#Photoactive dye could prevent infection during bone-repair surgery Despite extensive procedures to sterilize small and large bone fragments used in joint replacement or reconstructive surgeries,
the rate of infection remains around 5 percent and can reach 11 percent or even higher in bone repairs for gunshot wounds or reconstruction after tumor removal.
Infection after surgery is a serious complication that can require further surgery and can be life threatening.
A new study demonstrates for the first time that an antimicrobial dye activated by light avidly adheres to bone to prevent bacteria from growing on bone fragments used in reconstructive surgery
thereby sterilizing the bone for surgery. The study was published online April 17 ahead of print in the journal of Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research."
"says Noreen Hickok, Ph d.,Associate professor of Orthopedic Surgery at Thomas Jefferson University.""These properties allow sterilization during surgical procedures,
"Surgeons often use bone chips or bone powder as a sort of putty during bone reconstruction to help areas of bone re-grow.
the TAPP dye could be added to the currently used protocols for sterilizing the bone prior to use in surgery."
and the other would be the continuation of the activation in the bright lights of the surgical suite
so that the sterilizing effects of the ROS release could continue well into surgery and implantation,"says Dr. Hickok."
"We need to continue testing in conditions that more closely resemble the surgical suite, but we think that this method could offer a more effective method to help improve patient outcomes by reducing infection rates
#Smarter, cheaper technologies offer improved point-of-care medicine A team from Stanford university School of medicine (Bio-Acoustic MEMS in Medicine Labs) developed assays for the simple and rapid detection
of the Demirici Bio-Acoustic-MEMS in Medicine Laboratory at Stanford School of medicine,"is to simplify the techniques that both capture the biotarget
and Tropical Medicine, could lead to a treatment to reduce the spread of malaria within a population.
This means they are not eligible for surgery to remove the tumour--currently the only potentially curative treatment.
if they undergo sight restoration surgery, an invasive and costly procedure.""This is a really difficult decision to make,
"These devices involve long surgeries, and they don't restore anything close to normal vision. The more information patients have, the better."
not only for a range of neuropsychiatric disorders such as ADHD, eating disorders and anxiety disorders, but also for more common problems involving maladaptive daily decisions about drug or alcohol use, gambling or credit card binges.
This work is published on 4 august 2015 in Molecular Psychiatry. Understanding the mechanisms that underlie autism spectrum disorders (ASD),
Obtained in collaboration with Juanma Vaquerizas from the Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine (Münster, Germany),
#Super-small needle technology for the brain However, one challenge is reducing the tissue/neuron damage associated with needle penetration, particularly for chronic insert experiment and future medical applications.
I think this technology definitely has the potential to be transformative in medicine
#Mechanism of epidemic bacterial disease identified Through identification of increased toxin production by epidemic forms of group A streptococcus (the"flesh-eating"bacterium),
According to James M. Musser, M d.,Ph d.,principal investigator of the study and chair of the Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine at the Houston Methodist Research Institute, the collaborative research showed, at the precise nucleotide level,
"These findings now give us the opportunity to begin to develop new translational medicine tools
Arraytheir medical diagnostics device is designed to harness centrifugal force--akin to the circular swing of A chair-o-Plane"carnival ride
so the team's device shows great potential for improving the future of medical diagnostics.
which we see in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's, and even in aging processes,"explains Prof.
and Joseph Wu, MD, Phd, professor of cardiovascular medicine and of radiology, teamed up with a group of genome-sequencing specialists to develop the new technique:
such as surgical interventions. But what if a 30-year-old woman comes in with chest pain and her doctors can't find any obvious reason why she should be having heart problems at such a young age?"
"The development of the new test is an example of Stanford Medicine's focus on precision health,
Northwestern Medicine scientists have discovered for the first time the mechanism by which state-dependent learning renders stressful fear-related memories consciously inaccessible."
"This could eventually lead to new treatments for patients with psychiatric disorders for whom conscious access to their traumatic memories is needed
but hopefully it will lead to medical applications. This gives us new opportunities to look at cell structures,
and shared the 2013 Nobel prize in Physiology or Medicine. Thomas C. Südhof, a professor at the Stanford School of medicine and Howard Hughes Medical Institute investigator who shared that 2013 Nobel prize with Rothman,
"said Katerina Akassoglou, Ph d.,a senior investigator at the Gladstone Institute for Neurological disease, a professor of neurology at the University of California, San francisco,
"said the trial's co-primary investigator, Sheri D. Weiser, MD, MPH, UCSF associate professor of medicine at the UCSF Division of HIV, Infectious diseases and Global Medicine at San francisco General
"We have the biomedical tools to treat and prevent HIV, but we need interventions like this that combine healthcare with development,
"said the trial's co-primary investigator, Craig R. Cohen, MD, MPH, UCSF professor in the Bixby Center for Global Reproductive health in the department of obstetrics, gynecology and reproductive sciences.
