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He would stage zero-gravity simulation training by sticking aspiring astronauts into a steel barrel
In one of these labs, called ector 7 Dr Christopher Powell, an engine research scientist at Argonne, stands amid a jumble of stainless steel machinery, coloured tubes, wires,
The high energy X-rays Powell uses in the experiment exit the particle accelerator through a hatch before travelling along a steel pipe,
It is actually a very close up X-ray of the tip of a fuel injector, taken through the injector's steel body.
sensor is a measuring device that has electronic components inside a stainless steel container. It has a tiny opening through
which are made from steel, can be particularly susceptible to cracks from thermal fatigue and stress corrosion.
and Steel (RFCS) has striven to extend existing combustion modelling capabilities to oxy fuel combustion conditions. This should lead to preparation
#PROMS and EAF-PROMS#The promise of stronger lighter greener steel Steel is synonymous with strength:
researchers have forged a steel that hits all those marks: an ultra-strong alloy with deformation properties can be manufactured with improved energy efficiency, offering a huge industrial potential.
The two EU projects, PROMS and EAF-PROMS, looked at ways of producing novel ultra strong steel grades with high manganese content.
A PROM ran from 2003 to 2006, and was backed by#560,693 from the European commission. Its follow-up, EAF-PROMS ran from 2006 to 2008,
High-strength steel alloys are particularly interesting for carmakers, allowing them to reduce car weights through thinner sheets.
lighter, fuel efficient vehicles mean less overall steel use and ultimately less fuel consumption (by some estimates, up to 0. 2 litres per 100 km) and carbon emissions.
There are other areas where these ultra-strong steels could be used, like high temperature energy production, where they resist oxidation
and corrosion while maintaining ductility. here is a whole range of industrial applications where these high strength steels could be used,
Manganese is crucial for the alloy, increasing depth of hardening and improving strength and toughness by up to three times.
While most steels contain up to 1. 2%manganese (and much smaller amounts of silicon nickel, chromium, aluminium, molybdenum and copper), manganese steel alloys have around 13%manganese.
However these projects looked at manganese proportions of between 10 and 25%.%But producing such high-manganese steels is tricky
and requires a delicate balance of other elements to ensure the final alloys retains its qualities.
Spitzer, a process metallurgy professor at the Clausthal University of Technology in the German town of Clausthal-Zellerfeld, says the key challenge was to develop a production process that brought all the elements together. his high strength steel cannot be cast by conventional continuous casting,
on the back of PROMS and EAF-PROMS, the projectsindustrial partner, Salzgitter AG steel group, decided to build the world first line for production of high-manganese steel grades based on the electric arc furnace route.
The hot steel can then be deformed by successive sets of rolls to achieve the desired final size and shape.
and Steel (RFCS) project that greatly enhanced reheating furnace operation, maintenance and product quality by improved diagnostics as well as better monitoring
which was coordinated by European steel producer Tata Steel, had partners in Spain, Germany, Sweden and the United kingdom. In total,
and furnace diagnostic system utilising process databases to furnish statistical and physical models"said project coordinator, Graham Andrews of Tata Steel.
The knowledge acquired in the project can be shared easily with the entire reheating furnace area of the European steel sector."
By combining steel and concrete in prefabricated composite structures with reinforced concrete slabs, the European union (EU)- funded Preco-Beam project found a way to shave months off construction times
"is the way the steel connects to concrete, by a structure known as the composite dowel."
"Previously, connectors were headed studs (a kind of large nail with flattened end) made of steel.""But using headed studs has disadvantages,
"Our technology results in great savings of steel and thus leads to significant cost reduction.
which connects steel and concrete: namely an I-section which can be divided into two steel T-beams by one simple cut."
"Through this new system we can make much slenderer bridges than was previously possible, which require 40 percent less steel,
"Seidl says proudly of the project's achievements.""Prefabricating the parts in a controlled workshop not only improves their quality,
Yet, as European steel became less competitive compared to China's market, an innovative construction solution requiring less steel was needed.
In order to meet this challenge, the Preco-Beam consortium brought together seven partners from France, Poland, Germany, Sweden, Belgium and Luxembourg."
The project has been an important achievement for Europe as well as it may increase the value of EU steel market shares,
"The conventional production systems referred to by Professor Ma use sophisticated stainless steel fermentation vats containing bacteria or mammalian cells.
but instead of printing with plastics, it deploys edible ingredients squeezed out of stainless steel capsules:""It's the same technology,
That structure can then be coated with a thin layer of just about any kind of material#a metal an alloy a glass a semiconductor etc.
