medicine

Medicine

Anesthesiology (13)
Biomedicine (330)
Cardiology (42)
Dental care (21)
Dermatology (41)
Endocrinology (12)
Epidemiology (35)
Etiology (5)
Gynecology (14)
Hematology (17)
Medicine (1827)
Neurology (328)
Obstetrics (9)
Oncology (115)
Ophthalmology (52)
Orthopedics (51)
Pediatrics (142)
Preclinical (83)
Psychiatry (135)
Radiology (48)
Surgery (1295)
Toxicology (26)
Urology (27)

What about having an operation conducted by a surgeon taking stimulant pills? Unappealing at first glance; however would your opinion change

and the surgeon better able to keep a steady hand? Drugs that help people with brain and neuropsychiatric conditions improve concentration, planning and memory,

or reduce impulsive and risk-taking behaviours, are increasingly finding their way into the hands of healthy people who want to study harder,

and maybe we'd have more inventions, faster medical discoveries, safer transport and bigger economies.

says Mitul Mehta, a senior lecturer at Institute of Psychiatry, King's college London. Brain scans he carried out found those with the lowest working memory capacity to begin with improved the most when taking Ritalin.

or steadying the hands of surgeons. What about indirect coercion, feeling the need to take smart drugs

and doing so without medical supervision, says Sahakian. So it would be sensible for people to have access to safe, effective cognitive enhancers,

Regulatory authorities such as the US Food and Drug Administration and the European Medicines Agency are set up to evaluate the effects of treatments on disease and disorders, not healthy people.

medical clinics#and sound the alarm to stop violence from reaching certain levels of severity.#

X-rays transformed medicine by allowing doctors to see inside living bodies. Powell and others hope that by using X-rays to probe the inner workings of engines in fine detail,

such as poor access to clean water, the high costs of joint replacement surgery and slow responses to natural disasters.

one winner, Mirand, was founded by Dr Rene Catan, a 55-year old orthopaedic surgeon. For over 20 years Catan had been dreaming of a way to make knee and joint replacements more affordable for Filipinos.

Catan says he has produced a prototype joint that should cut the cost of such surgery in half#from nearly $10, 000 to around $5, 000 or less.

He is due to conduct the first seven surgeries with his new technology this month. Henry Motte-Munoz, a former analyst at Goldman sachs and cofounder at Bantay. ph, a Philippine NGO that seeks to reduce corruption in the country through education

such as poor access to clean water, the high costs of joint replacement surgery and slow responses to natural disasters.

Catan says he has produced a prototype joint that should cut the cost of such surgery in half#from nearly $10, 000 to around $5, 000 or less.

With common pathogens such as E coli and the pneumonia bug K. pneumoniae developing resistance to our antibiotics of last resort, leading pharmacologists, clinicians and epidemiologists say we risk being cast back to a time

when even routine surgery put Victorians at risk of fatal infection. It's no mystery

The growth of novel personal medical sensing technologies, many of which use Bluetooth, could soon change this.

the Scanadu Scout is described perhaps best as something approaching a real version of the medical tricorder wielded by Star trek doctor Leonard"Bones#Mccoy.

The raw medical data, which is sent wirelessly via Bluetooth to an Android app, can be forwarded automatically to doctors.

Changamka pre-contracts prices with medical providers, and takes a 10%cut for services charged.

In future doctors and other medical professionals could gain access to patients'digital medical histories thanks to M-Kadi

The discovery, in 1991, of around 1, 000 genes involved in generating scent receptors was rewarded with the Nobel prize in Medicine over a decade later.

Patients who regularly get serious sinus infections often opt for surgery. However Cohen, who, along with Ben-Shahar, presented some of his findings at April's Association for Chemoreception Sciences meeting in Huntington beach,

The team results were reported January 28th in JAMA Psychiatry. Although some scientists have suspected that neuroinflammation can play a causal role in MDD,

Also, would this suggest that perhaps taking an anti inflammatory medicine can alleviate depression???I'm a counselor in training

The ability to do so lies at the heart of the attention problem in schizophrenia and other psychiatric disorders.

ovidien has established an market position in surgical and wound care specialties, which are promising segments.

Nature Communications published the findings, emerging from a collaboration with Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research and Emory University.

"We've shown that C-H functionalization has reached the stage where it can readily be applied to derivatization of nitrogen-containing compounds, ubiquitous in the discovery and development of new medicines."

"Alkaloids are a family of natural products produced by plants that have biological properties important to medicine.

