This new'thirsty'concrete absorbs 4, 000 litres of water in 60 seconds During the first few weeks of August 2007,
more than two-thirds was caused by water running off pavements or overflowing from drainage systems. So what's the solution?
We need to prevent all that water from accumulating on the surface of our roads and footpaths,
a new type of porous concrete that can absorb up to 4, 000 litres of water in the first 60 seconds,
which water can drain almost instantly. This is followed by an'attenuation layer, 'which feeds the water into a drainage system that connects with the city's groundwater reservoirs.
So don't worry all the water you can see pouring out in the video isn't being wasted-it's being fed straight back into the system for irrigation, drinking water, swimming pools,
and firefighting purposes. While permeable concrete has been around for the past 50 years, it's mostly been used under pavements to help with drainage,
"During periods of rising temperatures and intense rainfall, water stored within the system evaporates creating a cooling effect reducing surface temperatures,
If that water happens to freeze, the entire system would be destroyed, so the concrete can only be used in places where temperatures are never likely to dip that low w
NASA finds evidence of liquid water flowing on the surface of Mars NASA told us it was announcing something big today,
The seasonal rivers of salty water mean there's a greater chance of Mars being able to support life now or in the future.
-while it was suspected that trickling water was the cause, the new evidence means NASA is now almost certain.
and that's the evidence they needed to suggest flowing water is the cause. What's more, they've proved that this activity is still happening today,
the summer months on Mars see a shallow subsurface flow of briny water coming down from the planet's canyons and crater walls.
The next mystery to solve is where exactly this water flow is coming from-it could be bubbling up from underneath the crust,
or it could be created by some kind of condensation process in the atmosphere of Mars."Our quest on Mars has been to'follow the water'in our search for life in the universe,
as it appears to confirm that water -albeit briny-is flowing today on the surface of Mars."Perhaps the biggest potential consequence of the discovery is that visitors to the Red planet could use the water that's hidden away to support themselves
and grow food. If scientists can work out where the water is being stored or formed, then these sites would be prime candidates for landing spots on the first manned mission to the planet."
"Of all the worlds we've explored, water flows only on the surface of one-ours
-which is why the discovery that water is now likely to be regularly flowing across Mars is commented so stunning
Alan Duffy, a Research Fellow at Swinburne University of Technology in Australia.""The brine on Mars might not directly support life
direct air capture works just like these new solar cells that split water into a hydrogen fuel-the CO2 recycling plant extracts CO2 from the air using a giant complex of fans,
and combines this with liquid hydrogen split from water. This mixture can then be converted into solid pellets of calcium carbonate,
#Solar cooling system keeps water at 9 degrees Celsius for up to three months Maintaining food in places where high temperatures prevail,
where she has achieve to maintain water at nine degrees Celsius"with that temperature we can cool food,
the researcher calculates the amount of water to be cooled, thereby knows how many zeolite to use.
A small bottle of nanoparticles suspended in water costs about $250, and contains enough for about 2, 500 tests."
which instantly boils the water layer adjacent to parts of the cell. That creates a bubble that explodes near the cell membrane,
The scientists studied light scattering from a glass cylinder filled with water. In essence such an experiment represents a two-dimensional analog of a classical problem of scattering from a homogeneous sphere (Mie scattering), the solution to
In the study, the scientists used ordinary water whose refractive index can be regulated by changing temperature.
Importantly, the developed technique made it possible to switch from visibility to invisibility regimes at the same frequency of 1. 9 GHZ by simply changing the temperature of the water in the cylinder from 90°C to 50°C."Our theoretical calculations
which plants use the energy in sunlight to synthesize carbohydrates from carbon dioxide and water. However
this new artificial photosynthetic system synthesizes the combination of carbon dioxide and water into acetate, the most common building block today for biosynthesis."We believe our system is a revolutionary leap forward in the field of artificial photosynthesis,
and combined with water for the synthesis of molecular products that form biomass, "says Chris Chang, an expert in catalysts for carbon-neutral energy conversions."
and combined with water for the synthesis of a variety of targeted, value-added chemical products."
while the photo-generated holes in the titanium oxide split water molecules to make oxygen.""Once the forest of nanowire arrays is established,
"We were able to uniformly populate our nanowire array with S. ovata using buffered brackish water with trace vitamins as the only organic component."