because immunotherapy could be generating both short-term gain and long-term loss,"noted lead author William Murphy, professor and acting chair in the UC Davis Department of Dermatology."
but if we could safely induce paralysis just prior to surgery, it's possible that patients could develop tolerance,
#New aortic heart valve does not require open surgery A new aortic heart valve does not require open heart surgery.
The system is much less invasive than open surgery. The device is called the Corevalve Evolut R System.
The system is much less invasive than open surgery. The newly designed system enables the physician to recapture
and design of the device, is a clinical associate professor in the Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery.
Dr. Lewis is an interventional cardiologist and a professor in the Department of Medicine. Dr. Tuchek said the unique design of the Corevalve Evolut R System llows for superior control during deployment of the Corevalve,
Loyola director of Interventional Cardiology. here no question that this is a superior product, Dr. Leya said. he technology is a game changer for patients with aortic stenosis.
Dr. Leya is a professor in the Division of Cardiology of Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of medicine.
which was published in the New england Journal of Medicine. The study found that patients who received the device had significantly lower mortality than heart valve patients who underwent open-heart surgery.
Loyola dedicated implanting team includes two cardiovascular surgeons (Drs. Tuchek and Mamdouh Bakhos, MD) and two interventional cardiologists (Drs.
Leya and Lewis). The team is participating in ongoing Corevalve trials and leads the state in implanting the device.
The improved device now is approved FDA for patients judged to be at high or extremely high risk for conventional open-heart aortic valve surgery (with an estimated 30-day mortality rate of at least 15 percent.
The trial is called SURTAVI (SURGICAL vs. Transcatheter Aortic valve Implantation. SURTAVI is being conducted in 76 sites in eight countries for patients who do not qualify for the transcatheter valves commercially.
Dr. Bakhos is chair of the Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery. For more information,
and Dr Kaddour Bouazza-Marouf, Reader in Mechatronics in Medicine, said the device learns from its user,
have widespread implications for a broad range of industrial, scientific and medical applications in which enzymes are used."
who also serves as a Scientific Director for the Chicago Biomedical Consortium.""In this paper, we demonstrated their efficacy on sugars,
and the UCSF Program in Breakthrough Biomedical Research h
#Alzheimer disease: Overlooked for 30 years, there is a new kid on the block Alzheimer's disease is associated with the appearance of characteristic neurotoxic protein aggregates in various regions in the brain.
and Speaker for the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases in Munich) and Dr. Michael Willem (LMU) has made now a discovery
transmit neurodegeneration Multiple System Atrophy (MSA), a neurodegenerative disorder with similarities to Parkinson's disease, is caused by a newly discovered type of prion,
akin to the misfolded proteins involved in incurable progressive brain diseases such Creutzfeldt-jakob disease (CJD), according to two new research papers led by scientists at UC San francisco. The findings suggest new approaches to developing treatments for MSA,
since work at the National institutes of health in the 1960s showed that human brain tissue infected with CJD could transmit neurodegeneration to chimpanzees.
Prusiner, a professor of neurology and director of the Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases (IND) at UCSF
was awarded the Nobel prize in Physiology or Medicine for this work in 1997. Prion researchers have suggested
since that similar misfolded proteins may contribute to more common forms of neurodegeneration, such as Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease."
"said UCSF's Kurt Giles, DPHIL, associate professor of neurology, IND researcher and senior author on the second of the two new studies."
First described in 1960, MSA is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that is rare but more common than CJD:
As in Parkinson's disease, neurodegeneration in MSA is accompanied by a buildup of clumps of alpha-synuclein protein within brain cells.
When exposed to human MSA tissue, the mice developed neurodegeneration. In addition, the team found that the brains of infected mice contained abnormally high levels of insoluble human alpha-synuclein,
and research that involve contact with brain tissue from neurodegeneration patients, because standard disinfection techniques that kill microbes do not eliminate the Prp prions that cause CJD.
and researchers should adopt much more stringent safety protocols when dealing with tissue from patients with MSA and other neurodegenerative diseases, many
People are living longer and likely getting more brain surgeries. There could be undiagnosed neurodegenerative diseases that
--if they're caused by prions--mean infection could be a real worry.""Unlike the danger of BSE from contaminated beef, the researchers stress that there is no apparent risk of infection by MSA prions outside of specialized medical or research settings.
