electrical engineering

Electrical engineering

Adapter (40)
Anode (195)
Cathode (146)
Dielectric material (55)
Direct current (16)
Electric arc (8)
Electric current (81)
Electric field (150)
Electrical circuit (30)
Electrical conduction (5)
Electrical conductivity (75)
Electrical engineering (270)
Electrical insulator (6)
Electrification (8)
Electroluminescence (23)
Electromagnetism (22)
Mechatronics (6)
Photoelectric effect (14)
Resistor (17)
Resonator (92)
Signal processing (27)
Superconductivity (224)

all you need is two metals an anode, which is the negative electrode, such as zinc,

and a cathode, the positively charged electrode, such as copper. The acid inside the potato forms a chemical reaction with the zinc and copper,

In 1917 Harold Arnold and IB Crandall of the American Telephone and Telegraph Company and Western electric Company showed that they could create sound by simultaneously passing alternating and direct currents through a very thin platinum foil.

heavy electromagnets used to excite vibrations in conventional speakers, or indeed without moving parts at all.

an MIT professor of electrical engineering and computer science (EECS), in 2009. His team used that earlier version to fuse adult cells with embryonic stem cells,

The device was developed by team led by Aydogan Ozcan, a professor of electrical engineering and bioengineering at the Henry Samueli School of engineering and Applied science and director of the California Nanosystems Institute."

Engineers are exploring the use of 3-D printing to lay down conductive materials for electrical circuits,

and dielectrics needed for printed electronics. They can even lay down carbon nanotubes, tiny structures made of linked carbon atoms,

The algorithms are used then with advanced signal processing techniques to reduce the amount of data that has to be sent for a given monitoring application.

forming electrical circuits. Until now, these icrochannelshave been engraved mechanically, using a sharp stylus. The primary focus of the ALPINE project was to pioneer the use of new fibre laser technology to do this engraving

"We found an adaptor, or bridging molecule, which fits to an old protein and a new one.

with#391,661 In commission backing and had a particular focus on steel production in electric arc furnaces (EAF). High-strength steel alloys are particularly interesting for carmakers,

mass production of high-manganese steel grades is possible using either the blast furnace-basic oxygen converter route or the electric arc furnace route.

on the back of PROMS and EAF-PROMS, the projectsindustrial partner, Salzgitter AG steel group, decided to build the world first line for production of high-manganese steel grades based on the electric arc furnace route.

"We think this will enable researchers to develop a new generation of tiny implants designed for a wide array of medical applications"says Amin Arbabian assistant professor of electrical engineering at Stanford university.

and Girish Kulkarni, a doctoral candidate in electrical engineering. The device is faster, smaller, and more reliable than its counterparts,

They then used an electric field to pull out the fat layer that had been dissolved in an electrically charged detergent

The electric field aspect was a challenge for some labs. bout half the people who tried it got it working right away,

professor of electrical engineering at University of Washington. e have shown this is possible in principle. If you can fit this sensor device into an intraocular lens implant during cataract surgery

The researchers, including Brian Otis, associate professor of electrical engineering and also of Google Inc, . and former doctoral students Cagdas Varel and Yi-Chun Shih, have filed patents on the pressure-monitoring device prototype l

a graduate student in computer and electrical engineering at Duke university. ee trying to transfer the knowledge of the relatively few autism experts available into classrooms and homes across the country.

says Ada Poon, assistant professor of electrical engineering at Stanford university. The central discovery is an engineering breakthrough that creates a new type of wireless power transfersing roughly the same power as a cell phonehat can safely penetrate deep inside the body.

Speech and Signal processing in Italy, and published details simultaneously in the conference proceedings. The National institute of mental health funded the study t

and estimated the intensity of light in the two resonators and surprisingly found an initial decrease in total intensity of the two resonators followed by an increase

and finally a rebirth of strong light intensity as the loss was increased. he loss added beyond a critical value increased the total light intensity and its distribution between the resonatorssays Bo Peng a graduate student.

