Neurology

Neurodegeneration (158)
Neurologist (17)
Neuropathology (13)

Synopsis: Health: Medicine: Neurology:

Too much or too little dopamine can influence various neurological and psychological disorders. TPH-2 controls the production of serotonin

he strong clinical and basic science programs in neurodegenerative diseases at Columbia will significantly benefit from the Columbia/Biogen alliance.

and because our brains control virtually all bodily functions it is often a challenge for neurologists to offer a clear diagnosis, treatment and rehabilitation.

Olli Tenovuo, Neurologist, Turku University Hospital explains the content: ll (the patient) clinical background. What kind of diseases has had the patient before?

or what does the blood biomarkers (blood samples) tell us The database allows neurologists to compare their patientscases with similar ones.

#Expanding insight into Alzheimer's disease Chronic neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's and Huntington's, are all characterised by an inflammatory reaction within the brain.

however a European research fellow has identified a molecular system that contributes to the mechanisms regulating the progression of neurodegeneration.

The fellow, Diego Gómez-Nicola, from the CNS Inflammation group at the University of Southampton in the United kingdom, examined how a specific cell protein receptor called CSF1R controls the spread and inflammation in neurodegenerative diseases.

and how they increased in number during different neurodegenerative conditions. y targeting the CSF1R receptor with a selective inhibitor,

and memory. e showed that a self-repair mechanism is in place during widespread neurodegeneration, leading to new avenues for treatment, affirms Gómez-Nicola.

and also Professor of Experimental Neuropathology at the University of Southampton, says the research looked at an aspect that all neurodegenerative diseases have in common:

the activation of immune cells and their increase in number. The researchers know that infections elsewhere in the body communicate with the brain,

and Genève (CH), representing the community working in the fields of Alzheimer's and other neurodegenerative diseases,

The neugrid e-infrastructure is so far the first and only European effort aiming to offer a distributed working environment to computational neuroscientists. neugrid has been developed for the front runner community of neuroscientists working in the field of Alzheimer's disease and other neurodegenerative diseases (i e.

It can take years of exposure to arsenic before clear symptoms may appear, such as pigmentation changes, yperkeratosis'(patches of thickening skin), neurological side effects and signs of possible cancers in major organs (skin

He also notes that the research may have implications for neurodegenerative diseases. Researcher from Harvard university collaborated on the project

The engineers identified epilepsy surgery as an ideal high-impact application through discussions with Joseph Neimat associate professor of neurological surgery.

neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson, and other diseases. Unlike fmri and PET, DOT technology is designed to be portable,

says study leader Richard Leigh, assistant professor of neurology and radiology at Johns hopkins university School of medicine. Described in the journal Stroke

Eva Feldman, professor of neurology, studies amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, or ALS. It paralyzes patients as it kills motor neurons in the brain and spinal cord.

They also may be increased at risk for neurological deficits. The Center for Companion Animal health at the School of veterinary medicine and the National institutes of health supported the research

when it s the wrong timesays Wayne Sossin a neuroscientist at the Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital at Mcgill University and senior investigator on the paper. his is especially important with nerve cells in the brain as you only want the brain to make precise

Mistakes in imprinting genes can impair development spurring genetic problems that can cause gigantism dwarfism neurological failures incomplete sexual development and others.

The discovery has implications for understanding age-related diseases including cancers, neurodegenerative disorders and diabetes.##One way all mammalian cells produce energy is via aerobic respiration, in

##Everyone knows that gaming is actually good for neurology and the brain, ##Stubb says.####Long gone are the days where parents tell you to stop.

and memory associated with neurodegenerative diseases and aging. The new research was published June 9 in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

Torkel Klingberg, a neurologist at the Karolinska Institute in Stockholm, and his colleagues studied what happened to D1 receptors in the brains of healthy young men during such training1.

or spinal fluid, says Harvard university neurologist Fred Hochberg.""This is really a new strategy. He says exosome diagnostic tests could potentially detect

that too much protein synthesis downstream of mglur5 activation gives rise to many of the psychiatric and neurological symptoms of fragile X. Bear lab tested this idea in mice,

ALS is a devastating neurodegenerative disorder that results in the loss of all voluntary movement

which is involved with a number of neurodegenerative disorders, including Parkinson disease (PD) and AD. These findings provide novel insight into Alzheimer neurodegeneration,

possibly opening the door for improved clinical diagnosis and treatment. The findings are published in the February 18 online issue of Molecular Psychiatry.