With support from the Armenian Relief Society, Goenjian and his colleagues helped establish a pair of psychiatric clinics that treated earthquake survivors for 21 years.

where Goenjian and his colleagues combed the DNA of 200 individuals for genetic clues to psychiatric vulnerability.

In the current study, Goenjian and first author Julia Bailey, an adjunct assistant professor of epidemiology at the UCLA Fielding School of Public health, focused on two genes called COMT and TPH-2

Too much or too little dopamine can influence various neurological and psychological disorders. TPH-2 controls the production of serotonin

"The team used the most recent PTSD criteria from the American Psychiatric Association's diagnostic manual to measure genes'role in predisposing someone to the disorder.

"These same technologies can now be used to study the brains of people who died from unexplained neuropsychiatric diseases to determine

Co-first author Alice Eunjung Lee, Phd, from the lab of Peter Park, Phd, at the Center for Biomedical Informatics at Harvard Medical school, developed the study's retrotransposon analysis tool,

and multifactorial than previously appreciated explained senior author Caroline Attardo Genco Phd professor of medicine and microbiology at BUSM.

The researchers reported similar results in a study of breast cancer at the 2013 annual meeting of the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) in Chicago.

and HIV viruses Dental and medical researchers from Case Western Reserve University found another reason to treat periodontal disease as soon as possible.

and our efforts will provide protection through medical countermeasures against the harmful effects of ionizing radiation

It is a major topic of biomedical research and has been shown to be a central regulator of cell proliferation, growth, and death.

said senior author John Sedivy, the Hermon C. Bumpus Professor of Biology and professor of medical science at Brown."

Long-term monitoring of electrophysiological signals can be used to track patient health or assist in medical research,

Columbia University School of engineering and Applied science-Opening new doors for biomedical and neuroscience research, Elizabeth Hillman, associate professor of biomedical engineering at Columbia Engineering and of radiology at Columbia University Medical center

"The ability to perform real-time 3d imaging at cellular resolution in behaving organisms is a new frontier for biomedical

The emergence of fluorescent proteins and transgenic techniques over the past 20 years has transformed biomedical research,

and Kimara Targoff (assistant professor of pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics), all of whom are starting to use the SCAPE system in their research."

Dr Séverine Tasker Reader in Feline Medicine in Companion Animal Studies who led the study said:

Hidde Ploegh, an MIT professor of biology and member of the Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, is also a senior author of the paper.

a professor of molecular and medical pharmacology, used a device he invented to capture circulating tumor cells from blood samples.

and expertise in discovering new medicines. ur understanding of human genetics is rapidly expanding, and there is growing recognition that the elucidation of the genetic causes of disease will have a transformative effect on both patient care

founding director of Columbia University Institute for Genomic Medicine. his collaboration marries the exceptional drug development expertise of Biogen with cutting-edge genomics expertise at Columbia University Medical center.

and development of new medicines, said Tim Harris, Phd, DSC, Senior vice president, Technology and Translational Sciences,

fits in perfectly with Columbia commitment to precision medicine, said Lee Goldman, MD, MPH, Harold and Margaret Hatch Professor of the University and dean of the faculties of health sciences and medicine. he development of new treatments based on this genetic understanding will have profound effects on clinical practice.

The new facility will have broad genetic research capabilities and the capacity to launch and complete whole-genome sequencing projects rapidly.

precision medicine initiative, said, he strong clinical and basic science programs in neurodegenerative diseases at Columbia will significantly benefit from the Columbia/Biogen alliance.

We expect that the alliance will dramatically advance our understanding of the genetics of these devastating diseases and ultimately lead to mechanism-based treatments, a key aspect of Columbia precision-medicine initiative. c

#Radiation Hormone Therapy Prolong Survival for Older Men With Prostate Cancer Adding radiation treatment to hormone therapy saves more lives among older men with locally advanced prostate therapy than hormone

therapy alone according to a new study in the Journal of Clinical Oncology from Penn Medicine researchers.

#Radiation plus hormone therapy is such a treatment for men with aggressive prostate cancerssaid lead author Justin E. Bekelman MD an assistant professor of Radiation Oncology Medical Ethics and Health policy at Penn

thus confirming that treatments work in real-world care is a crucial aspect of translating medical evidence to clinical practice.

The Penn-led study examined radiation treatment and hormone therapy in the Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) Medicare database.

#Technology Detects Lingering Cancer cells During Breast Surgery Many patients undergoing lumpectomy surgery at NYU Langone Medical center for the removal of an early detected breast tumor the surgical option of choice for this diagnosis

--are benefitting from new intra-operative technology that detects microscopic amounts of cancer cells on removed tumor tissue not visible during or following surgical intervention.