The experimental system that the researchers used consists of two tiny directly coupled silica microtoroid (doughnut-shaped) resonators each coupled to a different fiber-taper coupler that aids in guiding light from a laser diode to photodetectors;

so that light can between the fibers and the resonators. Yang says the concept will work in any coupled physical system.

whose position within the evanescent field (leaked-out light) of one of the resonator was controlled by a nanopositioner that operates at a minuscule 20-nanometer resolution. hromium is used

Another nanopositioner controls the coupling strength between the resonators by tuning their distance. The loss-gain phenomenon occurs near a feature called the exceptional point

and results in recent physics studies. hen we steer the system through the exceptional point the symmetric distribution of the fields between two resonators become asymmetricozdemir says. symmetric distribution leads to field localization increasing the light intensity in one

of the resonators in this case the resonator with less loss. s a result all nonlinear processes

says study leader Alan Willner, electrical engineering professor at the USC Viterbi School of engineering. Faster data transmission rates have been led achievedillner himself a team two years ago that twisted light beams to transmit data at a blistering 2. 56 terabits per secondut methods to do so rely on light to carry the data. he advantage

and the linked-together smart gadgets envisioned in the nternet of Things. he next exponential growth in connectivity will be connecting objects together and giving us remote control through the websays Amin Arbabian an assistant professor of electrical engineering at Stanford university who recently demonstrated this ant

which could provide another source of energy for certain applicationssays Shwetak Patel associate professor of computer science and engineering and of electrical engineering at the University of Washington.

and doctoral student in electrical engineering. e provide a simple design that includes some 3d printed and off-the-shelf components.

This color filtering is done commonly using off-chip dielectric or dye color filters which degrade under exposure to sunlight

The battery sends an electric current through two electrodes that split liquid water into hydrogen and oxygen gas.

Laser pulses generated coherent bursts of terahertz radiation through a built-in surface electric field of the indium phosphide substrate that changed due to charge transfer between the graphene and the contaminating molecules.

The foams are made by depositing copper on a surface in the presence of hydrogen and a strong electric current.

Fan is developing the sensor with Zhaohui Zhong an associate professor of electrical and computer engineering and Girish Kulkarni a doctoral candidate in electrical engineering.

if you re looking for specific patterns you can find it among all the other Wi-fi reflections in an environmentsays coauthor Joshua Smith an associate professor of computer science and engineering and of electrical engineering.

How carbyne is attached to electrodes also matters Artyukhov says. ifferent bond connectivity patterns can affect the metallic/dielectric state balance

which requires huge amounts of energy to maintain a magnetic field with electromagnets, the new method for enriching stable isotopes, called MAGIS (magnetically activated and guided isotope separation), needs little energy due to its use of low-powered lasers and permanent magnets.

For instance, removing oxygen from the graphene oxide fiber results in a fiber with high electrical conductivity. Adding silver nanorods to the graphene film would increase the conductivity to the same as copper,

The classical theory of electromagnetism provides a good understanding of inputs and outputs of this process but a microscopic quantum mechanical description of how the light excites the electrons is lacking.

Though ultrasound detectors existncluding those used in medical imaginghe researchers made their own sensitive one in the form of a microscopic plastic ring known as a microring resonator.

The researchers led by Suman Datta professor of electrical engineering tuned the material composition of the indium gallium arsenide/gallium arsenide antimony

Band gaps determine how a semiconducting material carries an electric current. In quantum dots microscopic discs of atom-thick graphene oxide band gaps are responsible for their fluorescence

Their paper appears in Physical Review X. e ve taken an electrical engineering approach but that s

And it s an important first step in advancing wireless signal processing and designing ultrathin efficient cell phones. ur devices are much smaller than any other sources of radio signals

While graphene NEMS will not be used to replace conventional radio transmitters they have many applications in wireless signal processing. ue to the continuous shrinking of electrical circuits known as Moore s Law today s cell phones have more computing

and processing radio-frequency signals are much harder to miniaturizesays project co-leader Kenneth Shepard an electrical engineering professor. hese off-chip components take up a lot of space and electrical power.