#This smartphone case is 3x harder than steel Yale university Posted by Jim Shelton-Yale on September 5 2014a new smartphone case is lightweight thin harder than steel
He and his team produce the cases by blow-molding BMG sheets into brass molds to precise specifications.
in order to achieve the goal of pouring sugar into a stainless steel vat of bioengineered yeast and skimming off specific opioids at the end of the process.
#Renewable cellulose crystals are as stiff as steel The same tiny cellulose crystals that give trees
which is comparable to steel says Pablo D. Zavattieri a Purdue University assistant professor of civil engineering. his is a material that is showing really amazing propertieshe says. t is abundant renewable and produced as waste in the paper industry. indings
and steel with similar results. hat's amazing is that these layers are ultra thin
Then they uniformly coated that polymer lattice with thin layers of the ceramic material titanium nitride (Tin)
and is used commonly in muds for oil drilling, in modern construction, in medical applications and as a binder by iron and steel foundries.
#In an era of light-weighting for energy and emissions reductions there is a great demand for magnesium alloys in everything from portable electronics to air
The arsenic effect we discovered is now being trialed as a functional additive to existing commercial alloys.#
Local and state seizures without federal participation amounted to 57 percent of the dollar value of the seized items under Equitable Sharing since 2008$3 billion out of $5. 3 billon.
is the alloy of gallium and indium that the scientists discovered. It s printable at room temperature,
##Copper, Bronze, Steel, Silver & Gold.**Refine our high-pressure extruder design. We currently have a reliable extrusion trace at around 0. 5mm
The 3d-printed metal gun was constructed using a laser sintering process capable of shaping tougher metals like stainless steel.
Today steel pipes will soon be replaced with tomorrow air pipes, and we will forget what life was like
A key example was steel minimills such as Nucor. Originally, they could only produce the lowest quality steel
and weren seen as a serious threat to the big integrated mills. Nevertheless, as the technology improved
Even manufacturers using an advanced version of the technology known as additive manufacturing typically have expanded the material palette only to a few types of metal alloys.
#New 3d printed materials lighter than water and as strong as steel A Nanoscribe 3d printer can print models of the Empire state building in a space the width of a human hair using precision lasers.
believe such 3d printers may help craft a new generation of materials lighter than water and strong as steel.
it would floatand as strong as some steel alloys. See video of their experimentation at the bottom.
with flange mounting options and a colour display controller mounted in a stainless steel enclosure. They can measure all types of Flotation Cell,
Researchers have figured out how to use ordinary kitchen blenders to create thin sheets of graphene, a marvelous high-tech material that is just one atom thick but 100 times stronger than steel.
or increase the column spacing and they'll know immediately how much more or less steel and concrete might be needed and its impact on cost.
I am in awe of a system that can not only quantify steel and concrete costs but that now can also produce real data on social value pollution health and yes even happiness a
says Alistair Steel, executive director of the Brussels-based industry group Euro Chlor. Traditionally, chlorine production has used a mercury electrode in the electrolysis of sodium chloride,
but is used in everything from stainless steel to rechargeable batteries. Rare-earth elements are concentrated much less at around 0. 1,
and steel wires that hangs from an uncrewed spacecraft. The net is fitted with sensors that look for light reflecting from small pieces of debris
Then they shot the ice with a steel pellet travelling at about 7 kilometres a second to simulate the comet smacking into a planet
In that process, steel sheets are fed into one side of a machine, where theye continuously rolled into a spiral,
and Dan Ainge 2 Keystone system allows the steel rolls to be tapered and made of varying thickness,
and uses steel to make the whole tower, instead of concrete. his makes it much more cost-effective to build much taller towers,
Theye built using very thick steel walls at the base (requiring more than 100 tons of excess steel),
or pieced together with many steel elements using thousands of bolts. f you were to design a 500-foot tower to get strong winds,
industrial-sized machine and the trapezoid-shaped sheets of steel needed to feed into the system.
Heejin then redesigned the device as a pretzel-shaped structure by incorporating a superelastic wire made from a special nitinol alloy.
The coils are made from a shape-memory alloy (SMA) a type of material that remembers an engineered shape
That s where shape-memory alloys may provide a solution. Such materials only contract when heated and can easily be stretched back to a looser shape when cool.
-memory alloys. When trained as tightly packed small-diameter springs this material contracts when heated to produce a significant amount of force given its slight mass ideal for use in a lightweight compression garment.