#Engineers purify sea and wastewater in 2. 5 minutes The System PQUA, works with a mixture of dissociating elements,
We observed that the residual water in the container was pumped to reactor tank, where it received a dosing of the dissociating elements in predetermined amounts.
Subsequently, the water is conducted to a clarifier tank, to sediment the excess charge of dissolved elements;
Also, the Monterrey Institute of technology and Higher education (ITESM), the College of Mexico and the National Polytechnic institute (IPN) have given their validation that the water treated with our technology meets the SSA NOM 127 standard,
consumption and water discharge e
#Tiniest circuits: Light-controlled molecule switching Dr. Artur Erbe, physicist at the HZDR, is convinced that in the future molecular electronics will open the door for novel and increasingly smaller--while also more energy efficient--components or sensors:"
They placed a superconducting island in between the electromagnetic field and the oscillator to mediate the interaction."
--With the superconducting island, the radiation pressure increased a millionfold the value we had achieved previously, reports the supervisor of the experimental group, professor Mika Sillanp##from Aalto University.
"archipelago"-like single crystal formations, Park said. But making smooth, flat, ultrathin sheets, like paper, is the ultimate goal,
However, its high-volume production and the generation of environmental problems (eutrophication and pollution of groundwater due to its high concentration of nutrients
excess water is released which reacts with titanium oxysulfate to form a solid shell of titanium hydroxide with a thickness of 3 to 4 nanometers.
At first, the researchers wanted to explore the limits of the analogy between the boiling phenomenon and water electrolysis,
which is the breakup of water into hydrogen and oxygen gases by an electric current. As an example of boiling behavior
the drop spreads and water vapor bubbles grow at the pan surface. However, if the pan is very hot (more than 280 degrees Celsius),
and preventing contact between the liquid water and the pan, a phenomenon called the Leidenfrost effect."
if a similar transition exists in the case of water electrolysis. The analogy interested the authors,
bubbles in the cooling water can suddenly coalesce to form a vapor film that limits further heat transfer
and the water in the hydrochloric acid solution started to break down into hydrogen and oxygen gas.
At first the researchers believed that the drop might be resting on a cushion of hydrogen gas from the breakup of water
but further analysis revealed that the gaseous cushion was in fact mostly water vaporized by energy from the electric current.
Firstly, acetylene is allocated from calcium carbide and water, and secondly, thiol molecules get attached to the acetylene molecules.
The Mexican company Scientific Advice in Water Studies (ACEA) developed an engineering process for the elimination of pests,
This technological innovation is marketed currently in Mexico and Canada by a private company (Empresa Operadora de Granos Almacenados SA de CV) through a contract and confidentiality agreement with Scientific Advice in Water
which can be dissolved in water The pomegranate is a fruit rich in antioxidants, with antihypertensive properties and is proven to help reduce levels of glucose in the blood;
The method consists in converting the natural pomegranate juice in small dust particles that can be dissolved in water.
capsules or powders that can be added to the water. We hope to get the patent later this year
and yang of the brain, directing its emotional tides and controlling whether nerve cells are excited or inhibited (calm).
or water to change shape, making the machines slow, bulky and difficult to untether. A team of researchers at the Harvard John A. Paulson School of engineering and Applied science (SEAS) has engineered a new, soft actuator that harnesses the power of instability to trigger instantaneous movement.
The research was led by Katia Bertoldi the John L. Loeb Associate professor of the Natural sciences, member of the Kavli Institute for Bionano Science and Technology,
and inflating 36 individual segments with water, and measuring how they responded. Then, using a complex computer algorithm,
For example, 1 ml. of water triggered a snap-through instability that resulted in an internal volume flow of 20 ml."
and all had access to surface water for irrigation and land. The intervention, titled Shamba Maisha, Swahili for"Farm Life,"had three components.
when submerged in water. The valleys in the surface roughness typically need to be less than one micron in width, the researchers found.
Understanding how the surfaces deflect water so well means the valuable feature could be reproduced in other materials on a mass scale, potentially saving billions of dollars in a variety of industries,
pockets of water vapor or gas accumulate in them by underwater evaporation or effervescence, just like a drop of water evaporates without having to boil it.