This flow of electrons is electric current. But to establish a consistent direction of their movement

it s as big a leap going from film to semiconductors as it is going from semiconductors to these superconductors.

through near-IR using Microwave Kinetic Inductance Detectors (MKIDS. An MKID is a type of superconducting photon detector;

Superconductivity is a quantum phenomenon that occurs as certain materials are cooled to near absolute zero thereby eliminating all electrical resistance and magnetic fields.

The device wirelessly converts the microwave signal to direct current voltage capable of recharging a cell phone battery or other small electronic device according to a report appearing in Applied Physics Letters.

Undergraduate engineering student Allen Hawkes working with graduate student Alexander Katko and lead investigator Steven Cummer professor of electrical and computer engineering designed an electrical circuit capable of harvesting microwaves.

and the yolk-shell structure of eggs can improve the durability and performance of lithium-sulfur battery cathodes report researchers.

which is when the polysulfide chains in the battery s cathode (positive end) dissolve in the electrolyte the ionizing liquid that allows electrons to flow.

to make lithium-sulfur cathodes by synthesizing a nanocomposite consisting of sulfur coated with a common inexpensive conductive polymer called polyaniline and

what is perhaps the world s best material for tunable capacitors broadly called a tunable dielectric a special insulator

The new type of tunable dielectric could greatly improve the performance of microwave circuit capacitors found in every cell phone

The tunable dielectric and its properties were envisioned first on paper tested on the computer created in the lab atom by atom patterned into a capacitor device

By comparison today's commercially used tunable dielectric material is layered not a material and contains barium in addition to strontium oxygen and proprietary additives.

and how to push its performance even further. t is clear that we have discovered a killer materialschlom says ut it is likely that even better tunable dielectrics can be found using our approach. he Army Research Office

(1400 C). his is a record performance in terms of thermal stability and a major advance for the field of thermophotovoltaicssays Shanhui Fan a professor of electrical engineering at Stanford university.

and analyze data from our oceans in real timesays Tommaso Melodia associate professor of electrical engineering at the University at Buffalo

and then use DNA to build the molecules that realize the desired dynamicssays corresponding author Georg Seelig am assistant professor of electrical engineering

in optical resonators the pitch corresponds to the color or wavelength of the lightsays Kerry Vahala professor of information science and technology and applied physics at the California Institute of technology (Caltech.

and his colleagues transferred this concept to their optical resonator focusing on the optical quality factor and other elements that affect frequency stability.

The researchers were able to stabilize the light s frequency by developing a silica glass chip resonator with a specially designed path for the photons in the shape of

Because the new resonator has a longer path the energy changes are diluted so the power surges are dampenedâ##greatly improving the consistency

and quality of the resonator s reference signal which in turn improves the quality of the electronic or optical device.

In the new design photons are applied to an outer ring of the spiraled resonator with a tiny light-dispensing optic fiber;

In combination with the resonator a special guide for the light was used losing 100 times less energy than the average chip-based device.

and electronics. urrently electronics perform signal processing while photonics rule in transporting information from one place to another over fiber-optic cable.

The achievement is reported in an article on the cover of the journal Nature. eople have been talking about a new era of carbon nanotube electronics moving beyond siliconsays Subhasish Mitra an electrical engineer

Professor Giovanni De Micheli director of the Institute of Electrical engineering at Ã#cole Polytechnique FÃ dã rale de Lausanne in Switzerland highlighted two key contributions the Stanford

But smaller faster and cheaper has meant also smaller faster and hotter. nergy dissipation of silicon-based systems has been a major concernsays Anantha Chandrakasan head of electrical engineering and computer science at MIT and a world

The separator keeps the electrolyte on the anode and cathode sides of a traditional battery apart

while allowing ions to pass through). ur innovation has been to identify an unconventional electrolyte/separator system that remains stable at high temperatures,

says Changhuei Yang, professor of electrical engineering, bioengineering and medical engineering at the California Institute of technology (Caltech).