The Division of Breast Surgery at NYU Langone was the first in New york city to utilize Marginprobe for early stage breast cancer.

the surgeon excises additional tissue from the surgical site to ensure that no additional cancer cells remain. he greatest benefit of Marginprobe is that we can perform this additional tissue removal during a patient initial surgery,

and frustration of additional follow-up surgery, said Freya Schnabel, MD, Director of Breast Surgery at NYU Langone.

Marginprobe was the subject of a major multi-institutional retrospective study led by Dr. Schnabel and published in the March 2014 edition in Annals of Surgical Oncology.

This, in turn, improves the rate of a completely successful lumpectomy with no additional follow-up surgery required.

Most patients will undergo some form of post-surgical treatment, either chemotherapy or radiation therapy, or a combination of the two.

Marginprobe greatest benefit is that it provides added assurance to both the surgeon and the patient that all cancer cells are removed during the initial surgery. t is critically important to spare patients the additional burden of re-excision procedures

and the time that is lost from work and family. Marginprobe helps us achieve that. i

Those who do attend university favor professions such as medicine, pharmacy, nursing and teaching, and they have been less present in business schools.

and other existing microscopy and sensing techniques to field-portable, cost-effective and high-throughput instruments can make possible myriad new applications for point-of-care medicine

you need to have surgery to replace it. Power is always a challenge. The innovation is a flexible piezoelectric layer sandwiched between biocompatible plastic.

The results have enabled successful preclinical and pre-symptomatic diagnosis meaning researchers can identify family members at risk before they develop the disease.

enabling a more cost-effective use of medical resources. ver the course of three years, says Arbustini,

says Professor Sabine Bahn of the University of Cambridge Centre for Neuropsychiatric Research, a partner in the project.

a new generation of surgical implants A new manufacturing process for surgical implants will reduce the recovery time associated with traditional implants.

Dental and medical implants can be essential to recovering the normal functioning damaged teeth and bones.

which can cause post-surgery complications. In addition, patients often have long waiting times for implants

Efficiency by design The new technology reduces waiting times and post-surgery complications, saving on care costs and helping patients resume their normal lives more quickly.

The faster surgery and shorter hospitalisation times also reduce the impact on patientslives. Manufacturing costs are reduced, too.

Dr Hurtos says. ou just need internet access to an online platform where algorithms anonymise the medical images for confidentiality,

#The artificial hand that'feels'like a real one As far as medical research has come towards treating illness and injury,

Picture of robot and human arm Mopic-Fotolia The Smarthand project succeeded in developing a system that essentially tricks the brain into thinking that a real hand is attached to a person arm. hat for decades has been one of medicine greatest challenges

The team needs to secure enough backing to complete preclinical studies and launch the first phase of clinical trials.

and because our brains control virtually all bodily functions it is often a challenge for neurologists to offer a clear diagnosis, treatment and rehabilitation.

Olli Tenovuo, Neurologist, Turku University Hospital explains the content: ll (the patient) clinical background. What kind of diseases has had the patient before?

or what does the blood biomarkers (blood samples) tell us The database allows neurologists to compare their patientscases with similar ones.

The project biomedical engineers combined algorithms and statistical models to enable analysts to accurately predict the outcome of planned treatments for individual patients. here is quite often missing data.

Customised biomedical parts are another MUPROD application. For example, the end-of-line production defect rate for the tiny catheters (flexible tubes) used for treating patients with cardiovascular disease is as high as 80%.

which has played a significant part in making this global effort a tremendous success. The main findings of the project COGS('Collaborative Oncological Gene-Environment Study')have been published in a special issue on genetic risk factors

medical resources. Current strategies for ultra-sensitive detection often require sophisticated instruments that may not be available in laboratories with fewer resources

This is now being evaluated commercially. nzymatically produced designer polysaccharides with defined properties will open up the all but-untapped potential of complex polysaccharides not only for applications in the food and medical sciences

and stop epileptic attacks without drugs and without major brain surgery. To the 50 million people worldwide who suffer from epileptic seizures a chronic neurobiological disorder this simple plan could transform their lives.

"I think being trained a medical doctor helped me work out what was needed really in terms of the electronics,

there is no need to open up the bone during surgery.""This can dramatically reduce complications (infections, intracerebral bleeding, etc.