These gas pockets deflect water, keeping the surface dry, "he said. In a study published today (Aug 18) by the journal Scientific Reports,
Patankar and his co-authors explain and demonstrate the nanoscale mechanics behind the phenomenon of staying dry underwater.
and without the key surface roughness and submerged them in water. Samples with the nanoscale roughness remained dry for up to four months
In this work, we looked for properties that manipulate the water phase changes we know.""The researchers also report that nature uses the same strategy of surface roughness in certain aquatic insects, such as water bugs and water striders.
When submerged, water tends to cling to the top of the spikes, while air and water vapor accrue in the pores between them.
The combination of trapped air and water vapor within these cavities forms a gaseous layer that deters moisture from seeping into the surface below."
"When we looked at the rough surfaces under the microscope, we could see clearly the vacant gaps--where the protective water vapor is said,
"Patankar. Historically, scientists had understood not how to keep water vapor from succumbing to condensation within the pore,
which can cause water to wet the surface. But the Northwestern team found the molecular key:
They demonstrated that when the valleys are less than one micron in width, they can sustain the trapped air as well as vapor in their gasified states,
a cost-effective method of producing fuels using only sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide, mimicking the natural process of photosynthesis in plants
safe, integrated solar-driven system for splitting water to create hydrogen fuels.""This result was a stretch project milestone for the entire five years of JCAP as a whole,
The photoanode uses sunlight to oxidize water molecules, generating protons and electrons as well as oxygen gas.
when exposed to water, so cannot be used to directly generate fuel. A major advance that allowed the integrated system to be developed was previous work in Lewis's laboratory,
The photoanode requires a catalyst to drive the essential water-splitting reaction. Rare and expensive metals such as platinum can serve as effective catalysts,
This catalyst is among the most active known catalysts for splitting water molecules into oxygen
to create a fully integrated single material that serves as a complete solar-driven water-splitting system.
#An engineered surface unsticks sticky water droplets The lotus effect has inspired many types of liquid repelling surfaces,
but tiny water droplets stick to lotus leaf structures. Now, researchers at Penn State have developed the first nano/micro-textured highly slippery surfaces able to outperform lotus leaf-inspired liquid repellent coatings,
particularly in situations where the water is in the form of vapor or tiny droplets.
Enhancing the mobility of liquid droplets on rough surfaces has applications ranging from condensation heat transfer for heat exchangers in power plants to more efficient water harvesting in arid regions where collecting fog droplets on coated meshes provides drinking water
The sticky Wenzel state results in many problems in condensation heat transfer, water harvesting and ice removal.
#Skimming uranium from the sea Researchers developed a protein-based, genetically encodable system that can bind water-soluble uranium with exceedingly high affinity and selectivity.
This is the first known demonstration of a bacterial system used to mine ocean-based uranium that reduces the expense
The overall method developed could find broad applications in sequestration and bioremediation of water-soluble uranium and similar transuranic elements.
The oceans are estimated to contain 1, 000 times as much uranium as is buried in deposits on land,
but unfortunately, the uranium in the ocean is in the form of water-soluble uranyl (UO22)
with the added complication that seawater also contains various metal ions at high concentrations, making separating the uranium extremely complex.
This protein can repeatedly sequester 30 to 60%of the uranyl in synthetic sea water and thus provides a much needed advance in the isolation of uranyl from seawater.
U s. Department of energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic energy Sciences, Chemical sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences Division, Heavy Element Chemistry Program under contract number DE-FG02-07er15865 to C. H
#Super water-repellant coatings can now take the pressure Conventional superhydrophobic coatings that repel liquids by trapping air inside microscopic surface pockets tend to lose their properties
In this work, extremely water-repellant or superhydrophobic surfaces were fabricated that can withstand pressures that are 10 times greater than the average pressure a surface would experience resting in a room.
Pollock has competed in ultra-endurance races across deserts, mountains and the polar ice caps. He also won silver and bronze medals in rowing at the Commonwealth Games and launched a motivational speaking business."