#Graphene ribbons improve lithium ion batteries Anodes for lithium ion batteries built with ribbons of graphene perform better, tests show.

After 50 charge-discharge cycles, the proof-of-concept units retained a capacity that was still more than double that of the graphite currently used for LI battery anodes.

and now it s time we think about how to put these lasers into practice#says physicist Na Young Kim a member of the Stanford university team which was led by Yoshihisa Yamamoto professor of electrical engineering and of applied physics.#

The research published in Nature explains how the cyclical nature of these large-scale magnetic fields emerges providing a solution to the mathematical equations governing fluids and electromagnetism for a large astrophysical body.

when applied to objects with high electrical conductivity. The mechanism takes into account the#shear#effect of mass movement of the ionised gas known as plasma

as well as humidity and electrical conductivity probes that are buried beneath the soil. Using their smartphone, a farmer can access their network of FLOW-AIDS over the internet,

which can take more charge than materials currently used in cathodes but become unstable after a few charge/discharge cycles because of their crystalline structure.

Bettinger studied this possibility by using the melanin of a cuttlefish to create an anode for an edible battery.

says#Srdjan Lukic, an assistant professor of electrical engineering at NCSU. Wireless charging through magnetic induction##the same type typically used for electric toothbrushes##is being pursued by a number of companies for consumer electronics and electric vehicles.

and has spun out a company called Wireless Advanced Vehicle Electrification#to build commercial products. With the Utah system a bus could charge from coils placed under the road surface where passengers load or at traffic lights.

Plug a resonator into a wall outlet, and a device installed on a cellphone or an electric car receives the power

and UW associate professor of computer science and engineering and electrical engineering, says that although the signals are tiny

which store and release oxygen from chemicals contained in a liquied or solid cathode. An air battery doesn need t to replace

or recharge its cathode. And an air battery is far lighter. The combination means significantly more power for a longer period of time.

The second paper presents designs that show how to build electrical components (such as resistors, inductors, capacitors, sensors and actuators) with self-folding laser-cut materials.

The year-old company uses carbon for both the anode and the cathode portion of the battery and hopes to start producing it later this year.

A battery is made up of an anode on one side and a cathode on the other, with an electrolyte in between.

In a lithium ion battery lithium ions travel from the anode to the cathode through the electrolyte, creating a chemical reaction that allows electrons to be harvested along the way.

While lithium ion batteries are the dominant batteries these days for laptops, cell phones and early electric cars,

An all-carbon battery A battery that uses carbon for both the anode and the cathode could be safer than a lithium ion battery

and software sectors theye brought on Japanese battery cathode expert Kaname Takeya, who developed the cathode tech used today in the Toyota prius

and the Tesla Model S. Takeya splits his time between San francisco and Japan and is the company CTO and CEO of its U s. operations.

She prints intricately shaped objects from he ground up, precisely adding materials that are useful for their mechanical properties, electrical conductivity,

an electrical engineer, has developed the Speedy Shop, a large vending machine that sells a variety of items like toiletries, groceries like milk and eggs, kitchen items, pet food, and more.

and TVS by attaching resonator coils to batteries and an electric car refueller is reportedly in the works.

#Mellanox Shows Record Performance with Connectx-4 100gb/s Interconnect Adapters Today Mellanox announced world-record performance on its Connectx-4 EDR 100gb/s Infiniband adapters.

Connectx-4 is the highest performing adapter for the HPC, Web 2. 0, cloud, machine learning, storage and enterprise applications.