"And shorter, less-complex surgeries usually lead to faster postoperative recovery in general, "he adds. Patents have been filed for the TSPUMMNRPS device,

"Since the device is in a preclinical experimental stage, there is no industrial demand for it,

Dr Berényi will combine his medical experience and skills gained in the US with his knowledge of electronics

Orthodontics can help improve the appearance and position of people's teeth and jawbones, for better functioning teeth and more attractive smiles.

In recent years, dental correction orthodontics have used braces made from clear plastic polymer to good effect,

Orthodontic treatment is carried out using braces, which generally fall into two broad categories: removable braces (or retainers),

'According to the researchers, these new materials, nano-reinforced plastics, can have applications in fields other than orthodontics.

In particular, polysulfone is of interest in the biohealth field in the development of medical/surgical equipment:

#Expanding insight into Alzheimer's disease Chronic neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's and Huntington's, are all characterised by an inflammatory reaction within the brain.

however a European research fellow has identified a molecular system that contributes to the mechanisms regulating the progression of neurodegeneration.

The fellow, Diego Gómez-Nicola, from the CNS Inflammation group at the University of Southampton in the United kingdom, examined how a specific cell protein receptor called CSF1R controls the spread and inflammation in neurodegenerative diseases.

and how they increased in number during different neurodegenerative conditions. y targeting the CSF1R receptor with a selective inhibitor,

and memory. e showed that a self-repair mechanism is in place during widespread neurodegeneration, leading to new avenues for treatment, affirms Gómez-Nicola.

and also Professor of Experimental Neuropathology at the University of Southampton, says the research looked at an aspect that all neurodegenerative diseases have in common:

the activation of immune cells and their increase in number. The researchers know that infections elsewhere in the body communicate with the brain,

#SFERA#New technology combats fake medicines and saves lives Fotolia 2012while human lives and health are the mostimportant concern counterfeiting is a problemthat plagues other industries too.

many medicines andalmost all perfumes come in glass containerswhich are hard to protect against thecounterfeiters. Ink-based markings are easilyerased.

On high-speed productionlines the right bottles need to be filled with the right medicines. Obliviously mistakes can be catastrophic.

the Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory agency (MHRA), went further than that. It confirmed, for the first time, that molecules known as monoclonal antibodies the key component of the drug,

the decision opened the way for trials of other plant-derived medicines to treat a range of diseases.

to establish its medical effectiveness. Meanwhile, other diseases for which it is envisaged that GM plants could provide new drugs include cancer, rheumatoid arthritis and others which,

#A robot in mind It a new kind of robot, designed for some of the most delicate operations a surgeon can perform.

his is a robotic system for assisting a surgeon during neurosurgery operations. It has been designed for the insertion of instruments like biopsy probes or electrodes for deep brain stimulation through small holes in the head of the patient.

It a new kind of robot, designed for some of the most delicate operations a surgeon can perform.

and is far steadier than a surgeon hand. And that a big help: o maintain a specific orientation

Neurosurgeon Francesco Cardinale is a specialist in epilepsy surgery. He helped the robot engineers at Politecnico di Milano understand what doctors really need.

One of the system innovative features is the feedback from the robot to the surgeon via the hand-held controller.

he surgeon can control the movements of the active robot using an instrument like that,

The robot feedback is amplified to help the surgeon feel his way around the brain. So what kind of operation could be perfomed with this type of robot?

The robot, developed within the EU Robocast project, is a year away from surgical trials.

#HELIOS makes silicon breakthrough Experts from the Electronics and Information technology Laboratory of The french Atomic energy commission (CEA-Leti) and III-V lab, a joint lab of Alcatel-lucent Bell labs France,

Three very different medical conditions, all hard to treat. Could the virtual exploration of an island be part of the solution for these three patients?

Patients are supposed always to play the videogame under medical supervision. And this scientists say, is a huge difference compared to existing commercial videogames that already recognise users'movements."

and Genève (CH), representing the community working in the fields of Alzheimer's and other neurodegenerative diseases,

and psychiatric diseases including bipolar disorder and schizophrenia. Four technical partners based in Archamps (FR), Paris (FR), Bristol (UK),

and Sophia-Antipolis (FR), leaders in the field of biomedical image processing and grid computing for biomedical applications.

The neugrid e-infrastructure is so far the first and only European effort aiming to offer a distributed working environment to computational neuroscientists. neugrid has been developed for the front runner community of neuroscientists working in the field of Alzheimer's disease and other neurodegenerative diseases (i e.

but designed generically so as to accommodate new services for other biomedical communities in the short term. neugrid provides integrated and reusable services ranging from simple access to distributed images and clinical data, to advanced imaging pipelines execution and monitoring

The technology could also be applied to medicine, for example, to continuously monitor diabetics or cystic fibrosis sufferers.