He adds that CSHL has collaborations with many hospitals, notably Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center and the North Shore-LIJ Health System,
a type of solar power based on the ability of plants to transform sunlight, carbon dioxide and water into sugars.
especially the catalysts that convert water and carbon dioxide into sugars at room temperatures.""This is not about mimicking nature directly
a type of solar power based on the ability of plants to transform sunlight, carbon dioxide and water into sugars.
especially the catalysts that convert water and carbon dioxide into sugars at room temperatures.""This is not about mimicking nature directly
To achieve this, the researchers reacted glycerol with water, to provide the element hydrogen, and a magnesium oxide (Mgo) catalyst.
and water over such a simple catalyst gave such valuable products and interesting chemistry.""This research has the potential to transform the way in
and Applied sciences (SEAS)--and his team published their findings in the September 14 issue of Nature Materials.
"Key to the method developed by Mooney's team is the combination of two water-filled hydrogels with very different properties.
makes water more efficient for cleaning by creating tiny bubbles which automatically scrub surfaces. The device supplies a gentle stream of water through a nozzle that generates ultrasound and bubbles,
which dramatically improve the cleaning power of water reducing the need for additives and heating.
Using just cold water, Starstream was able to remove biological contamination, including brain tissue from surgical steel. Cleaning instruments between patients is critical to avoid transmission of agents leading to conditions such as Creutzfeldt-jakob disease.
It was also able to remove bacterial biofilms that typically cause dental disease and was effective at removing soft tissue from bones,
Our highly-effective cleaning device, achieved with cold water and without the need for chemical additives or the high power consumption associated with conventional strategies,
#Tiny magnets mimic steam, water and ice Researchers at the Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI) created a synthetic material out of 1 billion tiny magnets.
just like water has a gaseous, liquid and a solid state. This material made of nanomagnets might well be refined for electronic applications of the future--such as for more efficient information transfer.
the so-called metamaterial exhibits phase transitions, much like those between steam, water and ice. This effect was observed by a team of researchers headed by Laura Heyderman from PSI."
The long-range order of water molecules increases in a similar way at the moment when water freezes into ice.""We were fascinated by the fact that our synthetic material displayed this everyday phenomenon of a phase transition,
The research was led by Jennifer A. Lewis, the Hansjörg Wyss Professor of Biologically Inspired Engineering at the Harvard John A. Paulson School of engineering and Applied sciences (SEAS) and a Core Faculty member at the Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering
And this paper is just the tip of the iceberg
#Viruses join fight against harmful bacteria In the hunt for new ways to kill harmful bacteria,
The cooling comes from simple deionized water flowing through microfluidic passages that replace the massive air-cooled heat sinks normally placed on the backs of chips."
and ports were attached for the connection of water tubes. In multiple tests--including a demonstration for DARPA officials in Arlington,
With a water inlet temperature of approximately 20 degrees Celsius and an inlet flow rate of 147 milliliters per minute
or ions in solution, are surrounded by a shell of water molecules that stick to the ion,
and other electrically conducting materials to be added to conventional water-based inks and printed using typical commercial equipment,
which is added to conductive water-based ink formulations. The ratio of the ingredients can be adjusted to control the liquid's properties,
allowing the carrier solvent to be mixed easily into a conventional conductive water-based ink to significantly reduce the resistance.
#Bacterium capable of aquifer decontamination characterized, cultivated for first time in Europe UAB researchers have identified in the Besòs river estuary (Barcelona, Spain) a bacterium of the genus Dehalogenimonas,
such as the Arctic ocean, the Baltic sea, Canada, China, Germany, Hungary, Spain, Taiwan and the USA. These bacteria can only use organochlorine compounds as an energy source during their respiration process,
From River Besòs sediments, after three years'research, the researchers have obtained a stable bacterial culture
and reach subterranean waters by accident or as a result of improper waste disposal. Once in the aquifers, they can build up for years because of their low biodegradability,
Researchers at the Harvard John A. Paulson School of engineering and Applied sciences (SEAS) have done just that, designing the first on-chip metamaterial with a refractive index of zero,
When light passes through water, for example, its phase velocity is reduced as its wavelengths get squished together.
Once it exits the water, its phase velocity increases again as its wavelength elongates. How much the crests of a light wave slow down in a material is expressed as a ratio called the refraction index--the higher the index,
Water, for example, has a refraction index of about 1. 3 . When the refraction index is reduced to zero,
like an ice cube does to water. Next, the crystal drug is placed into a fat and protein coat, similar to
The compound is repelled by water at neutral ph which allows it to easily diffuse through cellular and nuclear membranes,
eukaryotes, which include all plants and animals; bacteria; and archaea, single-celled microorganisms with their own distinct features.