"The challenge of studying neurodegeneration is that it's a disease of aging, "Woerman said."
They presented their findings Aug 26 at the 37th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society in Milan, Italy.
In addition to the robotic device, the man was aided by a novel noninvasive spinal stimulation technique that does not require surgery.
That earlier achievement is believed to be the first time people who are paralyzed completely have been able to relearn voluntary leg movements without surgery.
The research will be published by the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, the world's largest society of biomedical engineers."
and quality of life,"said V. Reggie Edgerton, senior author of the research and a UCLA distinguished professor of integrative biology and physiology, neurobiology and neurosurgery.
"Neurorecovery Technologies, a medical technology company Edgerton founded, designs and develops devices that help restore movement in patients with paralysis. The company provided the device used to stimulate the spinal cord in combination with the Ekso in this research.
says a Texas A&m University biomedical engineer who has created the tool. The add-on device, which is similar in look
The findings appear in the journal Molecular Psychiatry. Lead author Matthew Lalli who earned his Ph d. working in UCSB's Kosik Research Group,
and a shorter duration of symptoms compared with children who did not receive halothane during surgeries.
and explore applications from large-scale construction to microscopic structures for biomedical devices or robotics.""All of these ideas apply from the nanoscale
Targeting pathogens and parasites with medicines like antibiotics, or dealing with the conditions that allow transmission.
or other characteristics,"said the study's senior author Jen Jen Yeh, MD, a UNC Lineberger member and an associate professor and the vice chair for research in the UNC School of medicine Department of Surgery."
Forty-four percent of patients with the basal-like subtype lived one year after surgery,
which is given therapy prior to surgery, as opposed to just trying to remove the tumor with surgery at the outset,
"said Yeh, who, in addition to her role in the Department of Surgery, also has an appointment in the UNC School of medicine Pharmacology Department."
"In addition, the basal-like subtype is very similar to basal breast and bladder cancers, which respond to therapies differently than other tumor subtypes,
which led them to run preclinical trials in which they tested therapeutic agents known to target that messenger
Phosphonates are an abundant and diverse class of natural signaling molecules that have already proved useful to medicine and agriculture
or inspiration for, nearly two-thirds of all human medicines, yet research in this area has dwindled in recent years due to, among other reasons, high costs and increasing rates of rediscovery,
and developed into medicines that target a protein in the human body that is responsible for chemotherapy resistance in cancers,
and developed into medicines that target a protein in the human body that is responsible for chemotherapy resistance in cancers,
The discovery, published in Medicinal Chemistry Communications, shows that the potential new antibiotics are unlike contemporary antibiotics
and cause pneumonia and infections in the bloodstream and in surgical wounds, according to the CDC.
"Before you go into the hospital for surgery, many hospitals will do a nasal swab, and if you have staph,
they will treat you before surgery because it could be transferred into your body and cause serious infection,
"EVLP opens up new possibilities in one of the most problematic areas of surgery.""Patricia Moore, 63, from Oswestry was diagnosed with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis in 2011 and received a transplant in 2014.
#Microbiologists describe new insights into human neurodegenerative disease Microbiology researchers at the University of Georgia studying a soil bacterium have identified a potential mechanism for neurodegenerative diseases.
"This research suggests that HSD10 prevents neurodegeneration by destroying cardiolipin peroxides and provides a fresh perspective on the etiology of Alzheimer's disease that could inform novel drug strategies,
"Shimkets said d
#Filling a void in stem cell therapy Stem cell therapies are limited often by low survival of transplanted stem cells
#Loss of cellular energy leads to neuronal dysfunction in neurodegenerative disease model A new study from the Gladstone Institutes shows for the first time that impairments in mitochondria--the brain's cellular power plants--can deplete cellular energy levels
and cause neuronal dysfunction in a model of neurodegenerative disease. A link between mitochondria, energy failure,
and neurodegeneration has long been hypothesized. However, no previous studies were able to comprehensively investigate the connection because sufficiently sensitive tests,
a genetically inherited neurodegenerative disorder that affects mitochondria, the researchers tested energy levels in neurons using the new assays.
so that we can identify the best therapeutic targets for neurodegenerative disorders
#Whole genome-sequencing uncovers new genetic cause for osteoporosis Using extensive genetic data compiled by the UK10K project,
an Associate professor of Medicine at Mcgill University, says by way of explaining the importance of the discovery."