In comparison, a number of studies have found a strong association between MAPT and other neurodegenerative disorders,

Sudha Seshadri, MD, professor of neurology at the Boston University School of medicine, the principal investigator of the Neurology Working group within the Cohorts for Heart and Aging research in Genomic Epidemiology consortium and a study co-author added:

These findings underscore the importance of using a multi-modal and multi-disciplinary approach to evaluating Alzheimer neurodegeneration. hese findings suggest that the combination of genetic,

says neurologist Dena Dubal of the University of California, San francisco (UCSF), who was involved not in the study. he importance of this work cannot be underestimated as the world population is aging rapidly. ultiple groups of scientists have shown that adding the blood of older mice to younger animalsbodies makes them sluggish, weaker,

The researchers are also working on using this approach to precisely deliver drugs to very small regions of the brain in hopes of developing better treatments for psychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders.

or of neurodegenerative disorders, during which the implant can interact with brain physiology. In addition, it is difficult to perform long-term studies of chronic diseases with these implants.

similarly the return of motor function in patients with neurological damage could be identified by its unique grammar.

Scientists have identified also links between DNA repair and neurological, developmental, and immunological disorders, but useful predictive DNA-repair-based tests have not been developed,

or neurodegenerative diseases. his is the first time that MEG and fmri have been connected in this way, giving us a unique perspective,

that too much protein synthesis downstream of mglur5 activation gives rise to many of the psychiatric and neurological symptoms of fragile X. Bear lab tested this idea in mice,

This chemical damages nerve cells and apparently plays a role in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's.

yielding insights into treatment for degenerative neurological conditions or restoring nerve connections after injury. Researchers at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign and the University of Wisconsin-Madison created the microtube platform to study neuron growth.

Kuzum emphasizes that the transparent graphene microelectrode technology was achieved through an interdisciplinary effort of CNT and the departments of Neuroscience Pediatrics and Materials science at Penn and the division of Neurology at CHOP.

This could get around a lot of serious health problems in neurodegenerative diseases in the future.""These disorders, such as Parkinson's, that involve malfunctioning nerve cells can lead to difficulty with the most mundane and essential movements that most of us take for granted:

which are affected in some neurodegenerative diseases. And it's at this level where the promise of Lieber's most recent work enters the picture.

and supports assistive communication technologies for individuals who are unable to effectively communicate due to neurological injury and disease.

perioperative and post-surgical settings, including cardiovascular, neurological, prenatal, psychological and critical care assessments and examinations.

#Neurologists Speed up Connectome Analysis by More than 10-Fold Unraveling the connectivity maps between nerve cells in brains is a huge scientific endeavor called connectomics.

which can lead to better understanding of neurological conditions

#A Computer That Can Sniff out Septic Shock Dr. David Hagar treats dozens of patients each day at the intensive care unit at John Hopkins Hospital in Maryland.

#Premature birth may weaken brain connections Premature birth may result in weakened connections in brain networks linked to attention, communication and the processing of emotions, thereby increasing risk of neurological and psychiatric disorders,

of physical therapy and of neurological surgery at the School of medicine, has received a three-year, nearly $1. 9 million grant from the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) to test a novel device his lab developed that would stimulate the nerves in the upper arm and forearm.

Wilson (Zach) Ray, MD, assistant professor of neurological surgery, both at the School of medicine; and Matthew Macewen, who will graduate with an MD/Phd in May 2015

#Liquid crystals Detect Protein Fibers Associated with Development of Neurodegenerative Diseases Liquid crystals are familiar to most of us as the somewhat humdrum stuff used to make computer displays and TVS.

as detectors for the protein fibers implicated in the development of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's.