Shape-memory alloys like nickel-titanium can essentially be trained to return to an original shape in response to a certain temperature.
and weld even through a half-inch of steel at greater efficiencies than today s industrial lasers.
A computer simulation of the molecular stucture of a metal alloy, showing the boundaries between microcystalline grains (white lines forming hexagons),
the researchers plan to study how to design metal alloys so cracks would close and heal under loads typical of particular applications.
Techniques for controlling the microstructure of alloys already exist, Demkowicz says, so it just a matter of figuring out how to achieve a desired result. hat a field wee just opening up,
The nanoparticles naturally grow a hard shell of silicon oxide on their surface much like stainless steel forms a protective layer of chromium oxide on its surface.
Graphene is remarkably strong for its low weight-about 100 times stronger than steel -and it conducts heat and electricity with great efficiency.
Moreover graphene is nontoxic to biological systems an improvement over previous research into transparent electrical contacts that are much thicker rigid difficult to manufacture and reliant on potentially toxic metal alloys.
and Sige alloys,"Wilson said.""We coated these crystals with a thin metal film, heated the surface with a laser beam,
Guo's team drilled hundreds of 1-millimeter-diameter holes into the surface of a thin sheet of an aluminum alloy.
The best nanoparticle distribution and smallest aluminum alloy grains were obtained after passing the rotating tool through the sheet four times.
and tensile strength compared to untreated aluminum alloy sheets. We plan to continue this research to further improve the mechanical and thermal properties as well as the wear resistance of the nanocomposites says Guo.
#Experts create unique nanoparticles for aerospace industry A development of three universities enables improved thermal and electronic properties on devices with nickel-titanium alloys.
Federal Universities of Pernambuco and Campina Grande, both in Brazil, were responsible for obtaining physical media for the shape memory titanium-nickel metal alloy (with the ability to return to its original state after being deformed.
Manufacturing methods of the alloys are very specific, so the Brazilian universities obtained them by vacuum melting the titanium to make it react with oxygen.
another goal of this proyect is to train high level human resources in the areas of metallurgy alloys with shape memory,
That structure can then be coated with a thin layer of just about any kind of material metal, an alloy, a glass, a semiconductor, etc.
and it's extremely strong its tensile strength is even stronger than steel Hunt said. Air doesn't damage it.
graphene is a 2d sheet of carbon just one atom Thick with a'honeycomb'structure the'wonder material'is 100 times stronger than steel, highly conductive and flexible.
After depositing the atoms onto the silver platform initial tests identified that alloy-like surface phases would form until bulk silicon layers
The team observed what happens when a wedge-shaped piece of steel slides over a flat piece of aluminum or copper.
Fortunately researchers have pinpointed now the breaking mechanism of several monolayer materials hundreds of times stronger than steel with exotic properties that could revolutionize everything from armor to electronics.
The catalysts, tungsten-based bimetallic alloy nanoparticles of non-cubic symmetry, have high melting points and consequently are able to maintain their crystal structure during the chemical vapor deposition (CVD) process,
This method is also valid for other tungsten-based alloy nanocatalysts to grow SWNTS of various designed chirality."
"Employing tungsten-based alloy nanocrystals with unique structure as catalysts paves a way for the ultimate chirality control in SWNT growth.
while the Eiffel Tower achieves similar strength using a lattice of steel beams and struts that is mostly open air, gaining its strength from the geometric arrangement of those elements.
These whiskers were treated then with a special alloy, which created an electrode. Two electrodes are needed for the powerful energy storage.
For us, we set the challenge to coat 2 meters long stainless steel tubes, "explains the researcher.
but we make steel space frames the size of city blocks. We're doing a live build at a festival in Phoenix on October 4th and an installation at a local art museum soon.
and to dangle creepily from ceilings is five times stronger than an equal-sized thread of steel would be.
The Livewire has a lightweight aluminum frame rather than the classic tubular-steel version, and a 74-horsepower electric motor.
Recent solutions have used shape memory alloys (SMAS) pneumatic actuators and electroactive polymers each with their own advantages but also with disadvantages.
Despite being made from alloys and polymers to make it as light and flexible as possible the exoskeleton weighs in at around 60kg.
and steel cables instead of tendons. 3d printed plastic parts work like bones and a rubber coating acts as the skin.
Secondly, if this water gets to the steel reinforcements--in concrete we have all these steel rebars
steel, cement and other industries producing most of the country greenhouse gas emissions. The program is meant to complement the Obama administration Clean Power Plan,
#Tough-as-Steel Glass Breaks Mold Glass is notoriously breakable. Just ask any twelve-year-boy carrying a bat and searching for his baseball.
They say theye created glass that nearly as strong as steel. Making the material seems surprisingly simple.
The result was a transparent glass nearly as strong as steel and iron. e will establish a way to mass-produce the new material shortly,
That materialbbreviated GSTONSISTS of a thin layer of an alloy of germanium, antimony, and tellurium.
where solder-bumping the photonic subsystem onto the electronic control chip will be the early packaging solution.
Initially working with Lew Meixler on a federal Cooperative Research and development Agreement in the Plasma Surface Laboratory, she solved the problem by treating the metal (steel or titanium) with a plasma.
It may be used to create alloy nanomaterials for solar cells, heterogeneous catalysts for a variety of chemical reactions, and energy storage devices."
and morphology of the alloy nanoparticles on surfaces,"said Dr. Grant Johnson, a PNNL physical chemist who led the study.
Creating the alloy particles in the gas phase provides a host of benefits. The conventional solution-based approach often results in clumps of the different metals
"This allows us to create alloys with consistent elemental constituents and conformation. Furthermore, the kinetically limited gas-phase approach also enables the deposition of intermediate species that would react away in solution."
"is actually stronger than steel.""The F/A-18 Hornet became the U s. Navy and Marine corps'first strike fighter in 1978;
It is stronger than steel yet many times lighter more conductive than copper and more flexible than rubber.
whether mounting solar cells onto more durable materials such as spring steel could make kirigami systems even more robust t
In the past, the cup was made through titanium alloy casting, and needed to be melted into liquid and poured in the mold of titanium alloy
and then cooled down to form a shape. A micro-porous coating was added then the surface.
it has the highest strength of any isolated material (200x stronger than steel), is very light and flexible, an efficient conductor of heat and electricity,
which combine two metals that normally don fuse easily such as stainless steel and titanium or copper and steel.
and her idea that the carbon and hydrogen in waste plastics might be a useful resource for the manufacture of steel.
Together with technology partner One Steel Veena's team perfected the technique of'polymer injection'for electric arc furnaces.
The technology has also been licensed to steel makers in South korea, Thailand and the UK enabling high quality steel products to be produced more economically and with less energy,
while at the same time reducing the environmental problems of waste tyre disposal s
#Deep-sea fish found to be warm-blooded Calling someone a cold fish may not hold any more after scientists today revealed a deep-sea fish that is warm-blooded.
#Predicting Which Combinations Will Yield Metallic Glass Materials scientists have created an nstruction manualfor developing metallic glassn ultra-tough yet flexible alloy described as the most significant materials science innovation since plastic.
Metallic glass alloys, however, have disordered a highly structure, with the atoms arranged in a non-regular way. here are many types of metallic glass, with the most popular ones based on zirconium, palladium, magnesium, titanium or copper.
But until now, discovering alloy compositions that form these materials has required a lengthy process of trial and error in the laboratory,
They have used their model to successfully predict more than 200 new metallic glass alloys based on magnesium, silver, copper,
says Laws. etallic glass alloys are expensive to manufacture and to date have only been used in niche products,
foams, metal alloys, and single microcrystals. A team led by Brian M. Patterson uses the stage to better understand damage initiation
Phase-change memory involves an alloy of germanium antimony and tellurium. Applying a small jolt of electricity to the alloy results in a change in its structure.
The first jolt induces the atoms to form a normal, crystalline structure that facilitates a flow of electrons.
At another TCL plant in Hefei, near Shanghai, steel refrigerator frames are bent into shape before being plucked by a blue Yasakawa robot arm that stacks them in neat rows for further assembly.
'The magnesium alloy matrix composite is reinforced with silicon carbide hollow particles and has a density of only 0. 92 grams per cubic centimeter compared to 1. 0 g/cc of water.
The secret of this syntactic foam starts with a matrix made of a magnesium alloy, which is turned then into foam by adding strong,
This concept can also be used with other magnesium alloys that are nonflammable. The new composite has potential applications in boat flooring, automobile parts,
Water penetrates the steel in the concrete which starts to rust and becomes brittle. Using a type of bacteria that is typically found near active volcanoes,
The bullet's energy is transferred simultaneously to the alloy ball, propelling it towards the target.'
which proved to be tricky in our brass brush test video after the break. So what's the secret sauce behind this new coating?
For those who care about benchmarks, these can apparently resist brass brush weight of up to 2kg
#Super-slick material makes steel better, stronger, cleaner Steel is ubiquitous in our daily lives.
We cook in stainless steel skillets, ride steel subway cars over steel rails to our offices in steel-framed building.
Steel screws hold together broken bones, steel braces straighten crooked teeth, steel scalpels remove tumors.
Most of the goods we consume are delivered by ships and trucks mostly built of steel.
While various grades of steel have been developed over the past 50 years, steel surfaces have remained largely unchanged--and unimproved.
The steel of today is as prone as ever to the corrosive effects of water and salt and abrasive materials such as sand.
Steel surgical tools can still carry microorganisms that cause deadly infections. Now researchers at the Harvard John A. Paulson School of engineering and Applied sciences (SEAS) have demonstrated a way to make steel stronger, safer and more durable.
Their new surface coating, made from rough nanoporous tungsten oxide, is the most durable antifouling and anti-corrosive material to date,
capable of repelling any kind of liquid even after sustaining intense structural abuse. The new material joins the portfolio of other nonstick,
antifouling materials developed in the lab of Joanna Aizenberg, the Amy Smith Berylson Professor of Materials science and core faculty member of the Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard university.
Aizenberg's team developed Slippery Liquid-Infused Porous Surfaces in 2011 and since then has demonstrated a broad range of applications for the super-slick coating, known as SLIPS.
The new SLIPS-enhanced steel is described in Nature Communications.""Our slippery steel is orders of magnitude more durable than any antifouling material that has been developed before,
"said Aizenberg.""So far, these two concepts-mechanical durability and antifouling-were at odds with each other.
We need surfaces to be textured and porous to impart fouling resistance but rough nanostructured coatings are intrinsically weaker than their bulk analogs.
The biggest challenge in the development of this surface was to figure out how to structure steel to ensure its antifouling capability without mechanical degradation.
The team solved this by using an electrochemical technique to grow an ultrathin film of hundreds of thousands of small and rough tungsten-oxide islands directly onto a steel surface."
"Electrochemical deposition is already a widely used technique in steel manufacturing, said Aizenberg.""I don't want to create another line that would cost millions
The team tested the material by scratching it with stainless steel tweezers, screwdrivers, diamond-tipped scribers,
and show anti-biofouling behavior but the tungsten oxide actually made the steel stronger than steel without the coating.
Medical steel devices are one of the material's most promising applications, said Philseok Kim,
#Single atom alloy platinum-copper catalysts cut costs, boost green technology A new generation of platinum-copper catalysts that require very low concentrations of platinum in the form of individual atoms to cleanly
We call such materials single atom alloys, "said Sykes. The Tufts chemists used a specialized low temperature scanning tunneling microscope to visualize the single platinum atoms and their interaction with hydrogen."
such as platinum-copper single atom alloy nanoparticles supported on an alumina substrate, and then tested them under industrial pressure and temperatures."
Together we embarked on a new direction involving single atom alloys as catalysts for selective hydrogenation reactions.
"Sykes and Flytzani-Stephanopoulos have used this approach to design a variety of single atom alloy catalysts that have,
and properties of single atom alloy surfaces and then applied this knowledge to develop a working catalyst.
#This new high-power diamond laser can cut steel Although lasers based on diamond have been around around for several years,
The ability to slice through steel has always been the benchmark for cutting power. With 380 Watts@1240nm, the new laser has enough oomph to handle the job.
The new diamond lasers make use of something known as Raman conversion to shift light to wavelengths that are long enough to be absorbed efficiently by steel.
This revision will probably serve as a minor update to the existing hardware without a drastic change in design. 7000 series aluminum seems to be the alloy of choice here potentially the exact same material used in the Apple Watch Sport.
Reliance Games has developed several games based on well-known IP like Hunger Games and Real Steel. The robot battle game eal Steel World Robot Boxingis likely the best known Reliance Games app it has 7. 5 Million downloads,
while the cluster of three Real Steel tie-in apps has garnered 47 Million downloads. The Real Steel franchise has shown broad global appeal
with country tallies standing at US (10m+),Russia (4. 8m+),Thailand (2. 7m+),Mexico (2m+),Brazil (1. 9m+),S. Korea (1. 6m
+),China (1. 2m+.+This is one reason why many game developers are now pursuing IP licenses a reasonably successful movie
Real Steel is a 2011 movie that grossed $300 Million. Earlier this March, eal Steel Champions a new spin-off app by Reliance Games, hit Top 5 of US ipad download chart.
Licensed app franchises can have surprisingly long life spans, aiding app discovery years after the popularity of the original IP has peaked.
In the case of Real Steel, we focused on the robot combat and not the journey of the Hugh Jackman Character.
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