''says lead author Dr. Simon Wing, MUHC endocrinologist and professor of Medicine at Mcgill University."
They observed whether such mice were resistant to muscle wasting induced by a high level of cortisol--a stress hormone released in your body any time you have a stressful situation such as an illness or a surgery.
"In cancer, cachexia also increases your risk of developing toxicity from chemotherapy and other oncological treatments, such as surgery and radiotherapy.
but also allow them to better tolerate their oncological treatments, to stay at home for a longer period of time,
including brain tissue from surgical steel. Cleaning instruments between patients is critical to avoid transmission of agents leading to conditions such as Creutzfeldt-jakob disease.
It's really another step in the direction of personalized medicine, since individuals carrying mutations of one of a variety of genes account for the largest group of infertile couples."
"says James Collins, the Termeer Professor of Medical Engineering and Science in MIT's Department of Biological engineering and Institute of Medical Engineering and Science (IMES)."
That means the materials aren't durable enough for consumer electronics or biomedical devices.""Metallic materials often exhibit high cycle fatigue,
It will require much more effort to accomplish the second goal--packing tiny quantities of medicines into the smart particles,
"Targeted drug delivery is one of the ultimate goals of medicine because it seeks to focus remedies on diseased cells,
to carry a significant medical payload. But in practice this had proven so difficult that when Swartz floated the idea to funding agencies they said no.
on the other hand, they wanted the capsid to deliver medicines to a sick cell, they would hang address tags on the spikes.
After that he will add the next function--further engineering the DNA code to make sure that the protein can self-assemble around a small medicinal payload."
biotechnology and medical treatments.""The very simple design rules that we have discovered provide a powerful engineering tool for many biomedical
and biotechnology applications,"said Ashutosh Chilkoti, chair of the Department of Biomedical engineering at Duke.""We can now,
an associate professor in the UF College of Medicine's department of anatomy and cell biology. Finding new treatments is critical
which medical experts and researches have attributed to better diagnostic imaging, an aging population and heightened awareness of the disease stemming from the 2011 death of Apple Inc. cofounder Steve jobs. Zajac-Kaye's group discovered that a single protein is behind the process that allows pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors to thrive.
this novel device is very suitable for applications such as soft robotics, wearable consumer electronics, smart medical prosthetic devices,
which are utilised already increasingly for monitoring critical parameters in biomedical applications, especially for those that may come in contact with human skin
With the rapid advancement of healthcare and biomedical technologies as well as consumer electronics, we are optimistic about new possibilities to commercialise our invention,
It may be used to cover titanium implants (orthopaedic prostheses, pacemakers...prevent or control postoperative infections. Other frequently used medical devices that cause numerous infectious problems, such as catheters, may also benefit.
Antibiotics are used currently during surgery or to coat certain implants. However, the emergence of multi-resistant bacteria now restricts their effectiveness.
"said Dr. Liu, the Louise W. Kahn Scholar in Biomedical Research.""By influencing the speed with
and of medicine at UCSF and a co-corresponding author on the new study.""But practically speaking,
--which a consortium of researchers at UCSF are applying to diverse biological and clinical questions--could have a major impact on the emerging field of precision medicine."
but efforts to harness them for medical use have been hampered because isolating useful phages from soil
and the inaugural director of the Joint Center for Cancer Precision Medicine at the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital,
The findings are published simultaneously with the ECC2015 presentation in the New england Journal of Medicine. 2 Prof Choueiri
who is Associate professor of Medicine at Harvard Medical school and Clinical Director and Kidney Cancer Center Director at The Lank Center for Genitourinary Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute,
and an early stage clinical trial combining cabozantinib with immune checkpoint inhibitors has been initiated in urological cancers,
The device is particularly beneficial to patients who are of high surgical risk or are unsuitable for existing clinical interventions.
and Dr Jimmy Hon from the Department of Surgery at the NUS Yong Loo Lin School of medicine, this novel invention addresses a clinical gap in the current treatment of mitral valve regurgitation.
This research project is supported by the Medical Engineering Research & Commercialization Initiative (MERCI) under the Department of Surgery of the NUS Yong Loo Lin School of medicine.
therefore be a viable option for patients who are not suitable for surgeries or the standard treatment.
This transcatheter valve offers palliative treatment for the patients who were denied surgery, especially those with multiple co-morbidities."
"Dr Hon is also a Senior Consultant at the Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, National University Heart Centre, Singapore.