"Amyloid fibrils are protein aggregates that are associated with the development of neurodegenerative diseases including Huntington's disease, Parkinson's, Alzheimer's,

Unfortunately, the inclusion of platinum in the molecule causes serious side effects like neurotoxicity kidney damage, hearing loss, nausea and vomiting."

Daniel Moran, Ph d.,professor of biomedical engineering in the School of engineering & Applied science and of neurobiology, of physical therapy and of neurological surgery at Washington University School of medicine in St louis

Moran team includes Harold Burton, Ph d.,professor of neurobiology and Wilson (Zach) Ray, M d.,assistant professor of neurological surgery, both at the School of medicine;

The findings could have implications for the prevention of neurodegenerative diseases that are characterized by plaque buildup.

and therefore overall waste clearance is diminished. his could have implications for prevention of certain neurodegenerative diseases. e speculate that

or postpone onset of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer, Benveniste told Bioscience Technology. Imaging testing in humans is needed still.

and to prevent neurodegenerative diseases

#Capturing Cell Growth in 3d Replicating how cancer and other cells interact in the body is somewhat difficult in the lab. Biologists generally culture one cell type in plastic plates,

report researchers at University of California, San diego School of medicine in the current issue of JAMA Neurology.

Institute and a neurologist at VA Medical center, San diego. The findings are derived from postmortem analyses of 10 patients who participated in phase

Administering NGF directly into the brain a first for treating of an adult neurodegenerative disorder was done for two reasons.

who has been principal investigator for the trials from the beginning. his means that growth factors as a class consistently result in activation of dying cells in human neurodegenerative disorders. uszynski said the findings indicate NGF is extended safe over periods and that it merits continued

and neurodegenerative diseases, validating histone methyltransferases (HMTS) as an important class of drug targets among biomedical researchers.

explained M. Laura Feltri, M d.,senior author on the paper and an HJKRI researcher and professor of biochemistry and neurology in the Jacobs School of medicine and Biomedical sciences at UB. o study myelin,

and other neurodegenerative diseases, because the communication between glial cells and neurons is vital for neuroprotection,

said Poitelon. imilarly, neurodegenerative diseases like Huntington disease or Lou Gehrig's, that were considered uniquely diseases of neurons in the past,

Studies of AD and other neurodegenerative disorders at UC San diego are part of the clinical and bench strength of the UC System.

an associate professor of neurology and a researcher in the Ahmanson-Lovelace Brain Mapping Center at UCLA. ascular compliance is a useful marker for a number of cardiovascular diseases,

such as hypertension and diabetes, Wang said. rowing evidence suggests intracranial vascular pathology also may be associated with the origin and progression of cerebrovascular disorders and neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer disease,

an assistant researcher in the UCLA Department of Neurology. number of studies suggest that vascular dysfunctions,

which plays a role in neurodegenerative diseases, were lower in neurons derived from older patients.

and programs in the UCLA department of neurology. he brain has limited a capacity for recovery after stroke,

and Adam Ferguson, assistant professor of neurological surgery at UC San francisco. Edgerton and his research team also plan to study people who have severe,

In experiments, they trained a machine-learning system on MRI data from patients with neurodegenerative diseases

Common denominator In their experiments, the researchers used data from the Alzheimer Disease Neuroimaging Initiative, a longitudinal study on neurodegenerative disease that includes MRI scans of the same subjects taken months and years apart.

