For the study published in Molecular Psychiatry researchers recruited 10-to 14-year-old healthy girls with a family history of depression
and fastâ##ideally delivering answers within 30 minutesâ##through further technology development and preclinical trials.
Based on the team s current rate of progress a field-ready instrument could be ready to enter the medical marketplace in five years.
and their activities says Peter Kamel a medical student at Baylor College of Medicine who completed the research as an undergraduate at Rice university.
He also notes that the research may have implications for neurodegenerative diseases. Researcher from Harvard university collaborated on the project
and wirelessly to smart chips programmed to perform medical tasks and report back the results.
and execute medical commands and report the completed activity via a tiny built-in radio antenna.""We think this will enable researchers to develop a new generation of tiny implants designed for a wide array of medical applications"says Amin Arbabian assistant professor of electrical engineering at Stanford university.
Arbabian's team recently presented a working prototype of this wireless medical implant system at the IEEE Custom Integrated circuits Conference in San jose California.
The researchers chose ultrasound to deliver wireless power to their medical implants because it has been used safely in many applications such as fetal imaging
and can provide sufficient power to implants a millimeter or less in size. Now Arbabian and his colleagues are collaborating with other researchers to develop sound-powered implants for a variety of medical applications including studying the nervous system
and treating the symptoms of Parkinson's disease.""Tiny wireless nodes such as these have the potential to become a key tool for addressing neurological disorders"says Florian Solzbacher professor of electrical and computer engineering at University of Utah and director of its Center for Engineering Innovation.
#Brain surgery robot would go through the cheek Vanderbilt University Posted by David Salisbury-VU on October 16 2014for people with severe epilepsy treatment can mean drilling through the skull deep into the brain
In addition the needle is inserted in tiny millimeter steps so the surgeon can track its position by taking successive MRI scans.
According to project leader Eric Barth associate professor of mechanical engineering the next stage in the surgical robot s development is testing it with cadavers.
'##At the same time Robert Webster associate professor of mechanical engineering had developed a system of steerable surgical needles.####The idea for this came about when Eric and
The engineers identified epilepsy surgery as an ideal high-impact application through discussions with Joseph Neimat associate professor of neurological surgery.
Comber and Barth shadowed Neimat through brain surgeries to understand how their device would work in practice.##
and unlimited access would make surgeries minimally invasive. We could do a dramatic surgery with nothing more than a needle stick to the cheek.##
##The engineers have designed the system so that much of it can be made using 3d printing in order to keep the price low.
Ventilator-associated pneumonia develops in approximately 20 percent of patients in intensive care units (ICUS) who are receiving prolonged medical ventilation.
##The free insurance covered specific high-impact medical conditionsâ##such as heart disease and cancerâ ##which poor residents often die from
because the only way now known to##cure##the condition involves major gastric bypass surgery.##
##The surgery can only be performed on highly obese people##says Victor Shengkan Jin associate professor of pharmacology at Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical school
and lead author of a new study published in the journal Nature Medicine ##and carries significant risks that include death
A summary of the new research conducted using mice with a bone condition similar to osteoporosis has been published in the journal Nature Medicine.##
##We didn t know that the drug affects preosteoclasts nor did we understand how important preosteoclasts are in maintaining healthy bones##says study leader Xu Cao professor of orthopedic surgery at the Johns hopkins university School of medicine.##
In collaboration with Amato Giaccia professor of radiation oncology the researchers gave intravenous treatments of this bioengineered decoy protein to mice with aggressive breast and ovarian cancers.
This is a very promising therapy that appears to be effective and nontoxic in preclinical experiments Giaccia says.
Further preclinical and animal tests must be done before determining whether this therapy is safe and effective in humans.
In preclinical studies using rats there was no sign of danger to the liver. During human trials adverse effects from the drug were characterized as rare and relatively mild.
and the human trials weren t large enough for the true risk of liver injury to become apparent says Paul Watkins coauthor of the study and professor of medicine and pharmacy at University of North carolina.
and reducing the costs of new medicines. The DILISYM software is the result of the DILI-sim Initiative a partnership between the Hamner-UNC Institute for Drug Safety Sciences
Funding for the study came from the National Institute of General Medical sciences. Source: UNC-Chapel Hil l
##Initially we only identified the most severe cases of autism##says Johnson Harrison who works under the mentorship of Eric Morrow in the department of psychiatry and human behavior at Brown.##
The technology and its relevance to basic medicine have been demonstrated in the study but additional testing is needed before it can be put to use.