The team gathered water samples from a research site on the Colorado river near the town of Rifle
Before doing any sequencing, they passed the water through a pair of increasingly fine filtersith pores 0. 2 and 0. 1 microns wide
like the one from the water samples in Rifle, scientists use substances called primers to draw out
archaea and eukaryotes. here will always be novel stuff that will teach us foundational info about how life operates. r
#"Drinkable book"turns dirty water clean for a thirsty world A group of researchers from the US,
and purify water. During her Phd at Mcgill University, Dankovich successfully created a page made from cellulose,
One page could theoretically filter one person water for up to four years Dankovich says. Stuart Kahn from the University of New south wales, Australia, who was involved not in the research,
and the water is safe to drink. ny efforts to provide clean safe drinking water to communities for which it is lacking,
#Saltwater lamp could replace dangerous kerosene lights The majority of inhabitants on the Philippines7000 islands do not have access to electricity.
safe light source powered by salt and water, which can last for up to six months when used for eight hours a day.
Users simply add one glass of water and one tablespoon of salt saltwater from the ocean can also be used to power the device.
SALT IS the latest of a number of devices which could help lessen the reliance on kerosene power in disconnected regions.
and resistant to oil, gasoline and glycol in the cooling water. It must also demonstrate good adherence to the metal inserts
nmanned systems in the air and water will employ greater autonomy and be integrated fully with their manned counterparts. a
which plants use the energy in sunlight to synthesize carbohydrates from carbon dioxide and water. However
this new artificial photosynthetic system synthesizes the combination of carbon dioxide and water into acetate, the most common building block today for biosynthesis. e believe our system is a revolutionary leap forward in the field of artificial photosynthesis,
and combined with water for the synthesis of molecular products that form biomass, says Chris Chang, an expert in catalysts for carbon-neutral energy conversions. n our system,
and combined with water for the synthesis of a variety of targeted, value-added chemical products.
while the photo-generated holes in the titanium oxide split water molecules to make oxygen. Once the forest of nanowire arrays is established,
says Michelle Chang. e were able to uniformly populate our nanowire array with S. ovata using buffered brackish water with trace vitamins as the only organic component.
and Herold may be just the tip of the iceberg. With this more powerful tool for analyzing cells,
or water resistance. his is like going from building boats only out of wood, to the ability to build boats out of almost any kind of material,
NRL is also looking at spinel for the windows on lasers operating in maritime and other hostile environments. e got to worry about wave slap and saltwater and things like that,
This light bounces off air molecules and small particles such as dust, ice and droplets of water in the atmosphere.
Contributing to the devastation was the fact that Kathmandu lies in a basin filled with about 2000 feet of sediments from a former lake.
Left alone in a fluid the beads drift with currents, like sticks in a river.
In a still bath the beads follow wavering trajectories as the thermal motion of water molecules buffets them from all sides.
The daily vertical migration of marine plankton toward sunlight, is one example, and it the way many microbes find food. f you can design particles that can feel their environment
and the inner wall of the Target Bay has created unique design, logistic and engineering challenges.
The sensors, on the other hand, have to be resistant to water and detergent. he first washability tests are in planning,
and monitor pockets of the ocean to track the health of fisheries, and survey marine habitats and species. In general, such robots are effective at carrying out low-level tasks,
such as staying a certain distance above the seafloor. Using the system devised by the MIT team,
along with groups from Woods hole oceanographic institution, the Australian Center for Field Robotics, the University of Rhode island, and elsewhere, tested several classes of AUVS,
and their ability to work cooperatively to map the ocean environment. The MIT researchers tested their system on an autonomous underwater glider,
and principal developer of the mission-planning system. ith this system, we were showing we could safely zigzag all the way around the reef,
Autonomy in the sea The system is similar to one that Williams developed for NASA following the loss of the Mars Observer, a spacecraft that, days before its scheduled insertion into Marsorbit in 1993,
Williams says. his was a chance to do the same thing under the sea. By giving robots control of higher-level decision-making
freeing the vehicles to explore more remote recesses of the sea. f you look at the ocean right now,
Williams says. ou could send sea vessels which send one autonomous vehicle, but that doesn show you a lot.
This technology can offer a whole new way to observe the ocean, which is exciting
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