The brains of healthy subjects and subjects in the early stages of neurodegenerative disease change little over time,

"Most patients never receive an evaluation by a neurologist skilled in the diagnosis of Lewy body dementia,

and differentiate LBD from healthy aging and other neurodegenerative diseases. Galvin has led efforts to develop a number of dementia screening tools,

Scientists, therefore, hope to deploy them as agents in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. Using the example of a small heat shock protein,

This also includes the potentially disease-causing proteins that collect in the cells of patients with neurodegenerative disorders--for example

it would improve their ability to attach to the disease-causing fibrils--a first step in the development of new agents against Alzheimer's and other neurodegenerative diseases.

and animals (it is responsible for neurodegenerative diseases such as spongiform encephalopathies). According to a new SISSA study, the mechanism underlying this change is a metal, copper,

"said the study's corresponding author Richard L. Sidman, MD, an investigator in the Department of Neurology at BIDMC and Bullard Professor of Neuropathology (Neuroscience), Emeritus, at Harvard Medical school.

Several 2013 studies from Hyman's group and others showed the movement of a mutant form of tau between brain structures and resultant neurodegeneration in a mouse model.

"says Hyman, the John Penny Professor of Neurology at Harvard Medical school.""Since that spread likely underlies clinical progression of symptoms,

lend hope to patients around the world with neurological conditions that are difficult to treat due to a barrier mechanism that prevents approximately 98 percent of drugs from reaching the brain and central nervous system."

"Although we are currently looking at neurodegenerative disease, there is potential for the technology to be expanded to psychiatric diseases, chronic pain,

The technique has the potential to benefit a large population of patients with neurodegenerative disorders, where there remains a specific unmet need for blood-brain penetrating therapeutic delivery strategies."

and mental states, has been linked to numerous neurological and mental illnesses, including depression. But because there has been no way to obtain live human serotonin neurons to study these diseases,

"explained lead author Maryam Oskoui, M d.,pediatric neurologist at The Montreal Children's Hospital (MCH) of the MUHC and co-director of the Canadian Cerebral palsy Registry."

"explained senior author M. Laura Feltri, M d.,professor of biochemistry and neurology in the Jacobs School of medicine and Biomedical sciences at UB."

"Similarly, neurodegenerative diseases like Huntington's disease or Lou Gehrig's, that were considered unique diseases of neurons in the past,

it may be possible to make target human neurons temporarily susceptible to the ultrasound signal in a clinical setting for certain neurological treatments."

said Adriano Aguzzi, professor of neuropathology at the University of Zurich, who led the study.

"We conclude that MSA is a transmissible human neurodegenerative disease caused by alpha-synuclein prions,

from learning how the brain works to treating previously unmanageable neurological conditions. So far, the triggering of neurons has been compared pretty dumb to how existing biofeedback devices and many electronic systems work.

and may set the stage for advanced neurological rehabilitation techniques. The so-called ptoclamptechnique involves continuous monitoring of the electrical activity of the neuronal cells excited via optogenetics

In the study, GDNF alleviated neuroinflammation and reversed neurodegeneration in Parkinson disease model mice. One suggested mechanism of activity is that these cells,

"study co-author Dr. An Do, an assistant professor of neurology at the University of California, Irvine, said in a statement."

Dr. Elizabeth Tyler-Kabara, an associate professor of neurological surgery and bioengineering at the University of Pittsburgh, who was not involved with the study,

and possibly even neurodegenerative diseases.""Injuries to the central nervous system affect thousands of Canadians every year and can lead to lifelong disabilities.

built its own neurological map of the office. The computer navigation system assists the robot in situations where it is lost in a new environment,

but when human proteins form amyloids they are associated usually with diseases especially neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer, Parkinson,

These brain-like structures offer the opportunity to reproduce more accurate 3d in vitro microstructures with applications ranging from cell behavior studies to improving our understanding of brain injuries and neurodegenerative diseases r

The buildup of brain waste chemicals may contribute to the development of Alzheimer disease and other neurological conditions.

neuropathology or treatment prognosis. Thus far, the neuroscience of emotion has yielded many important results but no such indicators for emotional experiences.

A new study may have unlocked understanding of a mysterious part of the brain with implications for neurodegenerative conditions such as Alzheimer.

Glaucoma is a neurodegenerative disease where patients lose seemingly random patches of vision in each eye.