Connectx-4 adapters provide the means to increase data center return on investment while reducing IT costs. Connectx-4 has already been selected to power CORAL (Collaboration of Oak ridge,

Connectx-4 adapters are sampling today with select customers. With Connectx-4 Mellanox offers a complete end-to-end EDR 100gb/s Infiniband solution,

It is powered a hi Ultrasonic self-cleaning transmitter that is not affected by conductivity and dielectric of the solution.

Kwabena Boahen, an electrical engineer at Stanford who led the development of the Neurogrid system, called the IBM chip"a very impressive achievement."(

and electrical engineers at the Massachusetts institute of technology (MIT) and Harvard university, could change the field of robotics. Researchers say the self-assembling robot represents a new way to build bots,

a professor of electrical engineering and computer science at MIT who also worked on the self-assembling robot."

Timothy Lu, an assistant professor of electrical engineering and biological engineering.""It an interesting way of thinking about materials synthesis,

Second, they manufactured an"artificial atom"using a silicon resistor. Taken together, the two methods improved the reliability of data retention from just 50 percent to over 99 percent

and the moving electron,"said Claire Gmachl, professor of electrical engineering at Princeton.""The double quantum dot allows them full control over the motion of even a single electron,

A transistor acts like a switch in an electrical circuit: a voltage at the transistor s gate terminal allows current to flow through a semiconductor inside the device.

But since the fictional device only works over land, it may have lifted off the ground by electromagnets,

or electromagnets, that create a magnetic charge when placed over a copper surface. Copper is an inductive material that creates a strong,

Secondly, the particles can be triggered by an outside magnetic field to produce an electric field when adjacent to individual neurons.

That electric field, researchers say, should be able to communicate directly with the brain electric field. hen MENS are exposed to even an extremely low frequency magnetic field,

they generate their own local electric field at the same frequency, lead researcher Sakhrat Khizroev told New Scientist. n turn,

the electric field can directly couple to the electric circuitry of the neural network. he nanoparticles could be used to deliver drugs to specific parts of the brain.

In fact, the team research has demonstrated already that anti-HIV and anticancer drugs could be delivered and released in this way.

When hit with an electric charge, this special RF-C glows because of an electroluminescent paint. Which means that the faster you drive

who has developed a different technique for weighing single living cells by sticking them onto a tiny resonator

or cathode, where oxygen molecules pick up extra electrons. These oxygen ions then travel through the membrane to the positively charged anode.

There, they react with molecules in the fuel generating water, carbon dioxide, and electricity. The electricity is fed through a circuit where it powers our devices,

and then is returned to the anode. As long fuel as is fed in, the SOFC continues pumping out electricity.

and even work at lower temperatures around 600°C. Unlike conventional SOFCS the BZY membranes allow the flow not of negatively charged oxygen ions toward the anode,

but positively charged hydrogen ions, the opposite way, toward the cathode. But theye never matched the power output of the oxygen conducting SOFCS.

Theory had suggested that an extra-strong electric field from the sun can rip plasma away from the plasmasphere during reconnection triggering a plume.

When a small electric field is applied these pools morph into cones, which amplify the electric field so that it is strong enough to pull away ions in a steady beam (see below).

The process is self-sustaining. Fresh liquid gets sucked onto the chip when ions are emitted, just as tree roots suck in water

The result is an array of between 500 and 5000 focussed ion beams that stream from each of the eight chips on the Cubesat when the electric field the strength

Coe-Sullivan, then a Phd student in electrical engineering and computer science, was working with Bulovic and students of Moungi Bawendi, the Lester Wolfe Professor in Chemistry,

William Hewlett who earned an SM degree in electrical engineering from MIT in 1936 was cofounder with David Packard of the Hewlett-packard Company a multinational information technology company y

You can store very long-term information says Timothy Lu an associate professor of electrical engineering and computer science and biological engineering.