and respond in a graduated way##says Wilbur Lam assistant professor in the pediatrics department at Emory University School of medicine and a physician in the Aflac Cancer and Blood disorders Center at Children s Healthcare of Atlanta.
and medical implants they tend to form clots a major problem for patient care. Modifying the stiffness of materials used in these devices could reduce clot formation the authors suggest.
and monitor anemia themselves says Wilbur Lam a physician in the Aflac Cancer and Blood disorders Center at Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and the department of pediatrics at Emory University School of medicine.
The FDA-funded Atlantic Pediatric Device Consortium the Georgia Research Alliance Children's Healthcare of Atlanta the Georgia Center of Innovation for Manufacturing and the Global Center for Medical Innovation
Using CT imaging researchers monitored the healing of a human rib that had been removed partially by a surgeon.
and the severe problems associated with reconstructive surgery says team leader Francesca Mariani assistant professor of cell and neurobiology and principal investigator in the Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative medicine and Stem Cell Research at University
Funding came from an Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Foundation Research Award; the Baxter Medical Scholar Research Fellowship;
This study was conducted jointly with collaborators from the Institut de Bioenginyeria de Catalunya the Institute for Research in Biomedicine Universitat Polit cnica de Catalunya and Universitat de Barcelona in Barcelona Spain
-like particles could give doctors a new option for curbing surgical bleeding and addressing certain blood clotting disorders without the need for transfusions of natural platelets.
Researchers also tested blood from infants that had undergone open heart surgery which requires that their blood be diluted reducing its clotting ability.
But the researchers believe the particles could also reduce the need for platelet transfusions in patients undergoing chemotherapy or bypass surgery and in those with certain blood disorders.##
which can be difficult to obtain##says Wilbur Lam another coauthor and a physician in the Aflac Cancer and Blood disorders Center at Children s Healthcare of Atlanta and the Department of Pediatrics at the Emory University School of medicine.##
Eleven percent of college students in 2013 or one in every nine indicated some Adderall use without medical supervision in the prior 12 months.
The use of narcotic drugs other than heroin like Vicodin and Oxycontin peaked in 2006 with 8. 8 percent of college students indicating any past-year use without medical supervision.
The results challenge the perception that low-fat diets are always better for the heart says lead author Lydia Bazzano professor in nutrition research at Tulane University School of Public health and Tropical Medicine.##
The initial evaluations all were done only in the hand as part of this preclinical development effort.
Zaveri notes that some may be surprised that biomedical research is done in the food science department. But she says it seemed natural given her collaboration on the study with Gregory Ziegler who has expertise in biopolymers such as carrageenan
The biomedical use of a food additive a material widely used in the food industry for its gelling thickening and stabilizing properties as a medium for a drug-delivery system is a novel idea
In mice and rats injecting the two drugs in combination speeds the healing of surgical woundsâ#by about one-quarter
If the findings published in the Journal of Investigative Dermatology hold up in future human studies the treatment might also speed skin healing in people with skin ulcers extensive burns and battlefield injuries.##
Though the study tested the drug combination only on surgical excisions the researchers say the beneficial effects also apply to burn injuries
##Our study has two crucial applicable findings##says lead author Charles A. Baillie an internal medicine specialist and fellow in the Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics at Penn Medicine.##
The study appears in Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology. Source: University of Pennsylvaniayou are free to share this article under the Creative Commons Attribution-Noderivs 3. 0 Unported license t
The research appears in the American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine. Source: Monash University You are free to share this article under the Creative Commons Attribution-Noderivs 3. 0 Unported license e
but medical experts believe blood stem cells have the potential to be used more widely. Lead researcher Peter Currie a professor at Monash University says that understanding how HSCS self-renew to replenish blood cells is a##Holy grail##of stem cell biology.##
but we know very little about how these microbial communities assemble##says senior author Phillip I. Tarr professor of pediatrics.##
and at other times they weren t##says Tarr who is also director of the Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition.##
or treatment of NEC##says co-first author Barbara Warner a professor of pediatrics who treats patients at St louis Children s Hospital.##
professor of neurosurgery at University of Michigan. his is an incredibly novel and exciting development,
Even when a neurosurgeon removes the bulk of the tumor, small invasive areas escape detection and keep growing, unchecked by the body.