In the latest TVST paper, Refined Frequency Doubling Perimetry Analysis Reaffirms Central nervous system Control of Chronic Glaucomatous Neurodegeneration

which have neurodegenerative biology similar to glaucoma, may also be mediated actively by the brain. ur work has illustrated that the brain will not let us lose control of the same function on both sides of the brain

It seems likely that the same kind of protective mechanism will be at work with other neurodegenerative disorders,

if the brain regulates neurodegeneration that if the brain controls how it loses control then researchers will now be able to look into largely unexplored regulatory processes for opportunities to slow

The paired eyes and brain are reaffirmed to function as a unified system in the progressive age-related neurodegenerative condition chronic open angle glaucoma,

Given the extensive homology of this disorder with other age-related neurodegenerations, it is reasonable to assume that the brain will similarly resist simultaneous bilateral loss of paired functional zones in both hemispheres in diseases like

Glaucomatous eyes at all stages of the disease appear to provide a highly accessible paired-organ study model for developing therapeutics to optimize conservation of function in neurodegenerative disorders. efined Frequency Doubling Perimetry Analysis Reaffirms Central nervous system Control of Chronic

a UCLA professor of neurology and member of the Easton Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disease Research. ecause the presentation varies from person to person,

#Researchers Identify Protein That Opens the Door to Cell Death Findings could aid development of novel therapeutics for conditions ranging from heart failure and stroke to cancer and neurodegeneration.

Dr. Madesh also explained that the new findings could aid the development of novel therapeutics for conditions ranging from heart failure and stroke to cancer and neurodegeneration all of

with several well-recognized neurological ailments linked to two other ones, the mitochondria and lysosomes.

#Liquid crystals Show Potential for Detecting Neurodegenerative Diseases Liquid crystals are familiar to most of us as the somewhat humdrum stuff used to make computer displays and TVS.

as detectors for the protein fibers implicated in the development of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer.

Amyloid fibrils are protein aggregates that are associated with the development of neurodegenerative diseases including Huntington disease, Parkinson, Alzheimer,

such as for analysing the development of neurodegenerative processes, the impact of a lesion from a trauma or tumour, response to treatment, etc.

and progression of disease, says senior author Katerina Akassoglou, Phd, a senior investigator at the Gladstone Institutes and professor of neurology at the University of California,

and brain macrophages, says Scott Zamvil, MD, Phd, a professor of neurology at the University of California,

#New Drug Delivery Technique Bypasses Blood-brain barrier Breakthrough could help countless patients with neurological conditions that are currently hard to treat.

lend hope to patients around the world with neurological conditions that are difficult to treat due to a barrier mechanism that prevents approximately 98 percent of drugs from reaching the brain

Eye and Ear/Harvard Medical school. lthough we are currently looking at neurodegenerative disease, there is potential for the technology to be expanded to psychiatric diseases, chronic pain,

The technique has the potential to benefit a large population of patients with neurodegenerative disorders, where there remains a specific unmet need for blood-brain penetrating therapeutic delivery strategies. e see this expanding beyond Parkinson disease,

including more neurological drugs. The company is owned privately. Doctors are increasingly turning to 3d printing to create customised implants for patients with rare conditions

says James Nicoll, a neuropathologist at the University of Southampton, UK. Aigner agrees he will start by testing the drug in people with Parkinson disease,

The findings could help identify ways to repair damaged neural connections in patients with spinal cord injuries or neurodegenerative diseases like amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), also known as Lou gehrig's disease.

and others who today suffer from intractable neurological problems, he said u

#British Scientists Want Permission To Genetically Edit Viable Human Embryos Cas9, the enzyme used in the CRISPR/Cas9 genome-editing technique, employed on a stand of DNA.

and potentially treating human diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular disease, neurodegenerative conditions and diabetes, which can be driven by mutations in control regions of the genome.

as well as in neurological changes. Bogyo's group has extensive expertise in studying the activity of proteases, proteins capable of slicing up other proteins.

Dr. Albert J. Becker from the Institute of Neuropathology of the University of Bonn. The hippocampus, located in the temporal lobe, is a central switching station in the brain.

