trigger cell death and shrink tumors,
leading to considerable toxicities. This outcome is partially because cells in any one tumor have chromosomes with different telomere lengths
Since more than half of patients suffering from major depression disorder (MDD) do not respond to antidepressant treatment,
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