Diano, a professor in the departments of obstetrics, gynecology, and reproductive sciences, and her team discovered that this enzyme is important
surgical removal of the ridge or ring below the aortic valve is one option for improving the child health.
says Joshua Stern, a veterinary cardiologist at the University of California, Davis, who led the study. n addition,
showing that the fiber materials can hold 10 times the concentration of medicine as anti-HIV gels currently under development.
says child psychiatrist Joan L. Luby, who directs Washington University Early Emotional Development Program. ut the good news is that
and to evaluate them for depression and other psychiatric conditions. However, if children were found to be depressed seriously or in danger of self harm
Fifth Edition (DSM-V). This manual contains the American Psychiatric Association most up-to-date official guidelines for diagnosing
and treating psychiatric illnesses. More than 51 percent of the 74 children who originally were diagnosed as preschoolers also were depressed as school age kids.
The study appears in The American Journal of Psychiatry h
#Gel fights breast cancer with fewer side effects A tamoxifen gel applied to the breast may work as well as a pill form of the drug to slow the growth of cancer cells.
many women with DCIS are reluctant to take oral tamoxifen after being treated with breast-saving surgery
says lead author Seema Khan, professor of surgery and professor of cancer research at Northwestern University Feinberg School of medicine.
Women who have completed surgery and radiation are given oral tamoxifen for five years to reduce the risk of the DCIS recurring at the same place
#Test eliminates need for second thyroid surgery A new test increases the odds by 30 percent that people with thyroid cancer will undergo the correct initial surgery. efore this test,
says Linwah Yip, assistant professor of surgery in the University of Pittsburgh School of medicine. Yip says without the test a second surgery to remove the thyroid was required often
if the portion removed during the first surgery came back positive for cancer. he molecular testing panel now bypasses that initial surgery,
allowing us to go right to fully removing the cancer with one initial surgery. This reduces risk
and stress to the patient, as well as recovery time and costs, adds Yip, lead author of the study published in the Annals of Surgery.
Cancer in the thyroid, which is located in the dam applearea of the neck, is now the fifth most common cancer diagnosed in women.
which is a surgical operation to remove half of the thyroid, is needed then to diagnose or rule out thyroid cancer.
In the case of a postoperative cancer diagnosis, a second surgery is required to remove the rest of the thyroid.
For a study published in the New england Journal of Medicine, researchers at seven different academic centers recruited 750 couples to compare the long-used fertility drug clomiphene citrate, commonly called clomid, to letrozole.
director of the division of reproductive endocrinology and infertility at University of Florida. lomid has been available for fertility treatment for more than 40 years,
Christman says. his study indicates that there is a safe and effective medical treatment to help infertility patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome,
professor of medicine and of molecular microbiology and a Howard Hughes Medical Institute investigator at Washington University studies how malaria affects red blood cells.
professor of epidemiology at Johns hopkins university. his research points out the areas that need improvement. It also reminds us that there are many forces threatening to push stroke rates back up and,
For the study, published in the Journal of the American Medical Association, researchers used data from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study,
says Robert Koenekoop, professor of human genetics, pediatric surgery, and ophthalmology at Mcgill University. t is giving hope to many patients who suffer from this devastating retinal degeneration.
Published in the Lancet, the study involved 14 participants from around the world with LCA ranging in age from 6 to 38 years old.
University of Queensland Professor Mark Walker, in collaboration with Emory University and University of California, San diego, are working on additional preclinical testing of the modified vaccine.
Walker says the preclinical trials were designed to demonstrate that the vaccine was safe and effective before proceeding to human clinical trials.
says Craig Meyers, professor of microbiology and immunology at the Penn State College of Medicine.
Other researchers on this project contributed from Penn State, PPD Vaccines and Biologics Laboratory, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research,
and Central Michigan University college of Medicine r
#Lab-on-a-chip tracks down most wanted microbe A diagnostic tool that about the size of a credit card has identified a highly prized gut microbe.
says Karl Deisseroth, professor of bioengineering and of psychiatry and behavioral sciences at Stanford university. The first problem was that laboratories were not set up to reliably carry out the CLARITY process.
For a new study, Michael Haller, an endocrinologist at University of Florida, looked for problematic cells of the immune system that could be behind a patient inability to produce insulin
immunology, and laboratory medicine. That the treatment seemed to stimulate insulin production in people with established Type 1 diabetes made the researchers autiously optimistic,
He and fellow co-investigator Desmond Schatz, associate chairman of the department of pediatrics, authored a paper advocating a combination approach to treating Type 1 diabetes.
Sherwood s colleague Ryan Baugh an assistant professor of medicine showed that hatching C. elegans eggs in a nutrient-free environment shut down their development completely.
The sensor would be embedded with an artificial lens during cataract surgery and would detect pressure changes instantaneously,
If you can fit this sensor device into an intraocular lens implant during cataract surgery it won require any further surgery for patients.
The research team wanted to find an easy way to measure eye pressure for management of glaucoma,
but both require a visit to the ophthalmologist. At most, patients at risk for glaucoma may only get their pressure checked several times a year,
says Tueng Shen, a collaborator and professor of ophthalmology. MARTERLENSES But if ophthalmologists could insert a pressure monitoring system in the eye with an artificial lens during cataract surgeryow a common procedure performed on 3 million to 4 million people each year to remove blurry vision
or glare caused by a hazy lenshat could save patients from a second surgery and essentially make their replacement lens marterand more functional. he implementation of the monitoring device has to be well-suited clinically
and must be designed to be simple and reliable, Shen says. e want every surgeon who does cataract surgeries to be able to use this.
As reported in the Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering, researchers built a prototype that uses radio frequency for wireless power and data transfer.
The team has tested successfully the sensing device embedded in the same flexible silicon material that used to create artificial lenses in cataract surgeries.
so it seems a natural pairing to place a pressure monitoring device in a new lens during cataract surgery.
patients and surgeons would be really eager to adopt it. The researchers, including Brian Otis, associate professor of electrical engineering and also of Google Inc,
Damiano, and El-Khatib previously published a 2010 Science Translational Medicine report that described successful use of the first-generation system in controlling the blood sugar of adults for 27 hours.
BETTER CONTROL Both of the studies reported in the New england Journal of Medicine paper compared data reflecting five days on the bionic pancreas system with five days of participantsusual care using their own insulin pumps.
assistant professor of clinical medicine at the USC Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center and Hospital. ore clinical studies are needed,
explains Chay Kuo, an assistant professor of cell biology, neurobiology and pediatrics at Duke university. In a study with mice, his team found a previously unknown population of neurons within the subventricular zone (SVZ) neurogenic niche of the adult brain, adjacent to the striatum.
associate professor of radiology at Washington University in St louis. t roughly akin to spotting the rush of blood to someone cheeks
neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson, and other diseases. Unlike fmri and PET, DOT technology is designed to be portable,
and when the heart is stopped temporarily during cardiac surgery. Better image quality For the current study, published online in Nature Photonics,
and the software performs better than non-expert medical clinicians and students in training. ee not trying to replace the experts,
says Amy Esler, an assistant professor of pediatrics and autism researcher at the University of Minnesota,
which connects researchers from disparate fields to experts in computer programming to help analyze large data sets. ee currently working with autism experts at Duke Medicine to determine what sorts of easy tests could be used on just a computer
If there is too much barrier damage before intravenous medicine is administered to a stroke patient, that medicine could seep out of the bloodstream and into the brain, causing major damage.
The drug tpa is given now to patients only within 4. 5 hours of a stroke onset
says study leader Richard Leigh, assistant professor of neurology and radiology at Johns hopkins university School of medicine. Described in the journal Stroke
and lead to a type of medicine where physicians treat disease and alleviate pain with electronics instead of drugs. e need to make these devices as small as possible to more easily implant them deep in the body
and drug delivery systems to apply medicines directly to affected areas, Poon says. The work creates the potential to develop lectroceuticaltreatments as alternatives to drug therapies,
In the experiment, Poon used her midfield transfer system to send power directly to tiny medical implants.
and a medical degree in a joint program with nearby Baylor College of Medicine. hese chemical crosslinks are attached by phosphate ester bonds,
the Keck Center Nanobiology Training program of the Gulf coast Consortia and the Baylor College of Medicine Medical scientist Training program supported the research.
The breakthrough of knowing where the gene pools that created your DNA were mixed last has massive implications for lifesaving personalized medicine
Medical screening Elhaik coauthor Tatiana Tatarinova developed a website making GPS accessible to the public. o help people find their roots,
an associate professor of research pediatrics at the Keck School of medicine of the University of Southern California. e were surprised by the simplicity and precision of this method.
this kind of screening has huge, important medical implications. The discovery of a certain genotype might indicate the potential for a genetic disease
Also, as scientists learn more about personalized medicine, there is evidence that specific genotypes respond differently to medicationsaking this information potentially useful
For example, data analysis could detect motions associated with Parkinson disease at its onset. he application of stretchable electronics to medicine has a lot of potential,
and other surgical implants by detecting early signs of infection. Alexander Star, an associate professor of chemistry at the University of Pittsburgh, says the new chip,
Star says. t may alleviate the need for further surgical intervention. A paper on the chip appears online in Scientific Reports.
Eva Feldman, professor of neurology, studies amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, or ALS. It paralyzes patients as it kills motor neurons in the brain and spinal cord.
a pediatric immunologist. ny information that will help us make these decisions not only helps us ensure that we provide the best care for these kids,
Monash University researchers found that weight loss surgery (gastric banding) for overweight people with diabetes had a profound impact on the illness. his is randomized the first controlled trial demonstrating that treatment of type 2 diabetes
The study, published in the Lancet Diabetes and Endocrinology, looked at people who suffered diabetes
Orien explains. he surgery was conducted as an outpatient procedure with no significant adverse effects. We were pleased to see was that after two years into the trial,
They also may be increased at risk for neurological deficits. The Center for Companion Animal health at the School of veterinary medicine and the National institutes of health supported the research
chairperson of the department of pharmacology and toxicology in the College of Osteopathic Medicine at Michigan State. here are two kinds of scleroderma, localized and systemic,
professor of psychiatry and behavioral sciences at Johns hopkins university School of medicine. hat we could intervene in adolescence
There is a neuropsychiatric phenomenon in which any organism will react less to a strong, startling sound when they have first been primed by hearing a weaker one.
Grants from the National institutes of health, the Stanley Foundation, the RUSK Foundation, the S-R Foundation, the National Alliance for Research on Schizophrenia and Depression, Johns Hopkins Medicine Brain science Institute, the Maryland
and Mcinnis, a professor in the department of psychiatry, are co-senior authors of the new paper published in the journaltranslational Psychiatry.
says the new research could take treatment of bipolar disorder into the era of personalized medicine. Not only could stem cell research help find new treatments,
says Jean-Francois Geschwind, interventional radiologist at Johns hopkins university and the project senior scientist. A series of studies involved 140 patients with either primary liver cancers or metastatic tumors that were caused by cancers spreading from elsewhere in the body.
Geschwind, a professor of radiology, says that knowing the true extent of tumor response to chemoembolization is particularly important for patients with moderate to advanced disease,
All were treated with surgery or liver transplantation after chemoembolization. Low error margin The research team used existing MR analysis techniques
as well as the new 3d method, to compare the radiologistsanalyses with pathologic review of tumor samples after therapy and surgical removal.
so radiologists can provide almost instantaneous treatment advice. Geschwind and colleagues plan further software refinements to the new approach before training more physicians to use it.
The findings were presented at a recent San diego meeting of the Society of Interventional Radiology. The french Society of Radiology, Philips Research North america, the National institutes of health,
and the Rolf W. Günther Foundation for Radiology and Radiological Sciences helped support the study.
Source: Johns Hopkin J
#Microbes could expand how doctors use ultrasound The addition of nanoscale organisms could potentially expand the range of medical conditions diagnosed with noninvasive ultrasound.
The technology opens the door to a variety of potential imaging applications where the nanometer size is advantageous,
with several unique properties making them especially useful in biomedical applications. BETTER THAN MICROBUBBLES Previously, most ultrasound imaging agents were based on small gas bubbles,
They are of immense ecological economic and medical importance and affect our daily lives from pollinating our crops to vectoring diseasessays lead author Bernhard Misof with the Zoological Research Museum Alexander Koenig in Bonn Germany. e can only start to understand the enormous species richness
For Aebi the main focus of this research project was not primarily on applications for the new substance. hether copsin will one day be used as an antibiotic in medicine remains to be seen.
while humans have been using antibiotics in medicine for just 70 years with many of them already becoming useless due to resistance?
In addition to being used as an antibiotic in medicine it may also be possible to use copsin in the food industry as well.
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