Another area of application is medical surgery. A doctor could transfer data to and from a computer just by wearing an electronic bracelet and belt.

#European initiative spearheads medical advances Through the accomplishments of the Healthy Aims project treatments are emerging for the previously untreatable.

Teams of doctors and engineers across Europe are supplying new technologies to improve current medical methods.

A 70 year old patient of the Southampton Hospital in the UK, Anthony Batchelor, has already been subjected to triple bypass surgery,

Pre-surgery measurements are a very important part of the whole treatment; physiological responses like blood pressure or respiratory rate are analysed in comparison to the physical activities of the patient.

and strain gauge technology at the nano scale, allowing for micro scale medical systems that can exist on or within the human body without causing further complications.

It can take years of exposure to arsenic before clear symptoms may appear, such as pigmentation changes, yperkeratosis'(patches of thickening skin), neurological side effects and signs of possible cancers in major organs (skin

chairman of preventive medicine at University of Southern California who led THE WHO panel that determined the classification.

"said David A. Savitz, professor of epidemiology at Brown University, who was involved not in the Interphone study.

we would have more consistent results from epidemiological data. These pictures are compatible with perhaps a weak or moderate risk,

"said Eugene S. Flamm, chairman of the department of neurosurgery at Montefiore Medical center and Albert Einstein College of Medicine."

when using or disposing of medical products. Globally respondents report their hospitals prioritize sustainability purchasing as follows:

##Research for two studies both published in the journalâ#Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science was done using animal modelsâ

so injections into the eye are becoming more common##says Henry F. Edelhauser emeritus professor of ophthalmology.##

Hans Grossniklaus professor of ophthalmology at Emory University contributed to the study. Yoo C. Kim Henry F. Edelhauser and Mark R. Prausnitz hold microneedle patents and Mark Prausnitz and Henry Edelhauser have significant financial interest in Clearside

Biomedical a company developing microneedle-based products for ocular delivery. This potential conflict of interest has been disclosed and is overseen by Georgia Institute of technology and Emory University.

##since it was discovered in 1972â##has been that we can t culture the human viruses in a cell culture dish##says Stephanie Karst associate professor in the molecular genetics and microbiology department at University of Florida College of Medicine.##

Partly because confirming the diagnosis required that epidemiologists fly from Europe to Africa collect blood samples fly back to Europe

##This could really be a game-changer for a lot of applications including diagnostics##say James Collins who is a professor of biomedical engineering and medicine at Boston University and a core faculty member at Harvard s Wyss Institute.##

Whether copsin will one day be used as an antibiotic in medicine remains to be seen. This is by no means certain

while humans have been using antibiotics in medicine for just 70 years with many of them already becoming useless due to resistance?

In addition to being used as an antibiotic in medicine it may also be possible to use copsin in the food industry as well.

and other medical professionals measure and improve the diets of children and adults alike.####There is great interest in the development of objective biomarkers of dietary intake especially biomarkers that can be measured noninvasively##says coauthor Susan T. Mayne professor of epidemiology at Yale university and a developer of the device.##

##Our earlier studies demonstrated a correlation between skin carotenoids and fruit and vegetable intakeâ##this new paper demonstrates that the biomarker was sensitive to changes in fruit and vegetable intake in the intervention setting.##

unless you have an animal model that mimics the Ebola virus disease spectra##says study coauthor Ralph Baric professor of epidemiology at the University of North carolina at Chapel hill.

##says William Fischer an assistant professor of medicine who has treated Ebola patients in Africa.####We can decrease Ebola fatality rates with intensive critical care

and the way they usually do things says lead author Curtis Weiss assistant professor of medicine at Northwestern University Feinberg School of medicine and a physician at Northwestern Memorial Hospital.

whose utility is difficult if not impossible to gauge says senior author Luis Amaral professor of chemical and biological engineering at the Mccormick School of engineering and Applied science and a professor of medicine at Feinberg.

and discussed at medical conferences and then doctors in that field were supposed to integrate that into their clinical practice Weiss says.

The assay has been reported in medical literature as an effective marker but is not yet a part of the guidelines for care.

Biomedical engineers exploring ways to toughen up engineered cartilage and keep natural tissues strong outside the body report new developments in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.##

##The ramifications of the work presented in the PNAS paper are tremendous with respect to tissue grafts used in surgery as well as new tissues fabricated using the principles of tissue engineering##says Kyriacos A. Athanasiou a professor of biomedical engineering and orthopedic surgery and chair