They hope to work with medical technology companies to commercialise their invention to benefit patients soon n
and development of new medicines by greatly accelerating the computer-aided design of pharmaceutical compounds (and minimizing lengthy trial and error testing);
Medical researchers have developed now a highly effective in vitro technique for producing light sensitive retina cells from human embryonic stem cells.
The authors see numerous applications for terahertz accelerators, in materials science, medicine and particle physics, as well as in building X-ray lasers.
as well as medical applications using X-rays and electron radiation.""The rapid advances we are seeing in terahertz generation with optical methods will enable the future development of terahertz accelerators for these applications,
Preclinical studies using mouse models of bladder cancer have demonstrated the efficacy of the mycobacterium M. brumae in the treatment of this disease.
The study, published in the journal European Urology Focus, was conducted in collaboration with Dr Rosa M. Rabanal of the Murine and Comparative Pathology Unit, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, UAB,
The Role of Metabolic syndrome The new diagnostic test has been developed by a team that included Mark Deboer, MD, of the University of Virginia Children's Hospital's Department of Pediatrics,
whether an individual cancer patient will benefit from a specific type of medicine. This is a very effective method,
something that greatly complicates the work of neurosurgeons. On the other hand, the brain is the seat of natural vibrations created by the blood pulsating in the arteries and the circulating cerebrospinal fluid.
such as for analysing the development of neurodegenerative processes, the impact of a lesion from a trauma or tumour, response to treatment, etc e
Penn Medicine has the one of the largest referral clinics for treatment of SS patients in the country.
drugs that are approved currently for treatment of other hematologic cancers such as polycythemia vera and myelofibrosis."
These results highlight the genetic vulnerabilities that we can use in designing precision medicine therapies."
"The Penn team, in collaboration with Alain Rook, MD, director of the Cutaneous T-cell Lymphoma Program and a professor of Dermatology, aims to develop a molecular taxonomy for mutations in SS patients.
The next stage of the team's work involves working with medical researchers to test the new technology on animals.
Nanotechnology, Biology and Medicine. While current HIV treatments involve pills that are taken daily, the new regimens'long-lasting effects suggest that HIV treatment could be administered perhaps once or twice per year.
The findings, published in JAMA Neurology, identify structural damage between the thalamus and primary motor cortex as the obstacle between covert awareness and intentional movement.
Her research involves translating molecular imaging research to point-of-care diagnostics--describes the fluorescence microscope system this week in a paper published in Biomedical Optics Express, from The Optical Society.
which could provide a treatment target for'switching off'the gene in people with neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's disease.
and is characterized by progressive loss of motor function, psychiatric symptoms and cognitive impairment. Current treatments for Parkinson's only treat symptoms of the disease rather than its underlying causes,
Dr Joseph Bateman from the Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience (Ioppn) at King's college London, said:'
Their findings, published in Neurosurgery, lend hope to patients around the world with neurological conditions that are difficult to treat due to a barrier mechanism that prevents approximately 98 percent of drugs from reaching the brain and central nervous system."
"We are developing a platform that may eventually be used to deliver a variety of drugs to the brain,
"Although we are currently looking at neurodegenerative disease, there is potential for the technology to be expanded to psychiatric diseases, chronic pain,
seizure disorders and many other conditions affecting the brain and nervous system down the road.""Using nasal mucosal grafting,
because the therapy has been shown to delay and even reverse disease progression of Parkinson's disease in preclinical models.
"Nasal mucosal grafting is a technique regularly used in the ENT field to reconstruct the barrier around the brain after surgery to the skull base.
ENT surgeons commonly use endoscopic approaches to remove brain tumors through the nose by making a window through the blood-brain barrier to access the brain.
surgeons may create a"screen door"to allow for drug delivery to the brain and central nervous system. The technique has the potential to benefit a large population of patients with neurodegenerative disorders,
where there remains a specific unmet need for blood-brain penetrating therapeutic delivery strategies.""We see this expanding beyond Parkinson's disease,
The researchers report their results in the journal Biomedical Optics Express, from The Optical Society (OSA."
and a former NFL athlete crippled by end-stage heart failure were treated all successfully with a surgical approach pioneered by cardiac experts at University of California, San diego School of medicine.
The work, recently published in The Annals of Thoracic Surgery, demonstrated significant benefits of implanting a left ventricular assist device (LVAD) in the right atrium to provide better blood flow through the lungs,
MBCHB, lead author of the report and surgical director of cardiac transplant and mechanical circulatory support at UC San diego Health."
"While the initial preclinical findings are cautioned promising, "Kesari, "it will be several years before a potential glioblastoma therapy can be tested in humans.
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