Dr. Susanne Schoch from the department of Neuropathology at the University of Bonn. The researchers also see a possible potential in this new technology for novel diagnostic approaches in humans s

an assistant clinical professor of neurology. e hope that an implant could achieve an even greater level of prosthesis control

'and the focus of heavy investigation in a variety of neurodegenerative diseases,"said one of the researchers, Vijay K. Ramanan.

and physicians to propose a clinical trial using pluripotent stem cells treated with mitomycin C prior to transplant to treat Parkinson's patients and also other neurodegenerative conditions."

"But many diseases, like cancer, cardiovascular disease or neurodegenerative conditions, have a much more complex genetic component.

Five of the six cases involved patients under the care of Dr. Saunder Bernes, a neurologist at Barrow neurological institute at Phoenix Children's Hospital.

or other neurologic damage that can be severe or fatal. The standard method of screening for levels of Loa loa involves trained technicians manually counting the worms in a blood smear using conventional laboratory microscopes,

which we see in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's, and even in aging processes,"explains Prof.

"said Katerina Akassoglou, Ph d.,a senior investigator at the Gladstone Institute for Neurological disease, a professor of neurology at the University of California, San francisco,

and Speaker for the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases in Munich) and Dr. Michael Willem (LMU) has made now a discovery

transmit neurodegeneration Multiple System Atrophy (MSA), a neurodegenerative disorder with similarities to Parkinson's disease, is caused by a newly discovered type of prion,

akin to the misfolded proteins involved in incurable progressive brain diseases such Creutzfeldt-jakob disease (CJD), according to two new research papers led by scientists at UC San francisco. The findings suggest new approaches to developing treatments for MSA,

since work at the National institutes of health in the 1960s showed that human brain tissue infected with CJD could transmit neurodegeneration to chimpanzees.

Prusiner, a professor of neurology and director of the Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases (IND) at UCSF

since that similar misfolded proteins may contribute to more common forms of neurodegeneration, such as Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease."

"said UCSF's Kurt Giles, DPHIL, associate professor of neurology, IND researcher and senior author on the second of the two new studies."

First described in 1960, MSA is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that is rare but more common than CJD:

As in Parkinson's disease, neurodegeneration in MSA is accompanied by a buildup of clumps of alpha-synuclein protein within brain cells.

When exposed to human MSA tissue, the mice developed neurodegeneration. In addition, the team found that the brains of infected mice contained abnormally high levels of insoluble human alpha-synuclein,

and research that involve contact with brain tissue from neurodegeneration patients, because standard disinfection techniques that kill microbes do not eliminate the Prp prions that cause CJD.

and researchers should adopt much more stringent safety protocols when dealing with tissue from patients with MSA and other neurodegenerative diseases, many

There could be undiagnosed neurodegenerative diseases that --if they're caused by prions--mean infection could be a real worry."

"The challenge of studying neurodegeneration is that it's a disease of aging, "Woerman said."

#Microbiologists describe new insights into human neurodegenerative disease Microbiology researchers at the University of Georgia studying a soil bacterium have identified a potential mechanism for neurodegenerative diseases.

"This research suggests that HSD10 prevents neurodegeneration by destroying cardiolipin peroxides and provides a fresh perspective on the etiology of Alzheimer's disease that could inform novel drug strategies,

#Loss of cellular energy leads to neuronal dysfunction in neurodegenerative disease model A new study from the Gladstone Institutes shows for the first time that impairments in mitochondria--the brain's cellular power plants--can deplete cellular energy levels

and cause neuronal dysfunction in a model of neurodegenerative disease. A link between mitochondria, energy failure,

and neurodegeneration has long been hypothesized. However, no previous studies were able to comprehensively investigate the connection because sufficiently sensitive tests,

a genetically inherited neurodegenerative disorder that affects mitochondria, the researchers tested energy levels in neurons using the new assays.

so that we can identify the best therapeutic targets for neurodegenerative disorders

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