Behind Keystone Smith, who studied mechanical engineering and electrical engineering and computer science at MIT, conceived of a tapered spiral-welding process

and a former associate professor of electrical engineering and computer science who co-invented the technology. That turns out to be the key to keeping the efficiency very high.

Backed by millions in funding Eta Devices co-founded by David Perreault an MIT professor of electrical engineering

Melanie Gonick/MIT The ability to manipulate the particles with electromagnets is key to using them in biological research Bawendi explains:

because it gives you the ability to do highly predictive designs with unique targeting capabilities says senior author Mehmet Fatih Yanik an associate professor of electrical engineering and computer science and biological engineering.

The material is a two-dimensional metallic dielectric photonic crystal and has the additional benefits of absorbing sunlight from a wide range of angles

which then causes the material to glow emitting light that can in turn be converted to an electric current.

No one had tried putting a dielectric material inside so we tried that and saw some interesting properties.

and electrical engineering and computer science the researchers described their findings in the Sept. 21 issue of Nature Biotechnology.

Transactions on Mechatronics. While skintight spacesuits have been proposed in the past there s been one persistent design hurdle: how to squeeze in and out of a pressurized suit that s engineered to be extremely tight.

Kim says what makes the robot so dynamic is designed a custom high-torque-density electric motor designed by Jeffrey Lang the Vitesse Professor of Electrical engineering at MIT.

when Downey, who studied electrical engineering and computer science, organized an MIT student team including Airware chief technology officer, Buddy Michini 7, SM 9,

This technique could offer a more reliable way to detect malaria says Jongyoon Han a professor of electrical engineering and biological engineering at MIT.

and requires less blood sample as compared to the standard blood-smear protocol says Donhee Ham a professor of electrical engineering at Harvard university who was not part of the research team.

and Erna Viterbi Professor of Electrical engineering and Computer science at MIT and one of the Science paper s co-authors.

This is the first time where they ve self-folded such a complicated robotic structure says Ronald Fearing a professor of electrical engineering

a graduate student in electrical engineering and computer science at MIT and first author on the new paper. he motion of this vibration creates a very subtle visual signal that usually invisible to the naked eye.

says Alexei Efros, an associate professor of electrical engineering and computer science at the University of California at Berkeley. ee scientists,

MIT postdoc Seyed Mahmoudi a co-author of the paper notes that electric fields cannot penetrate into conductive fluids such as biological fluids so conventional systems wouldn t be able to manipulate them.

But with this system he says electrical conductivity is not important. In addition this approach gives a great deal of control over how material moves.

While this initial demonstration used a magnetic fluid the team says the same principle could be applied using other forces to manipulate the material such as electric fields or differences in temperature.

If the graphene sheet starts out with low electron concentration the pulse increases the material s electrical conductivity.

and measured the change of electrical conduction by assessing the transmission of a second low-frequency light pulse.

one to modify the material and one to measure the electrical conduction. Gedik says that the pulses used to measure the conduction are much lower frequency than the pulses used to modify the material behavior.

Our experiment reveals that the cause of photoconductivity in graphene is very different from that in a normal metal or semiconductors,

The research team also included Jing Kong the ITT Career development Associate professor of Electrical engineering at MIT who provided the graphene samples used for the experiments;

and Samuel Wang a software engineer at Foursquare who was a graduate student in the Department of Electrical engineering

these molecules, found in the bacteria Haloarcula marismortui and Haloarcula vallismortis, did not induce a strong enough photocurrent an electric current in response to light to be useful in controlling neuron activity.

For years, Li-Shiuan Peh, the Singapore Research Professor of Electrical engineering and Computer science at MIT, has argued that the massively multicore chips of the future will need to resemble little Internets,

says Bhavya Daya, an MIT graduate student in electrical engineering and computer science, and first author on the new paper. ou can also have multiple paths to your destination.

a professor of electrical engineering and computer science at the University of Michigan. heir contribution is an interesting one: